2010 Chinese census

Sixth National Population Census
Simplified Chinese	第六次全国人口普查
Traditional Chinese	第六次全國人口普查
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Dì Liù Cì Quánguó Rénkǒu Pǔchá

The Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China, also referred to as the 2010 Chinese Census, was conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China with a zero hour of November 1, 2010.

Census procedure

Census procedure was governed by the Regulations on National Population Census and the Circular of the State Council on the Conduct of the 6th National Population Census. The census cost 700 million RMB.

Results

Total population

Some of the forms used to collect census data

It found the total population of Mainland China to be 1,339,724,852 persons, an increase of 73,899,804 persons from the previous census conducted in 2000. This represented a growth rate of 5.84% over the decade, and an average annual growth rate of 0.57%. The population undercount rate of the census was estimated at 0.12%. The census also listed the population of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region as 7,097,600 persons, the population of Macau Special Administrative Region as 552,300 persons, and the population of Taiwan as 23,162,123 persons.

Population composition and demographics

The census found a total of 401,517,330 family households in Mainland China, with an average of 3.10 persons per household, a decrease of 0.34 persons from the 2000 census. 51.27% of the population is male, and 48.73% is female, giving a male to female ratio of 105.20 men for every 100 women, a decrease from the 2000 figure of 106.74. 49.68% of the population resided in urban areas, and 50.32% resided in rural areas, an increase of 13.46% in the proportion of the urban population. 261,386,075 people had lived in a place different from their household registration for at least six months, with 221,426,652 of these living in a different city from their registration.

16.60% of the population was aged 0-14, 70.14% was aged 15-59, and 13.26% were aged 60 or over. This represented a decrease of 6.29% in the share of the population in the youngest age group, and increases of 3.36% and 2.93% for the 15-59 and 60+ shares, respectively. 91.51% of the population was of the Han Chinese nationality, and 8.49% was of other ethnic groups. The Han population increased by 5.74%, and the population of other groups increased by a combined 6.92%.

Educational attainment

The census found that, in Mainland China, 119,636,790 people had completed higher education, 187,985,979 had completed only senior secondary education, 519,656,445 had completed only junior secondary education, 358,764,003 had completed only primary education, and 54,656,573 were illiterate. Since 2000, out of every 100,000 people, the number with higher education has increased from 3,611 to 8,930, the number with senior secondary education has increased from 11,146 to 14,032, the number with junior secondary education increased from 33,961 to 38,788, and the number of people with only primary education decreased from 35,701 to 26,779. The illiteracy rate declined from 6.72% to 4.08%.

Provincial-level "Educational attainment"

Administrative region	Completed higher education	Completed higher education (%)	For every 100,000 people higher education	Completed senior secondary education	Some senior secondary education (%)	Completed senior secondary education (%)	Completed junior secondary education	Some junior secondary education (%)	Completed junior secondary education (%)	Completed primary education	Some primary education (%)	Completed primary education (%)	Illiterate	Illiterate (%)	Illiteracy rate (%)
National total	119,637	8.93	8,930	187,986	14.03	22.96	519,656	38.79	61.75	358,764	26.78	88.53	54,657	4.08	4.89
Beijing	6,178	31.50	31,501	4,162	21.22	52.72	6,157	31.39	84.12	1,953	9.96	94.07	333	1.70	1.86
Shanghai	5,053	21.95	21,952	4,826	20.97	42.92	8,393	36.46	79.38	3,116	13.54	92.91	631	2.74	3.00
Tianjin	2,262	17.48	17,480	2,672	20.65	38.13	4,936	38.15	76.28	2,206	17.05	93.33	271	2.10	2.33
Liaoning	5,234	11.96	11,965	6,469	14.79	26.75	19,829	45.33	72.08	9,365	21.41	93.49	844	1.93	2.18
Jiangsu	8,507	10.81	10,815	12,698	16.14	26.96	30,418	38.67	65.63	19,017	24.18	89.80	2,995	3.81	4.38
Xinjiang	2,320	10.64	10,635	2,526	11.58	22.22	7,874	36.10	58.31	6,560	30.08	88.39	516	2.36	2.98
Shaanxi	3,940	10.56	10,556	5,888	15.77	26.33	14,981	40.14	66.46	8,741	23.42	89.88	1,398	3.74	4.39
Inner Mongolia	2,522	10.21	10,208	3,737	15.13	25.33	9,689	39.22	64.55	6,280	25.42	89.97	1,005	4.07	4.74
Jilin	2,716	9.89	9,890	4,632	16.87	26.76	11,553	42.07	68.83	6,607	24.06	92.88	527	1.92	2.18
Hubei	5,456	9.53	9,533	9,502	16.60	26.13	22,676	39.62	65.75	13,091	22.87	88.62	2,619	4.58	5.31
Zhejiang	5,078	9.33	9,330	7,381	13.56	22.89	19,964	36.68	59.57	15,685	28.82	88.39	3,061	5.62	6.48
Ningxia	577	9.15	9,152	785	12.45	21.60	2,121	33.65	55.26	1,879	29.83	85.08	392	6.22	7.92
Heilongjiang	3,474	9.07	9,067	5,743	14.99	24.06	17,272	45.08	69.14	9,225	24.08	93.22	788	2.06	2.34
Shanxi	3,114	8.72	8,721	5,619	15.73	24.45	16,115	45.13	69.58	7,805	21.85	91.43	762	2.13	2.57
Shangdong	8,329	8.69	8,694	13,323	13.91	22.60	38,468	40.16	62.76	23,912	24.96	87.72	4,757	4.97	5.89
Chongqing	2,493	8.64	8,642	3,811	13.21	21.86	9,514	32.98	54.84	9,747	33.79	88.63	1,239	4.30	5.17
Qinghai	485	8.62	8,616	587	10.43	19.04	1,428	25.37	44.42	1,984	35.27	79.68	576	10.23	12.94
Fujian	3,085	8.36	8,361	5,119	13.88	22.24	13,978	37.89	60.12	10,995	29.80	89.92	900	2.44	2.89
Guangdong	8,567	8.21	8,214	17,807	17.07	25.29	44,760	42.91	68.20	23,944	22.96	91.16	2,042	1.96	2.36
Hainan	674	7.77	7,768	1,272	14.67	22.43	3,620	41.74	64.17	1,972	22.74	86.91	354	4.08	5.11
Hunan	4,989	7.59	7,595	10,129	15.42	23.01	25,963	39.53	62.54	17,594	26.79	89.33	1,754	2.67	3.24
Gansu	1,923	7.52	7,520	3,245	12.69	20.21	7,983	31.21	51.42	8,313	32.50	83.92	2,223	8.69	10.62
Hebei	5,243	7.30	7,296	9,132	12.71	20.00	31,903	44.40	64.40	17,720	24.66	89.06	1,877	2.61	3.14
Jiangxi	3,052	6.85	6,847	5,493	12.33	19.17	16,842	37.79	56.96	13,373	30.01	86.97	1,394	3.13	4.00
Anhui	3,985	6.70	6,697	6,410	10.77	17.47	22,619	38.01	55.49	16,629	27.95	83.43	4,965	8.34	10.17
Sichuan	5,368	6.68	6,675	9,045	11.25	17.92	28,057	34.89	52.81	27,847	34.63	87.44	4,377	5.44	6.56
Henan	6,016	6.40	6,398	12,423	13.21	19.61	39,923	42.46	62.07	22,668	24.11	86.18	3,991	4.25	5.37
Guangxi	2,751	5.98	5,978	5,079	11.03	17.01	17,842	38.76	55.78	14,581	31.68	87.45	1,249	2.71	3.47
Yunnan	2,656	5.78	5,778	3,850	8.38	14.15	12,631	27.48	41.63	19,944	43.39	85.02	2,770	6.03	7.60
Tibet	165	5.51	5,507	131	4.36	9.87	386	12.85	22.72	1,098	36.59	59.31	—	—	—
Guizhou	1,839	5.29	5,292	2,530	7.28	12.57	10,351	29.79	42.36	13,681	39.37	81.74	3,039	8.74	11.69

Population distribution

Map displaying provinces whose population as a proportion of Mainland China's total population increased (green) and decreased (red)

Rank	Administrative region	Population as of 2000 Census	Population as of 2010 Census	Numerical change	Proportion 2000 Census	Proportion 2010 Census
1	Guangdong Province	85,225,007	104,303,132	19,078,125	6.83%	7.79%
2	Shandong Province	89,971,789	95,793,065	5,821,276	7.17%	7.15%
3	Henan Province	91,236,854	94,023,567	2,786,713	7.31%	7.02%
4	Sichuan Province	82,348,296	80,418,200	1,930,096	6.58%	6.00%
5	Jiangsu Province	73,043,577	78,659,903	5,616,326	5.88%	5.87%
6	Hebei Province	66,684,419	71,854,202	5,169,783	5.33%	5.36%
7	Hunan Province	63,274,173	65,683,722	2,409,549	5.09%	4.90%
8	Anhui Province	58,999,948	59,500,510	500,562	4.73%	4.44%
9	Hubei Province	59,508,870	57,237,740	2,271,130	4.76%	4.27%
10	Zhejiang Province	45,930,651	54,426,891	8,496,240	3.69%	4.06%
11	Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region	43,854,538	46,026,629	2,172,091	3.55%	3.44%
12	Yunnan Province	42,360,089	45,966,239	3,606,150	3.39%	3.43%
13	Jiangxi Province	40,397,598	44,567,475	4,169,877	3.27%	3.33%
14	Liaoning Province	41,824,412	43,746,323	1,921,911	3.35%	3.27%
15	Heilongjiang Province	36,237,576	38,312,224	2,074,648	2.91%	2.86%
16	Shaanxi Province	35,365,072	37,327,378	1,962,306	2.85%	2.79%
17	Fujian Province	34,097,947	36,894,216	2,796,269	2.74%	2.75%
18	Shanxi Province	32,471,242	35,712,111	3,240,869	2.60%	2.67%
19	Guizhou Province	35,247,695	34,746,468	501,227	2.78%	2.59%
20	Municipality of Chongqing	30,512,763	28,846,170	1,666,593	2.44%	2.15%
21	Jilin Province	26,802,191	27,462,297	660,106	2.16%	2.05%
22	Gansu Province	25,124,282	25,575,254	450,972	2.02%	1.91%
23	Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region	23,323,347	24,706,321	1,382,974	1.88%	1.84%
24	Municipality of Shanghai	16,407,734	23,019,148	6,611,414	1.32%	1.72%
25	Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region	18,459,511	21,813,334	3,353,823	1.52%	1.63%
26	Municipality of Beijing	13,569,194	19,612,368	6,043,174	1.09%	1.46%
27	Municipality of Tianjin	9,848,731	12,938,224	3,089,493	0.79%	0.97%
28	Hainan Province	7,559,035	8,671,518	1,112,483	0.62%	0.65%
29	Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region	5,486,393	6,301,350	814,957	0.44%	0.47%
30	Qinghai Province	4,822,963	5,626,722	803,759	0.41%	0.42%
31	Tibet Autonomous Region	2,616,329	3,002,166	385,837	0.21%	0.22%
—	Military	2,498,600	2,300,000	198,600	—	—
—	Residence Difficult to Determine	—	4,649,985	—	—	—
—	National total (excluding below)	1,245,110,826	1,339,724,852	94,614,026	100%	100%
*	Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	6,708,389	7,061,200	352,811	—	—
*	Macau Special Administrative Region	431,500	552,300	120,800	—	—
*	Taiwan Area	22,276,672	23,162,123	885,451	—	—

Foreign nationals and residents of Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan

A breakdown of foreign nationals in Mainland China at the time of the census.

The census also recorded 593,832 foreign nationals, 234,829 residents of Hong Kong SAR, 21,201 residents of Macau SAR, and 170,283 residents of Taiwan residing in Mainland China, a total of 1,020,145 additional persons. 605,821 of these were male, and 414,324 were female. Of the foreign nationals, 120,750 were from the Republic of Korea, 71,493 were from the United States, 66,159 were from Japan, 39,776 were from Myanmar, 36,205 were from Vietnam, 19,990 were from Canada, 15,087 were from France, 15,051 were from India, 14,446 were from Germany, and 13,286 were from Australia. The remaining 181,589 were from other countries.