2010 Chinese census
Sixth National Population Census | |||||||
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Simplified Chinese | 第六次全国人口普查 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 第六次全國人口普查 | ||||||
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The Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China, also referred to as the 2010 Chinese Census, was conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China with a zero hour of November 1, 2010.[1]
Census procedure
Census procedure was governed by the Regulations on National Population Census and the Circular of the State Council on the Conduct of the 6th National Population Census.[1] The census cost 700 million RMB.[2]
Results
Total population
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC.jpg/220px-%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E6%AC%A1%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC.jpg)
It found the total population of Mainland China to be 1,339,724,852 persons, an increase of 73,899,804 persons from the previous census conducted in 2000.[3] This represented a growth rate of 5.84% over the decade, and an average annual growth rate of 0.57%. The population undercount rate of the census was estimated at 0.12%. The census also listed the population of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region as 7,097,600 persons, the population of Macau Special Administrative Region as 552,300 persons, and the population of Taiwan as 23,162,123 persons.[4][1]
Population composition and demographics
The census found a total of 401,517,330 family households in Mainland China, with an average of 3.10 persons per household, a decrease of 0.34 persons from the 2000 census. 51.27% of the population is male, and 48.73% is female, giving a male to female ratio of 105.20 men for every 100 women, a decrease from the 2000 figure of 106.74. 49.68% of the population resided in urban areas, and 50.32% resided in rural areas, an increase of 13.46% in the proportion of the urban population. 261,386,075 people had lived in a place different from their household registration for at least six months, with 221,426,652 of these living in a different city from their registration.[1]
16.60% of the population was aged 0-14, 70.14% was aged 15-59, and 13.26% were aged 60 or over. This represented a decrease of 6.29% in the share of the population in the youngest age group, and increases of 3.36% and 2.93% for the 15-59 and 60+ shares, respectively. 91.51% of the population was of the Han Chinese nationality, and 8.49% was of other ethnic groups. The Han population increased by 5.74%, and the population of other groups increased by a combined 6.92%.[1]
Educational attainment
The census found that, in Mainland China, 119,636,790 people had completed higher education, 187,985,979 had completed only senior secondary education, 519,656,445 had completed only junior secondary education, 358,764,003 had completed only primary education, and 54,656,573 were illiterate. Since 2000, out of every 100,000 people, the number with higher education has increased from 3,611 to 8,930, the number with senior secondary education has increased from 11,146 to 14,032, the number with junior secondary education increased from 33,961 to 38,788, and the number of people with only primary education decreased from 35,701 to 26,779. The illiteracy rate declined from 6.72% to 4.08%.[1]
Administrative region |
Completed higher education |
Completed higher education (%) |
For every 100,000 people higher education |
Completed senior secondary education |
Some senior secondary education (%) |
Completed senior secondary education (%) |
Completed junior secondary education |
Some junior secondary education (%) |
Completed junior secondary education (%) |
Completed primary education |
Some primary education (%) |
Completed primary education (%) |
Illiterate |
Illiterate (%) |
Illiteracy rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National total | 119,637 | 8.93 | 8,930 | 187,986 | 14.03 | 22.96 | 519,656 | 38.79 | 61.75 | 358,764 | 26.78 | 88.53 | 54,657 | 4.08 | 4.89 |
Beijing | 6,178 | 31.50 | 31,501 | 4,162 | 21.22 | 52.72 | 6,157 | 31.39 | 84.12 | 1,953 | 9.96 | 94.07 | 333 | 1.70 | 1.86 |
Shanghai | 5,053 | 21.95 | 21,952 | 4,826 | 20.97 | 42.92 | 8,393 | 36.46 | 79.38 | 3,116 | 13.54 | 92.91 | 631 | 2.74 | 3.00 |
Tianjin | 2,262 | 17.48 | 17,480 | 2,672 | 20.65 | 38.13 | 4,936 | 38.15 | 76.28 | 2,206 | 17.05 | 93.33 | 271 | 2.10 | 2.33 |
Liaoning | 5,234 | 11.96 | 11,965 | 6,469 | 14.79 | 26.75 | 19,829 | 45.33 | 72.08 | 9,365 | 21.41 | 93.49 | 844 | 1.93 | 2.18 |
Jiangsu | 8,507 | 10.81 | 10,815 | 12,698 | 16.14 | 26.96 | 30,418 | 38.67 | 65.63 | 19,017 | 24.18 | 89.80 | 2,995 | 3.81 | 4.38 |
Xinjiang | 2,320 | 10.64 | 10,635 | 2,526 | 11.58 | 22.22 | 7,874 | 36.10 | 58.31 | 6,560 | 30.08 | 88.39 | 516 | 2.36 | 2.98 |
Shaanxi | 3,940 | 10.56 | 10,556 | 5,888 | 15.77 | 26.33 | 14,981 | 40.14 | 66.46 | 8,741 | 23.42 | 89.88 | 1,398 | 3.74 | 4.39 |
Inner Mongolia | 2,522 | 10.21 | 10,208 | 3,737 | 15.13 | 25.33 | 9,689 | 39.22 | 64.55 | 6,280 | 25.42 | 89.97 | 1,005 | 4.07 | 4.74 |
Jilin | 2,716 | 9.89 | 9,890 | 4,632 | 16.87 | 26.76 | 11,553 | 42.07 | 68.83 | 6,607 | 24.06 | 92.88 | 527 | 1.92 | 2.18 |
Hubei | 5,456 | 9.53 | 9,533 | 9,502 | 16.60 | 26.13 | 22,676 | 39.62 | 65.75 | 13,091 | 22.87 | 88.62 | 2,619 | 4.58 | 5.31 |
Zhejiang | 5,078 | 9.33 | 9,330 | 7,381 | 13.56 | 22.89 | 19,964 | 36.68 | 59.57 | 15,685 | 28.82 | 88.39 | 3,061 | 5.62 | 6.48 |
Ningxia | 577 | 9.15 | 9,152 | 785 | 12.45 | 21.60 | 2,121 | 33.65 | 55.26 | 1,879 | 29.83 | 85.08 | 392 | 6.22 | 7.92 |
Heilongjiang | 3,474 | 9.07 | 9,067 | 5,743 | 14.99 | 24.06 | 17,272 | 45.08 | 69.14 | 9,225 | 24.08 | 93.22 | 788 | 2.06 | 2.34 |
Shanxi | 3,114 | 8.72 | 8,721 | 5,619 | 15.73 | 24.45 | 16,115 | 45.13 | 69.58 | 7,805 | 21.85 | 91.43 | 762 | 2.13 | 2.57 |
Shangdong | 8,329 | 8.69 | 8,694 | 13,323 | 13.91 | 22.60 | 38,468 | 40.16 | 62.76 | 23,912 | 24.96 | 87.72 | 4,757 | 4.97 | 5.89 |
Chongqing | 2,493 | 8.64 | 8,642 | 3,811 | 13.21 | 21.86 | 9,514 | 32.98 | 54.84 | 9,747 | 33.79 | 88.63 | 1,239 | 4.30 | 5.17 |
Qinghai | 485 | 8.62 | 8,616 | 587 | 10.43 | 19.04 | 1,428 | 25.37 | 44.42 | 1,984 | 35.27 | 79.68 | 576 | 10.23 | 12.94 |
Fujian | 3,085 | 8.36 | 8,361 | 5,119 | 13.88 | 22.24 | 13,978 | 37.89 | 60.12 | 10,995 | 29.80 | 89.92 | 900 | 2.44 | 2.89 |
Guangdong | 8,567 | 8.21 | 8,214 | 17,807 | 17.07 | 25.29 | 44,760 | 42.91 | 68.20 | 23,944 | 22.96 | 91.16 | 2,042 | 1.96 | 2.36 |
Hainan | 674 | 7.77 | 7,768 | 1,272 | 14.67 | 22.43 | 3,620 | 41.74 | 64.17 | 1,972 | 22.74 | 86.91 | 354 | 4.08 | 5.11 |
Hunan | 4,989 | 7.59 | 7,595 | 10,129 | 15.42 | 23.01 | 25,963 | 39.53 | 62.54 | 17,594 | 26.79 | 89.33 | 1,754 | 2.67 | 3.24 |
Gansu | 1,923 | 7.52 | 7,520 | 3,245 | 12.69 | 20.21 | 7,983 | 31.21 | 51.42 | 8,313 | 32.50 | 83.92 | 2,223 | 8.69 | 10.62 |
Hebei | 5,243 | 7.30 | 7,296 | 9,132 | 12.71 | 20.00 | 31,903 | 44.40 | 64.40 | 17,720 | 24.66 | 89.06 | 1,877 | 2.61 | 3.14 |
Jiangxi | 3,052 | 6.85 | 6,847 | 5,493 | 12.33 | 19.17 | 16,842 | 37.79 | 56.96 | 13,373 | 30.01 | 86.97 | 1,394 | 3.13 | 4.00 |
Anhui | 3,985 | 6.70 | 6,697 | 6,410 | 10.77 | 17.47 | 22,619 | 38.01 | 55.49 | 16,629 | 27.95 | 83.43 | 4,965 | 8.34 | 10.17 |
Sichuan | 5,368 | 6.68 | 6,675 | 9,045 | 11.25 | 17.92 | 28,057 | 34.89 | 52.81 | 27,847 | 34.63 | 87.44 | 4,377 | 5.44 | 6.56 |
Henan | 6,016 | 6.40 | 6,398 | 12,423 | 13.21 | 19.61 | 39,923 | 42.46 | 62.07 | 22,668 | 24.11 | 86.18 | 3,991 | 4.25 | 5.37 |
Guangxi | 2,751 | 5.98 | 5,978 | 5,079 | 11.03 | 17.01 | 17,842 | 38.76 | 55.78 | 14,581 | 31.68 | 87.45 | 1,249 | 2.71 | 3.47 |
Yunnan | 2,656 | 5.78 | 5,778 | 3,850 | 8.38 | 14.15 | 12,631 | 27.48 | 41.63 | 19,944 | 43.39 | 85.02 | 2,770 | 6.03 | 7.60 |
Tibet | 165 | 5.51 | 5,507 | 131 | 4.36 | 9.87 | 386 | 12.85 | 22.72 | 1,098 | 36.59 | 59.31 | — | — | — |
Guizhou | 1,839 | 5.29 | 5,292 | 2,530 | 7.28 | 12.57 | 10,351 | 29.79 | 42.36 | 13,681 | 39.37 | 81.74 | 3,039 | 8.74 | 11.69 |
Population distribution
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/2000-2010_China_Population_Distribution_Change.png/220px-2000-2010_China_Population_Distribution_Change.png)
2000 Census |
2010 Census[6] |
2000 Census[6] |
2010 Census[6] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Guangdong Province | 85,225,007 | 104,303,132 | ![]() |
6.83% | 7.79% |
2 | Shandong Province | 89,971,789 | 95,793,065 | ![]() |
7.17% | 7.15% |
3 | Henan Province | 91,236,854 | 94,023,567 | ![]() |
7.31% | 7.02% |
4 | Sichuan Province | 82,348,296 | 80,418,200 | ![]() |
6.58% | 6.00% |
5 | Jiangsu Province | 73,043,577 | 78,659,903 | ![]() |
5.88% | 5.87% |
6 | Hebei Province | 66,684,419 | 71,854,202 | ![]() |
5.33% | 5.36% |
7 | Hunan Province | 63,274,173 | 65,683,722 | ![]() |
5.09% | 4.90% |
8 | Anhui Province | 58,999,948 | 59,500,510 | ![]() |
4.73% | 4.44% |
9 | Hubei Province | 59,508,870 | 57,237,740 | ![]() |
4.76% | 4.27% |
10 | Zhejiang Province | 45,930,651 | 54,426,891 | ![]() |
3.69% | 4.06% |
11 | Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region | 43,854,538 | 46,026,629 | ![]() |
3.55% | 3.44% |
12 | Yunnan Province | 42,360,089 | 45,966,239 | ![]() |
3.39% | 3.43% |
13 | Jiangxi Province | 40,397,598 | 44,567,475 | ![]() |
3.27% | 3.33% |
14 | Liaoning Province | 41,824,412 | 43,746,323 | ![]() |
3.35% | 3.27% |
15 | Heilongjiang Province | 36,237,576 | 38,312,224 | ![]() |
2.91% | 2.86% |
16 | Shaanxi Province | 35,365,072 | 37,327,378 | ![]() |
2.85% | 2.79% |
17 | Fujian Province | 34,097,947 | 36,894,216 | ![]() |
2.74% | 2.75% |
18 | Shanxi Province | 32,471,242 | 35,712,111 | ![]() |
2.60% | 2.67% |
19 | Guizhou Province | 35,247,695 | 34,746,468 | ![]() |
2.78% | 2.59% |
20 | Municipality of Chongqing | 30,512,763 | 28,846,170 | ![]() |
2.44% | 2.15% |
21 | Jilin Province | 26,802,191 | 27,462,297 | ![]() |
2.16% | 2.05% |
22 | Gansu Province | 25,124,282 | 25,575,254 | ![]() |
2.02% | 1.91% |
23 | Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region | 23,323,347 | 24,706,321 | ![]() |
1.88% | 1.84% |
24 | Municipality of Shanghai | 16,407,734 | 23,019,148 | ![]() |
1.32% | 1.72% |
25 | Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region | 18,459,511 | 21,813,334 | ![]() |
1.52% | 1.63% |
26 | Municipality of Beijing | 13,569,194 | 19,612,368 | ![]() |
1.09% | 1.46% |
27 | Municipality of Tianjin | 9,848,731 | 12,938,224 | ![]() |
0.79% | 0.97% |
28 | Hainan Province | 7,559,035 | 8,671,518 | ![]() |
0.62% | 0.65% |
29 | Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region | 5,486,393 | 6,301,350 | ![]() |
0.44% | 0.47% |
30 | Qinghai Province | 4,822,963 | 5,626,722 | ![]() |
0.41% | 0.42% |
31 | Tibet Autonomous Region | 2,616,329 | 3,002,166 | ![]() |
0.21% | 0.22% |
— | Military | 2,498,600 | 2,300,000 | ![]() |
— | — |
— | Residence Difficult to Determine | — | 4,649,985 | — | — | — |
— | National total (excluding below) | 1,245,110,826 | 1,339,724,852 | ![]() |
100% | 100% |
* | Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | 6,708,389 | 7,061,200 | ![]() |
— | — |
* | Macau Special Administrative Region | 431,500 | 552,300 | ![]() |
— | — |
* | Taiwan Area | 22,276,672 | 23,162,123 | ![]() |
— | — |
Foreign nationals and residents of Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Mainland_China_Foreign_Nationals_By_Country_of_Origin_2010.png/300px-Mainland_China_Foreign_Nationals_By_Country_of_Origin_2010.png)
The census also recorded 593,832 foreign nationals, 234,829 residents of Hong Kong SAR, 21,201 residents of Macau SAR, and 170,283 residents of Taiwan residing in Mainland China, a total of 1,020,145 additional persons. 605,821 of these were male, and 414,324 were female. Of the foreign nationals, 120,750 were from the Republic of Korea, 71,493 were from the United States, 66,159 were from Japan, 39,776 were from Myanmar, 36,205 were from Vietnam, 19,990 were from Canada, 15,087 were from France, 15,051 were from India, 14,446 were from Germany, and 13,286 were from Australia. The remaining 181,589 were from other countries.[7]
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Communiqué of the National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China on Major Figures of the 2010 Population Census (No. 1)". National Bureau of Statistics of China. April 28, 2011. Retrieved April 29, 2011.
- ^ Branigan, Tania (November 01, 2010). "China census could be first to record true population". The Guardian. Retrieved May 07, 2011.
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(help) - ^ This figure excludes foreign nationals, residents of Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Macau temporarily staying in Mainland China, and Chinese citizens who have permanently settled abroad, but includes Chinese citizens who were temporarily abroad when the census was taken.
- ^ These three figures were obtained from the relevant authorities in each region.
- ^ "省、自治区、直辖市的分性别、户口登记状况的人口". National Bureau of Statistics of China. April 2001. Retrieved July 9, 2011.
- ^ a b c "Communiqué of the National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China on Major Figures of the 2010 Population Census (No. 2)". National Bureau of Statistics of China. April 29, 2011. Retrieved April 29, 2011.
- ^ a b "Major Figures on Residents from Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan and Foreigners Covered by 2010 Population Census". National Bureau of Statistics of China. April 29, 2011. Retrieved April 29, 2011.