Sodium bismuthate

Sodium bismuthate
Names
	Other names Sodium bismuth oxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	12232-99-4 =;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ECHA InfoCard	100.032.220
EC Number	235-455-6;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9065285 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Bi.Na.3O/q;+1;;;-1;
	SMILES [O-][Bi](=O)=O.[Na+];
Properties
Chemical formula	NaBiO3
Molar mass	279.97 g/mol
Appearance	Light brown powder
Density	6.50 g/cm3
Solubility in water	insoluble in cold, decomposes in hot water
Hazards
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	420 mg/kg (rat)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Sodium bismuthate is the inorganic compound with the formula NaBiO₃. It is a yellowish solid that is a strong oxidiser.^[1] It is not soluble in cold water. It is one of the few sodium salts that is insoluble in water. It is commercially available however commercial samples may be a mixture of bismuth(V) oxide, sodium carbonate and sodium peroxide.^[2]

Structure

Sodium bismuthate adopts an ilmenite structure, consisting of octahedral Bi⁵⁺ centers and Na⁺ centers. The average Bi-O distance is 2.116 Å. The ilmenite structure is related to the corundum structure (Al₂O₃) with a layer structure formed by close packed oxygen atoms with the two different cations, Na⁺ and Bi⁵⁺ alternating in octahedral sites.^[3]

Synthesis and reactions

Bismuth oxidizes to Bi(V) only with difficulty in the absence of alkali. For example, the simple oxide Bi₂O₅ remains poorly characterized. The preparation of this salt involves oxidizing a mixture of Bi₂O₃ and Na₂O with air (source of O₂):^[4]

Na₂O + O₂ + Bi₂O₃ → 2 NaBiO₃

The procedure is analogous to the preparation oxidation of manganese dioxide in alkali to give sodium manganate.

It oxidizes water, decomposing into bismuth(III) oxide and sodium hydroxide:

2 NaBiO₃ + H₂O → 2 NaOH + Bi₂O₃ + O₂

It is decomposed more rapidly by acids.

As a strong oxidizer, sodium bismuthate converts virtually any manganese compound to permanganate, which is easily assayed spectrophotometrically.^[4] It is also used for lab-scale separation of plutonium.

Vial of NaBiO₃.

References

^ "Sodium bismuthate". Mallinckrodt Baker. 06/19/07. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
^ Suzuki, Hitomi (2001). Organobismuth Chemistry. Elsevier. pp. 1–20. ISBN 978-0-444-20528-5.
^ Kumada, N.; Kinomura, N.; Sleight, A.W. (November 2000). "Neutron powder diffraction refinement of ilmenite-type bismuth oxides: ABiO3 (A = Na, Ag)". Materials Research Bulletin. 35 (14–15): 2397–2402. doi:10.1016/S0025-5408(00)00453-0. ISSN 0025-5408. – via ScienceDirect (Subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries.)
^ ^a ^b Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[1] "Sodium bismuthate". Mallinckrodt Baker. 06/19/07. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

[Suzuki-2] Suzuki, Hitomi (2001). Organobismuth Chemistry. Elsevier. pp. 1–20. ISBN 978-0-444-20528-5.

[KumadaKinomura2000-3] Kumada, N.; Kinomura, N.; Sleight, A.W. (November 2000). "Neutron powder diffraction refinement of ilmenite-type bismuth oxides: ABiO3 (A = Na, Ag)". Materials Research Bulletin. 35 (14–15): 2397–2402. doi:10.1016/S0025-5408(00)00453-0. ISSN 0025-5408. – via ScienceDirect (Subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries.)

[Green-4] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

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