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The emergences of Canada's two solitudes began after James Wolfe led the British to victory over the French colonialists at the Plains of Abraham in 1759.[1] With James Wolfe victory came the end of the Seven Years' War and the signing of the Treaty of Paris (1763), France ceded almost all of its territory in mainland North America.[2] The new British rulers left alone much of the religious, political, and social culture of the French-speaking habitants, guaranteeing the right of the Canadiens to practice the Catholic faith and to the use of French civil law (now Quebec law) through the Quebec Act of 1774.[3] This lead to the linguistic divisions of Lower Canada and Upper Canada.[4] Which left the autonomy needed for French Canadian merchants to form a fur trade union with new Scottish settlers.[1] This union culminated in the form of the North West Company that was in direct competition with the British Hudson's Bay Company.
^"Canada: History"(PDF). Country Profiles. Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 2007-10-09.
^"Original text of The Quebec Act of 1774". Canadiana (Library and Archives Canada). 2004 (1774). {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |date= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
