User:Nicholas Krasznavolgyi/sandbox

A Category 5-equivalent typhoon is a tropical cyclone that reaches Category 5 intensity on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale, within the Western Pacific Ocean to the north of the equator. They are among the strongest tropical cyclones that can form on Earth, having 1-minute sustained wind speeds of at least 137 knots (254 km/h; 158 mph; 70 m/s).

Background

The Western Pacific basin is the most active tropical cyclone basin in the world, averaging 25 named storms per year, with 15 becoming typhoons. The peak of the hurricane season runs from April through December.^[1]

Records

Systems

Name	Category 5 intensity		Peak intensity		Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Name	Dates	Duration	Wind speed	Pressure	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Halong (Jose)	August 2–3, 2014	6 hours	160 mph (260 km/h)	918 hPa (27.11 inHg)	Unknown	$72.8 million	12
Genevieve	August 7–8, 2014^{[note 1]}	6 hours	160 mph (260 km/h)	918 hPa (27.11 inHg)	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown
Vongfong (Ompong)	October 7–9, 2014	1 day 18 hours	180 mph (285 km/h)	907 hPa (26.78 inHg)	Unknown	$161 million	9
Nuri (Paeng)	November 2–3, 2014	1 day 12 hours	180 mph (285 km/h)	907 hPa (26.78 inHg)	Unknown	Unknown	0
Hagupit (Ruby)	December 3–5, 2014	1 day 9 hours	180 mph (285 km/h)	907 hPa (26.78 inHg)	Unknown	$114 million	18
Soudelor (Hanna)	August 3–4, 2015	1 day 0 hours	180 mph (285 km/h)	907 hPa (26.78 inHg)	Unknown	$4.09 billion	59
Atsani	August 19, 2015	6 hours	160 mph (260 km/h)	915 hPa (27.02 inHg)	Unknown	Unknown	0
Nepartak (Butchoy)	July 05–07, 2016	1 day 15 hours	180 mph (285 km/h)	907 hPa (26.78 inHg)	Unknown	$1.89 billion	111
Meranti (Ferdie)	September 12–14, 2016	1 day 21 hours	195 mph (315 km/h)	895 hPa (26.43 inHg)	Unknown	$4.79 billion	47
Chaba (Igme)	October 3, 2016	15 hours	175 mph (280 km/h)	911 hPa (26.90 inHg)	Unknown	$129 million	10
Haima (Lawin)	October 18–19, 2016	21 hours	165 mph (270 km/h)	914 hPa (26.99 inHg)	Unknown	$972 million	19
Nock-ten (Nina)	December 24–25, 2016	09 hours	160 mph (260 km/h)	918 hPa (27.11 inHg)	Unknown	$123 million	13
Maria (Gardo)	July 8–9, 2018	1 day 0 hours	165 mph (270 km/h)	910 hPa (26.87 inHg)	Unknown	$637 million	2
Jebi (Maymay)	August 30–September 1, 2018	1 day 18 hours	180 mph (285 km/h)	907 hPa (26.78 inHg)	Unknown	$14 billion	21
Mangkhut (Ompong)	September 11–14, 2018	3 day 12 hours	180 mph (285 km/h)	896 hPa (26.46 inHg)	Unknown	$3.77 billion	134
Trami (Paeng)	September 24, 2018	09 hours	160 mph (260 km/h)	914 hPa (26.99 inHg)	Unknown	$2.69 billion	4
Kong-rey (Queenie)	October 1–2, 2018	18 hours	175 mph (280 km/h)	906 hPa (26.75 inHg)	Unknown	$173 million	3
Yutu (Rosita)	October 24–27, 2018	3 day 6 hours	175 mph (280 km/h)	904 hPa (26.70 inHg)	Unknown	$854 million	30
Wutip (Betty)	February 23–25, 2019	12 hours	165 mph (270 km/h)	895 hPa (26.43 inHg)	Unknown	$3.3 million	0
Hagibis	October 7–9, 2019	1 day 18 hours	185 mph (295 km/h)	890 hPa (26.28 inHg)	Unknown	$17.3 billion+	139
Bualoi	October 22, 2019	3 hours	160 mph (260 km/h)	922 hPa (27.23 inHg)	Unknown	$200 million+	13
Halong	November 5–6, 2019	21 hours	190 mph (305 km/h)	888 hPa (26.22 inHg)	Unknown	Unknown	0
Goni (Rolly)	October 30–31, 2020	3 days 6 hours	195 mph (315 km/h)	884 hPa (26.10 inHg)	Unknown	$1.02 billion	32
Surigae (Bising)	April 16–18, 2021	Unknown	195 mph (315 km/h)	882 hPa (26.05 inHg)	Unknown	$10.5 million	10
Chanthu (Kiko)	September 8 & 9–10, 2021	Unknown	180 mph (285 km/h)	908 hPa (26.81 inHg)	Unknown	$30 million	0
Mindulle	September 25, 2021	Unknown	160 mph (260 km/h)	916 hPa (27.05 inHg)	Unknown	Unknown	0
Rai (Odette)	December 15 & 18, 2021	Unknown	175 mph (280 km/h)	908 hPa (26.81 inHg)	Unknown	$1.05 billion	410
Hinnamnor (Henry)	August 31, 2022	Unknown	165 mph (270 km/h)	911 hPa (26.90 inHg)	Unknown	$1.81 billion	20
Noru (Karding)	September 24, 2022	Unknown	165 mph (270 km/h)	914 hPa (26.99 inHg)	Unknown	$313 million	40
Mawar (Betty)	May 24–26, 2023	Unknown	190 mph (305 km/h)	891 hPa (26.31 inHg)	Unknown	$4.3 billion	6
Saola (Goring)	August 30, 2023	Unknown	160 mph (260 km/h)	917 hPa (27.08 inHg)	Unknown	$673 million	3
Bolaven	October 10–12, 2023	Unknown	190 mph (305 km/h)	897 hPa (26.49 inHg)	Unknown	Unknown	0
Yagi (Enteng)	September 5, 2024	Unknown	160 mph (260 km/h)	916 hPa (27.05 inHg)	Unknown	$16 billion	844
Man-yi (Pepito)	November 16, 2024	Unknown	160 mph (260 km/h)	921 hPa (27.20 inHg)	Unknown	Unknown	Unknown

Number by month

Number of recorded Category 5 Atlantic hurricanes by month^[2]
Month	Number of hurricanes
July	2
August	7
September	25
October	7
November	1

Landfalls

Nearly all Atlantic Category 5 hurricanes have made landfall at some location while a tropical or subtropical cyclone. This is primarily because of their proximity to land in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, where the usual synoptic weather patterns carry them towards land, as opposed to the westward, oceanic mean track of Eastern Pacific hurricanes.^[3] Nineteen of the storms made landfall at least once while at Category 5 intensity;^[2] 2007 and 2017 are the only years in which two storms made landfall at this intensity.^[2] All but five landfalling systems (the 1944 Great Atlantic hurricane, Carol, Esther, Mitch and Isabel) did so at major hurricane strength.

Many of these systems made landfall shortly after weakening from a Category 5 hurricane. This weakening can be caused by dry air near land, shallower waters due to shelving, interaction with land, eyewall replacement cycles, increased vertical wind shear, or cooler waters near shore.^[4]^{[citation needed]} The only Atlantic Category 5 hurricanes that did not make landfall while a tropical or subtropical cyclone were Hurricane Lee, which still made landfall as an extratropical cyclone in Nova Scotia, and Hurricane Lorenzo, which still brought hurricane-force winds to the Azores. These two storms are therefore not included in the table below.

The following table lists these hurricanes by landfall intensity.

Name	Year	Category 5	Category 4	Category 3	Category 2	Category 1	Tropical or subtropical storm	Tropical or subtropical depression	Refs
"Cuba"	1924	Cuba				Florida	The Bahamas		^[2]^[5]
"Okeechobee"	1928	Puerto Rico	Guadeloupe, Lucayan Archipelago, Florida			South Carolina
"Bahamas"	1932	The Bahamas
"Cuba"	1932		Little Cayman, Cuba	The Bahamas			Martinique
"Cuba–Brownsville"	1933	The Bahamas		Cuba, Texas
"Tampico"	1933		Yucatán Peninsula		Mainland Mexico
"Labor Day"	1935	Florida Keys			Northwest Florida	The Bahamas
"New England"	1938			New York, Connecticut
"Great Atlantic"	1944				New York, Rhode Island
Carol	1953					New Brunswick
Janet	1955	Yucatán Peninsula			Mexico
Esther	1961						Canada
Hattie	1961		Belize			Mexico
Inez	1966	Dominican Republic		Cuba, Haiti, Mexico		Cuba
Beulah	1967			Mexico	Yucatán Peninsula
Camille	1969	Mississippi			Cuba
Edith	1971	Nicaragua				Louisiana	Belize, Mexico
Anita	1977	Mexico
David	1979	Dominican Republic	Dominica		Florida	Cuba, The Bahamas, Georgia
Allen	1980			Texas, Barbados
Gilbert	1988	Quintana Roo		Jamaica, Tamaulipas					^[6]
Hugo	1989		Guadeloupe, Saint Croix, South Carolina	Puerto Rico					^[7]
Andrew	1992	Eleuthera, Florida	Berry Islands	Louisiana					^[8]
Mitch	1998					Honduras	Campeche, Florida		^[9]
Isabel	2003				North Carolina				^[10]
Ivan	2004			Alabama, Grenada				Louisiana	^[11]
Emily	2005		Quintana Roo	Tamaulipas		Grenada			^[12]
Katrina	2005			Louisiana, Mississippi		Florida			^[4]
Rita	2005			Louisiana					^[13]
Wilma	2005		Cozumel, Quintana Roo	Florida					^[14]
Dean	2007	Quintana Roo			Veracruz				^[15]
Felix	2007	Nicaragua					Grenada		^[16]
Matthew	2016		Haiti, Cuba, Grand Bahama			South Carolina			^[17]
Irma	2017	Barbuda, Saint Martin, Virgin Gorda, Cuba	Little Inagua, Florida Keys	Southwest Florida					^[18]
Maria	2017	Dominica	Puerto Rico						^[19]
Michael	2018	Florida
Dorian	2019	Abaco Islands, Grand Bahama (2×)			North Carolina	St. Thomas	Saint Lucia, Barbados
Ian	2022		Florida (2x)	Cuba		South Carolina
Beryl	2024		Carriacou		Quintana Roo	Texas
Yagi (Enteng)	2024			Florida

References

^ "The world of tropical cyclones: Eastern Hemisphere | NOAA Climate.gov". www.climate.gov. September 19, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d
"Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)" (Database). United States National Hurricane Center. April 5, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2024. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- - Landsea, Chris (April 2022). "The revised Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT2) - Chris Landsea – April 2022" (PDF). Hurricane Research Division – NOAA/AOML. Miami: Hurricane Research Division – via Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory.
^ Landsea, Christopher W (June 8, 2010). "Tropical Cyclone FAQ G8) Why do hurricanes hit the East coast of the U.S., but never the West coast?". Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved November 30, 2010.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference Katrina TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Mitchell, Charles L (October 1924). "Notes on the West Indian Hurricane of October 14–23, 1924" (PDF). U.S. Weather Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 19, 2009. Retrieved March 21, 2009.
^ Cite error: The named reference Gilbert TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Hugo TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Andrew TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Mitch TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Isabel TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Ivan TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Emily TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Rita TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Wilma TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Dean TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Felix TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Matthew TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Irma TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Brown, Daniel. "Hurricane Maria Tropical Cyclone Update". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on September 19, 2017. Retrieved September 19, 2017.

External links

NHC web site Archived February 24, 2011, at the Wayback Machine

Template:Featured list is only for Wikipedia:Featured lists.

Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

[1] "The world of tropical cyclones: Eastern Hemisphere | NOAA Climate.gov". www.climate.gov. September 19, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2024.

[HURDAT-3] "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)" (Database). United States National Hurricane Center. April 5, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2024. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Landsea, Chris (April 2022). "The revised Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT2) - Chris Landsea – April 2022" (PDF). Hurricane Research Division – NOAA/AOML. Miami: Hurricane Research Division – via Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory.

[3] Landsea, Chris (April 2022). "The revised Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT2) - Chris Landsea – April 2022" (PDF). Hurricane Research Division – NOAA/AOML. Miami: Hurricane Research Division – via Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory.

[4] Landsea, Chris (April 2022). "The revised Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT2) - Chris Landsea – April 2022" (PDF). Hurricane Research Division – NOAA/AOML. Miami: Hurricane Research Division – via Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory.

[meanTrack-4] Landsea, Christopher W (June 8, 2010). "Tropical Cyclone FAQ G8) Why do hurricanes hit the East coast of the U.S., but never the West coast?". Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved November 30, 2010.

[Katrina_TCR-5] Cite error: The named reference Katrina TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[mwr-6] Mitchell, Charles L (October 1924). "Notes on the West Indian Hurricane of October 14–23, 1924" (PDF). U.S. Weather Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 19, 2009. Retrieved March 21, 2009.

[Gilbert_TCR-7] Cite error: The named reference Gilbert TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Hugo_TCR-8] Cite error: The named reference Hugo TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Andrew_TCR-9] Cite error: The named reference Andrew TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Mitch_TCR-10] Cite error: The named reference Mitch TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Isabel_TCR-11] Cite error: The named reference Isabel TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Ivan_TCR-12] Cite error: The named reference Ivan TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Emily_TCR-13] Cite error: The named reference Emily TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Rita_TCR-14] Cite error: The named reference Rita TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Wilma_TCR-15] Cite error: The named reference Wilma TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Dean_TCR-16] Cite error: The named reference Dean TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Felix_TCR-17] Cite error: The named reference Felix TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Matthew_TCR-18] Cite error: The named reference Matthew TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Irma_TCR-19] Cite error: The named reference Irma TCR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[20] Brown, Daniel. "Hurricane Maria Tropical Cyclone Update". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on September 19, 2017. Retrieved September 19, 2017.

[1]

[note 1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

v t e Category 5 Atlantic hurricanes
1920s	"Cuba" (1924) "Okeechobee" (1928)
1930s	"Bahamas" (1932) "Cuba" (1932) "Cuba–Brownsville" (1933) "Tampico" (1933) "Labor Day" (1935) "New England" (1938)
1940s	"Great Atlantic" (1944)
1950s	Carol (1953) Janet (1955)
1960s	Esther (1961) Hattie (1961) Inez (1966) Beulah (1967) Camille (1969)
1970s	Edith (1971) Anita (1977) David (1979)
1980s	Allen (1980) Gilbert (1988) Hugo (1989)
1990s	Andrew (1992) Mitch (1998)
2000s	Isabel (2003) Ivan (2004) Emily (2005) Katrina (2005) Rita (2005) Wilma (2005) Dean (2007) Felix (2007)
2010s	Matthew (2016) Irma (2017) Maria (2017) Michael (2018) Dorian (2019) Lorenzo (2019)
2020s	Ian (2022) Lee (2023) Beryl (2024) Milton (2024)
Category Tropical cyclones portal

v t e Tropical cyclones by intensity
Atlantic hurricanes	Subtropical cyclones Tropical depressions Tropical storms Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5
Pacific hurricanes	Tropical depressions Tropical storms Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5
Pacific typhoon	Tropical Depressions Tropical Storms Severe Tropical Storms List of typhoons Strong Very strong Violent Super typhoon
North Indian Ocean tropical cyclones	Depressions Deep Depressions Cyclonic Storms Severe Cyclonic Storms Very Severe Cyclonic Storms Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storms Super Cyclonic Storms
South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclones	Zone of Disturbed Weather Tropical disturbances Subtropical depressions Tropical depressions Moderate tropical storms Severe tropical storms Tropical cyclones Intense tropical cyclones Very intense tropical cyclones
Australian region tropical cyclones	Tropical lows Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5
South Pacific tropical cyclone	Tropical disturbances Tropical depressions Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5