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Victor Dzau

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Victor J. Dzau
PBM
Born
Victor Joseph Dzau

(1945-10-23) October 23, 1945 (age 78)
Shanghai, China
EducationMcGill University (BS, MD)
Known forDevelopment of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Pioneer in gene therapy for vascular disease
SpouseRuth Cooper
Children2
Scientific career
FieldsCardiovascular medicine and genetics
InstitutionsDuke University

Victor Joseph Dzau PBM (Chinese: 曹文凱; pinyin: Cáo Wénkǎi;[1] born 23 October 1945) is a Chinese-American doctor and academic. He serves as the President of the United States National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine[2]) of the United States National Academy of Sciences and Vice Chair of its National Research Council. He is Chancellor Emeritus and James B. Duke Professor of Medicine at Duke University and former president and chief executive officer of Duke University Medical Center.

Scientific career

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Dzau received a Bachelor of Science degree in Biology and an M.D. (in 1972) from McGill University in Montreal, Canada.[3][4] He was the Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine at Harvard Medical School and served as Chairman of the Department of Medicine at Harvard Medical School's Brigham and Women's Hospital (1996-2004), as well as Chief of the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and later Chairman of the Department of Medicine at Stanford University (1990-1996).[5][6] He then became the Chancellor for Health Affairs at Duke University and president and chief executive officer of the Duke University Medical Center.[7] Dzau is currently the James B. Duke Professor of Medicine at Duke University.

Dzau is known for his work on the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and his investigations into gene therapy for vascular disease. His research laid the foundation for the development of ACE inhibitors, a class of drugs used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure. Dzau was the first to introduce DNA decoy molecules to block transcription as gene therapy in humans.[8] His research in cardiovascular regeneration led to the Paracrine Hypothesis[9] of stem cell action and the therapeutic strategy of direct cardiac reprogramming.[10] He was the previously the Chairman of the National Institutes of Health Cardiovascular Disease Advisory Committee, and he served on the Advisory Committee to the Director of the National Institutes of Health.

He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, European Academy of Sciences and Arts, Academia Sinica, Chinese Academy of Engineering, and Japan Academy.

Health care innovation

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Dzau created Duke University's Institute of Health Innovation and Translational Medicine Institute.[11] In 2011, he co-founded the non-governmental organization Innovations in Healthcare[12] in partnership with the World Economic Forum (WEF) and McKinsey & Company. In 2016, he was named by Modern Healthcare as one of the 50 most influential physician executives.

Dzau has published and spoken extensively on reimagining the future of academic medicine and medical training. In 2010, he proposed an evolution from “bench to bedside” to a “bench to bedside to population” model, which would encompass the entirety of the discovery to care continuum.[13] This model is an approach to closing the gaps in traditional medicine and increasing integration from research to care to population: first, minimizing the gap between scientific discovery and clinical translation (bench to bedside), and second, closing the gap between clinical best practices and community dissemination and adoption (bedside to population). In 2021, Dzau revised the model to reflect a “bench to bedside to population to society” approach.[14] The updated version speaks to the current need for convergence of care delivery with public health, as well as the importance of data science, the significant contributions of social determinants of health, and the impact of health and social inequities.

Leadership of the National Academy of Medicine

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In July 2014, Dzau was appointed for a six-year term as President of the then Institute of Medicine (now the National Academy of Medicine).[15] He oversaw the reconstitution in 2015 of the Institute of Medicine as the National Academy of Medicine, establishing a novel operational and programmatic infrastructure for the organization. In 2020, he was elected to a second six-year term by members of the National Academy of Medicine, becoming the organization's first president to be elected rather than appointed by the president of the National Academy of Sciences.[16]

Dzau launched numerous programs and initiatives at the National Academy of Medicine, including:

  • Human Genome Editing Initiative, an international effort to guide the development and application of novel gene editing technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9, in collaboration with the National Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Royal Society.
  • Committee on Emerging Science, Technology, and Innovation in Health and Medicine, which brings together experts in diverse fields to assess the landscape of emerging scientific advances and technologies in health and medicine and address the potential societal, ethical, legal, and workforce implications of such technologies, with the goal of developing a cross-sectoral governance framework.
  • Action Collaborative on Clinician Well-Being & Resilience, a public-private partnership to mitigate burnout among health professionals and medical students. In 2022, the Action Collaborative produced a National Plan for Health Workforce Well-Being.[17]
  • Culture of Health Program, an effort to advance the evidence base around drivers of health inequities and strategies to advance health equity in the United States.
  • Healthy Longevity Global Grand Challenge, a worldwide initiative to improve physical, mental, and social well-being for people as they age. In 2022, the initiative produced the Global Roadmap for Healthy Longevity report, which describes scalable strategies for world societies to benefit from the contributions of older people while avoiding predicted challenges of population aging.[18] The initiative also includes a multiyear, international competition to accelerate breakthroughs in healthy longevity through a series of monetary awards and prizes. The competition involves partnerships from the United States, United Kingdom, European Union, Japan, Singapore, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Chile, and Canada and covers more than 50 countries and territories.[19]
  • Grand Challenge on Climate Change, Human Health, & Equity, an initiative to reverse the negative effects of climate change on health and social equity by activating the entire health community; communicating and educating the public; driving changes through research, innovation, and policy; and decarbonizing the health care sector. The program includes the Action Collaborative on Decarbonizing the US Health Sector, a public-private partnership of leaders from across the U.S. health system – including the federal government, industry, hospital systems, private payers, clinicians, and academia.

Global health leadership

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Dzau created Duke University's Institute of Global Health and the Duke NUS Graduate Medical School in Singapore.[20] He also founded the Division of Global Health Equity at Harvard Brigham and Women’s Hospital[21] and chairs the International Advisory Board of McGill University's School of Population and Global Health. Dzau served on the Board of Health Governors for the World Economic Forum[22] and chaired its Global Futures Council on Healthy Longevity and Human Enhancement.[23] Dzau is co-chair of the Healthy Brains Global Initiative,[24] which aims to improve the lives of people living with mental and neurological health conditions worldwide.

Dzau serves on the board of the Imperial College Health Partners[25] and the Health and Biomedical Sciences International Advisory Council of Singapore.[26] He also chairs the International Science Advisory Committee of the Qatar Precision Health Institute, the Scientific Boards of the Peter Munk Cardiac Center of University of Toronto, and the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences of University of Glasgow. He is a member of the board of directors of the Institute of Health Evaluation and Metrics and served on the board of the Coalition of Epidemic Preparedness and Innovation (CEPI).

Dr. Dzau played a critical role in initiating the Qatar Genome Project and recently the Qatar Precision Medicine Institute, serving as the chair of the Scientific Advisory Boards. He also serves on Precision Medicine Scotland Expert Advisory Group and Steering Group for the Science & Innovation Audit.  Previously, he chaired the WEF Global Agenda Council on Precision Medicine, and served on the Institute of Medicine Roundtable on Genomics and Precision Health.

Three Global Health Lectureships have been established in Dzau's name:

Personal life

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Dzau was born in Shanghai, Republic of China. His father owned a chemical manufacturing company. He and his family fled to Hong Kong to escape from the Chinese Civil War.[29]

Dzau's wife, Ruth Cooper-Dzau, is the president of The Second Step, a nonprofit charitable organization that provides housing and transnational programs for domestic violence victims. They have two daughters, Jacqueline and Merissa.[30] Dzau is on the honor roll of the Jewish Federation of Durham Chapel Hill and has been a speaker at the Federation's Ignite talks.[31][32]

Honors and awards

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References

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  1. ^ "香港大學名譽博士學位畢業生 – 曹文凱". Hong Kong University. Retrieved 2018-10-12.
  2. ^ "Institute of Medicine to Become National Academy of Medicine". Archived from the original on 28 April 2015.
  3. ^ "McGill alumnus Victor J. Dzau, M.D., to be Next Institute of Medicine President : Health e-News".
  4. ^ "Victor Dzau, M.D." Archived from the original on February 11, 2005. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
  5. ^ Dzau VJ (2021). "Bench to Bedside Discovery, Innovation, Global Health Equity, and Security: A Conversation With Victor J. Dzau, MD". Circulation. 143 (11): 1076–1080. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.054151. PMID 33720778.
  6. ^ Husten, Larry. "Victor Dzau Leaving Duke To Head The Institute Of Medicine". Forbes.
  7. ^ "Dzaus Kick Off We Build People Campaign – YMCA". www.ymcatriangle.org. Archived from the original on 2018-10-12. Retrieved 2018-02-26.
  8. ^ Dzau, Victor J. (2002-06-28). "Transcription Factor Decoy". Circulation Research. 90 (12): 1234–1236. doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000025209.24283.73. ISSN 0009-7330. PMID 12089058.
  9. ^ Hodgkinson, Conrad P.; Bareja, Akshay; Gomez, José A.; Dzau, Victor J. (2016-01-08). "Emerging Concepts in Paracrine Mechanisms in Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine and Biology". Circulation Research. 118 (1): 95–107. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.305373. ISSN 0009-7330. PMC 4874329. PMID 26837742.
  10. ^ "Honorary degree recipient Victor Dzau recognized as medical innovator, healer of hearts, equity champion". news.emory.edu. Retrieved 2024-09-30.
  11. ^ Kaiser, Jocelyn (February 19, 2014). "Duke Physician-Scientist to Lead U.S. Institute of Medicine". Science.
  12. ^ "What We Do | Innovations in Healthcare". www.innovationsinhealthcare.org. Retrieved 2024-09-30.
  13. ^ Dzau, Victor (March 13, 2010). "The role of academic health science systems in the transformation of medicine". The Lancet. 375 (9718): 949–943. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61082-5. PMID 19800111.
  14. ^ Dzau, Victor (December 18, 2021). "Revisiting academic health sciences systems a decade later: discovery to health to population to society". The Lancet. 398 (10318): 2300–2304. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01752-9. PMID 34717828.
  15. ^ IOM Announces Next President nationalacademies.org [dead link]
  16. ^ DeStefano, Laura Harbold; Schultz, Andrea; Berkowitz, Edward (2022-02-13). Hammonds, Evelynn; Markel, Howard; Rosner, David; Stevens, Rosemary (eds.). A History of the National Academy of Medicine: 50 Years of Transformational Leadership. National Academy of Medicine. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. ISBN 978-0-309-69353-0.
  17. ^ Dzau, Victor J.; Kirch, Darrell; Murthy, Vivek; Nasca, Thomas, eds. (2024-02-28). National Plan for Health Workforce Well-Being. Action Collaborative on Clinician Well-Being and Resilience, National Academy of Medicine. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/26744. ISBN 978-0-309-69467-4.
  18. ^ Global Roadmap for Healthy Longevity. Commission for a Global Roadmap for Healthy Longevity, National Academy of Medicine. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. 2022-11-08. doi:10.17226/26144. ISBN 978-0-309-47150-3. PMID 36479752.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  19. ^ "Healthy Longevity Global Competition".
  20. ^ "Singapore confers Honorary Citizen Award on Professor Victor J. Dzau and Professor Sir John O'Reilly". www.duke-nus.edu.sg. Retrieved 2024-09-30.
  21. ^ a b "Victor Dzau Lecture in Global Health Equity".
  22. ^ "Victor Dzau | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation". www.healthdata.org. Retrieved 2024-10-01.
  23. ^ "Victor Dzau – Chair, SPGH IAB Board". School of Population and Global Health. Retrieved 2024-10-01.
  24. ^ "Making a lifetime of good brain health a global priority". www.heart.org. Retrieved 2024-10-01.
  25. ^ "Dr Victor Dzau". Imperial College Health Partners. Retrieved 2024-10-01.
  26. ^ "Singapore Confers Honorary Citizen Award On Professor Victor J. Dzau and Professor Sir John O'reilly".
  27. ^ "Victor Dzau and Ruth Cooper-Dzau Distinguished Lecture in Global and Population Health". School of Population and Global Health. Retrieved 2024-10-01.
  28. ^ "Victor J. Dzau Distinguished Lecture in Global Health". globalhealth.duke.edu. 2019-01-09. Retrieved 2024-10-01.
  29. ^ Watts, Geoff (2014). "Victor Dzau: Change and controversy at the Institute of Medicine". The Lancet. 383 (9936): 2203. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61073-4. PMID 24976319. S2CID 205973605.
  30. ^ "Victor J. Dzau, MD, Selected to Lead Duke University Health System". Archived from the original on 2019-05-02. Retrieved 2018-02-26.
  31. ^ Becker, Sheldon (8 March 2014). "Dr Dzau: From Cancer to Community – The Future of Healthcare Systems and Hospitals" – via Vimeo.
  32. ^ "2013 Honor Roll – Jewish Federation of Durham-Chapel Hill". Archived from the original on 2018-07-29. Retrieved 2018-03-24.
  33. ^ "Victor J. Dzau". Academia Sinica. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  34. ^ "中国工程院2019年院士增选结果" (in Chinese). Chinese Academy of Engineering. 2019-11-22. Retrieved 2020-01-19.
  35. ^ Begum, Shabana (2019-04-27). "Doctor, A*Star engineer named honorary citizens". The Straits Times. Retrieved 2020-02-21.
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