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Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower

Coordinates: 40°41′8″N 73°58′40″W / 40.68556°N 73.97778°W / 40.68556; -73.97778
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Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower
Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower (2010)
Map
Alternative names1 Hanson Place
General information
StatusCompleted
TypeResidential
Address1 Hanson Place
Brooklyn, New York 11243
Coordinates40°41′8″N 73°58′40″W / 40.68556°N 73.97778°W / 40.68556; -73.97778
OpenedApril 1929 (1929-04)
Renovated2006–2007
Height
Roof512 feet (156 m)
Technical details
Floor count37
The Tower rises over Downtown Brooklyn
Rich colors of mosaics and Chambellan's metalwork in the vestibule

The Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower, at 1 Hanson Place between Ashland Place and St. Felix Street in Brooklyn, New York City, is one of the borough's architectural icons. It was once the tallest building in the borough, at 37 stories and 512 feet (156 m) tall, but was surpassed in height by the Brooklyner, which was itself later surpassed. It is among the tallest four-sided clock towers in the world. The clock faces, 17 feet (5.2 m) in diameter, were the world's largest when they were installed. Since 2007–08, the building has been converted into luxury condominium apartments under the name 1 Hanson Place.

History

It was built in 1927–29 as the new headquarters for the Williamsburgh Savings Bank[1] by the architectural firm Halsey, McCormack and Helmer.[4] It was then owned by the bank's parent, Republic National Bank, then, via a merger, HSBC, which has since relocated across the street to 118 Flatbush Avenue. For years the building's offices were notably dentists' offices; the New York Daily News once called it "The Mecca of Dentistry".[5]

The building was declared a New York City landmark in 1977, and the interior in 1996.[1] Replacement of windows engendered a lawsuit from the Landmarks Preservation Commission that forced restoration of the original appearance of the windows.[6]

In 2005, Skylight Group One Hanson was created in conjunction with Canyon Capital Realty Advisers, as part of their massive redevelopment of the former Williamsburgh Savings Bank Building. Throughout the restoration and redevelopment of the building, the architectural prestige of its marble floors, carved teller stations, 63-foot vaulted ceiling and 40-foot mosaic of New York as a Dutch colony were preserved.[7] At the same time, Magic Johnson converted the building to luxury loft condominiums in 2006–07, and the tower houses 176 apartments with 138 distinct floor plans, from 295 square foot studios to 3,263 square foot full-floor four-bedroom units.[5] In 2008 CJ Follini and Noyack Medical Partners purchased the commercial half of the famed landmark.[8]

Architecture

The building, constructed in a modernized Byzantine-Romanesque style,[9] is located at 1 Hanson Place, at the corner of Ashland Place, near Times Plaza – the intersection of Atlantic, Flatbush, and Fourth Avenues – and close to the Atlantic Terminal mall, Atlantic Terminal LIRR station, and the Barclays Center. Despite its name, it stands in the Fort Greene/Pacific Park sections of Brooklyn rather than Williamsburg – spelled without the h[10] – where the bank's original headquarters building by George B. Post still stands. The architects' plan for the new building did not include a Renaissance style dome on top, but the bank considered a dome such as the one on the original building to be its signature and insisted on one being added – chief architect Robert Helmer noted: "Dome was required by Bank over our dead protests"[11] – with the familiar phallic result: the AIA Guide to New York City calls it "New York's most exuberant phallic symbol."[9]

The tower was built with a vast, vaulted banking hall, 63 feet (19 m) high, one of the most famous interiors in New York, facing with limestone and marbles, with mosaics and huge tinted windows containing silhouetted iron cutouts with vignettes of workers, students etc.[12] Above were two floors of banking offices. The rest of the balanced though not symmetrical vertical massing of staggered setbacks[13] in buff-colored brick and architectural terracotta contained rental office spaces.

On the exterior a highly polished shoulder-height dado, veneered with veined and colored Minnesota granite,[14] presents a glistening variegated surface to the pedestrian passing at close distance and offers a discreet inscription near a corner:

TO OUR DEPOSITORS PAST AND PRESENT THIS BUILDING IS DEDICATED. BY THEIR INDUSTRY AND THRIFT THEY HAVE BUILT HOMES AND EDUCATED CHILDREN, OPENED THE DOOR OF OPPORTUNITY TO YOUTH AND MADE AGE COMFORTABLE INDEPENDENT AND DIGNIFIED. BY THOSE STURDY VIRTUES THEY HAVE OBTAINED THEIR AMBITIONS, SWEPT ASIDE THE PETTY DISTINCTIONS OF CLASS AND BIRTH AND SO MAINTAINED THE TRUE SPIRIT OF AMERICAN DEMOCRACY

Carved details around the windows are appealingly symbolic, in the vein of architecture parlante, speaking of the values of thrift with beehives, squirrels that store nuts, the head of Mercury, god of Commerce, wise owls, and seated lions whose paws protect the bank's lockbox, with the bank's monogram on the lock haft. Embedded in the ashlar wall face above are square basreliefs, one on the right of a burglar, whom the depositor understood would be thwarted by the extremely massive 60-ton[11] vault doors in the basement, which stood open for inspection during banking hours.

Chief architect Helmer wrote at the time of the building's opening that he wanted the building "to be regarded as a cathedral dedicated to the furtherance of thrift and prosperity."[11] Inside, the low vaulted ceiling of the narthex-like vestibule is mosaiced with tesserae that vary from gray-blue to the most intense turquoise and ultramarine. Glass doors applied with wrought iron screens by René Chambellan depicting the artisan trades open to the vast limestone banking hall, 128 feet (39 m) long,[15] with a central nave divided from side aisles by Romanesque columns with cast-stone capitals. Friezes carved in the two-plane relief manner of Lombard Comacine masons, of foliate scrolls with animal heads, inhabited with human and animal figures, relieve the masonry walls. The ceiling vaults glitter with mosaics of tesserae of gold leaf under glass, embedded with moulded stars and showing the constellations of the Zodiac. The floor is inlaid with various colored marbles in the Cosmatesque manner. At the far end a giant mosaic panel gives a bird's-eye view of Breuckelen with Manhattan in the distance beyond and the Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower illuminated in a shaft of sunlight.

The building features a gilded copper dome; carved lions, turtles and birds on the exterior; and a marble banking hall on the ground floor with 63-foot (19 m) vaulted ceilings, 40-foot (12 m) windows and elaborate mosaics; and two abandoned public observation decks with signage describing the Battle of Brooklyn.[16][17]

Author Jonathan Ames created a "Most Phallic Building" contest which followed an article he wrote for Slate magazine, in which he claimed that the Tower was the most phallic building he'd ever seen.[18] The character of the same name in his HBO show Bored to Death moves into the building in the third season.

The tower or its interior has been seen in the films Prizzi's Honor, Catch Me if You Can, the music video "Empire State of Mind", and the TV shows Pan Am, Law & Order, Bored to Death, White Collar, Gossip Girl, and Boardwalk Empire.

  • Lions guard the door
    Lions guard the door
  • Burglar inset on facade
    Burglar inset on facade
  • Rene Chambellan wrought-iron gates
    Rene Chambellan wrought-iron gates
  • Rene Chambellan's metal window silhouettes
    Rene Chambellan's metal window silhouettes
  • Globe light fixtures and vestibule mosaics
    Globe light fixtures and vestibule mosaics
  • Interior with Breuckelen mosaic
    Interior with Breuckelen mosaic
  • Mezzanine
    Mezzanine
  • Romanesque columns and the vault mosaics
    Romanesque columns and the vault mosaics

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission; Dolkart, Andrew S.; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). Guide to New York City Landmarks (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-28963-1., p.246
  2. ^ Landmarks Preservation Commission July 19, 1994 accessed 13 January 2010
  3. ^ "Lehman College Art Gallery: Architecture/Emigrant Savings Bank".
  4. ^ The architectural and real estate development firm formed in 1920 by the developer Hayward S. Halsey with Thomas Bruce Boyd was renamed Halsey, Cormack and Helmer in 1925, when Halsey took into partnership the well-connected former banker George H. McCormack, and the architect Robert Helmer, who was primarily responsible for the design office.[2] The firm made a reputation for their moderately progressive bank buildings; aside from the Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower, they are noted for the Dollar Savings Bank, on the Bronx's Grand Concourse (1932–33, landmarked 1994)[3] and Greenwich Savings Bank, 3–5 West 57th Street (1947); the firm was absorbed by Mancini•Duffy in 1967.
  5. ^ a b "BANK ON CONDOS NBA GREAT IN $71M TOWER DEAL". NY Daily News.
  6. ^ Christopher Gray, "Streetscapes: Williamsburgh Savings Bank; Resolving the Case of Missing Muntins", The New York Times, 12 November 1989.
  7. ^ "A Landmark Restored, From Mosaic Marble Floor to Grand Dome", The New York Times", March 13, 2014
  8. ^ "Noyack Medical Partners Snags Office Condo". Daily News.
  9. ^ a b White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19538-386-7., p. 637
  10. ^ . The City of Williamsburgh was annexed by the City of Brooklyn in 1854, and the resulting neighborhood came to be called "Williamsburg", without the h.
  11. ^ a b c Newman, Andy. "A Tower of Dentists Wears a Golden Crown" The New York Times (September 20, 2002) accessed 13 January 2010
  12. ^ Friedman, Joe. Inside New York: Discovering the Classic Interiors of New York 1998; 26, 125.
  13. ^ "By the end of the 1920s the setback skyscraper, originally built in response to a New York zoning code, became a style that caught on from Chicago to Shanghai," observe Eric Peter Nash and Norman McGrath, discussing the "Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower" in Manhattan Skyscrapers 2005:55.
  14. ^ Kahn, Eve M. "Profiting from History", Period Homes (November 2008)
  15. ^ Nash and McGrath.
  16. ^ "Lessons on Abandoned Observation Decks - part 1". All City New York. Retrieved 2009-12-15.
  17. ^ "Lessons on Abandoned Observation Decks - part 2". All City New York. Retrieved 2009-12-23.
  18. ^ Ames, Jonathan. "Entry 4" Slate (July 17, 2003)

Sources

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