Jump to content

Coronavirus diseases

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the disease involved in the pandemic since 2019, see COVID-19.

Coronaviruses
HCoV-229E virus
Types
Diseases
Vaccines
Epidemics and pandemics
See also
Structural view of a coronavirus

Coronavirus diseases are caused by viruses in the coronavirus subfamily, a group of related RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. In humans and birds, the group of viruses cause respiratory tract infections that can range from mild to lethal. Mild illnesses in humans include some cases of the common cold (which is also caused by other viruses, predominantly rhinoviruses),[1][2] while more lethal varieties can cause SARS, MERS and COVID-19.[3][4] As of 2021, 45 species are registered as coronaviruses,[5] whilst 11 diseases have been identified, as listed below.

Coronaviruses are known for their shape resembling a stellar corona, such as that of the Sun visible during a total solar eclipse; corona is derived from Latin corōna 'garland, wreath, crown'.[6] It was coined by Tony Waterson (professor of virology at St Thomas' Hospital)[7][8][9] in a meeting with his colleagues June Almeida and David Tyrrell, the founding fathers of coronavirus studies, and was first used in a Nature article in 1968,[10] with approval by the International Committee for the Nomenclature of Viruses three years later.[11]

The first coronavirus disease was discovered in the late 1920s. Coronaviridae were generally of limited interest to the wider scientific community, until the appearance of SARS. Human coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s, through a variety of experiments in the United States and the United Kingdom.[12] A common origin in human coronaviruses is bats.[13]

List

[edit]
Further information: Coronavirus infection in humans and Novel coronavirus
Coronavirus diseases
Host organism Disease Pathogen Year of Discovery Details
Birds Avian infectious bronchitis Avian coronavirus (IBV) 1920s[14] (isolated in 1938)[15] Discovered in North America.[14]
Pigs, dogs, cats Enteritis Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) 1946 (isolated in 1965)[16] Infects pigs,[16] cats,[17] and dogs.[18]
Humans Common cold Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV‑229E) 1930s (isolated in 1965)[19] Possibly originated from bats.[20]
Mice, rats Encephalitis MHV-JHM, a strain of murine coronavirus (M‑CoV) named after John Howard Mueller.[21] 1949[22]
Humans Common cold Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV‑OC43) 1967[23] Possibly originated from rodents, then jumped through cattle to humans.[24]
Pigs Enteritis Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) 1971[25] Infects pigs.
Caused outbreaks in 1972[26] and 1978,[27] 2010, 2013, 2014, and 2015.[28]
Dogs Enteritis Canine coronavirus (CCoV) 1971
Cats Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) Feline coronavirus (FCoV)
Cattle Enteritis Bovine coronavirus (BCV or BCoV)
Humans Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‑CoV or SARS‑CoV‑1), a strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus (SARSr‑CoV) 2002 Discovered in Foshan, China.[29]
Caused the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak.
Possibly originated from horseshoe bats.[30]
Humans Common cold Human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV‑HKU1) 2004 Discovered in Hong Kong, China.[31]
Humans Common cold Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV‑NL63) 2004 Discovered in Amsterdam, Netherlands.[32]
Possibly originated from tricolored bats.[33]
Chinese bulbuls Bulbul coronavirus HKU11 (BulbulCoV‑HKU11) 2008 Discovered in Hong Kong, China.[34][35]
Humans Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) Middle East respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus (MERS‑CoV) 2012 Discovered in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.[36]
Caused outbreaks in 2012, 2015, and 2018.
Pigs Enteritis Porcine coronavirus HKU15 (PorCov‑HKU15) 2014 Discovered in Hong Kong, China.[37]
Humans Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), a strain of SARSr‑CoV 2019 Discovered in Wuhan, China.[38][39]
Caused the COVID-19 pandemic.
Possibly originated from pangolins, horseshoe bats, or both.[40]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Al-Juhaishi, Atheer Majid Rashid; Aziz, Noor D. (12 September 2022). "Safety and Efficacy of antiviral drugs against covid-19 infection: an updated systemic review". Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal. 1 (2): 45–55. doi:10.55940/medphar20226. ISSN 2957-6067. S2CID 252960321.
  2. ^ Palmenberg AC, Spiro D, Kuzmickas R, Wang S, Djikeng A, Rathe JA, Fraser-Liggett CM, Liggett SB (2009). "Sequencing and Analyses of All Known Human Rhinovirus Genomes Reveals Structure and Evolution". Science. 324 (5923). American Association for the Advancement of Science: 55–59. Bibcode:2009Sci...324...55P. doi:10.1126/science.1165557. PMC 3923423. PMID 19213880.
  3. ^ Alfarouk, Khalid O.; AlHoufie, Sari T. S.; Ahmed, Samrein B. M.; Shabana, Mona; Ahmed, Ahmed; Alqahtani, Saad S.; Alqahtani, Ali S.; Alqahtani, Ali M.; Ramadan, AbdelRahman M.; Ahmed, Mohamed E.; Ali, Heyam S.; Bashir, Adil; Devesa, Jesus; Cardone, Rosa A.; Ibrahim, Muntaser E.; Schwartz, Laurent; Reshkin, Stephan J. (21 May 2021). "Pathogenesis and Management of COVID-19". Journal of Xenobiotics. 11 (2): 77–93. doi:10.3390/jox11020006. PMC 8163157. PMID 34063739.
  4. ^ "Common Human Coronaviruses". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 27 May 2020. Archived from the original on 11 April 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  5. ^ "Taxonomy". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. International Union of Microbiological Societies. Archived from the original on 20 March 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
  6. ^ "Definition of corona". Dictionary.com. Section Behind the Word. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  7. ^ "Europe PMC". europepmc.org. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  8. ^ "The woman who discovered the first coronavirus". BBC News. 14 April 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  9. ^ Group, British Medical Journal Publishing (6 January 1979). "Medicine and Books". Br Med J. 1 (6155): 45–50. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.6155.45. ISSN 0007-1447. PMID 21009845. S2CID 220232641. {{cite journal}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  10. ^ Almeida JD, Berry DM, Cunningham CH, Hamre D, Hofstad MS, Mallucci L, McIntosh K, Tyrrell DA (November 1968). "Virology: Coronaviruses". Nature. 220 (5168): 650. Bibcode:1968Natur.220..650.. doi:10.1038/220650b0. PMC 7086490. [T]here is also a characteristic "fringe" of projections 200 A long, which are rounded or petal shaped ... This appearance, recalling the solar corona, is shared by mouse hepatitis virus and several viruses recently recovered from man, namely strain B814, 229E and several others.
  11. ^ Lalchhandama K (2020). "The chronicles of coronaviruses: the bronchitis, the hepatitis and the common cold". Science Vision. 20 (1): 43–53. doi:10.33493/scivis.20.01.04.
  12. ^ Monto AS (1984). "Coronaviruses". In Evans AS (ed.). Viral Infections of Humans. Springer US. pp. 151–165. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-4727-9_7. ISBN 978-1-4684-4727-9. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  13. ^ Forni D, Cagliani R, Clerici M, Sironi M (January 2017). "Molecular Evolution of Human Coronavirus Genomes". Trends in Microbiology. 25 (1): 35–48. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2016.09.001. PMC 7111218. PMID 27743750. Specifically, all HCoVs are thought to have a bat origin, with the exception of lineage A beta-CoVs, which may have reservoirs in rodents [2].
  14. ^ a b Estola, T. (1970). "Coronaviruses, a New Group of Animal RNA Viruses". Avian Diseases. 14 (2): 330–336. doi:10.2307/1588476. ISSN 0005-2086. JSTOR 1588476. PMID 4316767.
  15. ^ Bushnell, L. D.; Brandly, C. A. (1 January 1933). "Laryngotracheitis in Chicks*". Poultry Science. 12 (1): 55–60. doi:10.3382/ps.0120055. ISSN 0032-5791.
  16. ^ a b Doyle, L. P.; Hutchings, L. M. (1946). "A transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 108: 257–259. ISSN 0003-1488. PMID 21020443. Archived from the original on 21 December 2020. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  17. ^ Wolfe, L. G.; Griesemer, R. A. (1966). "Feline infectious peritonitis". Pathologia Veterinaria. 3 (3): 255–270. doi:10.1177/030098586600300309. ISSN 0031-2975. PMID 5958991. S2CID 12930790.
  18. ^ Binn, L. N.; Lazar, E. C.; Keenan, K. P.; Huxsoll, D. L.; Marchwicki, R. H.; Strano, A. J. (1974). "Recovery and characterization of a coronavirus from military dogs with diarrhea". Proceedings, Annual Meeting of the United States Animal Health Association (78): 359–366. ISSN 0082-8750. PMID 4377955. Archived from the original on 21 December 2020. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  19. ^ "COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic". FPM. 6 April 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  20. ^ Tao, Ying; Shi, Mang; Chommanard, Christina; Queen, Krista; Zhang, Jing; Markotter, Wanda; Kuzmin, Ivan V.; Holmes, Edward C.; Tong, Suxiang (1 March 2017). "Surveillance of Bat Coronaviruses in Kenya Identifies Relatives of Human Coronaviruses NL63 and 229E and Their Recombination History". Journal of Virology. 91 (5). doi:10.1128/JVI.01953-16. ISSN 1098-5514. PMC 5309958. PMID 28077633.
  21. ^ Pappenheimer, Alwin M. (1 May 1958). "Pathology of Infection with the JHM Virus". JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 20 (5): 879–891. doi:10.1093/jnci/20.5.879. ISSN 0027-8874. PMID 13539633. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
  22. ^ Cheever, F. Sargent; Daniels, Joan B.; Pappenheimer, Alwin M.; Bailey, Orville T. (31 August 1949). "A murine virus (JHM) causing disseminated encephalomyelitis with extensive destruction of myelin". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 90 (3): 181–194. doi:10.1084/jem.90.3.181. ISSN 0022-1007. PMC 2135905. PMID 18137294.
  23. ^ McIntosh, K; Becker, WB; Chanock, RM (24 October 1967). "Growth in suckling-mouse brain of "IBV-like" viruses from patients with upper respiratory tract disease". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 58 (6): 2268–73. Bibcode:1967PNAS...58.2268M. doi:10.1073/pnas.58.6.2268. PMC 223830. PMID 4298953.
  24. ^ Forni, Diego; Cagliani, Rachele; Clerici, Mario; Sironi, Manuela (2017). "Molecular Evolution of Human Coronavirus Genomes". Trends in Microbiology. 25 (1): 35–48. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2016.09.001. ISSN 0966-842X. PMC 7111218. PMID 27743750.
  25. ^ Oldham, J (1972). "Letter to the editor". Pig Farming. 72 (October Suppl): 72–73.
  26. ^ Pensaert, Maurice B.; Martelli, Paolo (2 December 2016). "Porcine epidemic diarrhea: A retrospect from Europe and matters of debate". Virus Research. 226: 1–6. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2016.05.030. ISSN 0168-1702. PMC 7132433. PMID 27317168.
  27. ^ Wood, E. N. (19 March 1977). "An apparently new syndrome of porcine epidemic diarrhoea". Veterinary Record. 100 (12): 243–244. doi:10.1136/vr.100.12.243 (inactive 12 April 2024). ISSN 0042-4900. PMID 888300. S2CID 45192183. Archived from the original on 21 December 2020. Retrieved 8 November 2020.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 (link)
  28. ^ Antas, Marta; Woźniakowski, Grzegorz (24 October 2019). "Current Status of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea (PED) in European Pigs". Journal of Veterinary Research. 63 (4): 465–470. doi:10.2478/jvetres-2019-0064. ISSN 2450-7393. PMC 6950429. PMID 31934654.
  29. ^ "A Chronicle on the SARS Epidemic". Chinese Law & Government. 36 (4): 12–15. July–August 2003. doi:10.2753/CLG0009-4609360412. ISSN 0009-4609. S2CID 219305114. Archived from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  30. ^ McKie, Robin (10 December 2017). "Scientists trace 2002 Sars virus to colony of cave-dwelling bats in China". The Observer. ISSN 0029-7712. Archived from the original on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  31. ^ Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Chu, Chung-ming; Chan, Kwok-hung; Tsoi, Hoi-wah; Huang, Yi; Wong, Beatrice H. L.; Poon, Rosana W. S.; Cai, James J.; Luk, Wei-kwang; Poon, Leo L. M. (2005). "Characterization and Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Coronavirus, Coronavirus HKU1, from Patients with Pneumonia". Journal of Virology. 79 (2): 884–895. doi:10.1128/JVI.79.2.884-895.2005. ISSN 0022-538X. PMC 538593. PMID 15613317.
  32. ^ Abdul-Rasool, Sahar; Fielding, Burtram C (25 May 2010). "Understanding Human Coronavirus HCoV-NL63". The Open Virology Journal. 4: 76–84. doi:10.2174/1874357901004010076 (inactive 12 April 2024). ISSN 1874-3579. PMC 2918871. PMID 20700397.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 (link)
  33. ^ Huynh, Jeremy; Li, Shimena; Yount, Boyd; Smith, Alexander; Sturges, Leslie; Olsen, John C.; Nagel, Juliet; Johnson, Joshua B.; Agnihothram, Sudhakar; Gates, J. Edward; Frieman, Matthew B. (2012). "Evidence supporting a zoonotic origin of human coronavirus strain NL63". Journal of Virology. 86 (23): 12816–12825. doi:10.1128/JVI.00906-12. ISSN 1098-5514. PMC 3497669. PMID 22993147.
  34. ^ Woo, P.C.; Lau, S.K.; Lam, C.S.; Lai, K.K.; Huang, Y.; Lee, P.; Luk, G.S.; Dyrting, K.C.; Chan, K.H.; Yuen, K.Y. (2008). "Comparative analysis of complete genome sequences of three avian coronaviruses reveals a novel group 3c coronavirus". J. Virol. 83 (2): 908–917. doi:10.1128/jvi.01977-08. PMC 2612373. PMID 18971277.
  35. ^ Woo, PC; Lau, SK; Lam, CS; Lau, CC; Tsang, AK; Lau, JH; Bai, R; Teng, JL; Tsang, CC; Wang, M; Zheng, BJ; Chan, KH; Yuen, KY (April 2012). "Discovery of seven novel Mammalian and avian coronaviruses in the genus deltacoronavirus supports bat coronaviruses as the gene source of alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus and avian coronaviruses as the gene source of gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus". J Virol. 86 (7): 3995–4008. doi:10.1128/JVI.06540-11. PMC 3302495. PMID 22278237.
  36. ^ "ECDC Rapid Risk Assessment – Severe respiratory disease associated with a novel coronavirus" (PDF). 19 February 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 May 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
  37. ^ Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Lam, Carol S. F.; Lau, Candy C. Y.; Tsang, Alan K. L.; Lau, John H. N.; Bai, Ru; Teng, Jade L. L.; Tsang, Chris C. C.; Wang, Ming; Zheng, Bo-Jian (2012). "Discovery of Seven Novel Mammalian and Avian Coronaviruses in the Genus Deltacoronavirus Supports Bat Coronaviruses as the Gene Source of Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus and Avian Coronaviruses as the Gene Source of Gammacoronavirus and Deltacoronavirus". Journal of Virology. 86 (7): 3995–4008. doi:10.1128/JVI.06540-11. ISSN 0022-538X. PMC 3302495. PMID 22278237.
  38. ^ Zhou, P.; Yang, X. L.; Wang, X. G.; Hu, B.; Zhang, L.; Zhang, W.; et al. (March 2020). "A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin". Nature. 579 (7798): 270–273. Bibcode:2020Natur.579..270Z. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7. PMC 7095418. PMID 32015507.
  39. ^ "WHO | Novel Coronavirus – China". WHO. Archived from the original on 23 January 2020. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
  40. ^ Lau, Susanna K.P.; Luk, Hayes K.H.; Wong, Antonio C.P.; Li, Kenneth S.M.; Zhu, Longchao; He, Zirong; Fung, Joshua; Chan, Tony T.Y.; Fung, Kitty S.C.; Woo, Patrick C.Y. (2020). "Possible Bat Origin of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 26 (7): 1542–1547. doi:10.3201/eid2607.200092. ISSN 1080-6040. PMC 7323513. PMID 32315281.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coronavirus_diseases&oldid=1240573236"