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Middleton's ancestors include her great great grandfather, politician [[Lupton family|Francis Martineau Lupton]] (1848–1921), whose first cousin, [[Martineau family|Sir Thomas Martineau]], was reported in June 2014 as being the uncle of [[World War II]] [[Prime Minister]] [[Neville Chamberlain]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wharton|first1=Jane|title=Kate Middleton is a Brummie and related to a former Prime Minister|url=http://www.express.co.uk/news/royal/479939/Kate-Middleton-is-a-Brummie-and-related-to-Neville-Chamberlain|newspaper=UK Daily Express |page =3|date= 3 June 2014|accessdate=8 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=London|first1=Bianca|title=Historian discovers the Duchess of Cambridge is descended from Birmingham's most notable families|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2647064/Kate-Middleton-Brummie-Historian-Duchess-Cambridge-descended-Birminghams-notable-families.html|newspaper=UK Daily Mail|date= 4 June 2014|accessdate=8 November 2014|quote=Kate's great great grandfather was Francis Martineau Lupton, a politician himself, and his first cousin was Birmingham Mayor Sir Thomas Martineau, a friend of Queen Victoria. Sir Thomas's nephew was Neville Chamberlain.}}</ref> Other ancestors are [[Thomas Fairfax (Gilling)|Sir Thomas Fairfax]] (1475–1520), whose wife [[Anne Gascoigne]] was a descendant of [[Edward III of England|King Edward III]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Adolph|first=Anthony|title=Princess Catherine|url=http://anthonyadolph.co.uk/princess-catherine/|accessdate=5 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Rayner|first=Gordon|title=Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended coronation of George V|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/kate-middleton/10307469/Middle-class-Duchess-of-Cambridges-relative-wore-crown-and-attended-George-Vs-coronation.html|work=|newspaper=UK Daily Telegraph|accessdate=25 January 2014|quote=Michael Middleton is a direct descendant of Edward III}}</ref> Ancestors through her maternal line include [[Conyers Baronets|Sir Thomas Conyers, 9th Baronet]] (1731–1810), who was a descendant of [[Edward IV]] through his illegitimate daughter Elizabeth Plantaganet.<ref>{{cite web|first=Christopher C.|last=Child|title=A Gratifying Discovery: Connecting Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, to Sir Thomas Conyers, 9th Bt. of Horden, Durham |url=http://www.americanancestors.org/uploadedFiles/American_Ancestors/Content/Publications/American_Ancestors_Magazine/Magazine_PDFs/12-4_lores.pdf|pages=35–36|work=American Ancestors|publisher=New England Historic Genealogical Society |date=Fall 2011|accessdate=10 November 2013}}</ref> [[Thomas Davis (clergyman)|The Rev. Thomas Davis]], a [[Church of England]] [[clergy]]man and hymn-writer, is also an ancestor; his granddaughter Olive Christiana Lupton being the paternal grandmother of Middleton's father, Michael.<ref>{{cite web |last=Lundy |first=Darryl |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p20166.htm#i201653 |title= Reverend Thomas Davis |publisher=[http://www.thepeerage.com The Peerage]|accessdate=23 March 2011}}{{Verify credibility|failed=y |date=August 2012}}<!--Lundy is not a reliable source so cite Lundy's reliable source See [[WP:SAYWHEREYOUREADIT]]--></ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Lundy |first=Darryl |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p20099.htm#i200982 |title= Olive Christiana Lupton |publisher=[http://www.thepeerage.com The Peerage]|accessdate=23 March 2011}}{{Verify credibility|failed=y |date=August 2012}}<!--Lundy is not a reliable source so cite Lundy's reliable source See [[WP:SAYWHEREYOUREADIT]]--></ref> {{Ahnentafel top|width=100%}}
Middleton's ancestors include her great great grandfather, politician [[Lupton family|Francis Martineau Lupton]] (1848–1921), whose first cousin, [[Martineau family|Sir Thomas Martineau]], was reported in June 2014 as being the uncle of [[World War II]] [[Prime Minister]] [[Neville Chamberlain]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wharton|first1=Jane|title=Kate Middleton is a Brummie and related to a former Prime Minister|url=http://www.express.co.uk/news/royal/479939/Kate-Middleton-is-a-Brummie-and-related-to-Neville-Chamberlain|newspaper=UK Daily Express |page =3|date= 3 June 2014|accessdate=8 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=London|first1=Bianca|title=Historian discovers the Duchess of Cambridge is descended from Birmingham's most notable families|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2647064/Kate-Middleton-Brummie-Historian-Duchess-Cambridge-descended-Birminghams-notable-families.html|newspaper=UK Daily Mail|date= 4 June 2014|accessdate=8 November 2014|quote=Kate's great great grandfather was Francis Martineau Lupton, a politician himself, and his first cousin was Birmingham Mayor Sir Thomas Martineau, a friend of Queen Victoria. Sir Thomas's nephew was Neville Chamberlain.}}</ref> Other ancestors are [[Thomas Fairfax (Gilling)|Sir Thomas Fairfax]] (1475–1520), whose wife [[Anne Gascoigne]] was a descendant of [[Edward III of England|King Edward III]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Adolph|first=Anthony|title=Princess Catherine|url=http://anthonyadolph.co.uk/princess-catherine/|accessdate=5 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Rayner|first=Gordon|title=Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended coronation of George V|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/kate-middleton/10307469/Middle-class-Duchess-of-Cambridges-relative-wore-crown-and-attended-George-Vs-coronation.html|work=|newspaper=UK Daily Telegraph|accessdate=25 January 2014|quote=Michael Middleton is a direct descendant of Edward III}}</ref> Ancestors through her maternal line include [[Conyers Baronets|Sir Thomas Conyers, 9th Baronet]] (1731–1810), who was a descendant of [[Edward IV]] through his illegitimate daughter Elizabeth Plantaganet.<ref>{{cite web|first=Christopher C.|last=Child|title=A Gratifying Discovery: Connecting Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, to Sir Thomas Conyers, 9th Bt. of Horden, Durham |url=http://www.americanancestors.org/uploadedFiles/American_Ancestors/Content/Publications/American_Ancestors_Magazine/Magazine_PDFs/12-4_lores.pdf|pages=35–36|work=American Ancestors|publisher=New England Historic Genealogical Society |date=Fall 2011|accessdate=10 November 2013}}</ref> [[Thomas Davis (clergyman)|The Rev. Thomas Davis]], a [[Church of England]] [[clergy]]man and hymn-writer, is also an ancestor; his granddaughter Olive Christiana Lupton being the paternal grandmother of Middleton's father, Michael.<ref>{{cite web |last=Lundy |first=Darryl |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p20166.htm#i201653 |title= Reverend Thomas Davis |publisher=[http://www.thepeerage.com The Peerage]|accessdate=23 March 2011}}{{Verify credibility|failed=y |date=August 2012}}<!--Lundy is not a reliable source so cite Lundy's reliable source See [[WP:SAYWHEREYOUREADIT]]--></ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Lundy |first=Darryl |url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p20099.htm#i200982 |title= Olive Christiana Lupton |publisher=[http://www.thepeerage.com The Peerage]|accessdate=23 March 2011}}{{Verify credibility|failed=y |date=August 2012}}<!--Lundy is not a reliable source so cite Lundy's reliable source See [[WP:SAYWHEREYOUREADIT]]--></ref> {{Ahnentafel top|width=100%}}
<center>{{ahnentafel-compact5
|style=font-size: 90%; line-height: 110%;
− <center>{{ahnentafel-compact5
|border=1
− |style=font-size: 90%; line-height: 110%;
|boxstyle=padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0;
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
− |border=1
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
− |boxstyle=padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|1= 1. '''Philippa Charlotte Middleton'''
− |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|2= 2. [[Michael Francis Middleton]]
|3= 3. [[Carole Middleton|Carole Goldsmith]]
− |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|4= 4. [[Peter Francis Middleton]]
|5= 5. [[Valerie Glassborow]]
− |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|6= 6. Ronald Goldsmith
|7= 7. Dorothy Harrison
− |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|8= 8. [[Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge|Richard Noel Middleton]]
|9= 9. [[Lupton family|Olive Christiana Lupton]]
− |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|10= 10. Frederick George Glassborow
|11= 11. Constance Robison
− |1= 1. '''Philippa Charlotte Middleton'''
|12= 12. Stephen Charles Goldsmith
|13= 13. Edith Eliza Chandler
− |2= 2. [[Michael Francis Middleton]]
|14= 14. Thomas Harrison
|15= 15. Elizabeth Temple
− |3= 3. [[Carole Middleton|Carole Goldsmith]]
|16= 16. John Middleton
|17= 17. Mary Asquith
− |4= 4. [[Peter Francis Middleton]]
|18= 18. Francis Martineau Lupton
|19= 19. Harriet Albina Davis
− |5= 5. [[Valerie Glassborow]]
|20= 20. Frederick Glassborow
|21= 21. Emily Jane Elliott
− |6= 6. Ronald Goldsmith
|22= 22. Gavin Fullarton Robison
|23= 23. Sarah Ann Gee
− |7= 7. Dorothy Harrison
|24= 24. John Goldsmith
|25= 25. Jane Dorsett
− |8= 8. [[Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge|Richard Noel Middleton]]
|26= 26. Theophilus Benjamin Chandler
|27= 27. Amelia White
− |9= 9. [[Lupton family|Olive Christiana Lupton]]
|28= 28. John Harrison
|29= 29. Jane Hill
− |10= 10. Frederick George Glassborow
|30= 30. Thomas Temple
|31= 31. Elizabeth Myers
− |11= 11. Constance Robison
}}</center>
{{Ahnentafel bottom}}
− |12= 12. Stephen Charles Goldsmith

− |13= 13. Edith Eliza Chandler
− |14= 14. Thomas Harrison
− |15= 15. Elizabeth Temple
− |16= 16. John Middleton
− |17= 17. Mary Asquith
− |18= 18. Francis Martineau Lupton
− |19= 19. Harriet Albina Davis
− |20= 20. Frederick Glassborow
− |21= 21. Emily Jane Elliott
− |22= 22. Gavin Fullarton Robison
− |23= 23. Sarah Ann Gee
− |24= 24. John Goldsmith
− |25= 25. Jane Dorsett
− |26= 26. Theophilus Benjamin Chandler
− |27= 27. Amelia White
− |28= 28. John Harrison
− |29= 29. Jane Hill
− |30= 30. Thomas Temple
− |31= 31. Elizabeth Myers
− }}</center>
− {{Ahnentafel bottom}}
==Film==
==Film==
In ''[[William & Kate]]'', a television movie released on 18 April 2011 about her sister's romance, the part of Middleton was played by Mary Elise Hayden.<ref>{{IMDb title|1831829|William and Kate}} Retrieved 19 February 2011.</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Magrath|first=Andrea|title=First Look: The actors portraying William and Kate in TV movie in character as the royal couple... but doesn't he look more like Harry?|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1359114/Prince-William-Kate-Middleton-actors-seen-time-royal-couple.html?ito=feeds-newsxml|accessdate=9 May 2011|newspaper=Daily Mail|date=21 February 2011|location=London}}</ref>
In ''[[William & Kate]]'', a television movie released on 18 April 2011 about her sister's romance, the part of Middleton was played by Mary Elise Hayden.<ref>{{IMDb title|1831829|William and Kate}} Retrieved 19 February 2011.</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Magrath|first=Andrea|title=First Look: The actors portraying William and Kate in TV movie in character as the royal couple... but doesn't he look more like Harry?|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1359114/Prince-William-Kate-Middleton-actors-seen-time-royal-couple.html?ito=feeds-newsxml|accessdate=9 May 2011|newspaper=Daily Mail|date=21 February 2011|location=London}}</ref>

Revision as of 00:24, 2 October 2015

Pippa Middleton
Middleton at the wedding of Lady Melissa Percy in June 2013
Born
Philippa Charlotte Middleton

(1983-09-06) 6 September 1983 (age 41)
Reading, Berkshire, England
Alma materUniversity of Edinburgh[1]
Occupation(s)Socialite, author, columnist
Known forYounger sister of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge
Parents
Relatives

Philippa Charlotte "Pippa" Middleton (/ˈpɪpə ˈmɪdəltən/; born 6 September 1983)[2][3] is an English socialite, author, columnist, and the younger sister of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge. Middleton began receiving media attention with her appearance as the maid of honour at her sister's wedding to Prince William in 2011, and has continued to do so for her fashion sense and personal relationships. In the United Kingdom, the name 'Philippa' is often shortened to 'Pippa' as an informal nickname or petname.

Early life, inherited wealth and parents' business success

See also: Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge and Lupton family

Philippa 'Pippa' Middleton is the second of three children born to Michael Middleton, a former British Airways flight dispatcher, and Carole Middleton (née Goldsmith), a former flight attendant.[4][5][6] She was christened at St Andrew's Bradfield, Berkshire.[7]

Parents

Middleton's father, Michael, was born in 1949 in Leeds - now in West Yorkshire,[8] and his grandmother, Olive Middleton, belonged to the Lupton family who, according to the City of Leeds archives, were "woollen manufacturers and landed gentry; a business and political dynasty"; previously unpublished pictures revealed in March 2015 that Olive Middleton had grown up on her family's Potternewton Hall Estate alongside her cousin, Baroness von Schunck, née Kate Lupton.[9][10][11][12][13] Baroness Airedale - the daughter of Baroness von Schunck - later lived at nearby Gledhow Hall Estate.[14][15] A BBC documentary reported in 2014 that Gledhow Hall had been visited in 1885 by King Edward VII - at that time the Prince of Wales.[16]

The family of Middleton's mother, Carole, are from London. Carole's ancestors worked as labourers and miners in County Durham.[17]

Middleton's father had inherited large trust funds from his grandmother Olive Middleton.[18][19][20][21] These funds enabled the Middleton family tradition of both private schooling and an "Oxbridge" university education to continue; Michael Middleton's father, Peter Middleton, was educated at Oxford University.[22] Added to this wealth was Michael Middleton's wife's success as a businesswoman. In the mid-1980s, when her two eldest children were at a nursery school and the family was in Bradfield Southend, Carole Middleton set up Party Pieces, a company that began by making party bags and went on to sell party supplies and decorations by mail order. By 1995, both of Middleton's parents were directors and managers of the firm which had become so successful that it had moved into a range of farm buildings at Ashampstead Common,[23][24] The company's success, along with the inherited Middleton wealth, has meant that Middleton's parents are reported to be millionaires.[25] While at Bradfield Southend, Middleton and her sister were members of the local St Andrew's Brownie pack.[26]

Education

In 1995, her family moved to Bucklebury, Berkshire.[23][27] Like her sister, Middleton was first educated at St Andrew's School, Pangbourne and Downe House School, a girls' day and boarding school in Cold Ash. She attended Marlborough College on a sports/all-rounder scholarship.[28][29] Middleton then graduated from the University of Edinburgh with an English literature degree,[30] where she shared a house with Lord Edward Innes-Ker, a son of the Duke of Roxburghe, and with Earl Percy, heir apparent of the Duke of Northumberland.[30]

By 2012, Middleton's parents were the owners of Bucklebury Manor, a Georgian mansion on an estate of some 18 acres. Middleton's nephew, Prince George, spent his first few weeks at Bucklebury Manor. [31]

Career

Following her graduation, Middleton briefly worked in 2008 at a public relations firm promoting luxury products. She then took on an events management job with Table Talk, a company based in London that organises corporate events and parties.[28][32] Also in 2008, Tatler magazine named Middleton "the Number 1 Society Singleton", ahead of singer-songwriter James Blunt and Princess Eugenie of York,[33] although in the same Tatler article she was described as someone who "goes to a lot of parties, but mainly as the caterer." Since then, she has often been described as a socialite.[34] As part of a duo with her older sister, Middleton has received wide press coverage, focusing on her social life and her lifestyle.[35][36] In April 2012, Time magazine listed Middleton as one of the 100 most influential people in the world.[37]

Middleton currently works part-time for her parents' company Party Pieces, editing the web magazine Party Times.[28][38]

Penguin Books paid Middleton a £400,000 advance for a book on party planning. The book, entitled Celebrate, was published in autumn 2012, and had lower than anticipated sales as many reviewers mocked it for the obviousness of its content.[39][40] Middleton said that she was not using a ghost writer.[41] In March 2013, Middleton parted from her literary agent.[42]

Middleton is also a regular columnist for several publications. She has contributed articles to The Spectator magazine since December 2012[43] and began having a food column in the supermarket magazine Waitrose Kitchen beginning in Spring 2013.[44] In June 2013 she was named a contributing editor of Vanity Fair writing a series of columns for the magazine.[45] Beginning in September 2013, Middleton also writes a fortnightly sports and social column for The Sunday Telegraph.[46] She parted ways from The Telegraph in May 2014.

In May 2013, she became the sole director and shareholder of PXM Enterprises Limited.[47][48] The company is headquartered at 19 Portland Place in London.[48][47] Its assets amounted to £211,521 in 2014, at the end of its first fiscal year.[49]

Philanthropy

In April 2013, she became an ambassador to the Mary Hare School for deaf children in Berkshire.[50]

In June 2014, she became an ambassador to the British Heart Foundation (BHF).[51] That month, she took part in the Race Across America, a 3,000 mile cycling race across the United States, followed by the Bosphorus Cross-Continental Swimming Race, a 6.5km swimming competition in Istanbul, as two fundraising opportunities for the BHF.[51] Her bicycle was also auctioned on eBay for the BHF.[51] She then attended the BHF's Roll out the Red Ball at the Park Lane Hotel on 10 February 2015.[52] She auctioned one of her L.K.Bennett dresses at the ball.[53] She is expected to take part in the London to Brighton Bike Ride for the BHF on 21 June 2015.[53]

Royal wedding

The official announcement of her sister's engagement came on 16 November 2010. Middleton served as the maid of honour.[54] At the wedding, Middleton's white figure-hugging dress, which, like the bride's, was created by Sarah Burton of Alexander McQueen, was highly praised in the media. Made of ivory crêpe fabric, it was styled with a cowl at the front and organza-covered buttons at the back. Copies of the dress were soon available on the High Street[55][56] where there was a great demand for them.[57][58][59]

Arms

Coat of arms of Pippa Middleton
Notes
The Arms of Philippa Charlotte 'Pippa' Middleton are the Arms of her father, in a lozenge shaped version, supported by a blue ribbon, denoting her status as an unmarried woman.
Escutcheon
Per pale Azure and Gules, a chevron Or, cotised Argent, between three acorns slipped and leaved Or.

Ancestry

Main articles: Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge and Lupton family

Middleton's ancestors include her great great grandfather, politician Francis Martineau Lupton (1848–1921), whose first cousin, Sir Thomas Martineau, was reported in June 2014 as being the uncle of World War II Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain.[60][61] Other ancestors are Sir Thomas Fairfax (1475–1520), whose wife Anne Gascoigne was a descendant of King Edward III.[62][63] Ancestors through her maternal line include Sir Thomas Conyers, 9th Baronet (1731–1810), who was a descendant of Edward IV through his illegitimate daughter Elizabeth Plantaganet.[64] The Rev. Thomas Davis, a Church of England clergyman and hymn-writer, is also an ancestor; his granddaughter Olive Christiana Lupton being the paternal grandmother of Middleton's father, Michael.[65][66]

Family of Pippa Middleton
16. John Middleton
8. Richard Noel Middleton
17. Mary Asquith
4. Peter Francis Middleton
18. Francis Martineau Lupton
9. Olive Christiana Lupton
19. Harriet Albina Davis
2. Michael Francis Middleton
20. Frederick Glassborow
10. Frederick George Glassborow
21. Emily Jane Elliott
5. Valerie Glassborow
22. Gavin Fullarton Robison
11. Constance Robison
23. Sarah Ann Gee
1. Philippa Charlotte Middleton
24. John Goldsmith
12. Stephen Charles Goldsmith
25. Jane Dorsett
6. Ronald Goldsmith
26. Theophilus Benjamin Chandler
13. Edith Eliza Chandler
27. Amelia White
3. Carole Goldsmith
28. John Harrison
14. Thomas Harrison
29. Jane Hill
7. Dorothy Harrison
30. Thomas Temple
15. Elizabeth Temple
31. Elizabeth Myers

Film

In William & Kate, a television movie released on 18 April 2011 about her sister's romance, the part of Middleton was played by Mary Elise Hayden.[67][68]

References

  1. ^ "Pippa Middleton biography". Biography.com.
  2. ^ "Pippa Middleton". People.
  3. ^ "Pippa Middleton's Birthday: A Look Back At A Year Of Style (PHOTOS)". Huffington Post. 6 September 2008.
  4. ^ Joseph, Claudia (21 November 2010). "The intriguing story of the woman who gave Kate her looks – and family wealth". Daily Mail. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  5. ^ Lundy, Darryl. "Philippa Charlotte Middleton". The Peerage. p. 19582. Retrieved 4 January 2011. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)[unreliable source]
  6. ^ "Ancestry of Kate Middleton". wargs.com. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  7. ^ "Pippa Middleton on wine, fishing and Kim Kardashian". spectator.co.uk. Retrieved 12 November 2014.
  8. ^ Until 1974 in the West Riding of Yorkshire.
  9. ^ Reitwiesner, William Addams (2011). Child, Christopher Challender (ed.). The Ancestry of Catherine Middleton. Scott Campbell Steward. Boston, Massachusetts: New England Historic Genealogical Society. pp. 9, 16. ISBN 978-0-88082-252-7.
  10. ^ Laycock, Mike (17 March 2015). "Duchess of Cambridge's links with stately home near York revealed". The Press (York). Retrieved 18 March 2015. ....he discovered previously unpublished pictures in the depths of the Leeds archives showing the Potternewton Hall Estate where Olive ...(and) her blood cousin Baroness von Schunck...grew up.
  11. ^ Rayner, Gordon (13 September 2013). "'Middle-class' Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended George V's coronation". Daily Telegraph. p. 7. Retrieved 15 February 2015. The (Lupton) relatives who spoke to me said their ancestors were very much landed gentry, and as we now know some of them were titled.
  12. ^ "Leodis - A photographic Archive of Leeds". Headingley Castle, Leeds - "The Lupton family of Leeds were landed gentry; a business and political dynasty". UK Government, Leeds City Council. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  13. ^ Brennan, Zoe (19 March 2011). "The family fortune of the minted Middletons". The Telegraph. Retrieved 16 July 2013. The Luptons were an upper-middle-class family of merchants and property developers. While not aristocrats, they were definitely genteel.
  14. ^ Rayner, Gordon (13 September 2013). "'Middle-class' Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended George V's coronation". Daily Telegraph. p. 7. Retrieved 15 February 2015. The (Lupton) relatives who spoke to me said their ancestors were very much landed gentry, and as we now know some of them were titled.
  15. ^ Wrathmell, Susan (2005). "Leeds - Pevsner City Guide - Architecture- (Chapeltown, Chapel Allerton and Gledhow)". Yale University Press. Retrieved 29 August 2015. ...these included Potternewton Hall (House) and.....to the E(East) Gledhow Hall...
  16. ^ Green, Liz (28 May 2014). "Gledhow Hall, West Yorkshire: Romance in a War Hospital". BBC Leeds. Retrieved 29 August 2015. Once a magnificent country house, Gledhow Hall, in Leeds, was formerly the home of Baroness Airedale, a relation of our future queen, the Duchess of Cambridge...in 1885, the Hall was visited by the Prince of Wales...
  17. ^ Wilson, Christopher (22 December 2006). "Kate, the coal miner's girl". Daily Mail. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  18. ^ Lewis, Jason (27 November 2010). "How a Victorian industrialist helped Kate Middleton's parents". UK Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 8 November 2014. By 1936 there were three separate family trusts in operation controlling the bulk of her (Olive) and her family's fortune
  19. ^ Walker, Tim (22 July 2014). "The Duchess of Cambridge is related to Beatrix Potter, who once gave the Middleton family her own original hand-painted illustrations". UK Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 8 November 2014. It was in the Lake District in the summer of 1936 that Peter's mother Olive Lupton was rushed to hospital with peritonitis, dying on September 27, aged only 55, leaving behind a large trust fund for her descendants
  20. ^ Joseph, Claudia (16 July 2014). "The family tragedy that helped the Middletons make their millions". UK Daily Mail. Retrieved 8 November 2014. When Olive died in 1936, at the age of 55, she set up a trust fund of £52,031 – equivalent to £2.9 million – for her four children, one of whom was Kate's grandfather Peter (Middleton), and their descendants
  21. ^ "Potternewton Hall, Potternewton Lane". Leodis - A Photographic Archive of Leeds. UK Gov. Leeds City Council. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  22. ^ London, Bianca (25 September 2014). "Why Kate should really be the Duchess of Oxford: Historian claims William's bride has the wrong title after studying her illustrious family history". UK Daily Mail. Retrieved 15 May 2015. During his extensive research, he discovered that (Pippa Middleton's) grandfather Peter Middleton, as well as other relatives, all studied at the esteemed Oxford University.
  23. ^ a b "Party Pieces Princess". News of the World. 21 November 2010. p. 4.
  24. ^ "About us". partypieces.co.uk. Retrieved 19 February 2011.
  25. ^ "Generation why-should-I?". The Scotsman. 11 June 2008. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  26. ^ Joseph, Claudia (22 January 2012). "When Kate was an Elf – and Pippa an Imp". Daily Mail. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
  27. ^ "Profiles: Kate Middleton". Hello!. August 2001.
  28. ^ a b c Curtis, Nick (10 May 2011). "Everything you never knew about Pippa Middleton". London Evening Standard. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
  29. ^ Victoria Lambert (29 March 2014). "Why everyone wants a Marlborough missus". The Telegraph (UK). Retrieved 9 February 2015. Having a famous partner can cut both ways these days. There will be a Mr Pippa Middleton and a Mr Princess Eugenie. And can we ever think of old Marlburian male Mark Phillips as an equestrian without adding "the former Mr Princess Anne"? {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  30. ^ a b Pukas, Anna (20 November 2010). "Kate Middleton's eligible little sister". Daily Express. Retrieved 19 February 2011.
  31. ^ Robinson, Martin (26 July 2013). "Operation protect Prince George: Police throw up ring of steel around Middleton family home as new royal family arrive". UK Daily Mail. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  32. ^ "Welcome to the Firm". Channel 4. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  33. ^ Peskoe, Ashley. "Pippa Middleton: 5 Things You Need to Know". ABC News. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
  34. ^ "Kate Middleton's Sister, Pippa: a socialite butterfly". royalweddings.org.uk. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  35. ^ Nicholl, Katie (21 April 2007). "First Kate, now sister Pippa splits from heir". Daily Mail.
  36. ^ Nicholl, Katie (26 September 2009). "A Churchill snaps up the other Miss Middleton". Daily Mail.
  37. ^ Levinson, Robin (18 April 2012). "Pippa Middleton in gun photo controversy one day... Time Magazine's 100 most influential people the next". National Post.
  38. ^ Walker, Tim (17 November 2010). "Wedding is good business for Pippa Middleton". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
  39. ^ Chilton, Martin (12 November 2012). "Pippa Middleton's New Book". Business Insider. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  40. ^ Howse, Christopher (2 November 2012). "Celebrate by Pippa Middleton: review". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  41. ^ Myers, Russell; Perthen, Amanda (28 April 2012). "She was paid £400k for her book of party advice, now Pippa gives wedding tips to her best friend – for free". Daily Mail. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
  42. ^ "Pippa Middleton parts from agent after just one book". The Daily Telegraph. 22 March 2013. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  43. ^ "Pippa Middleton". The Spectator. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
  44. ^ "Pippa Middleton's Debut Waitrose Kitchen Food Column Could Use More of One Key Ingredient: Food". Retrieved 9 January 2014.
  45. ^ "Pippa Middleton Named Vanity Fair Contributing Editor, Writes About Her (and Kate's) Tennis Obsession". Vanity Fair. 5 June 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
  46. ^ Pippa Middleton "Pippa Middleton". The Telegraph. Retrieved 30 December 2013. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  47. ^ a b Ellen Branagh, Mystery over Pippa Middleton's new company, The Independent, 31 May 2013
  48. ^ a b Daniel Miller, Pippa Middleton sets up her first company using Ant and Dec's accountant, The Daily Mail, 31 May 2013
  49. ^ Ruth Styles, Sorry James! New figures show Pippa is the most successful member of the Middleton clan after raking in £229,241 last year (that's £229,221 more than her brother), The Daily Mail, 26 February 2015
  50. ^ Toni Jones, Pippa Middleton hits the town with her favourite party pal Tom Kingston: Pip lets her hair down following charity event at celebrity restaurant Le Caprice, The Daily Mail, 25 April 2013
  51. ^ a b c Pippa Middleton – our new ambassador, British Heart Foundation, 12 June 2014
  52. ^ Bystander: Roll out the Red Ball, Tatler, 11 February 2015
  53. ^ a b Martha Cliff, Now YOU can own Pippa Middleton's dress but do you have the bum for it? Frock worn by Duchess of Cambridge's sister up for charity auction... and bidding starts at £100, The Daily Mail, 21 January 2015
  54. ^ Katz, Gregory; Baluja, Tamara (14 February 2011). "Royal wedding update: Prince Harry to be best man, Kate's sister Pippa is maid of honour". Yahoo Canada. The Associated Press, The Canadian Press. Archived from the original on 17 February 2011.
  55. ^ "Debenhams produce £170 copy of Pippa Middleton's bridesmaid dress". The Daily Telegraph. 4 August 2011. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  56. ^ Karmali, Sarah (4 August 2011). "Pippa Middleton bridesmaid dress replicas hit Debenhams". MyDaily UK. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  57. ^ Singh, Anita (29 April 2011). "Pippa Middleton shines as maid of honour". The Daily Telegraph. London.
  58. ^ Elser, Daniela (30 April 2011). "Pippa Middleton almost steals the show from sister Kate on her big day". News.com.au. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  59. ^ Bergin, Olivia (4 August 2011). "Debenhams produce £170 copy of Pippa Middleton's bridesmaid dress". The Daily Telegraph.
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  61. ^ London, Bianca (4 June 2014). "Historian discovers the Duchess of Cambridge is descended from Birmingham's most notable families". UK Daily Mail. Retrieved 8 November 2014. Kate's great great grandfather was Francis Martineau Lupton, a politician himself, and his first cousin was Birmingham Mayor Sir Thomas Martineau, a friend of Queen Victoria. Sir Thomas's nephew was Neville Chamberlain.
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  63. ^ Rayner, Gordon. "Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended coronation of George V". UK Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 25 January 2014. Michael Middleton is a direct descendant of Edward III
  64. ^ Child, Christopher C. (Fall 2011). "A Gratifying Discovery: Connecting Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, to Sir Thomas Conyers, 9th Bt. of Horden, Durham" (PDF). American Ancestors. New England Historic Genealogical Society. pp. 35–36. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
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