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more info from Matthiesen2012; infobox: switch from defunct 'mission' parameter to 'focus'
+reference 'Iran, Revolution, and Proxy Wars', Palgrave Macmillan, for al-Rebh as founder of the organisation
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==Leadership==
==Leadership==
{{As of|2011|10}}, the secretary-general of the Society for Development and Change was Ahmed Mohammad al-Rebh<ref name="Fr24_ADC" /> (or ''al-Ribh''<ref name="Matthiesen2012" />) Prior to the creation of the organisation, al-Rebh, an activist from [[Qatif]], had called for political reform and opposed discrimination.<ref name="Matthiesen2012" /> In April 2010, al-Rebh had been interrogated by the [[Qatif]] branch of [[Mabahith]] about his political writing, which included a call for [[Abdullah of Saudi Arabia|King Abdullah]] to create a [[Legislative Assembly|legislative assembly]] similar to those of [[National Assembly of Kuwait|Kuwait]] and [[National Assembly of Bahrain|Bahrain]] and criticism of anti-Shi'a discrimination in government policy.<ref name="jafria_alrebh_interrogated" />
{{As of|2011|10}}, the secretary-general of the Society for Development and Change was Ahmed Mohammad al-Rebh<ref name="Fr24_ADC" /><ref name="Seliktar_Rezaei_2020" /> (or ''al-Ribh''<ref name="Matthiesen2012" />). Prior to the creation of the organisation, al-Rebh, an activist from [[Qatif]], had called for political reform and opposed discrimination<ref name="Matthiesen2012" /> and had spent time in exile in Iran.<ref name="Seliktar_Rezaei_2020" /> In April 2010, al-Rebh had been interrogated by the [[Qatif]] branch of [[Mabahith]] about his political writing, which included a call for [[Abdullah of Saudi Arabia|King Abdullah]] to create a [[Legislative Assembly|legislative assembly]] similar to those of [[National Assembly of Kuwait|Kuwait]] and [[National Assembly of Bahrain|Bahrain]] and criticism of anti-Shi'a discrimination in government policy.<ref name="jafria_alrebh_interrogated" />


==Actions==
==Actions==
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<ref name="Matthiesen2012">{{cite journal | last1 = Matthiesen | first1 = Toby | title = A 'Saudi Spring?': The Shi'a Protest Movement in the Eastern Province 2011–2012 | journal = [[The Middle East Journal]] | volume = 66 | issue = | pages = 628–659 | publisher = | location = | year = 2012 | url = https://www.jstor.org/stable/23361621 | url-access = subscription | issn = | doi = 10.3751/66.4.14 | id = | access-date = 2021-06-27 | archive-url= | archive-date= |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="Matthiesen2012">{{cite journal | last1 = Matthiesen | first1 = Toby | title = A 'Saudi Spring?': The Shi'a Protest Movement in the Eastern Province 2011–2012 | journal = [[The Middle East Journal]] | volume = 66 | issue = | pages = 628–659 | publisher = | location = | year = 2012 | url = https://www.jstor.org/stable/23361621 | url-access = subscription | issn = | doi = 10.3751/66.4.14 | id = | access-date = 2021-06-27 | archive-url= | archive-date= |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Seliktar_Rezaei_2020">{{cite book | last1 = Seliktar | first1 = Ofira | last2= Rezaei | first2= Farhad | title= Iran, Revolution, and Proxy Wars | publisher = [[Palgrave Macmillan]] |year = 2020 | url = https://www.palgrave.com/gp/book/9783030294175 |doi =10.1007/978-3-030-29418-2 | isbn = 978-3030294175 |url-status=live }}</ref>


}}
}}

Revision as of 21:38, 27 June 2021

Society for Development and Change
Focushuman rights for everyone including Shi'ites[1]
Area served
Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
Key people
secretary-general: Ahmed Mohammad al-Rebh[1] (in exile in Beirut)[2] Ahmad al-Rayah, spokesperson[3]

The Society for Development and Change (Template:Lang-ar) is a Saudi Arabian human rights non-governmental organisation that became active in 2011, campaigning for equal human rights for Shia in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.[1][4] The organisation called for a constitution and an elected legislature for Eastern Province.[3]

Leadership

As of October 2011, the secretary-general of the Society for Development and Change was Ahmed Mohammad al-Rebh[1][5] (or al-Ribh[4]). Prior to the creation of the organisation, al-Rebh, an activist from Qatif, had called for political reform and opposed discrimination[4] and had spent time in exile in Iran.[5] In April 2010, al-Rebh had been interrogated by the Qatif branch of Mabahith about his political writing, which included a call for King Abdullah to create a legislative assembly similar to those of Kuwait and Bahrain and criticism of anti-Shi'a discrimination in government policy.[6]

Actions

The Society for Development and Change contacted international media to report on events in the Qatif region during the 2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests. In October 2011, it reported protestors' demands to create a constitution and independent legislative assembly for Eastern Province.[3] Secretary-General Ahmed Mohammad al-Rebh stated that Saudi Arabians should "be part of the Arab Spring".[2] Al-Rebh was forced into exile in Beirut because of having been forbidden to take part in political activity in Saudi Arabia.[2]

In October 2011, spokesperson Ahmad al-Rayah flew to Beirut to report on the situation in Eastern Province. He stated that he wished for the Society for Development and Change to be legally registered.[3] Al-Rayah said that although protests for democracy and civil rights had taken place since February 2011, security forces did not fire live bullets against protestors until 3 October, when they "fired live rounds directly into a crowd" around a police station in al-Awamiyah.[3]

The Society for Development and Change ran the www.altaghyir.com website during 2011.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Sawaneh, Mahamadou (2011-10-07). "Sectarian protests flare anew in Saudi Arabia". France 24. Archived from the original on 2012-01-15. Retrieved 2012-01-15.
  2. ^ a b c "Des activistes du Golfe veulent leur printemps arabe" (in French). al-Qarra TV. 2011-12-06. Archived from the original on 2012-01-15. Retrieved 2012-01-15.
  3. ^ a b c d e Cockburn, Patrick (2011-10-05). "Saudi police 'open fire on civilians' as protests gain momentum". The Independent. Archived from the original on 2012-01-15. Retrieved 2012-01-15.
  4. ^ a b c d Matthiesen, Toby (2012). "A 'Saudi Spring?': The Shi'a Protest Movement in the Eastern Province 2011–2012". The Middle East Journal. 66: 628–659. doi:10.3751/66.4.14. Retrieved 2021-06-27.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ a b Seliktar, Ofira; Rezaei, Farhad (2020). Iran, Revolution, and Proxy Wars. Palgrave Macmillan. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29418-2. ISBN 978-3030294175.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. ^ "Saudi shia writer questioned for criticizing the sectarian governmental policies". Jafria News. 2011-04-28. Archived from the original on 2012-01-15. Retrieved 2012-01-15.
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