Communist revolution: Difference between revisions

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|18 March 1871
|18 March 1871
|28 May 1871
|28 May 1871
|({{age in years and days|1871|03|18|1871|05|28|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1871|03|18|1871|05|28|duration=yes}})
|[[Paris Commune]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Milza |first=Pierre |title=L'année terrible: La Commune (mars–juin 1871) |language=fr |trans-title=The terrible year: La Commune (March–June 1871) |year=2009 |publisher=Perrin |location=Paris |isbn=978-2-262-03073-5}}</ref>
|[[Paris Commune]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Milza |first=Pierre |title=L'année terrible: La Commune (mars–juin 1871) |language=fr |trans-title=The terrible year: La Commune (March–June 1871) |year=2009 |publisher=Perrin |location=Paris |isbn=978-2-262-03073-5}}</ref>
|{{flagcountry|French Third Republic}}
|{{flagcountry|French Third Republic}}
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* [[National Guard (France)|National Guards]]
* [[National Guard (France)|National Guards]]
|[[Paris]]
|[[Paris]]
|7,544 killed overall<ref>{{cite book |last=Milza |first=Pierre |title=L'année terrible: La Commune (mars–juin 1871) |language=fr |trans-title=The terrible year: La Commune (March–June 1871) |year=2009a |publisher=Perrin |location=Paris |isbn=978-2-262-03073-5}}</ref><ref name="Versailles1875">{{citation |title=Rapport d'ensemble de M. le Général Appert sur les opérations de la justice militaire relatives à l'insurrection de 1871 |language=fr |trans-title=Overall report by General Appert on the operations of military justice relating to the 1871 insurrection |publisher=Assemblée nationale |chapter=annexe au procès verbal de la session du 20 juillet 1875 |trans-chapter=appendix to the minutes of the session of July 20, 1875 |location=Versailles |date=1875}}</ref>
|7,544 killed overall<ref>{{cite book |last=Milza |first=Pierre |title=L'année terrible: La Commune (mars–juin 1871) |language=fr |trans-title=The terrible year: La Commune (March–June 1871) |year=2009a |publisher=Perrin |location=Paris |isbn=978-2-262-03073-5}}</ref><ref name="Versailles1875">{{citation|title=Rapport d'ensemble de M. le Général Appert sur les opérations de la justice militaire relatives à l'insurrection de 1871 |language=fr |trans-title=Overall report by General Appert on the operations of military justice relating to the 1871 insurrection |publisher=Assemblée nationale |chapter=annexe au procès verbal de la session du 20 juillet 1875 |trans-chapter=appendix to the minutes of the session of July 20, 1875 |location=Versailles |date=1875}}</ref>
|Revolt suppressed<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1871/civil-war-france/ch05.htm |title=Third Party Address [The Paris Commune] |date=May 1871 |website=[[Marxists Internet Archive]]}}</ref>
|Revolt suppressed<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1871/civil-war-france/ch05.htm |title=Third Party Address [The Paris Commune] |date=May 1871 |website=[[Marxists Internet Archive]]}}</ref>
* {{nowrap|Disbanding the Second National Guard<br/>by the French government}}
* {{nowrap|Disbanding the Second National Guard<br/>by the French government}}
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|October 1915
|October 1915
|5 June 1920<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Jangali Movement |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]] |date=10 April 2012 |orig-year=15 December 2008 |series=Fasc. 5 |volume=XIV |pages=534–544 |publisher=Bibliotheca Persica Press |location=New York City |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/jangali-movement |last1=Dailami |first1=Pezhmann |editor-last=Yarshater |editor-first=Ehsan |editor-link=Ehsan Yarshater |access-date=8 February 2018}}</ref>
|5 June 1920<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Jangali Movement |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]] |date=10 April 2012 |orig-year=15 December 2008 |series=Fasc. 5 |volume=XIV |pages=534–544 |publisher=Bibliotheca Persica Press |location=New York City |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/jangali-movement |last1=Dailami |first1=Pezhmann |editor-last=Yarshater |editor-first=Ehsan |editor-link=Ehsan Yarshater |access-date=8 February 2018}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days|1915|10|01|1920|06|05|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1915|10|01|1920|06|05|duration=yes}})
|[[Jungle Movement of Gilan|Jangal Movement]]
|[[Jungle Movement of Gilan|Jangal Movement]]
|{{flagicon image| State flag of Persia (1907–1933).svg}} [[Qajar Iran]]
|{{flagicon image| State flag of Persia (1907–1933).svg}} [[Qajar Iran]]
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|24 April 1916
|24 April 1916
|29 April 1916
|29 April 1916
|({{age in years and days|1916|04|24|1916|04|29|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1916|04|24|1916|04|29|duration=yes}})
|[[Easter Rising]]
|[[Easter Rising]]
|{{flagcountry|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}
|{{flagcountry|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}
|{{ubl|{{flagicon|Irish Republic|1916}} Irish rebel forces:{{ubl|[[Irish Citizen Army]]}}}}<ref>{{cite book |last=Townshend |first=Charles |date=2006 |title=Easter 1916: The Irish Rebellion |location=London |publisher=Ivan R. Dee Inc. |isbn=978-1566637046}}</ref>
|{{flagicon|Irish Republic|1916}} Irish rebel forces
* [[Irish Citizen Army]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Townshend |first=Charles |date=2006 |title=Easter 1916: The Irish Rebellion |location=London |publisher=Ivan R. Dee Inc. |isbn=978-1566637046}}</ref>
|[[Dublin]]
|[[Dublin]]
|485 killed<ref name=necrology>{{cite web |url=http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/__uuid/55a29fab-3b24-41dd-a1d9-12d148a78f74/Glasnevin-Trust-1916-Necrology-485.pdf |title=1916 Necrology |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214221924/http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/__uuid/55a29fab-3b24-41dd-a1d9-12d148a78f74/Glasnevin-Trust-1916-Necrology-485.pdf |archive-date=14 December 2017}}</ref><ref name=Glasnevin>{{cite web |url=http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/visit-glasnevin/news/1916-list/ |title=1916 list |website=Glasnevin Trust |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405042053/http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/visit-glasnevin/news/1916-list/ |archive-date=5 April 2017}}</ref><ref name=sh>{{cite book |title=Sinn Fein Rebellion handbook, Easter, 1916 |date=1916 |page=[https://archive.org/details/sinnfeinrebellio00dubl/page/52 52] |publisher=[[Irish Times]] |url=https://archive.org/details/sinnfeinrebellio00dubl}}</ref>
|485 killed<ref name=necrology>{{cite web |url=http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/__uuid/55a29fab-3b24-41dd-a1d9-12d148a78f74/Glasnevin-Trust-1916-Necrology-485.pdf |title=1916 Necrology |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214221924/http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/__uuid/55a29fab-3b24-41dd-a1d9-12d148a78f74/Glasnevin-Trust-1916-Necrology-485.pdf |archive-date=14 December 2017}}</ref><ref name=Glasnevin>{{cite web |url=http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/visit-glasnevin/news/1916-list/ |title=1916 list |website=Glasnevin Trust |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405042053/http://www.glasnevintrust.ie/visit-glasnevin/news/1916-list/ |archive-date=5 April 2017}}</ref><ref name=sh>{{cite book |title=Sinn Fein Rebellion handbook, Easter, 1916 |date=1916 |page=[https://archive.org/details/sinnfeinrebellio00dubl/page/52 52] |publisher=[[Irish Times]] |url=https://archive.org/details/sinnfeinrebellio00dubl}}</ref>
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|7 November 1917
|7 November 1917
|7 November 1917
|7 November 1917
|({{age in years and days|1917|11|07|1917|11|07|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1917|11|07|1917|11|07|duration=yes}})
|[[October Revolution]]
|[[October Revolution]]
|{{flagcountry|Russian Republic}}
|{{flagcountry|Russian Republic}}
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|27 January 1918
|27 January 1918
|15 May 1918
|15 May 1918
|({{age in years and days|1918|01|27|1918|05|15|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1918|01|27|1918|05|15|duration=yes}})
|[[Finnish Civil War]]
|[[Finnish Civil War]]
|{{flagcountry|Finland}}
|{{flagcountry|Finland}}
Line 138: Line 139:
* {{flagicon|Soviet Russia|1918}} [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Soviet Russia]]
* {{flagicon|Soviet Russia|1918}} [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Soviet Russia]]
|[[Finland]]
|[[Finland]]
|38,300 killed<ref>{{Harvnb|Paavolainen|1966|pp=}}, {{Harvnb|Paavolainen|1967|pp=}}, {{Harvnb|Paavolainen|1971|pp=}}, {{Harvnb|Upton|1980|pp=191–200, 453–460}}, {{Harvnb|Eerola|Eerola|1998|}}, [http://vesta.narc.fi/cgi-bin/db2www/sotasurmaetusivu/stat2 National Archive of Finland 2004] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310022523/http://vesta.narc.fi/cgi-bin/db2www/sotasurmaetusivu/stat2 |date=10 March 2015 }}, {{Harvnb|Roselius|2004|pp=165–176}}, {{Harvnb|Westerlund|Kalleinen|2004|pp=267–271}}, {{Harvnb|Westerlund|2004a|pp=53–72}}, {{Harvnb|Tikka|2014|pp=90–118}}</ref>
|38,300 killed<ref>{{harvnb|Paavolainen|1966|pp=}}, {{harvnb|Paavolainen|1967|pp=}}, {{harvnb|Paavolainen|1971|pp=}}, {{harvnb|Upton|1980|pp=191–200, 453–460}}, {{harvnb|Eerola|Eerola|1998|}}, [http://vesta.narc.fi/cgi-bin/db2www/sotasurmaetusivu/stat2 National Archive of Finland 2004] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310022523/http://vesta.narc.fi/cgi-bin/db2www/sotasurmaetusivu/stat2 |date=10 March 2015 }}, {{harvnb|Roselius|2004|pp=165–176}}, {{harvnb|Westerlund|Kalleinen|2004|pp=267–271}}, {{harvnb|Westerlund|2004a|pp=53–72}}, {{harvnb|Tikka|2014|pp=90–118}}</ref>
| [[White Guard (Finland) |Finnish Whites]] victory
| [[White Guard (Finland) |Finnish Whites]] victory
|colspan=3|
|colspan=3|
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|2 August 1918
|2 August 1918
|11 June 1925
|11 June 1925
|({{age in years and days|1918|08|02|1925|06|11|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1918|08|02|1925|06|11|duration=yes}})
|[[Canadian Labour Revolt]]
|[[Canadian Labour Revolt]]
|{{flagcountry|Dominion of Canada|1907}}
|{{flagcountry|Dominion of Canada|1907}}
Line 157: Line 158:
|9 November 1918
|9 November 1918
|14 November 1918
|14 November 1918
|({{age in years and days|1918|11|09|1918|11|14|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1918|11|09|1918|11|14|duration=yes}})
|[[Red Week (Netherlands)|Red Week]]
|[[Red Week (Netherlands)|Red Week]]
|{{flagcountry|Netherlands}}
|{{flagcountry|Netherlands}}
Line 168: Line 169:
|29 October 1918
|29 October 1918
|11 August 1919
|11 August 1919
|({{age in years and days|1918|10|29|1919|08|11|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1918|10|29|1919|08|11|duration=yes}})
|[[German Revolution of 1918–19]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Hoffrogge |first=Ralf |chapter=Working-Class Politics in the German Revolution |editor-first=Richard |editor-last=Müller |title=The Revolutionary Shop Stewards and the Origins of the Council Movement |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |date=2014 |location=Leiden |isbn=978-90-04-21921-2}}</ref>
|[[German Revolution of 1918–19]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Hoffrogge |first=Ralf |chapter=Working-Class Politics in the German Revolution |editor-first=Richard |editor-last=Müller |title=The Revolutionary Shop Stewards and the Origins of the Council Movement |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |date=2014 |location=Leiden |isbn=978-90-04-21921-2}}</ref>
|{{flagcountry|German Empire}}<br/>{{flagcountry|Weimar Republic|name=German Republic}}
|{{flagcountry|German Empire}}<br/>{{flagcountry|Weimar Republic|name=German Republic}}
Line 197: Line 198:
|23 March 1919
|23 March 1919
|1 August 1919
|1 August 1919
|({{age in years and days|1919|03|23|1919|08|01|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1919|03|23|1919|08|01|duration=yes}})
|[[Hungarian Soviet Republic]]{{efn|
|[[Hungarian Soviet Republic]]{{efn|
* [[Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920)]]
* [[Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920)]]
Line 214: Line 215:
|1 March 1921
|1 March 1921
|11 July 1921
|11 July 1921
|({{age in years and days|1921|03|01|1921|07|11|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1921|03|01|1921|07|11|duration=yes}})
|[[Mongolian Revolution of 1921]]
|[[Mongolian Revolution of 1921]]
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of Bogd Khaanate Mongolia.svg}} [[Bogd Khanate of Mongolia]]<br/>{{flagicon image| Flag of China (1912–1928).svg}} [[Occupation of Mongolia|Outer Mongolia]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Bogd Khaanate Mongolia.svg}} [[Bogd Khanate of Mongolia]]<br/>{{flagicon image| Flag of China (1912–1928).svg}} [[Occupation of Mongolia|Outer Mongolia]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Mongolian People's Republic (1921–1924).svg}} [[Mongolian People's Party]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Mongolian People's Republic (1921–1924).svg}} [[Mongolian People's Party]]
|[[Outer Mongolia]]
|[[Outer Mongolia]]
Line 225: Line 226:
|3 March 1921<ref>{{cite web |last=Celeghini |first=Riccardo |title=BALKANS: "The mine is ours!" History of the Republic of Labin |url=https://www.eastjournal.net/archives/71072 |website=eastjournal.net |date=23 March 2016 |publisher=East Journal |access-date=13 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002143346/https://www.eastjournal.net/archives/71072 |archive-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>
|3 March 1921<ref>{{cite web |last=Celeghini |first=Riccardo |title=BALKANS: "The mine is ours!" History of the Republic of Labin |url=https://www.eastjournal.net/archives/71072 |website=eastjournal.net |date=23 March 2016 |publisher=East Journal |access-date=13 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002143346/https://www.eastjournal.net/archives/71072 |archive-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>
|8 April 1921<ref>{{cite book |first=Robert |last=Stallaerts |title=Historical Dictionary of Croatia |year=2009 |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |isbn=978-0-8108-7363-6 |pages=6–}}</ref>
|8 April 1921<ref>{{cite book |first=Robert |last=Stallaerts |title=Historical Dictionary of Croatia |year=2009 |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |isbn=978-0-8108-7363-6 |pages=6–}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days|1921|03|03|1921|04|08|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1921|03|03|1921|04|08|duration=yes}})
|[[Labin Republic|Labin mining strike and rebellion]]
|[[Labin Republic|Labin mining strike and rebellion]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Italy}}
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Italy}}
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of Albona Republic.svg}} [[Labin Republic]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Albona Republic.svg}} [[Labin Republic]]
|[[Istria]]
|[[Istria]]
|5<ref>{{cite web |url=https://zgodovinanadlani.si/100-let-labinske-republike/ |first=Danijel |last=Osmanagić |title=100 let Labinske republike |language=sl |trans-title=100 years of the Republic of Labin |date=3 August 2021 |work=Zgodovina na dlani |access-date=2 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206220615/https://zgodovinanadlani.si/100-let-labinske-republike/ |archive-date=6 February 2023}}</ref>
|5<ref>{{cite web |url=https://zgodovinanadlani.si/100-let-labinske-republike/ |first=Danijel |last=Osmanagić |title=100 let Labinske republike |language=sl |trans-title=100 years of the Republic of Labin |date=3 August 2021 |work=Zgodovina na dlani |access-date=2 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230206220615/https://zgodovinanadlani.si/100-let-labinske-republike/ |archive-date=6 February 2023}}</ref>
Line 234: Line 235:
|colspan=3|{{efn|The anti-fascist, socialist [[Labin Republic]] uprising in modern-day Labin, [[Croatia]], which pushed out [[Mussolini|Mussolini's fascist]] forces and established a socialist society in the city and surrounding towns.}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The anti-fascist, socialist [[Labin Republic]] uprising in modern-day Labin, [[Croatia]], which pushed out [[Mussolini|Mussolini's fascist]] forces and established a socialist society in the city and surrounding towns.}}
|-
|-
|1 August 1927<ref name="Nanchang">{{cite book |title=China at War: An Encyclopedia |year=2012 |page=295 |isbn=9781598844153 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jhPyvsdymU8C&pg=PA295 |last1=Li |first1=Xiaobing |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Academic]] |access-date=27 June 2015 |archive-date=11 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411192237/https://books.google.com/books?id=jhPyvsdymU8C&pg=PA295 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|1 August 1927
|1 October 1949<ref name="Yang">{{Cite book |last1=Yang |first1=Benjamin |title=The Rise to Power of the Chinese Communist Party: Documents and Analysis |last2=Saich |first2=Tony |date=2016 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1-56324-154-3 |location=New York}}</ref>
|1 October 1949
|({{age in years and days|1927|08|01|1949|10|01|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1927|08|01|1949|10|01|duration=yes}})
|
|
*[[Chinese Civil War]]
*[[Chinese Civil War]]
*[[Chinese Communist Revolution]]<ref name="Yang"/>
*[[Chinese Communist Revolution]]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Yang |first1=Benjamin |title=The Rise to Power of the Chinese Communist Party: Documents and Analysis |last2=Saich |first2=Tony |date=2016 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1-56324-154-3 |location=New York}}</ref>
|{{flagcountry|Republic of China (1912-49)}}
|{{flagcountry|Republic of China (1912-49)}}
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party.svg}} [[Chinese Communist Party]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party.svg}} [[Chinese Communist Party]]
* {{Flagicon image|中國工農紅軍軍旗.svg}} [[Chinese Red Army|Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army]] (1927–1937)
* {{flagicon image|中國工農紅軍軍旗.svg}} [[Chinese Red Army|Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army]] (1927–1937)<ref name="Nanchang"/>
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of the People's Liberation Army.svg}} [[People's Liberation Army]] (1946–1950)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Liberation Army.svg}} [[People's Liberation Army]] (1946–1950)<ref name="Benton-1999">{{Cite book |last=Benton |first=Gregor |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ayLTpS8iujQC |title=New Fourth Army: Communist Resistance Along the Yangtze and the Huai, 1938–1941 |date=1999 |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |isbn=978-0-520-21992-2 |page=396 |language=en}}</ref>
|{{Flagicon image|National Flag of Chinese Soviet Republic.svg}} [[Communist-controlled China (1927–1949)|Communist-controlled China]]
|{{flagicon image|National Flag of Chinese Soviet Republic.svg}} [[Communist-controlled China (1927–1949)|Communist-controlled China]]
|[[Chinese Civil War|cca. 8 million]]
|[[Chinese Civil War|cca. 8 million]]
|Communist victory
|Communist victory
* Beginning of the [[Cross-Strait relations|Cross-Strait conflict]]
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Chinese Communist Revolution]] was the final stage of the [[Chinese Civil War]], that resulted in the victory of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] in [[Republic of China (1912–49)|China]] in 1949.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Yang |first1=Benjamin |last2=Saich |first2=Tony |title=The Rise to Power of the Chinese Communist Party: Documents and Analysis |date=2016 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=New York |isbn=978-1-56324-154-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Perry |first1=Elizabeth J. |editor1-last=Rudolph |editor1-first=Jennifer |editor2-last=Szonyi |editor2-first=Michael |title=The China Questions: Critical Insights into a Rising Power |date=2018 |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/elizabethperry/files/perry_is_the_chinese_communist_regime_legitimate_v2_jr_edits.pdf |access-date=17 February 2022 |chapter=Is the Chinese communist regime legitimate?}}</ref>}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Chinese Communist Revolution]] was the final stage of the [[Chinese Civil War]], that resulted in the victory of the [[Chinese Communist Party]] in [[Republic of China (1912–49)|China]] in 1949.<ref name="Yang"/><ref>{{cite book |last1=Perry |first1=Elizabeth J. |editor1-last=Rudolph |editor1-first=Jennifer |editor2-last=Szonyi |editor2-first=Michael |title=The China Questions: Critical Insights into a Rising Power |date=2018 |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/elizabethperry/files/perry_is_the_chinese_communist_regime_legitimate_v2_jr_edits.pdf |access-date=17 February 2022 |chapter=Is the Chinese communist regime legitimate? |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116033704/https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/elizabethperry/files/perry_is_the_chinese_communist_regime_legitimate_v2_jr_edits.pdf |archive-date=16 November 2022}}</ref>}}
|-
|-
|22 January 1932<ref>{{cite journal |last=Ching |first=Erik |title=In Search of the Party: The Communist Party, the Comintern, and the Peasant Rebellion of 1932 in El Salvador |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/615B58195201C855F08807DB851AB74B/S0003161500027553a.pdf/in-search-of-the-party-the-communist-party-the-comintern-and-the-peasant-rebellion-of-1932-in-el-salvador-.pdf |date=October 1998 |journal=The Americas |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=204–239 [205–206] |publisher=[[Furman University]] |location=[[Greenville, South Carolina]] |access-date=7 January 2022 |doi=10.2307/1008053 |jstor=1008053 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
|22 January 1932
|February 1932
|February 1932
|({{age in years and days|1932|01|22|1932|02|01|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1932|01|22|1932|02|01|duration=yes}})
|[[La Matanza|1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising]]
|[[La Matanza|1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of El Salvador.svg}} [[Military dictatorship in El Salvador|Republic of El Salvador]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of El Salvador.svg}} [[Military dictatorship in El Salvador|Republic of El Salvador]]
|{{flagicon image|Bandera del pcs.gif}} [[Communist Party of El Salvador]]<br/>[[Pipil people|Pipil]] rebels
|
* {{flagicon image|Bandera del pcs.gif}} [[Communist Party of El Salvador]]
* [[Pipil people|Pipil]] rebels
|Western [[El Salvador]]
|Western [[El Salvador]]
* {{Collapsible list|expanded=no|title=Departments:|framestyle=border:none; padding:0;|bullets=yes|1=[[Ahuachapán Department|Ahuachapán]]|2=[[La Libertad Department (El Salvador)|La Libertad]]|3=[[Santa Ana Department|Santa Ana]]|4=[[Sonsonate Department|Sonsonate]]}}
* {{Collapsible list|expanded=no|title=Departments:|framestyle=border:none; padding:0;|bullets=yes|1=[[Ahuachapán Department|Ahuachapán]]|2=[[La Libertad Department (El Salvador)|La Libertad]]|3=[[Santa Ana Department|Santa Ana]]|4=[[Sonsonate Department|Sonsonate]]}}
|10,000 – 40,000<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Tulchin |editor1-first=Joseph S. |editor2-last=Bland |editor2-first=Gary |name-list-style=amp |date=1992 |title=Is There a Transition to Democracy in El Salvador? |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=okB-QgAACAAJ |language=en |publisher=L. Rienner Publishers |isbn=9781555873103 |access-date=6 April 2022 |page=167}}</ref>
|10,000 – 40,000<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Tulchin |editor1-first=Joseph S. |editor2-last=Bland |editor2-first=Gary |name-list-style=amp |date=1992 |title=Is There a Transition to Democracy in El Salvador? |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=okB-QgAACAAJ |language=en |publisher=L. Rienner Publishers |isbn=9781555873103 |access-date=6 April 2022 |page=167}}</ref>
|Revolt suppressed, [[ethnocide]] of [[Pipil people]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lindo Fuentes |first1=Héctor |last2=Ching |first2=Erik |last3=Lara Martínez |first3=Rafael A. |name-list-style=amp |date=2007 |title=Remembering a Massacre in El Salvador: The Insurrection of 1932, Roque Dalton, and the Politics of Historical Memory |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AubqWtPHt1kC |language=en |location=[[Albuquerque, New Mexico]] |publisher=[[University of New Mexico Press]] |isbn=9780826336040 |pages=37, 62}}</ref>
|Revolt suppressed, [[ethnocide]] of [[Pipil people]]
|colspan=3|{{efn|The uprising, known as {{lang|es|La matanza}} (the slaughter), was a [[Pipil people|Pipil]] and peasant rebellion led by [[Farabundo Martí]].}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The uprising, known as {{lang|es|La matanza}} (the slaughter), was a [[Pipil people|Pipil]] and peasant rebellion led by [[Farabundo Martí]].}}
|-
|-
|19 July 1936
|19 July 1936
|25 May 1937
|25 May 1937
|({{age in years and days|1936|07|19|1937|05|25|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1936|07|19|1937|05|25|duration=yes}})
|[[Spanish Revolution of 1936]]
|[[Spanish Revolution of 1936]]
|{{flagcountry|Spanish Republic}}
|{{flagcountry|Spanish Republic}}
Line 275: Line 275:
|colspan=3|
|colspan=3|
|-
|-
|16 September 1942<ref name="Fischer">{{cite book |last=Fischer |first=Bernd Jürgen |author-link=Bernd Jürgen Fischer |title=Albania at war, 1939-1945 |edition=illustrated |publisher=[[C. Hurst & Co.]] |date=1999 |isbn=978-1-85065-531-2 |pages=129–130}}</ref>
|16 September 1942
|August 1945
|1945
|({{age in years and days|1942|09|16|1945|08|01|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1942|09|16|1945|08|01|duration=yes}})
|[[National Liberation Movement (Albania)|National Liberation Movement]]
|[[National Liberation Movement (Albania)|National Liberation Movement]]<ref name="Fischer"/>
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Albania (1943–1944).svg}} [[German occupation of Albania|Albanian Kingdom]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Albania (1943–1944).svg}} [[German occupation of Albania|Albanian Kingdom]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Democratic Government of Albania (1944–1946).svg}} [[National Liberation Movement (Albania)|National Anti-Fascist Liberation Movement]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Democratic Government of Albania (1944–1946).svg}} [[National Liberation Movement (Albania)|National Anti-Fascist Liberation Movement]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Ramet |first=Sabrina P. |author-link=Sabrina P. Ramet |date=2023 |chapter=Socialist Mavericks: Yugoslavia and Albania, 1943–1991 |title=East Central Europe and Communism: Politics, Culture, and Society, 1943–1991 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=9781032318202 |pages=231–314 [285–288]}}</ref>
|[[Albania]]
|[[Albania]]
|
|
Line 288: Line 288:
|16 August 1945
|16 August 1945
|30 August 1945
|30 August 1945
|({{age in years and days|1945|08|16|1945|08|30|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1945|08|16|1945|08|30|duration=yes}})
|[[August Revolution]]<ref>{{cite journal |last=Huynh |first=Kim Khanh |date=August 1971 |title=Vietnamese August Revolution Reinterpreted |url=https://scholar.google.com.sg/scholar?q=Duiker+W+J.+The+Communist+road+to+power+in+Vietnam&btnG=&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0%2C5 |journal=[[Journal of Asian Studies]] |volume=30 |number=4 |pages=761–782}}</ref>
|[[August Revolution]]<ref>{{cite journal |last=Huynh |first=Kim Khanh |date=August 1971 |title=Vietnamese August Revolution Reinterpreted |url=https://scholar.google.com.sg/scholar?q=Duiker+W+J.+The+Communist+road+to+power+in+Vietnam&btnG=&hl=zh-CN&as_sdt=0%2C5 |journal=[[Journal of Asian Studies]] |volume=30 |number=4 |pages=761–782}}</ref>
|{{flagdeco|Vietnam|1945}} [[Empire of Vietnam]]
|{{flagdeco|Vietnam|1945}} [[Empire of Vietnam]]
Line 302: Line 302:
|19 December 1946
|19 December 1946
|1 August 1954
|1 August 1954
|({{age in years and days|1946|12|19|1954|08|01|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1946|12|19|1954|08|01|duration=yes}})
|[[First Indochina War]]
|[[First Indochina War]]
|{{flagcountry|French Indochina}}
|{{flagcountry|French Indochina}}
|{{flagdeco|North Vietnam|1945}} [[North Vietnam|DR Vietnam]]
|{{flagdeco|North Vietnam|1945}} [[North Vietnam|DR Vietnam]]
* {{flagdeco|North Vietnam|1945}} [[Việt Minh]]
* {{flagdeco|North Vietnam|1945}} [[Việt Minh]]
{{nowrap|{{flagdeco|Laos}} [[Lao Issara]] {{small|(1945–1949)}}}}<br />{{nowrap|{{flagdeco|Laos}} [[Pathet Lao]] {{small|(1949–1954)}}<ref name="Dalloz">{{cite book |first=Jacques |last=Dalloz |title=La Guerre d'Indochine 1945–1954 |language=fr |trans-title=The Indochina War 1945–1954 |publisher=Seuil |location=Paris |date=1987 |pages=129–130, 206}}</ref>}}
{{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of Laos.svg}} [[Lao Issara]] {{small|(1945–1949)}}}}<br />{{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of Laos.svg}} [[Pathet Lao]] {{small|(1949–1954)}}<ref name="Dalloz">{{cite book |first=Jacques |last=Dalloz |title=La Guerre d'Indochine 1945–1954 |language=fr |trans-title=The Indochina War 1945–1954 |publisher=Seuil |location=Paris |date=1987 |pages=129–130, 206}}</ref>}}
{{nowrap|{{flagdeco|Cambodia|1975}} [[Khmer Issarak]]<ref name="Dalloz"/>}}
{{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg}} [[Khmer Issarak]]<ref name="Dalloz"/>}}
* {{nowrap|{{flagdeco|Cambodia|1975}} [[United Issarak Front]]}} {{small|(1950–1954)}}<ref>{{cite book |last=Kiernan |first=Ben |author-link=Ben Kiernan |title=How Pol Pot Came to Power |location=London |publisher=[[Verso Books]] |date=1985 |page=80}}</ref>
* {{nowrap|{{flagicon image|Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg}} [[United Issarak Front]]}} {{small|(1950–1954)}}<ref>{{cite book |last=Kiernan |first=Ben |author-link=Ben Kiernan |title=How Pol Pot Came to Power |location=London |publisher=[[Verso Books]] |date=1985 |page=80}}</ref>
|
|
|400,000–842,707 total killed<ref name="T. Lomperis, 1996">{{cite book |first=T. |last=Lomperis |title=From People's War to People's Rule |date=1996}}</ref><ref name="Clodfelter, Micheal 1995">{{cite book |last=Clodfelter |first=Micheal |title=Vietnam in Military Statistics |date=1995}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=S. |last=Karnow |title=Vietnam: a History |date=1983}}</ref>
|400,000–842,707 total killed<ref name="T. Lomperis, 1996">{{cite book |first=T. |last=Lomperis |title=From People's War to People's Rule |date=1996}}</ref><ref name="Clodfelter, Micheal 1995">{{cite book |last=Clodfelter |first=Micheal |title=Vietnam in Military Statistics |date=1995}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=S. |last=Karnow |title=Vietnam: a History |date=1983}}</ref>
Line 322: Line 322:
|2 April 1948<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hensengerth |first=Oliver |title=The Burmese Communist Party and the State-to-State Relations between China and Burma |url=http://www.smlc.leeds.ac.uk/eas/eas_content/resources/documents/67LEAP.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528034733/http://www.smlc.leeds.ac.uk/eas/eas_content/resources/documents/67LEAP.pdf |archive-date=28 May 2008 |year=2005 |journal=Leeds East Asia Papers |volume=67 |publisher=[[University of Leeds]] |pages=12–13}}</ref>
|2 April 1948<ref>{{cite journal |last=Hensengerth |first=Oliver |title=The Burmese Communist Party and the State-to-State Relations between China and Burma |url=http://www.smlc.leeds.ac.uk/eas/eas_content/resources/documents/67LEAP.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528034733/http://www.smlc.leeds.ac.uk/eas/eas_content/resources/documents/67LEAP.pdf |archive-date=28 May 2008 |year=2005 |journal=Leeds East Asia Papers |volume=67 |publisher=[[University of Leeds]] |pages=12–13}}</ref>
|16 April 1989<ref name="Tha31013">{{cite news |last1=Tha |first1=Kyaw Pho |title=The Demise of a Once Powerful Communist Party—Now in Myanmar |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/demise-powerful-communist-party-now-burmese.html |access-date=10 October 2018 |work=[[The Irrawaddy]] |date=3 October 2013 |archive-date=22 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222101014/https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/demise-powerful-communist-party-now-burmese.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
|16 April 1989<ref name="Tha31013">{{cite news |last1=Tha |first1=Kyaw Pho |title=The Demise of a Once Powerful Communist Party—Now in Myanmar |url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/demise-powerful-communist-party-now-burmese.html |access-date=10 October 2018 |work=[[The Irrawaddy]] |date=3 October 2013 |archive-date=22 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222101014/https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/demise-powerful-communist-party-now-burmese.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
||({{age in years and days|1948|04|02|1989|04|16|duration=yes}}
||({{age in years and days nts|1948|04|02|1989|04|16|duration=yes}}
|[[Communist insurgency in Myanmar]]
|[[Communist insurgency in Burma]]
| * {{flagdeco|Myanmar|1948}} [[Post-independence Burma (1948–1962)|Union of Burma]] (1948–1962)
|{{flagcountry|Myanmar}}
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the People's Liberation Army (Myanmar).png}} [[Communist Party of Burma]]
* {{flagdeco|Myanmar|1974}} [[Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma]] (1962–1988)
* {{flagdeco|Myanmar|1974}} [[State Peace and Development Council|Union of Burma]] (1988–1989)
| * {{flagicon image|Communist Party of Burma flag (1946-1969).png}} [[Communist Party of Burma]] (1948–1989)
* {{flagicon image|Communist Party of Burma flag (1939-1946) and (1946-1970).svg}} [[Communist Party (Burma)]] (1948–1978)
* [[Shan State Communist Party]] (1956–1958)<ref name="Fleischmann">{{cite book |last=Fleischmann |first=Klaus |title=Die Kommunistische Partei Birmas – Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart |language=de |trans-title=The Communist Party of Burma – From the Beginnings to the Present |location= [[Hamburg]] |publisher=Institut für Asienkunde |date=1989 |page=405}}</ref>
* [[Communist Party of Arakan]] (1962–1986)

{{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Liberation Army (Myanmar).png}} [[Communist Party of Burma]]
* People's Army of Burma
* People's Army of Burma
|[[Shan State]]
|[[Shan State]]
Line 334: Line 341:
|16 June 1948
|16 June 1948
|31 July 1960
|31 July 1960
|({{age in years and days|1948|06|16|1960|07|31|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1948|06|16|1960|07|31|duration=yes}})
|[[Malayan Emergency]]
|[[Malayan Emergency]]
|
|
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|colspan=3|
|colspan=3|
|-
|-
|26 July 1953<ref name="Faria">{{cite web |last1=Faria |first1=Miguel A. Jr. |author1-link=Miguel A. Faria, Jr. |title=Fidel Castro and the 26th of July Movement |url=http://haciendapublishing.com/articles/fidel-castro-and-26th-july-movement |publisher=[[Newsmax Media]] |access-date=14 August 2015 |date=27 July 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150822211554/http://haciendapublishing.com/articles/fidel-castro-and-26th-july-movement |archive-date=22 August 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|26 July 1953
|1 January 1959<ref>{{cite book |last1=Anderson |first1=Jon Lee |author1-link= Jon Lee Anderson |title=Che Guevara: a revolutionary life |date=1997 |publisher=[[Grove Press]] |location=New York |isbn=0802116000 |language=en |url=https://archive.org/details/cheguevara00jonl |pages=376–405}}</ref>
|1 January 1959
|({{age in years and days|1953|07|26|1959|01|01|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1953|07|26|1959|01|01|duration=yes}})
|[[Cuban Revolution]]
|[[Cuban Revolution]]
|{{flagcountry|Cuba}}
|{{flagcountry|Cuba}}
|{{flagicon image|M-26-7.svg}} [[26th of July Movement]]<br/>{{flagicon image|Bandera del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil.svg}} [[Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil|Student Revolutionary Directorate]]<br/>{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Revolutionary Directorate.svg}} [[Second National Front of Escambray]]
|{{flagicon image|M-26-7.svg}} [[26th of July Movement]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Kapcia |first=Antoni |date=2020 |title=A Short History of Revolutionary Cuba Revolution, Power, Authority and the State from 1959 to the Present Day |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jmMNEAAAQBAJ |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]] |pages=15–19 |isbn=978-1786736475}}</ref><br/>{{flagicon image|Bandera del Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil.svg}} [[Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil|Student Revolutionary Directorate]]<br/>{{flagicon image|Flag of the Revolutionary Directorate.svg}} [[Second National Front of Escambray]]
|
|
|3,000<ref name=Dixon>{{cite book |last1=Dixon |first1=Jeffrey S. |last2=Sarkees |first2=Meredith Reid |title=A Guide to Intra-state Wars: An Examination of Civil, Regional, and Intercommunal Wars, 1816–2014 |date=2015 |publisher=CQ Press |page=98}}</ref>
|3,000<ref name=Dixon>{{cite book |last1=Dixon |first1=Jeffrey S. |last2=Sarkees |first2=Meredith Reid |title=A Guide to Intra-state Wars: An Examination of Civil, Regional, and Intercommunal Wars, 1816–2014 |date=2015 |publisher=[[CQ Press]] |page=98}}</ref>
|26 July Movement victory
|26 July Movement victory
* Overthrow of [[Fulgencio Batista]]'s government
* Overthrow of [[Fulgencio Batista]]'s government
* Establishment of a government led by [[Fidel Castro]]
* Establishment of a government led by [[Fidel Castro]]
* [[Escambray rebellion]]<ref>{{cite journal |last=Brown |first=Jonathan |title=The bandido counterrevolution in Cuba, 1959–1965 |journal=Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos |date=2017 |url=https://journals.openedition.org/nuevomundo/71412 |doi=10.4000/nuevomundo.71412 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Warner, Michael">{{Cite book |title=The CIA's internal probe of the Bay of Pigs affair |last=Warner |first=Michael |date= |publisher=[Forgotten History] |oclc=176629005 |url=https://www.cia.gov/static/7b51cd5fb4a1a1751ec567340b8c9a1c/Internal-Probe-Bay-Pigs.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919135227/https://www.cia.gov/static/7b51cd5fb4a1a1751ec567340b8c9a1c/Internal-Probe-Bay-Pigs.pdf |archive-date=19 September 2023}}</ref>
* [[Escambray rebellion]]
|colspan=3|{{efn|Nationalistic revolution led by [[Fidel Castro]] and [[Che Guevara]] which overthrew former president [[Fulgencio Batista]] and instated a Marxist–Leninist socialist regime later on in [[Cuba]]. Even though Batista had been elected for his first term, he achieved power for his second term through a [[coup d'état]].}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|Nationalistic revolution led by [[Fidel Castro]] and [[Che Guevara]] which overthrew former president [[Fulgencio Batista]] and instated a Marxist–Leninist socialist regime later on in [[Cuba]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Jason |last=Beaubien |date=1 January 2009 |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=98937598 |title=Cuba Marks 50 Years Since 'Triumphant Revolution' |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527023421/https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=98937598 |archive-date=27 May 2018 |work=[[NPR]] |access-date=9 July 2013}}</ref> Even though Batista had been elected for his first term, he achieved power for his second term through a [[coup d'état]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Cavendish |first=Richard |author-link=Richard Cavendish (occult writer) |title=General Batista Returns to Power in Cuba |url=http://www.historytoday.com/richard-cavendish/general-batista-returns-power-cuba |magazine=[[History Today]] |location=London |publisher=History Today Ltd |date=March 2002 |volume=52 |issue=3 |access-date=30 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231006194545/https://www.historytoday.com/archive/months-past/coup-cuba |archive-date=6 October 2023}}</ref>}}
|-
|-
|1 November 1955
|1 November 1955
|30 April 1975<ref name="mtholyoke.edu">{{Cite report |url=https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/paris.htm |title=The Paris Agreement on Vietnam: Twenty-five Years Later |date=April 1998 |publisher=The Nixon Center |location=Washington, DC |access-date=5 September 2012 |type=Conference Transcript |via=International Relations Department, Mount Holyoke College |archive-date=1 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901153020/https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/paris.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|30 April 1975<ref name="mtholyoke.edu">{{Cite report |url=https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/paris.htm |title=The Paris Agreement on Vietnam: Twenty-five Years Later |date=April 1998 |publisher=The Nixon Center |location=Washington, DC |access-date=5 September 2012 |type=Conference Transcript |via=International Relations Department, Mount Holyoke College |archive-date=1 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901153020/https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/paris.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|({{age in years and days|1955|11|01|1975|04|30|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1955|11|01|1975|04|30|duration=yes}})
|[[Vietnam War]]
|[[Vietnam War]]
|{{flagcountry|South Vietnam}}
|{{flagcountry|South Vietnam}}
|{{Flagicon image|FNL Flag.svg}} [[Viet Cong]]
|{{flagicon image|FNL Flag.svg}} [[Viet Cong]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of the People's Liberation Armed Forces of South Viet Nam.svg}}[[People's Liberation Armed Forces of South Vietnam]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Liberation Armed Forces of South Viet Nam.svg}}[[People's Liberation Armed Forces of South Vietnam]]
|[[Memot District]] {{small|(1966–72)}}<br />[[Lộc Ninh, Bình Phước|Lộc Ninh]] {{small|(1972–75)}}
|[[Memot District]] {{small|(1966–72)}}<br />[[Lộc Ninh, Bình Phước|Lộc Ninh]] {{small|(1972–75)}}
|1,326,494–3,447,494<ref name="hawaii.edu">{{cite web |last=Rummel |first=R. J. |title=Table 6.1B: Vietnam Democide Estimates, Sources, and Calculations |at=Lines 777–785 |url=http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB6.1B.GIF |format=GIF |access-date=24 November 2014 |website=[[University of Hawaiʻi]]}}</ref>
|1,326,494–3,447,494<ref name="hawaii.edu">{{cite web |last=Rummel |first=R. J. |title=Table 6.1B: Vietnam Democide Estimates, Sources, and Calculations |at=Lines 777–785 |url=http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB6.1B.GIF |format=GIF |access-date=24 November 2014 |website=[[University of Hawaiʻi]]}}</ref>
Line 376: Line 383:
|23 May 1959
|23 May 1959
|2 December 1975
|2 December 1975
|({{age in years and days|1959|05|23|1975|12|02|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1959|05|23|1975|12|02|duration=yes}})
|[[Laotian Civil War]]
|[[Laotian Civil War]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Laos}}
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Laos}}
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party.svg}} [[Lao People's Revolutionary Party|Lao People's Party]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party.svg}} [[Lao People's Revolutionary Party|Lao People's Party]]
* {{Flagdeco|Laos}} [[Pathet Lao]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Laos.svg}} [[Pathet Lao]]
{{flagcountry|North Vietnam}}
|[[Xam Neua]]
|[[Xam Neua]]
|20,000–62,000 killed<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Obermeyer |first1=Ziad |last2=Murray |first2=Christopher J. L. |last3=Gakidou |first3=Emmanuela |year=2008 |title=Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme |journal=[[British Medical Journal]] |volume=336 |issue=7659 |pages=1482–6 |doi=10.1136/bmj.a137 |pmid=18566045 |pmc=2440905}} See Table 3.</ref>
|20,000–62,000 killed<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Obermeyer |first1=Ziad |last2=Murray |first2=Christopher J. L. |last3=Gakidou |first3=Emmanuela |year=2008 |title=Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme |journal=[[British Medical Journal]] |volume=336 |issue=7659 |pages=1482–6 |doi=10.1136/bmj.a137 |pmid=18566045 |pmc=2440905}} See Table 3.</ref>
|[[Pathet Lao]] and [[North Vietnam]]ese victory
|Communist victory
* Establishment of the [[Laos|Lao People's Democratic Republic]]
* End of the [[Kingdom of Laos]]
* [[Insurgency in Laos|Small scale insurgency]] by anti-[[Pathet Lao]] factions
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Laotian Civil War]] resulting in the victory of the communist [[Pathet Lao]]/[[Lao People's Revolutionary Party]] in [[Laos]] by 1975, eliminating a coalition government with [[Anti-communism|anti-communists]] led to the establishment of the communist-administered [[Laos|Lao People's Democratic Republic]].}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Laotian Civil War]] resulting in the victory of the communist [[Pathet Lao]]/[[Lao People's Revolutionary Party]] in [[Laos]] by 1975, eliminating a coalition government with [[Anti-communism|anti-communists]] led to the establishment of the communist-administered [[Laos|Lao People's Democratic Republic]].}}
|-
|-
|19 July 1961
|19 July 1961
|17 July 1979
|17 July 1979
|({{age in years and days|1961|07|19|1979|07|17|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1961|07|19|1979|07|17|duration=yes}})
|[[Nicaraguan Revolution]]
|[[Nicaraguan Revolution]]
|{{flagcountry|Nicaragua}}
|{{flagcountry|Nicaragua}}
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the FSLN.svg}} [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|Sandinistas]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_FSLN.svg}} [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|FSLN]]
* Sandinista Popular Army
* [[Sandinista Popular Army|EPS]]
[[Marxist–Leninist Popular Action Movement|MAP-ML]] (1978–1979)
* [[MILPAS]]
{{flag|Panama}} (1978–1979)<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/850812/summary |title=Omar Torrijos and the Sandinista Revolution |last=Brown |first=Jonathan C. |journal=The Latin Americanist |year=2022 |volume=66 |pages=25–45 |doi=10.1353/tla.2022.0003 |s2cid=247623108}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/5115289/mod_folder/content/0/Aula%2013_Nicaragua_Nateras%202018.pdf |title=The Sandinista Revolution and the Limits of the Cold War in Latin America: The Dilemma of Nonintervention During the Nicaraguan Crisis, 1977–78 |last=Sánchez Nateras |first=Gerardo |journal=[[Cold War History (journal)|Cold War History]] |year=2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231010194035/https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/5115289/mod_folder/content/0/Aula%2013_Nicaragua_Nateras%202018.pdf |archive-date=10 October 2023}}</ref>
|[[North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region]]
|[[North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region]]
|30,000+ killed
|30,000+ killed
|Communist victory
|FSLN military victory in 1979
* Overthrow of [[Somoza family|Somoza government]] in 1979
* Insurgency of the [[Contras]]
* FSLN junta led by Daniel Ortega take power of Nicaragua in 1981<ref>{{citation |contribution=Daniel Ortega |title=Encyclopædia Britannica |year=1993 |edition=15th}}</ref>
* Electoral victory of FSLN in [[1984 Nicaraguan general election|1984]]
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Nicaraguan Revolution]] that overthrew the dictator [[Anastasio Somoza Debayle]] and brought the [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|Sandinistas]] to power in [[Nicaragua]] from 1979 to 1990.}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Nicaraguan Revolution]] that overthrew the dictator [[Anastasio Somoza Debayle]] and brought the [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|Sandinistas]] to power in [[Nicaragua]] from 1979 to 1990.}}
|-
|-
|{{circa|December 1962}}
|{{circa|December 1962}}
|3 November 1990<ref name="chanwong"> {{Cite news |last1=Chan |first1=Francis |last2=Wong |first2=Phyllis |date=16 September 2011 |title=Saga of communist insurgency in Sarawak |url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/09/16/saga-of-communist-insurgency-in-sarawak/ |access-date=10 January 2013 |work=[[The Borneo Post]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224195925/http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/09/16/saga-of-communist-insurgency-in-sarawak/ |archive-date=24 December 2013}}</ref>{{sfn|Kheng|2009|p=149}}
|3 November 1990
|({{age in years and days|1962|12|01|1990|11|03|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1962|12|01|1990|11|03|duration=yes}})
|[[Communist insurgency in Sarawak]]
|[[Communist insurgency in Sarawak]]
|{{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
|{{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Sarawak People's Guerilla Force.svg}} [[North Kalimantan Communist Party]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Sarawak People's Guerilla Force.svg}} [[North Kalimantan Communist Party]]{{sfn|Kheng|2009|p=149}}
* North Kalimantan People's Army
* North Kalimantan People's Army
|[[Sarawak]]
|[[Sarawak]]
|400–500 killed
|400–500 killed
|Government victory
|Government victory
* Peace Declaration of [[Simanggang|Sri Aman]] in 1973<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/11/03/the-day-the-insurgency-ended/ |title=The day the insurgency ended |first=Wilfred |last=Pilo |work=[[The Borneo Post]] |date=3 November 2013 |access-date=5 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326184305/https://www.theborneopost.com/2013/11/03/the-day-the-insurgency-ended/ |archive-date=26 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2014/08/05/former-enemies-meet-as-friends-40-years-later/ |title=Former enemies meet as friends 40 years later |first=Wilfred |last=Pilo |work=[[The Borneo Post]] |date=5 August 2014 |access-date=6 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326182507/https://www.theborneopost.com/2014/08/05/former-enemies-meet-as-friends-40-years-later/ |archive-date=26 March 2023}}</ref>
* Dissolution of the [[North Kalimantan Communist Party|Sarawak Communist Organisation/North Kalimantan Communist Party]] (SCO/NKCP).<ref name="chanwong"/>
|colspan=3|
|colspan=3|
|-
|-
|1965
|1965
|1983
|1983
|{{Age in years, months, weeks and days|year1=1965|year2=1983}}
|({{age in years and days nts|1965|01|01|1983|01|01|duration=yes}})
|[[Communist insurgency in Thailand]]
|[[Communist insurgency in Thailand]]
|{{flagcountry|Thailand}}
|{{flagcountry|Thailand}}
|
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Thailand.svg}} [[Communist Party of Thailand]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Thailand.svg}} [[Communist Party of Thailand]]
* People's Liberation Army of Thailand
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Malaya.svg}} [[Malayan Communist Party]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Sison |first=Jose Maria |author-link=Jose Maria Sison |title=Notes on People's War in Southeast Asia |url=http://home.casema.nl/ndf/archive/2007/archive0015.html |website=[[National Democratic Front of the Philippines]] |date=19 May 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071018102514/http://home.casema.nl/ndf/archive/2007/archive0015.html |archive-date=18 October 2007}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Laos.svg}} [[Pathet Lao]]<ref name="CIA">{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/doc-5266/ |title=Communist Insurgency In Thailand |work=CIA Report |date=July 1966 |access-date=23 November 2022}}</ref><ref name="AUK">{{cite web |url=http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/milreview/marks.pdf |title=Anatomy of a Counterinsurgency Victory |date=January 2007 |access-date=1 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052956/http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/milreview/marks.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg}} [[Khmer Rouge]] (until 1978, 1979-1983)<ref name="CIA"/><ref name="AUK"/>
|[[Nakhon Phanom Province]]
|[[Nakhon Phanom Province]]
|6,762+ killed<ref>{{harvnb|Prizzia|1985|pp=[https://archive.org/details/thailand-in-transition-the-role-of-oppositional-forces/page/19/mode/2up 19–20], [https://archive.org/details/thailand-in-transition-the-role-of-oppositional-forces/page/23/mode/2up 24]}}; {{harvnb|Damrongviteetham|2013|p=101}}; {{harvnb|Koplowitz|1967}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mca-marines.org/gazette/communist-insurgency-thailand |title=The Communist Insurgency In Thailand |website=[[Marine Corps Gazette]] |date=March 1973 |access-date=1 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001133112/https://www.mca-marines.org/gazette/communist-insurgency-thailand |archive-date=1 October 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|1,450+ soldiers, police, and officials killed
|Government victory
| Thai government victory
* Amnesty declared on 23 April 1980 by the Thai government
* [[Order 66/2523]] signed by Prime Minister [[Prem Tinsulanonda]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bunbongkarn |first1=Suchit |editor1-first=R. J. |editor1-last=May |editor2-first=Viberto |editor2-last=Selochan |title=The Military and Democracy in Asia and the Pacific |date=2004 |publisher=[[ANU Press]] |isbn=1920942017 |pages=52–54 |url=https://press.anu.edu.au/publications/military-and-democracy-asia-and-pacific |access-date=17 June 2014 |chapter=The Military and Democracy in Thailand |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029123447/https://press.anu.edu.au/publications/military-and-democracy-asia-and-pacific |archive-date=29 October 2023}}</ref>
* Communist insurgency declines and ends in 1983
|colspan=3|
|colspan=3|
|-
|-
|18 May 1967
|18 May 1967
|Present
|Present
|({{age in years and days|1967|05|18| | | |duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1967|05|18| | | |duration=yes}})
|
|
* [[Naxalbari uprising]]
* [[Naxalbari uprising]]
* [[Naxalite–Maoist insurgency]]
* [[Naxalite–Maoist insurgency]]
|{{flagcountry|India}}
|{{flagcountry|India}}
|{{Flagicon image|South Asian Communist Banner.svg}} [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)]]
|{{flagicon image|South Asian Communist Banner.svg}} [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)]]
* {{Flagicon image|}}[[People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (India)|People's Liberation Guerrilla Army]]
* {{flagicon image|}}[[People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (India)|People's Liberation Guerrilla Army]]
|[[Red corridor]]
|[[Red corridor]]
|Since 1997: 13,060–14,552<ref name="satp1">{{cite web |url=http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/data_sheets/fatalitiesnaxalmha.htm |title=Fatalities in Left-wing Extremism: 1999–2016* (MHA) |access-date=26 October 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008023622/http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/data_sheets/fatalitiesnaxalmha.htm |archive-date=8 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="justicegov">{{cite web |url=https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2014/02/25/India_Maoist.pdf |title=Armed Conflicts Report – India-Andhra Pradesh |publisher=Ploughshares |access-date=17 March 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20090318012208/http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2014/02/25/India_Maoist.pdf |archive-date=18 March 2009}}</ref>
|Since 1997: 13,060–14,552<ref name="satp1">{{cite web |url=http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/data_sheets/fatalitiesnaxalmha.htm |title=Fatalities in Left-wing Extremism: 1999–2016* (MHA) |access-date=26 October 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008023622/http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/data_sheets/fatalitiesnaxalmha.htm |archive-date=8 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="justicegov">{{cite web |url=https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2014/02/25/India_Maoist.pdf |title=Armed Conflicts Report – India-Andhra Pradesh |publisher=[[Project Ploughshares]] |access-date=17 March 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20090318012208/http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2014/02/25/India_Maoist.pdf |archive-date=18 March 2009}}</ref>
|Ongoing
|Ongoing
|colspan=3|{{efn|
|colspan=3|{{efn|
Line 441: Line 467:
|17 June 1968
|17 June 1968
|2 December 1989
|2 December 1989
|({{age in years and days|1968|06|17|1989|12|02|duration=yes}})<ref>{{Cite book |last=Navaratnam |first=A. |title=The Spear and the Kerambit: The Exploits of VAT 69, Malaysia's Elite Fighting Force, 1968–1989 |publisher=Utusan Publications and Distributions |year=2001 |isbn=967-61-1196-1 |location=[[Kuala Lumpur]] |pages=7–8, 189–90}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Peng |first=Chin |title=My Side of History |publisher=Media Masters |year=2003 |isbn=981-04-8693-6 |location=Singapore |page=465}}</ref>
|({{age in years and days nts|1968|06|17|1989|12|02|duration=yes}})<ref>{{Cite book |last=Navaratnam |first=A. |title=The Spear and the Kerambit: The Exploits of VAT 69, Malaysia's Elite Fighting Force, 1968–1989 |publisher=Utusan Publications and Distributions |year=2001 |isbn=967-61-1196-1 |location=[[Kuala Lumpur]] |pages=7–8, 189–90}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Peng |first=Chin |title=My Side of History |publisher=Media Masters |year=2003 |isbn=981-04-8693-6 |location=Singapore |page=465}}</ref>
|[[Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989)|Communist insurgency in Malaysia]]
|[[Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989)|Communist insurgency in Malaysia]]
|{{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
|{{flagcountry|Malaysia}}
Line 450: Line 476:
|[[Peace Agreement of Hat Yai (1989)|Peace Agreement of Hat Yai]] signed
|[[Peace Agreement of Hat Yai (1989)|Peace Agreement of Hat Yai]] signed
* Dissolution of the [[Malayan Communist Party]] (MCP){{sfn|Navaratnam|2001|pp=189–190}}{{sfn|Peng|2003|pp=189–199}}
* Dissolution of the [[Malayan Communist Party]] (MCP){{sfn|Navaratnam|2001|pp=189–190}}{{sfn|Peng|2003|pp=189–199}}
* Insurgency continues in Sarawak until [[Communist insurgency in Sarawak#Defections and decline|1990]]<ref name="cbk">{{Cite journal |last=Cheah Boon Kheng |year=2009 |title=The Communist Insurgency in Malaysia, 1948–90: Contesting the Nation-State and Social Change |url=http://www.nzasia.org.nz/downloads/NZJAS-June09/14_Cheah_3.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=[[New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies]] |publisher=[[University of Auckland]] |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=132–52 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220110219/http://nzasia.org.nz/downloads/NZJAS-June09/14_Cheah_3.pdf |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=5 January 2013}}</ref><ref name="chanwong">{{Cite web |last1=Chan |first1=Francis |last2=Wong |first2=Phyllis |date=16 September 2011 |title=Saga of communist insurgency in Sarawak |url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/09/16/saga-of-communist-insurgency-in-sarawak/ |access-date=10 January 2013 |publisher=[[The Borneo Post]] |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224195925/http://www.theborneopost.com/2011/09/16/saga-of-communist-insurgency-in-sarawak/ |archive-date=24 December 2013}}</ref>
* Insurgency continues in Sarawak until [[Communist insurgency in Sarawak#Defections and decline|1990]]<ref name="cbk">{{Cite journal |last=Cheah Boon Kheng |year=2009 |title=The Communist Insurgency in Malaysia, 1948–90: Contesting the Nation-State and Social Change |url=http://www.nzasia.org.nz/downloads/NZJAS-June09/14_Cheah_3.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=[[New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies]] |publisher=[[University of Auckland]] |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=132–52 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220110219/http://nzasia.org.nz/downloads/NZJAS-June09/14_Cheah_3.pdf |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=5 January 2013}}</ref><ref name="chanwong"/>
|colspan=3|
|colspan=3|
|-
|-
|17 January 1968
|17 January 1968
|17 April 1975
|17 April 1975
|({{age in years and days|1968|01|17|1975|04|17|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1968|01|17|1975|04|17|duration=yes}})
|[[Cambodian Civil War]]
|[[Cambodian Civil War]]
|{{flagcountry|Cambodia}}
|{{flagcountry|Cambodia}}
|{{Flagicon image|Banner of the Communist Party of Kampuchea.svg}} [[Communist Party of Kampuchea]]
|{{flagicon image|Banner of the Communist Party of Kampuchea.svg}} [[Communist Party of Kampuchea]]
* {{Flagdeco|Democratic Kampuchea}} [[Khmer Rouge]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg}} [[Khmer Rouge]]
|[[Ratanakiri Province]]
|[[Ratanakiri Province]]
|275,000–310,000 killed
|275,000–310,000 killed
Line 467: Line 492:
|-
|-
|29 March 1969
|29 March 1969
|Present<ref name="ProjectPloughshares">{{Cite web |title=Armed Conflicts: Philippines-CPP/NPA (1969–2017) |url=https://ploughshares.ca/pl_armedconflict/philippines-cppnpa-1969-first-combat-deaths/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927144414/http://ploughshares.ca/pl_armedconflict/philippines-cppnpa-1969-first-combat-deaths/ |archive-date=27 September 2018 |access-date=15 April 2020 |website=[[Project Ploughshares]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
|Present
|({{age in years and days|1969|03|29| | | |duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1969|03|29| | | |duration=yes}})
|[[New People's Army rebellion]]
|[[Communist rebellion in the Philippines]]
|{{flagcountry|Philippines}}
|{{flagcountry|Philippines}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of the Philippines (alternative II).svg}} [[Communist Party of the Philippines]]<ref name="SCMPexplainer">{{Cite news |first=Alan |last=Robles |date=16 September 2019 |title=Philippines' communist rebellion is Asia's longest-running insurgency |language=en |work=[[South China Morning Post]] |url=https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3027414/explained-philippines-communist-rebellion-asias-longest-running |url-status=live |access-date=23 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916060538/https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/politics/article/3027414/explained-philippines-communist-rebellion-asias-longest-running |archive-date=16 September 2019}}</ref>
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of the Philippines (alternative II).svg}} [[Communist Party of the Philippines]]
* {{Flagicon image|}} [[New People's Army]]
* {{flagicon image|Infoboxnpa.png}} [[New People's Army]]
|[[Samar]]
|[[Samar]]
|43,000+ killed (up to 2008)
|[[Communist rebellion in the Philippines|more than 40,000]]
|Ongoing<ref name="StanfordFSICISACMapping">{{Cite news |title=Mapping Militants Profile: Communist Party of the Philippines – New People's Army |website=cisac.fsi.stanford.edu |publisher=Stanford University Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies – Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC) |location=[[Stanford University]], Stanford, California |url=https://cisac.fsi.stanford.edu/mappingmilitants/profiles/communist-party-philippines-new-peoples-army |access-date=16 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208081204/https://cisac.fsi.stanford.edu/mappingmilitants/profiles/communist-party-philippines-new-peoples-army |archive-date=8 December 2023}}</ref>
|Ongoing
|colspan=3|{{efn|[[Maoism|Maoist]]-styled "[[Communist rebellion in the Philippines|Protracted People's War]]" in the [[Philippines]], launched by the [[Communist Party of the Philippines]] through the [[New People's Army]] in 1969 and continuing at present.}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|[[Maoism|Maoist]]-styled "[[Communist rebellion in the Philippines|Protracted People's War]]" in the Philippines.<ref name="jmsfoundation2">{{cite book |last1=Sison |first1=Jose Maria |author1-link=Jose Maria Sison |title=Foundation for resuming the Philippine revolution: selected writings, 1968 to 1972 |date=2013 |isbn=978-1-62847-920-1 |publisher=International Network for Philippine Studies |chapter=Basic Rules of the New People's Army |page=119}}</ref>}}
|-
|-
|21 October 1969
|21 October 1969
|21 October 1969
|21 October 1969
|({{age in years and days|1969|10|21|1969|10|21|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1969|10|21|1969|10|21|duration=yes}})
|[[1969 Somali coup d'état]]
|[[1969 Somali coup d'état]]
|{{flagicon|Somalia}} [[Somali Republic]]
|{{flagicon|Somalia}} [[Somali Republic]]
Line 486: Line 511:
|[[Mogadishu]]
|[[Mogadishu]]
|
|
| Supreme Revolutionary Council victory <ref name="Dickovick2014">{{cite book |first=J. Tyler |last=Dickovick |title=Africa 2014 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BHpNBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA230 |date=14 August 2014 |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |isbn=978-1-4758-1238-1 |pages=230–}}</ref>
|Supreme Revolutionary Council victory<ref name="Dickovick2014">{{cite book |first=J. Tyler |last=Dickovick |title=Africa 2014 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BHpNBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA230 |date=14 August 2014 |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |isbn=978-1-4758-1238-1 |pages=230–}}</ref>
* Somali Republic deposed
* Somali Republic deposed
* [[Somali Democratic Republic]] established
* [[Somali Democratic Republic]] established
|colspan=3|
|-
|19 July 1970<ref name="Tiempos">{{cite news |title=A 40 años de la guerrilla de Teoponte |trans-title=40 Years After the Teoponte Guerrilla |url=http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20100718/a-40-anos-de-la-guerrilla-de-teoponte_80984_153516.html |access-date=29 June 2020 |agency=[[Los Tiempos]] |date=18 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303214142/http://www.lostiempos.com/diario/actualidad/nacional/20100718/a-40-anos-de-la-guerrilla-de-teoponte_80984_153516.html |archive-date=3 March 2016 |language=es}}</ref>
|1 November 1970
|({{age in years and days nts|1970|07|19|1970|11|01|duration=yes}})
|[[Teoponte Guerrilla]]
|{{flagcountry|Bolivia}}
|{{flagicon image|Flag red black 5x3.svg}} {{lang|es|Guerrilla de Teoponte}} ({{lang|es|Ejército de Liberación Nacional}})<ref name="Tiempos"/>
|[[Teoponte Municipality]]
|
|Bolivian government victory
|colspan=3|
|colspan=3|
|-
|-
|5 April 1971
|5 April 1971
|June 1971
|June 1971
|({{age in years and days|1971|04|05|1971|06|05|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1971|04|05|1971|06|05|duration=yes}})
|[[1971 JVP insurrection]]
|[[1971 JVP insurrection]]
|{{flagicon image| Flag of Ceylon (1951–1972).svg}} [[Dominion of Ceylon]]
|{{flagicon image| Flag of Ceylon (1951–1972).svg}} [[Dominion of Ceylon]]
| {{Flagicon image|Communist Hammer and Sickle flag.svg}} [[Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna|JVP]]
| {{flagicon image|Communist Hammer and Sickle flag.svg}} [[Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna|JVP]]
*{{Flagicon image|Communist Hammer and Sickle flag.svg}} State of Augestan
* {{flagicon image|Communist Hammer and Sickle flag.svg}} State of Augestan
| [[Southern Province, Sri Lanka|Southern Province]] and [[Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka|Sabaragamuwa Province]]
| [[Southern Province, Sri Lanka|Southern Province]] and [[Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka|Sabaragamuwa Province]]
|Official: 1,200<br/>Estimated: 4,000–5,000 <ref>{{cite web |last1=Hettiarachchi |first1=Kumudini |last2=Sadanandan |first2=Renuka |date=8 April 2001 |url=http://sundaytimes.lk/010408/spec.html |title=Crushing the revolt |work=Sunday Times |access-date=12 December 2014 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kearney |first1=Robert N. |title=Educational Expansion and Political Volatility in Sri Lanka: The 1971 Insurrection |journal=[[Asian Survey]] |date=1975 |volume=15 |issue=9 |pages=727–744 |doi=10.2307/2643170 |jstor=2643170 |issn=0004-4687}}</ref>
|Official: 1,200<br/>Estimated: 4,000–5,000<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hettiarachchi |first1=Kumudini |last2=Sadanandan |first2=Renuka |date=8 April 2001 |url=http://sundaytimes.lk/010408/spec.html |title=Crushing the revolt |work=Sunday Times |access-date=12 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812175835/https://www.sundaytimes.lk/010408/spec.html |archive-date=12 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kearney |first1=Robert N. |title=Educational Expansion and Political Volatility in Sri Lanka: The 1971 Insurrection |journal=[[Asian Survey]] |date=1975 |volume=15 |issue=9 |pages=727–744 |doi=10.2307/2643170 |jstor=2643170 |issn=0004-4687}}</ref>
| Ceylonese government victory<ref name="retrospect">{{cite news |url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/010401/spec.html |title=Revolution in retrospect |date=1 April 2001 |work=[[The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)|The Sunday Times]] |access-date=12 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230424171021/https://www.sundaytimes.lk/010401/spec.html |archive-date=24 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="Somasundaram2">{{cite news |last1=Somasundaram |first1=Jayantha |date=6 April 2021 |title=The JVP's Military Battle for Power (The April 1971 Revolt – II) |url=https://island.lk/the-jvps-military-battle-for-power/ |access-date=28 January 2022 |work=[[The Island (Sri Lanka)|The Island]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129153458/https://island.lk/the-jvps-military-battle-for-power/ |archive-date=29 January 2022}}</ref>
| Ceylonese government victory
* Rebel leaders were captured and the remaining members surrendered
* Rebel leaders were captured and the remaining members surrendered
* Ceylonese government re-established control of the entire island
* Ceylonese government re-established control of the entire island
* Expulsion of North Korean diplomats
* Expulsion of North Korean diplomats
|colspan=3|
|-
|19 July 1971
|22 July 1971
|({{age in years and days nts|1971|07|19|1971|07|22|duration=yes}})<ref name="Korn">{{cite book |last=Korn |first=David A. |date=1993 |title=Assassination in Khartoum |publisher=[[Indiana University Press]] |isbn=978-0253332028 |page=87}}</ref>
|[[1971 Sudanese coup d'état]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Sudan.svg}} [[Democratic Republic of Sudan]]
|Revolutionary Council
* {{flagicon image|Emblem of the Sudanese Communist Party.svg}} [[Sudanese Communist Party]]
* Rebel military units
|[[Khartoum]]
|
|Coup attempt fails
* [[Gaafar Nimeiry|Nimeiry government]] restored
* [[Anti-communist]] [[purge]]s by government forces
* Execution of rebelling officers
* Execution of several Sudanese Communist Party leaders
* Consolidation of Nimeiry's control
|colspan=3|
|colspan=3|
|-
|-
|24 April 1972
|24 April 1972
|Present
|Present
|({{age in years and days|1972|04|24| | | |duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1972|04|24| | | |duration=yes}})
|[[Maoist insurgency in Turkey]]
|[[Maoist insurgency in Turkey]]
|{{flagcountry|Turkey}}
|{{flagcountry|Turkey}}
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of Communist Party of Turkey-Marxist–Leninist.svg}} [[Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Communist Party of Turkey-Marxist–Leninist.svg}} [[Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist]]
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of TiKKO.svg}} Liberation Army of the Workers and Peasants of Turkey
* {{flagicon image|Flag of TiKKO.svg}} Liberation Army of the Workers and Peasants of Turkey
{{flagicon image|MKP-FLAG.svg}} [[Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)|MKP-HKO-PHG]]
{{flagicon image|MKP-FLAG.svg}} [[Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)|MKP-HKO-PHG]]
|[[Tunceli Province]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Mango |first=Andrew |date=2005 |title=Turkey and the War on Terror: 'For Forty Years we Fought Alone' |series=Contemporary Security Studies |publisher=[[Routledge]] |page=27 |isbn=978-0415350020}}</ref>
|[[Tunceli Province]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Mango |first=Andrew |date=2005 |title=Turkey and the War on Terror: 'For Forty Years we Fought Alone' |series=Contemporary Security Studies |publisher=[[Routledge]] |page=27 |isbn=978-0415350020}}</ref>
Line 519: Line 573:
|colspan=3|
|colspan=3|
|-
|-
|7 November 1975<ref>{{cite news |date=27 January 2015 |title=When Gen Zia betrayed Col Taher |url=https://www.observerbd.com/2015/01/27/68899.php |access-date=25 December 2022 |work=[[The Daily Observer (Bangladesh)|The Daily Observer]] |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>
|27 April 1978
|7 November 1975
|({{age in years and days nts|1975|11|07|1975|11|07|duration=yes}})
|[[7 November 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état]] ({{lang-bn|সিপাই-জানাটা বিপ্লব}} ({{lang|bn-latn|Sepoy-Janata Biplob}}))
|{{flagcountry|Bangladesh}}
|{{flagicon flagicon image|জাসদের পতাকা.svg}} [[Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal]] <ref>{{cite book |last=Lifschultz |first=Lawrence |date=1979 |title=Bangladesh: The Unfinished Revolution |location=United Kingdom |publisher=Zed Books |isbn=9780905762074 |url=https://archive.org/details/bangladesh-the-unfinished-revolution |pages=9–11}}</ref><br/>[[Biplobi Shainik Sangstha]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Mascarenhas |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Mascarenhas |date=1986 |title=Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood |location=London |oclc=16583315 |publisher=[[Hodder & Stoughton]] |isbn=978-0-340-39420-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/bangladesh-a-legacy-of-blood-anthony-mascarenhas |page=107}}</ref>
|
|
| Successful coup
* Death of [[Khaled Mosharraf]]
|colspan=3|{{efn| After the new president, [[Ziaur Rahman]], offered pay increases for the soldiers, most soldiers lost interest in the ideals of the revolution.<ref> {{cite book |last=Mascarenhas |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony Mascarenhas |date=1986 |title=Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood |location=London |oclc=16583315 |publisher=[[Hodder & Stoughton]] |isbn=978-0-340-39420-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/bangladesh-a-legacy-of-blood-anthony-mascarenhas |page=114}}</ref>}}
|-
|27 April 1978<ref name="Lansford">{{cite encyclopedia |editor-last=Lansford |editor-first=Tom |date=16 February 2017 |title=Saur Revolution |encyclopedia=Afghanistan at War: From the 18th-Century Durrani Dynasty to the 21st Century |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |isbn=978-1598847598 |pages=410–411}}</ref>
|28 April 1978
|28 April 1978
|({{age in years and days|1978|04|27|1978|04|28|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1978|04|27|1978|04|28|duration=yes}})
|[[Saur Revolution]]
|[[Saur Revolution]]
|{{flagcountry|Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)}}
|{{flagcountry|Republic of Afghanistan (1973–1978)}}
Line 528: Line 594:
|2,000<ref name="Ewans">{{cite book |quote=There was, therefore, little to hinder the assault mounted by the rebel 4th Armored Brigade, led by Major Mohammed Aslam Watanjar, who had also been prominent in Daoud's own coup five years before. Watanjar first secured the airport, where the other coup leader, Colonel Abdul Qadir, left by helicopter for the [[Bagram Airfield|Bagram air base]]. There he took charge and organized air strikes on the royal palace, where Daoud and the presidential guard were conducting a desperate defense. Fighting continued the whole day and into the night, when the defenders were finally overwhelmed. Daoud and almost all of his family members, including women and children, died in the fighting. Altogether there were possibly as many as two thousand fatalities, both military and civilian. |last=Ewans |first=Martin |date=2002 |title=Afghanistan: A Short History of Its People and Politics |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |location=New York |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rpS-j5uSetAC&pg=RA1-PA88 |page=88 |isbn=0-06-050507-9 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
|2,000<ref name="Ewans">{{cite book |quote=There was, therefore, little to hinder the assault mounted by the rebel 4th Armored Brigade, led by Major Mohammed Aslam Watanjar, who had also been prominent in Daoud's own coup five years before. Watanjar first secured the airport, where the other coup leader, Colonel Abdul Qadir, left by helicopter for the [[Bagram Airfield|Bagram air base]]. There he took charge and organized air strikes on the royal palace, where Daoud and the presidential guard were conducting a desperate defense. Fighting continued the whole day and into the night, when the defenders were finally overwhelmed. Daoud and almost all of his family members, including women and children, died in the fighting. Altogether there were possibly as many as two thousand fatalities, both military and civilian. |last=Ewans |first=Martin |date=2002 |title=Afghanistan: A Short History of Its People and Politics |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |location=New York |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rpS-j5uSetAC&pg=RA1-PA88 |page=88 |isbn=0-06-050507-9 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
|PDPA victory
|PDPA victory
* Overthrow and execution of [[Mohammed Daoud Khan]] and his family
* Overthrow and execution of [[Mohammed Daoud Khan]] and his family<ref name="Lansford"/>
* Purging and killing of Daoud's supporters<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/29/newsid_2970000/2970317.stm |title=1978: Afghan coup rebels claim victory |date=29 April 1978 |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506050614/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/29/newsid_2970000/2970317.stm |archive-date=6 May 2023}}</ref>
* Purging and killing of Daoud's supporters<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/29/newsid_2970000/2970317.stm |title=1978: Afghan coup rebels claim victory |date=29 April 1978 |work=[[BBC News]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506050614/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/april/29/newsid_2970000/2970317.stm |archive-date=6 May 2023}}</ref>
* Establishment of the [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Collins |first=Joseph J. |date=2011 |chapter=The Saur "Revolution" and the Soviet-Afghan War, 1978–1989 |title=Understanding War in Afghanistan |publisher=[[National Defense University Press]] |isbn=978-1839310430 |page=25}}</ref>
* Establishment of the [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]]
* Eventual [[Soviet–Afghan War|Soviet military intervention]]
* Eventual [[Soviet–Afghan War|Soviet military intervention]]
|colspan=3|{{efn|They were overthrown by the [[mujahideen]] in 1992.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.freepeoplesmovement.org/ry/rys7a.html |title=Afghanistan's Saur Revolution of 1978, and the U.S.-backed counterrevolution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927213154/http://www.freepeoplesmovement.org/ry/rys7a.html |archive-date=27 September 2007 |magazine=Rebel Yell! |date=Spring 2007 |access-date=7 October 2008}}</ref>}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|They were overthrown by the [[mujahideen]] in 1992.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.freepeoplesmovement.org/ry/rys7a.html |title=Afghanistan's Saur Revolution of 1978, and the U.S.-backed counterrevolution |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927213154/http://www.freepeoplesmovement.org/ry/rys7a.html |archive-date=27 September 2007 |magazine=Rebel Yell! |date=Spring 2007 |access-date=7 October 2008}}</ref>}}
|-
|13 March 1979
|13 March 1979
|({{age in years and days nts|1979|03|13|1979|03|13|duration=yes}})
|[[New Jewel Movement]]
|{{flagcountry|Grenada}}
|{{flagicon image| }} [[Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front|FMLN]]
|
|
|Installation of the [[People's Revolutionary Government]]
|colspan=3|{{efn| }}

|-
|-
|15 October 1979
|15 October 1979
|16 January 1992
|16 January 1992
|({{age in years and days|1979|10|15|1992|01|16|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1979|10|15|1992|01|16|duration=yes}})
|[[Salvadoran Civil War]]
|[[Salvadoran Civil War]]
|{{flagcountry|El Salvador}}
|{{flagcountry|El Salvador}}
Line 553: Line 630:
|17 May 1980
|17 May 1980
|Present
|Present
|({{age in years and days|1980|05|17| | | |duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1980|05|17| | | |duration=yes}})
|[[Internal conflict in Peru]]
|[[Internal conflict in Peru]]
|{{flagcountry|Peru}}
|{{flagcountry|Peru}}
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of Sendero Luminoso.svg}} [[Shining Path|Communist Party of Peru–Shining Path]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Sendero Luminoso.svg}} [[Shining Path|Communist Party of Peru–Shining Path]]
* People's Guerilla Army
* People's Guerilla Army
|[[Ayacucho Region]]
|[[Ayacucho Region]]
Line 563: Line 640:
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[internal conflict in Peru]] comprised two rebellions by two different Marxist organizations. One, the [[Shining Path]], fought a bloody war beginning in 1980 with successive Peruvian governments, both democratic and authoritarian in nature. Another organization, known as the [[Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement]] (MRTA), named after an Incan warrior [[Túpac Amaru]] began their own rebellion in 1982. The MRTA and Shining Path quickly became bitter enemies and fought one another as well as the government of Peru. Fighting goes on today with a small number of Shining Path cadres, however the movement has mostly been crushed and only operates in a very remote jungle region. The Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement was largely destroyed in 1997 after the [[Japanese embassy hostage crisis]].}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[internal conflict in Peru]] comprised two rebellions by two different Marxist organizations. One, the [[Shining Path]], fought a bloody war beginning in 1980 with successive Peruvian governments, both democratic and authoritarian in nature. Another organization, known as the [[Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement]] (MRTA), named after an Incan warrior [[Túpac Amaru]] began their own rebellion in 1982. The MRTA and Shining Path quickly became bitter enemies and fought one another as well as the government of Peru. Fighting goes on today with a small number of Shining Path cadres, however the movement has mostly been crushed and only operates in a very remote jungle region. The Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement was largely destroyed in 1997 after the [[Japanese embassy hostage crisis]].}}
|-
|-
|25 January 1982
|25 January 1982
|25 January 1982
|25 January 1982
|({{age in years and days|1982|01|25|1982|01|25|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1982|01|25|1982|01|25|duration=yes}})
|[[1982 Amol uprising]]
|[[1982 Amol uprising]]
|{{flagcountry|Iran}}
|{{flagcountry|Iran}}
|{{Flagicon image|blank.svg}} [[Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran)]]
|{{flagicon image|blank.svg}} [[Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran)]]
|[[Amol County]]
|[[Amol County]]
|80–300 killed
|80–300 killed
Line 577: Line 653:
|4 August 1983
|4 August 1983
|4 August 1983
|4 August 1983
|({{age in years and days|1983|08|04|1983|08|04|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1983|08|04|1983|08|04|duration=yes}})
|[[1983 Upper Voltan coup d'état|Upper Voltan coup d'état]]<ref name="Rupley">{{cite book |last1=Rupley | first1=Lawrence |last2=Bangali |first2=Lamissa |last3=Diamitani |first3=Boureima |title=Historical Dictionary of Burkina Faso |location=Lanham |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |edition=revised |date=2013 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HnRbA-pYcegC |isbn=9780810867703 |page=iii}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Kandeh |first=J. |title=Coups from Below: Armed Subalterns and State Power in West Africa |publisher=Springer |date=2004 |location= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZTjHAAAAQBAJ |isbn=9781403978776 |pages=124}}</ref>
|[[1983 Upper Voltan coup d'état|Upper Voltan coup d'état]]<ref name="Rupley">{{cite book |last1=Rupley | first1=Lawrence |last2=Bangali |first2=Lamissa |last3=Diamitani |first3=Boureima |title=Historical Dictionary of Burkina Faso |location=Lanham |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |edition=revised |date=2013 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HnRbA-pYcegC |isbn=9780810867703 |page=iii}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Kandeh |first=J. |title=Coups from Below: Armed Subalterns and State Power in West Africa |publisher=Springer |date=2004 |location= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZTjHAAAAQBAJ |isbn=9781403978776 |pages=124}}</ref>
|{{flagcountry|Upper Volta}}
|{{flagcountry|Upper Volta}}
|{{Flagicon image|blank.svg}} [[Left-wing]] [[Burkina Faso Armed Forces|armed forces]] faction led by [[Thomas Sankara]] and [[Blaise Compaoré]]
|{{flagicon image|blank.svg}} [[Left-wing]] [[Burkina Faso Armed Forces|armed forces]] faction led by [[Thomas Sankara]] and [[Blaise Compaoré]]
|
|
|13 killed
|13 killed
Line 587: Line 663:
* Formation of [[Burkina Faso]]
* Formation of [[Burkina Faso]]
|colspan=3|
|colspan=3|
{{efn|After the formation of Burkina Faso, Thomas Sanka led many socialist policy implementations. One example is the suppression of most of the powers held by tribal chiefs in Burkina Faso. The chiefs were stripped of their rights to tribute payments and forced labour as well as having their land distributed amongst the peasantry.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thomassankara.net/facts-about-thomas-sankara-in-burkina-faso/?lang=en |title=Facts about Thomas Sankara in Burkina Faso |website=thomassankara.net |date=24 November 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105112904/http://www.thomassankara.net/facts-about-thomas-sankara-in-burkina-faso/?lang=en |archive-date=5 November 2020}}</ref> Blaise Compaoré later led the [[1987 Burkina Faso coup d'état]], which killed Thomas Sankara and reversed his far-left policies.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/26/world/a-friendship-dies-in-a-bloody-coup.html |title=A Friendship Dies in a Bloody Coup |date=26 October 1987 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=22 December 2018 |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Burkina Faso |edition=2nd |last1=Mason |first1=Katrina |last2=Knight |first2=James |year=2011 |publisher=The Globe Pequot Press Inc. |page=31 |isbn=9781841623528}}</ref>}}
{{efn|After the formation of Burkina Faso, Thomas Sanka led many socialist policy implementations. One example is the suppression of most of the powers held by tribal chiefs in Burkina Faso. The chiefs were stripped of their rights to tribute payments and forced labour as well as having their land distributed amongst the peasantry.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thomassankara.net/facts-about-thomas-sankara-in-burkina-faso/?lang=en |title=Facts about Thomas Sankara in Burkina Faso |website=thomassankara.net |date=24 November 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105112904/http://www.thomassankara.net/facts-about-thomas-sankara-in-burkina-faso/?lang=en |archive-date=5 November 2020}}</ref> Blaise Compaoré later led the [[1987 Burkina Faso coup d'état]], which killed Thomas Sankara and reversed his far-left policies.<ref>{{cite news |first=James |last=Brooke |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/26/world/a-friendship-dies-in-a-bloody-coup.html |title=A Friendship Dies in a Bloody Coup |date=26 October 1987 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=22 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725092025/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/26/world/a-friendship-dies-in-a-bloody-coup.html |archive-date=25 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Burkina Faso |edition=2nd |last1=Mason |first1=Katrina |last2=Knight |first2=James |year=2011 |publisher=The Globe Pequot Press Inc. |page=31 |isbn=9781841623528}}</ref>}}
|-
|-
|15 April 1987
|15 April 1987
|29 December 1989
|29 December 1989
|({{age in years and days|1987|04|15|1987|12|29|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1987|04|15|1987|12|29|duration=yes}})
|[[1987–1989 JVP insurrection]]
|[[1987–1989 JVP insurrection]]
|{{flagcountry|Sri Lanka}}
|{{flagcountry|Sri Lanka}}
Line 598: Line 674:
** [[Patriotic People's Armed Troops]]
** [[Patriotic People's Armed Troops]]
|
|
|60,000–80,000 killed<ref>{{Cite book |title=Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Report Submitted to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, U.S. House of Representatives and Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate by the Department of State in Accordance with Sections 116(d) and 502B(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended, Volume 997 |page=1698 |year=1988 |publisher=U.S. Government printing office |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yS82AAAAIAAJ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=http://asiafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/SriLanka-StateofConflictandViolence.pdf |title=Sri Lanka – State of Conflict and Violence |publisher=[[Asia Foundation]] |chapter=JVP Insurgency |archive-url= |archive-date=}}</ref>
|60,000–80,000 killed<ref>{{Cite book |title=Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Report Submitted to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, U.S. House of Representatives and Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate by the Department of State in Accordance with Sections 116(d) and 502B(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended, Volume 997 |page=1698 |year=1988 |publisher=U.S. Government printing office |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yS82AAAAIAAJ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=http://asiafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/SriLanka-StateofConflictandViolence.pdf |title=Sri Lanka – State of Conflict and Violence |publisher=[[Asia Foundation]] |chapter=JVP Insurgency |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018225459/https://asiafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/SriLanka-StateofConflictandViolence.pdf |archive-date=18 October 2023}}</ref>
| Sri Lankan Government victory
| Sri Lankan Government victory
* Execution of [[Rohana Wijeweera]]
* Execution of [[Rohana Wijeweera]]
Line 607: Line 683:
|13 February 1996
|13 February 1996
|21 November 2006
|21 November 2006
|({{age in years and days|1996|02|13|2006|11|21|duration=yes}})
|({{age in years and days nts|1996|02|13|2006|11|21|duration=yes}})
|[[Nepalese Civil War]]
|[[Nepalese Civil War]]
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Nepal}}
|{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Nepal}}
|{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist).svg}} [[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)|Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)]]
|{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist).svg}} [[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)|Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)]]<ref name="Lawoti-Pahari">{{cite book |editor1-first=Mahendra |editor1-last=Lawoti |editor2-first=Anup K. |editor2-last=Pahari |title=The Maoist Insurgency in Nepal: Revolution in the twenty-first century |year=2010 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0-415-77717-9}}</ref>
* [[People's Liberation Army, Nepal]]
* [[People's Liberation Army, Nepal]]
|[[Rapti Zone]]
|[[Rapti Zone]]
|17,800 killed overall<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/nepal/17800-people-died-during-conflict-period-says-ministry-peace |title=17,800 people died during conflict period, says Ministry of Peace – Nepal |website=[[ReliefWeb]] |access-date=31 January 2020 |archive-date=5 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805181710/https://reliefweb.int/report/nepal/17800-people-died-during-conflict-period-says-ministry-peace |url-status=live}}</ref>
|17,800 killed overall
|[[Comprehensive Peace Accord]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/NP_061122_Comprehensive%20Peace%20Agreement%20between%20the%20Government%20and%20the%20CPN%20%28Maoist%29.pdf |title=Comprehensive Peace Accord Signed between Nepal Government And the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) |date=22 November 2006 |website=[[United Nations]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002080020/https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/NP_061122_Comprehensive%20Peace%20Agreement%20between%20the%20Government%20and%20the%20CPN%20%28Maoist%29.pdf |archive-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>
|[[Comprehensive Peace Accord]]
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)|Maoist Unified Communist Party of Nepal]] fought [[Nepalese Civil War|a fairly successful revolutionary war]] against the autocratic [[King of Nepal]]. In 2006 peace was declared, and an agreement was reached that the Maoists would join an interim government.}}
|colspan=3|{{efn|The [[Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)|Maoist Unified Communist Party of Nepal]] fought [[Nepalese Civil War|a fairly successful revolutionary war]] against the autocratic [[King of Nepal]]. In 2006 peace was declared, and an agreement was reached that the Maoists would join an interim government.}}
|-
|-
|August 2021
|August 2021
|Present
|Present
||({{age in years and days|2021|08|01| | | |duration=yes}})
||({{age in years and days nts|2021|08|01| | | |duration=yes}})
|[[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)]]
|[[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)]]
|{{flagcountry|Myanmar}}
|{{flagcountry|Myanmar}}
Line 646: Line 723:
=== Bibliography ===
=== Bibliography ===
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Crozier |first=Brian |author-link=Brian Crozier |title=Political Victory: The Elusive Prize Of Military Wars |year=2005 |publisher=[[Transaction Publishers]] |isbn=978-0-7658-0290-3}}
* {{cite book |last=Crozier |first=Brian |author-link=Brian Crozier |title=Political Victory: The Elusive Prize Of Military Wars |year=2005 |publisher=[[Transaction Publishers]] |isbn=978-0-7658-0290-3}}
* {{cite book |last1=Eerola |first1=Jari |last2=Eerola |first2=Jouni |year=1998 |title=Henkilötappiot Suomen sisällissodassa 1918 |trans-title=Casualties in the Finnish Civil War of 1918 |place=Turenki |publisher=Jaarli |language=fi |isbn=978-952-91-0001-9}}
* {{cite book |last1=Eerola |first1=Jari |last2=Eerola |first2=Jouni |year=1998 |title=Henkilötappiot Suomen sisällissodassa 1918 |trans-title=Casualties in the Finnish Civil War of 1918 |place=Turenki |publisher=Jaarli |language=fi |isbn=978-952-91-0001-9}}
* {{cite book |last=Fall |first=Bernard B. |author-link=Bernard B. Fall |title=Street Without Joy |year=1994 |publisher=Stackpole Books |isbn=978-0-8117-1700-7}}
* {{cite book |last=Fall |first=Bernard B. |author-link=Bernard B. Fall |title=Street Without Joy |year=1994 |publisher=Stackpole Books |isbn=978-0-8117-1700-7}}
* {{cite book |first=Jularat |last=Damrongviteetham |title=Narratives of the "Red Barrel" Incident |year=2013 |page=101 |doi=10.1057/9781137311672_6 |isbn=9781137311672 |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137311672_6 |access-date=11 June 2023 |archive-date=11 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611174050/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137311672_6 |url-status=live}}
* {{cite journal |last=Kheng |first=Cheah Boon |author-link=Cheah Boon Kheng |year=2009 |title=The Communist Insurgency in Malaysia, 1948–90: Contesting the Nation-State and Social Change |journal=New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=132–152 |url=https://www.nzasia.org.nz/uploads/1/3/2/1/132180707/14_cheah_3.pdf |access-date=5 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230217100855/https://www.nzasia.org.nz/uploads/1/3/2/1/132180707/14_cheah_3.pdf |archive-date=17 February 2023}}
* {{cite web |last=Koplowitz |first=Wilfred |date=April 1967 |url=https://archive.org/details/thai-communist-profile/mode/2up |title=A Profile of Communist Insurgency-The Case of Thailand |work=The Senior Seminar in Foreign Policy 1966–67 |access-date=29 October 2015}}
* {{cite book |last=Lee Lanning |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Lee Lanning |title=Inside the VC and the NVA |year=2008 |publisher=[[Texas A&M University Press]] |isbn=978-1-60344-059-2}}
* {{cite book |last=Lee Lanning |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Lee Lanning |title=Inside the VC and the NVA |year=2008 |publisher=[[Texas A&M University Press]] |isbn=978-1-60344-059-2}}
* {{cite book |last=Logevall |first=Fredrik |title=Embers of War: the fall of an empire and the making of America's Vietnam |year=2012 |publisher=[[Random House]] |isbn=978-0-375-75647-4}}
* {{cite book |last=Logevall |first=Fredrik |title=Embers of War: the fall of an empire and the making of America's Vietnam |year=2012 |publisher=[[Random House]] |isbn=978-0-375-75647-4}}
Line 655: Line 736:
* {{cite book |last=Paavolainen |first=Jaakko |author-link=:fi:Jaakko Paavolainen |year=1967 |title=Poliittiset väkivaltaisuudet Suomessa 1918, II Valkoinen terrori |trans-title=Political violence in Finland 1918, II White terror |place=Helsinki |publisher=Tammi |language=fi}}
* {{cite book |last=Paavolainen |first=Jaakko |author-link=:fi:Jaakko Paavolainen |year=1967 |title=Poliittiset väkivaltaisuudet Suomessa 1918, II Valkoinen terrori |trans-title=Political violence in Finland 1918, II White terror |place=Helsinki |publisher=Tammi |language=fi}}
* {{cite book |last=Paavolainen |first=Jaakko |author-link=:fi:Jaakko Paavolainen |year=1971 |title=Vankileirit Suomessa 1918 |trans-title=Prison camps in Finland in 1918 |place=Helsinki |publisher=Tammi |language=fi |isbn=951-30-1015-5}}
* {{cite book |last=Paavolainen |first=Jaakko |author-link=:fi:Jaakko Paavolainen |year=1971 |title=Vankileirit Suomessa 1918 |trans-title=Prison camps in Finland in 1918 |place=Helsinki |publisher=Tammi |language=fi |isbn=951-30-1015-5}}
* {{cite book |last=Prizzia |first=Ross |date=1985 |url=https://archive.org/details/thailand-in-transition-the-role-of-oppositional-forces |title=Thailand in Transition: The Role of Oppositional Forces |location=Honolulu |publisher=[[University of Hawaii Press]] |pages=[https://archive.org/details/thailand-in-transition-the-role-of-oppositional-forces/page/19/mode/2up 19–20], [https://archive.org/details/thailand-in-transition-the-role-of-oppositional-forces/page/23/mode/2up 24]}}
* {{cite book |last=Roselius |first=Aapo |author-link=:fi:Aapo Roselius |year=2004 |chapter=Saksalaisten henkilötappiot Suomessa vuonna 1918 |trans-chapter=German casualties in Finland in 1918 |editor-last=Westerlund |editor-first=L. |editor-link=:fi:Lars Westerlund |title=Sotaoloissa vuosina 1914–1922 surmansa saaneet |trans-title=Deaths in war conditions between 1914 and 1922 |pages=165–176 |place=Helsinki |publisher=VNKJ 10/2004, Edita |language=fi |isbn=952-5354-52-0}}
* {{cite book |last=Roselius |first=Aapo |author-link=:fi:Aapo Roselius |year=2004 |chapter=Saksalaisten henkilötappiot Suomessa vuonna 1918 |trans-chapter=German casualties in Finland in 1918 |editor-last=Westerlund |editor-first=L. |editor-link=:fi:Lars Westerlund |title=Sotaoloissa vuosina 1914–1922 surmansa saaneet |trans-title=Deaths in war conditions between 1914 and 1922 |pages=165–176 |place=Helsinki |publisher=VNKJ 10/2004, Edita |language=fi |isbn=952-5354-52-0}}
* {{cite book |last=Tikka |first=Marko |author-link=:fi:Marko Tikka |year=2014 |chapter=Warfare & Terror in 1918 |editor1-last=Tepora |editor1-first=T. |editor1-link=:fi:Tuomas Tepora |editor2-last=Roselius |editor2-first=A. |editor2-link=:fi:Aapo Roselius |title=The Finnish Civil War 1918: History, Memory, Legacy |pages=90–118 |place=Leiden |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |isbn=978-90-04-24366-8}}
* {{cite book |last=Tikka |first=Marko |author-link=:fi:Marko Tikka |year=2014 |chapter=Warfare & Terror in 1918 |editor1-last=Tepora |editor1-first=T. |editor1-link=:fi:Tuomas Tepora |editor2-last=Roselius |editor2-first=A. |editor2-link=:fi:Aapo Roselius |title=The Finnish Civil War 1918: History, Memory, Legacy |pages=90–118 |place=Leiden |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |isbn=978-90-04-24366-8}}

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A communist revolution is a proletarian revolution inspired by the ideas of Marxism that aims to replace capitalism with communism. Depending on the type of government, the term socialism can be used to indicate an intermediate stage between Capitalism and Communism (especially in Marxist-Leninist views). The idea that a proletarian revolution is needed is a cornerstone of Marxism; Marxists believe that the workers of the world must unite and free themselves from capitalist oppression to create a world run by and for the working class.[1] Thus, in the Marxist view, proletarian revolutions need to happen in countries all over the world.

Theory

Leninism argues[2] that a communist revolution must be led by a vanguard of "professional revolutionaries", men and women who are fully dedicated to the communist cause and who can then form the nucleus of the revolutionary movement. Some Marxists[who?] disagree with the idea of a vanguard as put forth by Lenin, especially left communists.[citation needed] Some who continue to consider themselves Marxist–Leninists[who?] also oppose the vanguard despite disagreeing with the majority of left communism.[3] These critics insist that the entire working class—or at least a large part of it—must be deeply involved and equally committed to the socialist or communist cause in order for a proletarian revolution to be successful. To this end, they seek to build massive communist parties with very large memberships.

Communist revolutions and coups throughout history

The following is a list of successful and unsuccessful communist revolutions and coups throughout history. Among the lesser known revolutions, a number of borderline cases have been included which may or may not have been communist revolutions. The nature of unsuccessful revolutions is particularly contentious since one can only speculate as to the kinds of policies that would have been implemented by the revolutionaries had they achieved victory.

Successful

Unsuccessful

Table of revolutions

Start date End date Duration Event(s) State Rebel group Revolutionary base area Deaths Result Notes
18 March 1871 28 May 1871 (72 days) Paris Commune[4]  France Paris 7,544 killed overall[5][6] Revolt suppressed[7]
  • Disbanding the Second National Guard
    by the French government
October 1915 5 June 1920[8] (4 years, 249 days) Jangal Movement Qajar Iran Jangal revolutionaries[9][10] Gilan province Establishment of the Persian Socialist Soviet Republic
24 April 1916 29 April 1916 (6 days) Easter Rising  United Kingdom Irish Republic Irish rebel forces Dublin 485 killed[12][13][14] Unconditional surrender of rebel forces, execution of most leaders [a]
7 November 1917 7 November 1917 (1 day) October Revolution  Russia Bolsheviks
Petrograd Soviet
Left SRs
Red Guards
Anarchists[15] 		Petrograd Few wounded Red Guard soldiers[16] Bolshevik victory
Start of the Russian Civil War[17]
27 January 1918 15 May 1918 (109 days) Finnish Civil War  Finland Finland 38,300 killed[18] Finnish Whites victory
2 August 1918 11 June 1925 (6 years, 314 days) Canadian Labour Revolt  Canada Canada Failure of the revolt
9 November 1918 14 November 1918 (6 days) Red Week  Netherlands Faction of the Social Democratic Workers' Party[20] No revolution
29 October 1918 11 August 1919 (287 days) German Revolution of 1918–19[21]  Germany
 German Republic 		Communist revolutionaries:

Soviet Republics:

Various regions of Germany 150–196[27]
23 March 1919 1 August 1919 (132 days) Hungarian Soviet Republic[b]  Hungarian Republic  Hungary[28] Hungary 6,670 killed[29] [c]
1 March 1921 11 July 1921 (133 days) Mongolian Revolution of 1921 Bogd Khanate of Mongolia
Outer Mongolia 		Mongolian People's Party Outer Mongolia Mongolian communist victory
3 March 1921[30] 8 April 1921[31] (37 days) Labin mining strike and rebellion  Italy Labin Republic Istria 5[32] Strike suppressed. Miners acquitted of crimes.[33] [d]
1 August 1927[34] 1 October 1949[35] (22 years, 62 days)  China Chinese Communist Party Communist-controlled China cca. 8 million Communist victory [e]
22 January 1932[38] February 1932 (11 days) 1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising Republic of El Salvador Communist Party of El Salvador
Pipil rebels 		Western El Salvador
Departments:
 10,000 – 40,000[39] Revolt suppressed, ethnocide of Pipil people[40] [f]
19 July 1936 25 May 1937 (311 days) Spanish Revolution of 1936  Spain CNT-FAI[41][42]

UGT

Various regions of Spain – primarily Madrid, Catalonia, Aragon, Andalusia, and parts of Levante, Spain. Suppressed after ten-month period.
16 September 1942[43] 1945 (2 years, 320 days) National Liberation Movement[43] Albanian Kingdom National Anti-Fascist Liberation Movement[44] Albania Establishment of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania
16 August 1945 30 August 1945 (15 days) August Revolution[45] Empire of Vietnam Việt Minh Northern, Central and Southern Vietnam Việt Minh victory
19 December 1946 1 August 1954 (7 years, 226 days) First Indochina War  French Indochina DR Vietnam

Lao Issara (1945–1949)
Pathet Lao (1949–1954)[48] Khmer Issarak[48]

400,000–842,707 total killed[50][51][52] DR Vietnam-allied victory[53] [g]
2 April 1948[54] 16 April 1989[55] (41 years, 15 days Communist insurgency in Burma * Union of Burma (1948–1962) * Communist Party of Burma (1948–1989)

Communist Party of Burma

  • People's Army of Burma
 Shan State 3,000+ killed Burmese government victory[55]
16 June 1948 31 July 1960 (12 years, 46 days) Malayan Emergency Malayan Communist Party British Malaya 11,107[57][58] British-allied victory
26 July 1953[59] 1 January 1959[60] (5 years, 160 days) Cuban Revolution  Cuba 26th of July Movement[61]
Student Revolutionary Directorate
Second National Front of Escambray 		3,000[62] 26 July Movement victory [h]
1 November 1955 30 April 1975[67] (19 years, 181 days) Vietnam War  South Vietnam Viet Cong Memot District (1966–72)
Lộc Ninh (1972–75) 		1,326,494–3,447,494[68] Communist victory
23 May 1959 2 December 1975 (16 years, 194 days) Laotian Civil War  Laos Lao People's Party

 North Vietnam

Xam Neua 20,000–62,000 killed[69] Pathet Lao and North Vietnamese victory [i]
19 July 1961 17 July 1979 (17 years, 364 days) Nicaraguan Revolution  Nicaragua FSLN

MAP-ML (1978–1979)

 Panama (1978–1979)[70][71]

North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region 30,000+ killed FSLN military victory in 1979
  • Overthrow of Somoza government in 1979
  • Insurgency of the Contras
  • FSLN junta led by Daniel Ortega take power of Nicaragua in 1981[72]
  • Electoral victory of FSLN in 1984
 [j]
c. December 1962 3 November 1990[73][74] (27 years, 338 days) Communist insurgency in Sarawak  Malaysia North Kalimantan Communist Party[74]
  • North Kalimantan People's Army
 Sarawak 400–500 killed Government victory
1965 1983 (18 years, 1 day) Communist insurgency in Thailand  Thailand Nakhon Phanom Province 6,762+ killed[80][81] Thai government victory
18 May 1967 Present (57 years, 11 days)  India Communist Party of India (Maoist) Red corridor Since 1997: 13,060–14,552[83][84] Ongoing [k]
17 June 1968 2 December 1989 (21 years, 169 days)[85][86] Communist insurgency in Malaysia  Malaysia Malayan Communist Party Malay Peninsula and Sarawak[87] 367 Peace Agreement of Hat Yai signed
17 January 1968 17 April 1975 (7 years, 91 days) Cambodian Civil War  Cambodia Communist Party of Kampuchea Ratanakiri Province 275,000–310,000 killed Communist victory [l]
29 March 1969 Present[91] (55 years, 61 days) New People's Army rebellion  Philippines Communist Party of the Philippines[92] Samar 43,000+ killed (up to 2008) Ongoing[93] [m]
21 October 1969 21 October 1969 (1 day) 1969 Somali coup d'état Somalia Somali Republic Somalia Supreme Revolutionary Council Mogadishu Supreme Revolutionary Council victory[95]
19 July 1970[96] 1 November 1970 (106 days) Teoponte Guerrilla  Bolivia Guerrilla de Teoponte (Ejército de Liberación Nacional)[96] Teoponte Municipality Bolivian government victory
5 April 1971 June 1971 (62 days) 1971 JVP insurrection Dominion of Ceylon JVP
  • State of Augestan
 Southern Province and Sabaragamuwa Province Official: 1,200
Estimated: 4,000–5,000[97][98] 		Ceylonese government victory[99][100]
  • Rebel leaders were captured and the remaining members surrendered
  • Ceylonese government re-established control of the entire island
  • Expulsion of North Korean diplomats
19 July 1971 22 July 1971 (4 days)[101] 1971 Sudanese coup d'état Democratic Republic of Sudan Revolutionary Council Khartoum Coup attempt fails
  • Nimeiry government restored
  • Anti-communist purges by government forces
  • Execution of rebelling officers
  • Execution of several Sudanese Communist Party leaders
  • Consolidation of Nimeiry's control
24 April 1972 Present (52 years, 35 days) Maoist insurgency in Turkey  Turkey Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist
  • Liberation Army of the Workers and Peasants of Turkey

MKP-HKO-PHG

Tunceli Province[102] 500+ Maoists killed Ongoing
7 November 1975[103] 7 November 1975 (1 day) 7 November 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état (Bengali: সিপাই-জানাটা বিপ্লব (Sepoy-Janata Biplob))  Bangladesh Template:Flagicon flagicon image Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal [104]
Biplobi Shainik Sangstha[105] 		Successful coup [n]
27 April 1978[107] 28 April 1978 (2 days) Saur Revolution  Afghanistan People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan Afghanistan 2,000[108] PDPA victory [o]
13 March 1979 13 March 1979 (1 day) New Jewel Movement  Grenada FMLN Installation of the People's Revolutionary Government Cite error: There are <ref> tags on this page without content in them (see the help page).
15 October 1979 16 January 1992 (12 years, 94 days) Salvadoran Civil War  El Salvador FMLN Ayacucho Region 87,795+ killed[112] Chapultepec Peace Accords [p]
17 May 1980 Present (44 years, 12 days) Internal conflict in Peru  Peru Communist Party of Peru–Shining Path
  • People's Guerilla Army
 Ayacucho Region 70,000+ killed Ongoing [q]
25 January 1982 25 January 1982 (1 day) 1982 Amol uprising  Iran Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran) Amol County 80–300 killed Iranian government victory
4 August 1983 4 August 1983 (1 day) Upper Voltan coup d'état[115][116]  Upper Volta Left-wing armed forces faction led by Thomas Sankara and Blaise Compaoré 13 killed

[r]

15 April 1987 29 December 1989 (259 days) 1987–1989 JVP insurrection  Sri Lanka Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna 60,000–80,000 killed[120][121] Sri Lankan Government victory
  • Execution of Rohana Wijeweera
  • Emergency conditions in South-western and Central provinces lifted
  • Insurgency declined following the fall of the Eastern bloc
13 February 1996 21 November 2006 (10 years, 282 days) Nepalese Civil War  Nepal Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)[122] Rapti Zone 17,800 killed overall[123] Comprehensive Peace Accord[124] [s]
August 2021 Present (2 years, 302 days) Myanmar civil war (2021–present)  Myanmar Myanmar Ongoing

See also

Wikiquote has quotations related to Communist revolution.

Notes

  1. ^ While not explicitly Communist in Nature, the Easter Rising of 1916 was supported by Marxist groups such as the Irish Citizen Army.
  2. ^
  3. ^ Led by Béla Kun, defeated after five months.
  4. ^ The anti-fascist, socialist Labin Republic uprising in modern-day Labin, Croatia, which pushed out Mussolini's fascist forces and established a socialist society in the city and surrounding towns.
  5. ^ The Chinese Communist Revolution was the final stage of the Chinese Civil War, that resulted in the victory of the Chinese Communist Party in China in 1949.[35][37]
  6. ^ The uprising, known as La matanza (the slaughter), was a Pipil and peasant rebellion led by Farabundo Martí.
  7. ^ The defeat of the French at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu, 1954, and brought the Communist Party of Vietnam under Ho Chi Minh to power in North Vietnam. A victory followed closely by the protracted guerrilla warfare-dominated Vietnam War (1957–1975), which in turn led to the fall of Saigon and the driving-out of occupying United States military forces there, and the unification of North and South Vietnam by communist guerrilla forces into the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The conflict drastically changed neighboring Laos and Cambodia.
  8. ^ Nationalistic revolution led by Fidel Castro and Che Guevara which overthrew former president Fulgencio Batista and instated a Marxist–Leninist socialist regime later on in Cuba.[65] Even though Batista had been elected for his first term, he achieved power for his second term through a coup d'état.[66]
  9. ^ The Laotian Civil War resulting in the victory of the communist Pathet Lao/Lao People's Revolutionary Party in Laos by 1975, eliminating a coalition government with anti-communists led to the establishment of the communist-administered Lao People's Democratic Republic.
  10. ^ The Nicaraguan Revolution that overthrew the dictator Anastasio Somoza Debayle and brought the Sandinistas to power in Nicaragua from 1979 to 1990.
  11. ^
  12. ^ The civil war in Cambodia ended with the Khmer Rouge revolution in 1975. The Communist Party of Cambodia and Pol Pot then ruled the country until 1979.
  13. ^ Maoist-styled "Protracted People's War" in the Philippines.[94]
  14. ^ After the new president, Ziaur Rahman, offered pay increases for the soldiers, most soldiers lost interest in the ideals of the revolution.[106]
  15. ^ They were overthrown by the mujahideen in 1992.[111]
  16. ^ The FMLN (mainly composed of Marxist–Leninist guerrilla groups)[113] fought against the U.S. backed military government which suppressed the rebel movement by framing and mass murdering alleged Marxist–Leninist revolutionaries (El Mozote massacre).[114] The FMLN was inspired by the ideologies of Farabundo Martí and Vladimir Lenin.
  17. ^ The internal conflict in Peru comprised two rebellions by two different Marxist organizations. One, the Shining Path, fought a bloody war beginning in 1980 with successive Peruvian governments, both democratic and authoritarian in nature. Another organization, known as the Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA), named after an Incan warrior Túpac Amaru began their own rebellion in 1982. The MRTA and Shining Path quickly became bitter enemies and fought one another as well as the government of Peru. Fighting goes on today with a small number of Shining Path cadres, however the movement has mostly been crushed and only operates in a very remote jungle region. The Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement was largely destroyed in 1997 after the Japanese embassy hostage crisis.
  18. ^ After the formation of Burkina Faso, Thomas Sanka led many socialist policy implementations. One example is the suppression of most of the powers held by tribal chiefs in Burkina Faso. The chiefs were stripped of their rights to tribute payments and forced labour as well as having their land distributed amongst the peasantry.[117] Blaise Compaoré later led the 1987 Burkina Faso coup d'état, which killed Thomas Sankara and reversed his far-left policies.[118][119]
  19. ^ The Maoist Unified Communist Party of Nepal fought a fairly successful revolutionary war against the autocratic King of Nepal. In 2006 peace was declared, and an agreement was reached that the Maoists would join an interim government.

References

  1. ^ Engels, Friedrich (October–November 1847). The Principles of Communism – via Marxists Internet Archive. Further, it has co-ordinated the social development of the civilized countries to such an extent that, in all of them, bourgeoisie and proletariat have become the decisive classes, and the struggle between them the great struggle of the day. It follows that the communist revolution will not merely be a national phenomenon but must take place simultaneously in all civilized countries – that is to say, at least in England, America, France, and Germany.
  2. ^ Lenin, V.I. (1972) [18–23 March 1919]. "Eighth Congress of the R.C.P.(B.)". Lenin's Collected Works. Vol. 29 (4th English ed.). Moscow: Progress Publishers. pp. 141–225 – via Marxists Internet Archive.
  3. ^ Chomsky, Noam (March 12, 2013). "Noam Chomsky on Revolutionary Violence, Communism and the American Left". Pax Marxista (Interview). Interviewed by Christopher Helali. Archived from the original on July 29, 2015 – via chomsky.info.
  4. ^ Milza, Pierre (2009). L'année terrible: La Commune (mars–juin 1871) [The terrible year: La Commune (March–June 1871)] (in French). Paris: Perrin. ISBN 978-2-262-03073-5.
  5. ^ Milza, Pierre (2009a). L'année terrible: La Commune (mars–juin 1871) [The terrible year: La Commune (March–June 1871)] (in French). Paris: Perrin. ISBN 978-2-262-03073-5.
  6. ^ "annexe au procès verbal de la session du 20 juillet 1875" [appendix to the minutes of the session of July 20, 1875], Rapport d'ensemble de M. le Général Appert sur les opérations de la justice militaire relatives à l'insurrection de 1871 [Overall report by General Appert on the operations of military justice relating to the 1871 insurrection] (in French), Versailles: Assemblée nationale, 1875
  7. ^ "Third Party Address [The Paris Commune]". Marxists Internet Archive. May 1871.
  8. ^ Dailami, Pezhmann (April 10, 2012) [15 December 2008]. "Jangali Movement". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 5. Vol. XIV. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 534–544. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
  9. ^ Katouzian, Homa (1981). The Political Economy of Modern Iran: Despotism and Pseudo-Modernism, 1926–1979. London: MacMillan. p. 75.
  10. ^ Amirahmadi, Hooshang (2012). The Political Economy of Iran under the Qajars: Society, Politics, Economics and Foreign Relations 1799 to 1921. London: I.B. Tauris. p. xiv.
  11. ^ Townshend, Charles (2006). Easter 1916: The Irish Rebellion. London: Ivan R. Dee Inc. ISBN 978-1566637046.
  12. ^ "1916 Necrology" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 14, 2017.
  13. ^ "1916 list". Glasnevin Trust. Archived from the original on April 5, 2017.
  14. ^ Sinn Fein Rebellion handbook, Easter, 1916. Irish Times. 1916. p. 52.
  15. ^ "Russian Revolution". History Channel. April 20, 2023. Retrieved August 23, 2023.
    "Июльский кризис" [July Crisis]. Nabat (in Russian). No. 1. September 2000. Archived from the original on October 20, 2007. Retrieved August 23, 2023 – via Azarov.net.
  16. ^ "Russian Revolution". history.com. November 9, 2009. Archived from the original on August 26, 2023.
  17. ^ Carr, E. H. (1985). The Bolshevik Revolution 1917–1923. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 111–116. ISBN 9780393301953.
  18. ^ Paavolainen 1966, Paavolainen 1967, Paavolainen 1971, Upton 1980, pp. 191–200, 453–460, Eerola & Eerola 1998, National Archive of Finland 2004 Archived 10 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Roselius 2004, pp. 165–176, Westerlund & Kalleinen 2004, pp. 267–271, Westerlund 2004a, pp. 53–72, Tikka 2014, pp. 90–118
  19. ^ Kealey, G. S. (1984). "1919: The Canadian Labor Revolt". Plowing / Le Travail. 13: 11–44.
  20. ^ Bouwman, R. (1981). "Troelstra en het succes van zijn mislukte revolutie" [Troelstra and the success of his failed revolution]. Socialisme en democratie (in Dutch). 38 (7/8). Amsterdam: 23.
  21. ^ Hoffrogge, Ralf (2014). "Working-Class Politics in the German Revolution". In Müller, Richard (ed.). The Revolutionary Shop Stewards and the Origins of the Council Movement. Leiden: Brill Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-21921-2.
  22. ^ Hoffrogge, Ralf (2011). "From Unionism to Workers' Councils – The Revolutionary Shop Stewards in Germany 1914–1918". In Ness, Immanuel; Azzellini, Dario (eds.). Ours to Master and to Own: Worker's Control from the Commune to the Present. Chicago: Haymarket Books.
  23. ^ Gaab, Jeffrey S. (2006). Munich: Hofbräuhaus & History: Beer, Culture, and Politics. Peter Lang / International Academic Publishers. p. 58. ISBN 978-0820486062.
  24. ^ Mitchell, Allan (1965). Revolution in Bavaria, 1918–1919: The Eisner Regime and the Soviet Republic. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 346. ISBN 978-1400878802.
  25. ^ Schröder, Ulrich; Kuckuk, Peter (2017). Bremen in der Deutschen Revolution 1918/1919: Revolution, Räterepublik, Restauration [Bremen in the German Revolution 1918/1919: Revolution, Soviet Republic, Restoration] (in German). Falkenberg. p. 48. ISBN 978-3954941155.
  26. ^ Pryce, Donald B. (June 1977). "The Reich Government versus Saxony, 1923: The Decision to Intervene". Central European History. 10 (2). Cambridge University Press: 112–147. JSTOR 4545794. Retrieved May 28, 2021.
  27. ^ Jones, Mark (2016). Founding Weimar: Violence and the German Revolution of 1918–1919. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 196–199. ISBN 978-1-107-11512-5 – via Google Books.
  28. ^ Völgyes, Iván (1970). "The Hungarian Dictatorship of 1919: Russian Example versus Hungarian Reality". East European Quarterly. 1 (4). ISSN 0012-8449.
  29. ^ Clodfelter, Micheal (2017). Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015. McFarland. pp. 344–345. ISBN 978-1-4766-2585-0 – via Google Books.
  30. ^ Celeghini, Riccardo (March 23, 2016). "BALKANS: "The mine is ours!" History of the Republic of Labin". eastjournal.net. East Journal. Archived from the original on October 2, 2023. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
  31. ^ Stallaerts, Robert (2009). Historical Dictionary of Croatia. Scarecrow Press. pp. 6–. ISBN 978-0-8108-7363-6.
  32. ^ Osmanagić, Danijel (August 3, 2021). "100 let Labinske republike" [100 years of the Republic of Labin]. Zgodovina na dlani (in Slovenian). Archived from the original on February 6, 2023. Retrieved March 2, 2023.
  33. ^ "Labinska republika" [Labin Republic]. Istarska enciklopedija (in Croatian). Archived from the original on November 10, 2019. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
  34. ^ a b Li, Xiaobing (2012). China at War: An Encyclopedia. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 295. ISBN 9781598844153. Archived from the original on April 11, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  35. ^ a b c Yang, Benjamin; Saich, Tony (2016). The Rise to Power of the Chinese Communist Party: Documents and Analysis. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-56324-154-3.
  36. ^ Benton, Gregor (1999). New Fourth Army: Communist Resistance Along the Yangtze and the Huai, 1938–1941. University of California Press. p. 396. ISBN 978-0-520-21992-2.
  37. ^ Perry, Elizabeth J. (2018). "Is the Chinese communist regime legitimate?". In Rudolph, Jennifer; Szonyi, Michael (eds.). The China Questions: Critical Insights into a Rising Power (PDF). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 16, 2022. Retrieved February 17, 2022.
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