List of prime ministers of Syria
Appearance
(Redirected from List of Prime Ministers of Syria)
Member State of the Arab League |
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This is a list of prime ministers of Syria since 1920.
List of officeholders
[edit]Syria (1920–1958)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Note(s) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
Arab Kingdom of Syria (1920) | ||||||||
1 | Rida Pasha al-Rikabi رضا باشا الركابي (1864–1943) |
9 March 1920 | 3 May 1920 | 55 days | Independent | Previously Military Governor in the Occupied Enemy Territory Administration (1 October 1918 – 14 December 1919) | ||
— | Hashim al-Atassi هاشم الأتاسي (1875–1960) |
3 May 1920 | 25 July 1920 | 83 days | Independent | |||
2 | Aladdin Al-Droubi علاء الدين الدروبي (1870–1920) |
26 July 1920 | 21 August 1920 | 26 days | Independent | |||
3 | Jamil al-Ulshi جميل الألشي (1883–1951) |
6 September 1920 | 30 November 1920 | 85 days | Independent | |||
State of Syria (under French mandate; 1925–1930) | ||||||||
4 | Subhi Bey Barakat صبحي بك بركات الخالدي (1889–1939) |
26 January 1925 | 21 December 1925 | 329 days | Independent | |||
— | Taj al-Din al-Hasani تاج الدين الحسني (1885–1943) |
29 December 1925 | 6 January 1926 | 8 days | Independent | |||
5 | Ahmad Nami أحمد نامي (1873–1962) |
27 April 1926 | 9 February 1928 | 1 year, 288 days | Independent | |||
6 | Taj al-Din al-Hasani تاج الدين الحسني (1885–1943) |
15 April 1928 | 14 May 1930 | 2 years, 29 days | Independent | |||
First Syrian Republic (1930–1950) | ||||||||
Mandatory Syrian Republic (1930–1946) | ||||||||
(6) | Taj al-Din al-Hasani تاج الدين الحسني (1885–1943) |
14 May 1930 | 19 November 1931 | 1 year, 189 days | Independent | |||
7 | Haqqi al-Azm حقي العظم (1864–1955) |
7 June 1932 | 16 March 1934 | 1 year, 282 days | Independent | |||
8 | Taj al-Din al-Hasani تاج الدين الحسني (1885–1943) |
16 March 1934 | 22 February 1936 | 1 year, 343 days | Independent | |||
9 | Ata Bey al-Ayyubi عطا الأيوبي (1877–1951) |
22 February 1936 | 21 December 1936 | 303 days | Independent | |||
10 | Jamil Mardam Bey جميل مردم بك (1894–1960) |
21 December 1936 | 18 February 1939 | 2 years, 59 days | National Bloc | |||
11 | Lutfi al-Haffar لطفي الحفار (1885–1968) |
23 February 1939 | 13 March 1939 | 18 days | National Bloc | |||
12 | Nasuhi al-Bukhari نصوحي البخاري (1881–1961) |
6 April 1939 | 9 July 1939 | 94 days | Independent | |||
13 | Khalid al-Azm خالد العظم (1903–1965) |
4 April 1941 | 21 September 1941 | 170 days | Independent | |||
14 | Hassan al-Hakim حسن الحكيم (1886–1982) |
21 September 1941 | 19 April 1942 | 210 days | Independent | |||
15 | Husni al-Barazi حسني البرازي (1895–1975) |
19 April 1942 | 10 January 1943 | 266 days | Independent | |||
16 | Jamil al-Ulshi جميل الألشي (1883–1951) |
10 January 1943 | 25 March 1943 | 74 days | Independent | |||
17 | Ata Bey al-Ayyubi عطا الأيوبي (1877–1951) |
25 March 1943 | 17 August 1943 | 145 days | Independent | |||
18 | Saadallah al-Jabiri سعد الله الجابري (1891–1948) |
19 August 1943 | 14 October 1944 | 56 days | National Bloc | |||
19 | Fares al-Khoury فارس الخوري (1877–1962) |
14 October 1944 | 1 October 1945 | 352 days | National Bloc | |||
20 | Saadallah al-Jabiri سعد الله الجابري (1891–1948) |
1 October 1945 | 17 April 1946 | 198 days | National Bloc | |||
Independent First Syrian Republic (1946–1950) | ||||||||
(20) | Saadallah al-Jabiri سعد الله الجابري (1891–1948) |
17 April 1946 | 16 December 1946 | 243 days | National Bloc | |||
— | Khalid al-Azm خالد العظم (1903–1965) |
16 December 1946 | 29 December 1946 | 13 days | Independent | |||
21 | Jamil Mardam Bey جميل مردم بك (1894–1960) |
29 December 1946 | 17 December 1948 | 1 year, 354 days | National Bloc | |||
22 | Khalid al-Azm خالد العظم (1903–1965) |
17 December 1948 | 30 March 1949 | 103 days | Independent | |||
23 | Husni al-Za'im حسني الزعيم (1897–1949) |
17 April 1949 | 26 June 1949 | 70 days | Syrian Social Nationalist Party | |||
24 | Muhsin al-Barazi محسن البرازي (1904–1949) |
26 June 1949 | 14 August 1949 | 49 days | Independent | |||
25 | Hashim al-Atassi هاشم الأتاسي (1875–1960) |
17 August 1949 | 24 December 1949 | 129 days | People's Party | |||
26 | Nazim al-Qudsi ناظم القدسي (1906–1998) |
24 December 1949 | 27 December 1949 | 3 days | People's Party | |||
27 | Khalid al-Azm خالد العظم (1903–1965) |
27 December 1949 | 4 June 1950 | 159 days | Independent | |||
28 | Nazim al-Qudsi ناظم القدسي (1906–1998) |
4 June 1950 | 5 September 1950 | 93 days | People's Party | |||
Second Syrian Republic (1950–1958) | ||||||||
(28) | Nazim al-Qudsi ناظم القدسي (1906–1998) |
5 September 1950 | 27 March 1951 | 203 days | People's Party | |||
29 | Khalid al-Azm خالد العظم (1903–1965) |
27 March 1951 | 9 August 1951 | 135 days | Independent | |||
30 | Hassan al-Hakim حسن الحكيم (1886–1982) |
9 August 1951 | 13 November 1951 | 96 days | Independent | |||
— | Zaki al-Khatib زكي الخطيب (1887–1961) |
13 November 1951 | 28 November 1951 | 15 days | People's Party | |||
31 | Maarouf al-Dawalibi معروف الدواليبي (1909–2004) |
28 November 1951 | 29 November 1951 | 1 day | People's Party | |||
32 | Fawzi Selu فوزي سلو (1905–1972) |
3 December 1951 | 19 July 1953 | 1 year, 228 days | Military | Selu had no power, real power laid in the hands of Adib Shishakli.[1] | ||
33 | Adib Shishakli أديب الشيشكلي (1909–1964) |
19 July 1953 | 25 February 1954 | 221 days | Arab Liberation Movement | Shishakli resigned from office because of threats of a coup in 1954.[2] He fled the country, claiming that he did not want the country to fall into a civil war.[2] | ||
34 | Sabri al-Asali صبري العسلي (1903–1976) |
1 March 1954 | 19 June 1954 | 110 days | National Party | |||
35 | Said al-Ghazzi سعيد الغزي (1893–1967) |
19 June 1954 | 3 November 1954 | 137 days | Independent | |||
36 | Fares al-Khoury فارس الخوري (1877–1962) |
3 November 1954 | 13 February 1955 | 102 days | People's Party | |||
37 | Sabri al-Asali صبري العسلي (1903–1976) |
13 February 1955 | 13 September 1955 | 212 days | National Party | |||
38 | Said al-Ghazzi سعيد الغزي (1893–1967) |
13 September 1955 | 14 June 1956 | 275 days | Independent | |||
39 | Sabri al-Asali صبري العسلي (1903–1976) |
14 June 1956 | 22 February 1958 | 1 year, 253 days | National Party |
United Arab Republic (1958–1961)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
40 | Nur al-Din Kahala نور الدين كحالة (1908–1965) |
7 October 1958 | 20 September 1960 | 1 year, 349 days | National Union | ||
41 | Abdel Hamid al-Sarraj عبد الحميد السراج (1925–2013) |
20 September 1960 | 16 August 1961 | 330 days | National Union |
Syria (1961–present)
[edit]No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Government | Note(s) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||||
Second Syrian Republic (Syrian Arab Republic; 1961–1963) | |||||||||
42 | Maamun al-Kuzbari مأمون الكزبري (1914–1998) |
29 September 1961 | 20 November 1961 | 52 days | Independent | al-Kuzbari | Kuzbari took office following the 1961 coup d'état, which dissolved the United Arab Republic. | ||
43 | Izzat al-Nuss عزت النص (1912–1976)[3] |
20 November 1961 | 14 December 1961 | 24 days | Military | al-Nuss | |||
44 | Maarouf al-Dawalibi معروف الدواليبي (1909–2004) |
22 December 1961 | 28 March 1962 | 96 days | People's Party | al-Dawalibi | |||
45 | Bashir al-Azma بشير العظَمة (1910–1992) |
16 April 1962 | 14 September 1962 | 151 days | Independent | al-Azma | |||
46 | Khalid al-Azm خالد العظم (1903–1965) |
17 September 1962 | 9 March 1963 | 173 days | Independent | al-Azm | The 1963 coup d'état, an event known as the 8th of March Revolution, toppled Azm and brought the National Council for the Revolutionary Command (NCRC) to government, although real power lay with the Ba'athist Military Committee, which organized the coup.[4] | ||
Ba'athist Syria (Syrian Arab Republic; 1963–2024) | |||||||||
47 | Salah al-Din al-Bitar صلاح الدين البيطار (1912–1980) |
9 March 1963 | 11 May 1963 | 63 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Bitar I | |||
— | Sami al-Jundi سامي الجندي (1921–1996) |
11 May 1963 | 13 May 1963 | 2 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Bitar I | |||
(47) | Salah al-Din al-Bitar صلاح الدين البيطار (1912–1980) |
13 May 1963 | 11 November 1963 | 182 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Bitar II–III | |||
48 | Amin al-Hafiz أمين الحافظ (1921–2009) |
12 November 1963 | 13 May 1964 | 183 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Hafiz I | |||
49 | Salah al-Din al-Bitar صلاح الدين البيطار (1912–1980) |
14 May 1964 | 3 October 1964 | 142 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Bitar IV | |||
50 | Amin al-Hafiz أمين الحافظ (1921–2009) |
4 October 1964 | 22 September 1965 | 353 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Hafiz II | |||
51 | Yusuf Zuayyin يوسف زعيّـن (1931–2016) |
22 September 1965 | 21 December 1965 | 90 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Zuayyin I | |||
52 | Salah al-Din al-Bitar صلاح الدين البيطار (1912–1980) |
1 January 1966 | 23 February 1966 | 53 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Bitar V | Bitar was overthrown by the Military Committee because of his support for Michel Aflaq and the National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party.[5] | ||
53 | Yusuf Zuayyin يوسف زعيّـن (1931–2016) |
1 March 1966 | 29 October 1968 | 2 years, 242 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Zuayyin II | |||
54 | Nureddin al-Atassi نور الدين الأتاسي (1929–1992) |
29 October 1968 | 18 November 1970 | 2 years, 20 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Atassi | Atassi was overthrown when a falling out occurred between Salah Jadid, the real ruler of Syria from 1966 to 1970, and Hafez al-Assad, the Minister of Defense.[6] Assad initiated the Corrective Movement in 1970.[7] | ||
55 | Hafez al-Assad حافظ الأسد (1930–2000) |
21 November 1970 | 3 April 1971 | 133 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Assad | |||
56 | Abdul Rahman Khleifawi عبد الرحمن خليفاوي (1930–2009) |
3 April 1971 | 21 December 1972 | 1 year, 262 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Khleifawi I | |||
57 | Mahmoud al-Ayyubi محمود الأيوبي (1932–2013) |
21 December 1972 | 7 August 1976 | 3 years, 230 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Ayyubi | |||
58 | Abdul Rahman Khleifawi عبد الرحمن خليفاوي (1930–2009) |
7 August 1976 | 27 March 1978 | 1 year, 232 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Khleifawi II | |||
59 | Muhammad Ali al-Halabi محمد علي الحلبي (1937–2016) |
27 March 1978 | 9 January 1980 | 1 year, 288 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Halabi | |||
60 | Abdul Rauf al-Kasm عبد الرؤوف الكسم (born 1932) |
9 January 1980 | 1 November 1987 | 7 years, 296 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Kasm | |||
61 | Mahmoud Al-Zoubi محمود الزعبي (1935–2000) |
1 November 1987 | 7 March 2000 | 12 years, 127 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Al-Zoubi | |||
62 | Muhammad Mustafa Mero محمد مصطفى ميرو (1941–2020) |
7 March 2000 | 10 September 2003 | 3 years, 187 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Mero I–II | |||
63 | Muhammad Naji al-Otari محمد ناجي عطري (born 1944) |
10 September 2003 | 14 April 2011 | 7 years, 216 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Naji al-Otari | |||
64 | Adel Safar عادل سفر (born 1953) |
14 April 2011 | 23 June 2012 | 1 year, 70 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Safar | |||
65 | Riyad Farid Hijab رياض فريد حجاب (born 1966) |
23 June 2012 | 6 August 2012 | 44 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Hijab | Defected to the opposition during the civil war.[8][9] | ||
— | Omar Ibrahim Ghalawanji عمر ابراهيم غلاونجي (born 1954) |
6 August 2012 | 9 August 2012 | 3 days | Independent[10] | Hijab | |||
66 | Wael Nader al-Halqi وائل نادر الحلقي (born 1964) |
9 August 2012 | 3 July 2016 | 3 years, 329 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Halqi I–II | |||
67 | Imad Khamis عماد خميس (born 1961) |
3 July 2016 | 11 June 2020 | 3 years, 344 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Khamis | |||
68 | Hussein Arnous حسين عرنوس (born 1953) |
11 June 2020 | 14 September 2024 | 4 years, 95 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Arnous I–II | |||
69 | Mohammad Ghazi al-Jalali محمد غازي الجلالي (born 1969) |
14 September 2024 | 8 December 2024 | 85 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Jalali | |||
Transitional period (2024–present) | |||||||||
— | Mohammad Ghazi al-Jalali محمد غازي الجلالي (born 1969) |
8 December 2024 | 10 December 2024 | 2 days | Independent | Transitional | Served as caretaker until al-Bashir assumed power. | ||
70 | Mohammed al-Bashir محمد البشير (born 1983) |
10 December 2024 | Incumbent | 15 days | Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham | Transitional | Previously Prime Minister of the Syrian Salvation Government. |
Timeline
[edit]See also
[edit]- President of Syria
- Vice President of Syria
- Prime Minister of Syria
- Speaker of the People's Assembly of Syria
References
[edit]- General
- ^ Moubayed 2006, p. 85.
- ^ a b Moubayed 2006, p. 339.
- ^ "Who's who in the Arab World". 1974.
- ^ Moubayed 2006, p. 133.
- ^ Seale 1990, pp. 99–101.
- ^ Seale 1990, pp. 142–144.
- ^ Seale 1990, pp. 162–163.
- ^ "Syrian prime minister joins opposition". Al Jazeera. 6 August 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
- ^ "Syria PM Riad Hijab defects to Jordan". BBC News. 6 August 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
- ^ "أول رئيس حكومة"غير بعثي"منذ 1963...مصدر رفيع لسيريانديز:غلاونجي باق في الفترة القادمة" [The first Prime Minister since 1963 not to belong to the Ba'ath Party... A senior source to SyrianDays: Ghalawanji will remain for the next period.] (in Arabic). syriandays.com. 9 August 2012. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
- Bibliography
- Moubayed, Sami M. (2006). Steel & Silk: Men and Women who shaped Syria 1900–2000. Cune Press. ISBN 1-885942-40-0.
- Seale, Patrick (1990). Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520069763.