Philip III of Navarre
| Philip III of Navarre | |
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| Bust of Philip III, now in the Louvre | |
| Spouse(s) | Joan II of Navarre |
| Noble family | House of Évreux |
| Father | Louis of Évreux |
| Mother | Margaret of Artois |
| Born | 27 March 1306 |
| Died | 16 September 1343 (aged 37) Jerez de la Frontera |
Philip III (27 March 1306 – 16 September 1343), called the Noble (el Noble) or the Wise, Count of Évreux[1] (1319–1343) and King of Navarre (1328–1343), was the second son of Louis of Évreux and Margaret of Artois and therefore a grandson of King Philip III of France.[2] Because of this descent, he was a possible heir to the throne of France.
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[edit] Inheritance
In due course, he inherited the County of Évreux, in Normandy, from his father, and ten years later became Philip III, jure uxoris King of Navarre, on the death of his cousin Charles IV of France. On 18 June 1318, he had married the heiress Joan II. She held extensive fiefdoms in northern France, as well as Navarre. Because of their lands and their many royal relatives, Philip and his wife were influential in both France and Navarre and spent much of their lives going back and forth between them.
[edit] Military achievements
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By the Treaty of Villeneuve-lès-Avignon of 14 March 1336 he received the counties of Angoulème and Mortain in the peerage of France, and the castles of Benon in Aunis and Fontenay-l'Abattu in Poitou. In 1339, he was at the side of the kings of France, Bohemia (John), and Scotland (David II), relieving the cities of Cambrai and Tournai, besieged by the English. This was the opening stages of the Hundred Years' War.
Aside from that war on French soil, Philip actively participated in the Reconquista in Iberia. He joined the crusade intitiated by Alfonso XI of Castile against the Kingdom of Granada and was mortally wounded by an arrow and died at the siege of Algeciras.[3]
[edit] Marriage and children
By his wife Joan, he had eight children:
- Maria (c. 1329 – 1347), first wife of Peter IV of Aragon
- Blanche (1331–1398), second wife of Philip VI of France
- Charles II the Bad (1332–1387), successor, Count of Évreux and King of Navarre[4]
- Agnes (1334–1396), married Gaston III, Count of Foix
- Philip, Count of Longueville (1336–1363), married Yolande de Dampierre
- Joanna (1338–1387), nun at Longchamps
- Joanna (1339–1403), married John I, Viscount of Rohan
- Louis (1341–1372), Count of Beaumont-le-Roger, married firstly Maria de Lizarazu and secondly Joanna, Duchess of Durazzo
[edit] Notes
- ^ The Catholic encyclopedia, Vol.10, Ed. Charles George Herbermann, (The Encyclopedia Press, 1913), 722.
- ^ The Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol.10, Ed. Hugh Chisholm, (1911), 37.
- ^ Housley, Norman, The Avignon papacy and the Crusades, 1305-1378, (Oxford University Press, 1986), 61.
- ^ The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol.10, 722.
[edit] References
- The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol.10, Ed. Charles George Herbermann, The Encyclopedia Press, 1913.
- The Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol.10, Ed. Hugh Chisholm, 1911.
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Philip III of Navarre
Born: 27 March 1306 Died: 16 September 1343 |
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| Preceded by Louis d'Évreux |
Count of Évreux 1319–1343 |
Succeeded by Charles II of Navarre |
| Preceded by Joan II |
King of Navarre (jure uxoris) With Joan II 1328–1343 |
Succeeded by Charles II |
