President of the Legislative Yuan
President of the Legislative Yuan | |
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立法院院長 | |
![]() Seal of the Legislative Yuan | |
since 1 February 2020 | |
Legislative Yuan | |
Style | Mr President (within Legislative Yuan) |
Seat | Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan |
Appointer | Legislative Yuan |
Term length | 4 years; renewable |
Formation | 8 October 1928 17 May 1948 (1947 Constitution) | (original)
First holder | Hu Hanmin |
Deputy | Vice President |
Website | www |
President of the Legislative Yuan | |||||||||||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 立法院院長 | ||||||||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 立法院院长 | ||||||||||||||||||
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The president of the Legislative Yuan is the presiding officer of the Legislative Yuan of the Republic of China. The incumbent president is Yu Shyi-kun, a Democratic Progressive Party legislator and the second DPP President of the Legislative Yuan.
Election
The president is elected by and from among all members of the Yuan in a preparatory meeting held on the first reporting day of the first session of each Legislative Yuan, and he shall serve a term the same length as that of other members.
Duty
The president presides over the Yuan Sittings and the meetings of the Committee of the Entire Yuan and is responsible for the administration of the Yuan. In the cases in which the president of the Legislative Yuan is unable to attend to his or her duties, the vice president acts in his or her place.
List of presidents of the Legislative Yuan
Pre-1947 Constitution
During the Nationalist government era, the President of Legislative Yuan was appointed by the Central Committee of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party).
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Took Office | Left Office | Political Party | Chairman | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
Hu Hanmin 胡漢民 Hú Hànmín |
8 Oct 1928 | 2 Mar 1931 | Kuomintang | ![]() Tan Yankai (Kuomintang) | |
![]() Chiang Kai-shek (Kuomintang) | |||||||
2 | ![]() |
Lin Sen[1] 林森 Lín Sēn |
2 Mar 1931 | 1 Jan 1932 | Kuomintang | ||
![]() Lin Sen (Kuomintang) | |||||||
— | ![]() |
Shao Yuanchong[2] 邵元沖 Shào Yuánchōng |
2 Mar 1931 | 1 Jan 1932 | Kuomintang | ||
3 | ![]() |
Chang Chi[1] 張繼 Zhāng Jì |
1 Jan 1932 | 28 Jan 1932 | Kuomintang | ||
— | ![]() |
Qin Zhen[2] 覃振 Qín Zhèn |
1 Jan 1932 | 14 May 1932 | Kuomintang | ||
— | ![]() |
Shao Yuanchong[2] 邵元沖 Shào Yuánchōng |
14 May 1932 | 1 Dec 1932 | Kuomintang | ||
4 | ![]() |
Sun Fo[3] 孫科 Sūn Kē |
29 Jan 1932[4] | 17 May 1948 | Kuomintang | ||
![]() Chiang Kai-shek (Kuomintang) |
1947 Constitution
The first Legislative Yuan election under the 1947 Constitution of the Republic of China was held in 1948.[5] However, the government retreated to Taiwan in 1949. Members of the first Legislative Yuan had their terms extended indefinitely and the sessions of the first Legislative Yuan were conducted in Taiwan until December 31, 1991 while some supplementary members kept serving until January 31, 1993.
№ | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Took Office | Left Office | Term | Electoral mandates (Supplementary elections) |
Political Party | President | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ![]() |
Sun Fo 孫科 Sūn Kē (1891-1973) MLY for Canton at-large |
17 May 1948 | 24 Dec 1948 | 1 | 1948 | Kuomintang | ![]() Chiang Kai-shek (KMT) | |
2 | ![]() |
Tung Gun-shin 童冠賢 Tóng Guānxián (1894-1981) MLY for Chahar at-large |
24 Dec 1948 | 7 Oct 1950 | — | Kuomintang | |||
3 | ![]() |
Liu Jin-chin 劉健群 Liú Jiànqún (1903-1972) MLY for Kweichow 2nd District |
5 Dec 1950 | 19 Oct 1951 | — | Kuomintang | |||
— | ![]() |
Huang Guo-shu 黃國書 Huáng Guóshū (1905-1987) MLY for Taiwan at-large |
19 Oct 1951[2] | 11 Mar 1952 | — | Kuomintang | |||
4 | ![]() |
Chang Tao-fan 張道藩 Zhāng Dàofān (1897-1968) MLY for Kweichow 2nd District |
11 Mar 1952 | 20 Feb 1961 | — | Kuomintang | |||
5 | ![]() |
Huang Guo-shu[6] 黃國書 Huáng Guóshū (1905-1987) MLY for Taiwan at-large |
28 Feb 1961 | 19 Feb 1972 | 1948, 1969 | Kuomintang | |||
— | ![]() |
Ni Wen-ya 倪文亞 Ní Wényà (1902-2006) MLY for Chekiang 3rd District |
19 Feb 1972[2] | 2 May 1972 | — | Kuomintang | |||
6 | 2 May 1972 | 20 Dec 1988 | 1948, 1969, 1972 | ||||||
1948, 1969, 1975 | ![]() Yen Chia-kan (KMT) | ||||||||
1948, 1969, 1980 1948, 1969, 1983 1948, 1969, 1986 |
Chiang Ching-kuo (KMT) | ||||||||
— | File:總統李登輝先生玉照 (國民大會實錄).jpg Lee Teng-hui (KMT) | ||||||||
— | ![]() |
Liu Kuo-tsai 劉闊才 Liú Kuòcái (1911-1993) MLY for Taiwan 1st District |
20 Dec 1988[2] | 24 Feb 1989 | — | Kuomintang | |||
7 | 24 Feb 1989 | 20 Feb 1990 | — | ||||||
— | ![]() |
Liang Su-yung 梁肅戎 (1920-2004) Liáng Sùróng MLY for Liaopeh at-large |
20 Feb 1990[2] | 27 Feb 1990 | 1948, 1969, 1989 | Kuomintang | |||
8 | 27 Feb 1990 | 31 Dec 1991[7] | 1948, 1969, 1989 | ||||||
9 | ![]() |
Liu Sung-pan 劉松藩 Liú Sōngfān (1931-2016) MLY for Taiwan 6th District |
17 Jan 1992 | 1 Feb 1993 | 1989[8] | Kuomintang |
1991 Constitution amendment
The Additional Articles of the Constitution promulgated in 1991 mandated the total re-election of Legislative Yuan in Taiwan.
Kuomintang Democratic Progressive Party
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Took Office | Left Office | Term | Electoral mandates (Proportional vote share) |
Political Party | President (Government) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(9) | ![]() |
Liu Sung-pan 劉松藩 Liú Sōngfān (Mandarin) Lâu Siông-phoan (Taiwanese) Liù Chhiùng-fân (Hakka) (1931-2016) MLY for Taichung County |
1 Feb 1993 | 1 Feb 1996 | 2 | 1992 53.0% | Kuomintang | File:總統李登輝先生玉照 (國民大會實錄).jpg Lee Teng-hui (KMT) (Majority) | |
1 Feb 1996 | 1 Feb 1999 | 3 | 1995 46.1% | ||||||
10 | ![]() |
Wang Jin-pyng[9] 王金平 Wáng Jīnpíng (Mandarin) Ông Kim-pêng (Taiwanese) Vòng Kîm-phiàng (Hakka) (1941-) MLY for Kaohsiung County until 2005 MLY for Nationwide KMT at-large №1 from 2005 |
1 Feb 1999 | 1 Feb 2002 | 4 | 1998 46.4% | Kuomintang | ||
![]() Chen Shui-bian (DPP) (Minority) | |||||||||
1 Feb 2002 | 1 Feb 2005 | 5 | 2001 31.3% + 23.2% (Pan-Blue Coalition) | ||||||
1 Feb 2005 | 1 Feb 2008 | 6 | 2004 34.9% + 14.9% (Pan-Blue Coalition) | ||||||
1 Feb 2008 | 1 Feb 2012 | 7 | 2008 53.5% | ||||||
![]() Ma Ying-jeou (KMT) (Majority: 2008-2016) (Minority: 2016) | |||||||||
1 Feb 2012 | 1 Feb 2016 | 8 | 2012 44.5% | ||||||
11 | Su Jia-chyuan[10] 蘇嘉全 Sū Jiāquán (Mandarin) So͘ Ka-choân (Taiwanese) Sû Kâ-chhiòn (Hakka) (1956-) MLY for Nationwide DPP at-large №9 |
1 Feb 2016 | 1 Feb 2020 | 9 | 2016 44.1% | Democratic Progressive | |||
![]() Tsai Ing-wen (DPP) (Majority) | |||||||||
12 | ![]() |
Yu Shyi-kun 游錫堃 Yóu Xíkūn (Mandarin) Iû Sek-khun (Taiwanese) Yù Siak-khûn (Hakka) (1948-) MLY for Nationwide DPP at-large №7 |
1 Feb 2020 | Incumbent | 10 | 2020 34.0% | Democratic Progressive |
Timeline
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/8czykbdy34ljlirxnalopv17ic0mbxy.png)
Speakership age-related data (post-1947 constitution)
As of September 2024, two former presidents of the Legislative Yuan are still alive. The most recent death of a former premier was that of Liu Sung-pan (who was president of the Yuan during 1992–1999) on 18 November 2016.
# | Speaker | Born | Age at start of first term |
Age at end of last term |
Post-speakership timespan |
Lifespan | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Died | Age | ||||||
1 | Sun Fo | Oct 21, 1891 | 56 years, 209 days May 17, 1948 |
57 years, 64 days Dec 24, 1948 |
24 years, 263 days | Sep 13, 1973 | 81 years, 327 days |
2 | Tung Gun-shin | May 16, 1894 | 54 years, 222 days Dec 24, 1948 |
56 years, 144 days Oct 7, 1950 |
30 years, 304 days | Aug 7, 1981 | 87 years, 83 days |
3 | Liu Jin-chin | 1902 | Dec 5, 1950 |
47 or 48 yearsOct 19, 1951 |
48 or 49 years20 years, 150 days | Mar 17, 1972 | 70 or 71 years |
4 | Chang Tao-fan | Aug 9, 1897 | 54 years, 215 days Mar 11, 1952 |
63 years, 195 days Feb 20, 1961 |
7 years, 113 days | Jun 12, 1968 | 70 years, 308 days |
5 | Huang Guo-shu | Aug 8, 1905 | 55 years, 204 days Feb 28, 1961 |
66 years, 195 days Feb 19, 1972 |
15 years, 292 days | Dec 8, 1987 | 82 years, 122 days |
6 | Ni Wen-ya | Mar 2, 1902 | 70 years, 61 days May 2, 1972 |
86 years, 293 days Dec 20, 1988 |
17 years, 165 days | Jun 3, 2006 | 104 years, 93 days |
7 | Liu Kuo-tsai | 1911 | Feb 24, 1989 |
77 or 78 yearsFeb 20, 1990 |
78 or 79 years3 years, 90 days | May 21, 1993 | 81 or 82 years |
8 | Liang Su-yung | Aug 8, 1920 | 69 years, 203 days Feb 27, 1990 |
71 years, 145 days Dec 31, 1991 |
12 years, 240 days | Aug 27, 2004 | 84 years, 19 days |
9 | Liu Sung-pan | Dec 3, 1931 | 60 years, 45 days Jan 17, 1992 |
67 years, 60 days Feb 1, 1999 |
17 years, 291 days | Nov 18, 2016 | 84 years, 351 days |
10 | Wang Jin-pyng | Mar 17, 1941 | 57 years, 321 days Feb 1, 1999 |
74 years, 321 days Feb 1, 2016 |
8 years, 216 days | (living) | 83 years, 171 days |
11 | Su Jia-chyuan | Oct 22, 1956 | 59 years, 102 days Feb 1, 2016 |
63 years, 102 days Feb 1, 2020 |
4 years, 216 days | (living) | 67 years, 318 days |
13 | Yu Shyi-kun | Apr 25, 1948 | 71 years, 282 days Feb 1, 2020 |
(incumbent) | (incumbent) | (living) | 76 years, 132 days |
Oldest living
Green text and an asterisk mark the inauguration date of a speaker older than any living former speaker. Other dates are the deaths of the then-oldest speaker.
Speaker | Date range | Age at start | Age at end | Time span |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sun Fo | May 17, 1948* – September 13, 1973 | 56 years, 209 days | 81 years, 327 days | 25 years, 119 days |
Tung Gun-shin | September 13, 1973 – August 7, 1981 | 79 years, 120 days | 87 years, 83 days | 7 years, 328 days |
Ni Wen-ya | August 7, 1981 – June 3, 2006 | 79 years, 158 days | 104 years, 93 days | 24 years, 300 days |
Liu Sung-pan | June 3, 2006 – November 18, 2016 | 74 years, 182 days | 84 years, 351 days | 10 years, 168 days |
Wang Jin-pyng | November 18, 2016 – present | 75 years, 246 days | (living) | 7 years, 291 days |
See also
- Legislative Yuan
- Legislative elections in Taiwan
- Government of the Republic of China
- Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
References
- ^ a b Did not assume post.
- ^ a b c d e f g As acting; vice president of the LY.
- ^ Son of Dr. Sun Yat-sen. Only individual to have been president of three government branches.
- ^ Assumed post on 12 January 1933.
- ^ "歷屆院長 (Past Presidents)" (in Chinese). Legislative Yuan. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- ^ First head with Taiwanese ancestry of any government branch.
- ^ Retired with all Mainland legislators.
- ^ Chamber consisted of supplementary members only.
- ^ Longest-serving president of the Legislative Yuan.
- ^ First non-KMT President of the Legislative Yuan.