Taxman

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This article is about the Beatles song. For the profession, see Tax collector. For other uses of taxman, see The Taxman (disambiguation).
"Taxman"
Song

"Taxman" is a song written by George Harrison released as the opening track on The Beatles' 1966 album Revolver. Its lyrics attack the high levels of progressive tax taken by the British Labour government of Harold Wilson.[2][3]

Composition and recording

Harrison said, "'Taxman' was when I first realised that even though we had started earning money, we were actually giving most of it away in taxes. It was and still is typical."[4] The Beatles' large earnings placed them in the top tax bracket in the United Kingdom, liable to a 95% supertax introduced by Harold Wilson's Labour government.[5] In a 1984 interview with Playboy magazine, Paul McCartney agreed: "George wrote that and I played guitar on it. He wrote it in anger at finding out what the taxman did. He had never known before then what he'll do with your money."

In 1980, Lennon recalled in an interview with Playboy magazine, "I remember the day he [Harrison] called to ask for help on 'Taxman', one of his first songs. I threw in a few one-liners to help the song along, because that's what he asked for. He came to me because he couldn't go to Paul, because Paul wouldn't have helped him at that period. I didn't want to do it... I just sort of bit my tongue and said OK. It had been John and Paul for so long, he'd been left out because he hadn't been a songwriter up until then."[6]

The backing vocals' references to "Mr. Wilson" and "Mr. Heath," suggested by Lennon, refer to Harold Wilson and Edward Heath, who were the leaders of the Labour Party and the Conservative Party, the two largest parties in British politics.[2] Wilson, then Prime Minister, had nominated all four of The Beatles as Members of the Order of the British Empire just the previous year.[2] The chanted names replaced two refrains of "Anybody got a bit of money?" heard in take 11, an earlier version released on Anthology 2 in 1996.[7]

Recording began on 20 April 1966, but this was left unused and ten new takes occurred on 21 April 1966, the four tracks being filled that day with drums and bass, Harrison's distorted rhythm guitar, overdubs of his vocal and Lennon and McCartney's backing vocals. The ending was created on 21 June.[8]

Musical characteristics

The song is in the key of D Major and in 4/4 time.[9] The recording begins before the actual song with coughing and counting (pointedly cut short- the real count being heard in the background[10]) that McCartney described as sounds that were on the tape, and that Lennon "thought [the listeners] would like to hear."[11]

The chords stress the flat VII (C-natural in the key of D major) and frequently involve a major/minor I chord (D/Dm), which evoke either Mixolydian or Dorian modes. There is one flat-III (F chord) near the end, but unusually no V (A) chord.[12] The song is also notable musically for its use of both a 5th string voicing of the Dominant seventh sharp ninth chord to embellish the tonic D7 chord at the end of each two-line verse (at 0.12 and 0.19secs), and a 6th-string form to create a complementary "jarring dissonance" with the lyrics in the subdominant (IV) G chord (to a G7#9) at 1.29 (after the solo) on Cause I'm the taxman, yeah-I'm 'the taxman'.[13] McCartney's bass line has been considered to imitate Motown bassist James Jamerson in its active lines and glissandi (at 0.55-1.08)[14] In the third verse McCartney doubles his own pentatonic bass line while outlining the jarring Iflat7 chord in octaves (at 1.32-1.44).[15]

Paul's guitar solo utilises what Pollack describes as "fast triplets, exotic modal touches, and a melodic shape which traverses several octaves and ends with a breathtaking upward flourish".[16] Everett considers that McCartney's solo is in the same Dorian mode adapted by Harrison in Love You To. [17] In 1987, Harrison stated: "I was pleased to have Paul play that bit on 'Taxman'. If you notice, he did like a little Indian bit on it for me."[18] Ian MacDonald praised McCartney's contributions to the song saying his guitar solo was "outstanding" and his bass part was "remarkable".[2]

Legacy

In the show Love, the guitar solo was sampled in the piece "Drive My Car"/"The Word"/"What You're Doing".

"Taxman" was included in Harrison's concert repertoire during his solo career; on his tour of Japan in 1991 with Eric Clapton, "Taxman" was on the set list. "It's a song that goes regardless if it's the sixties, seventies, eighties or nineties," Harrison declared. "There's always a taxman." Harrison added more lyrics on that tour, such as "If you're overweight, I'll tax your fat."

In the US, radio disc jockeys and TV news reporters annually feature the song in the days leading up to 15 April, the date by which US income tax returns must usually be filed. Some post offices have even been known to sardonically play the song on in-house audio systems for the long lines of last-minute tax filers. In 2002, tax preparation service H&R Block used a slower-paced cover version of the song in television commercials.[citation needed]

Personnel

Personnel per MacDonald[2]

Other versions

The song has also been played and recorded by Junior Parker, Les Claypool, Black Oak Arkansas, Bill Wyman, The Music Machine, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Nickel Creek, Les Fradkin, Rootjoose, Garrison Starr, Rockwell, Mutual Admiration Society, Pat Travers, Franz Ferdinand, Power Station, and Saga.

Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers played the song in tribute to Harrison at 2002's Concert For George.

"Weird Al" Yankovic recorded a parody of this song in late 1981 called "Pac-Man", during the height of the game's popularity. It was released on the compilation Dr. Demento's Basement Tapes No. 4.

Beatallica recorded a parody called "Sandman", which also was a parody of a popular Metallica song, "Enter Sandman".

The Jam in 1980's "Start!" wrote a new song around the McCartney bassline and guitar solos.

Ride's song "Seagull", from the album Nowhere, borrows McCartney's bassline.

Notes

  1. ^ Pete Prown, Harvey P. Newquist, Jon F. Eiche,"Legends of rock guitar: the essential reference of rock's greatest guitarists",ISBN 0-7935-4042-9, p.28.
  2. ^ a b c d e MacDonald 2005, p. 200.
  3. ^ Everett 2010, p. 48.
  4. ^ Harrison 1980, p. 94.
  5. ^ WalesOnline 2009.
  6. ^ Sheff 2000, pp. 150–151.
  7. ^ Apple Records 1996, p. 22.
  8. ^ Walter Everett. The Beatles as Musicians. Revolver Through the Anthology. Oxford University Press,. New York, 1999 ISBN 978-0-19-512941-0 p48
  9. ^ Alan Pollack. Notes on 'Taxman' http://www.icce.rug.nl/~soundscapes/DATABASES/AWP/t.shtml accessed 28 Feb 2012
  10. ^ Alan Pollack. Notes on 'Taxman' http://www.icce.rug.nl/~soundscapes/DATABASES/AWP/t.shtml accessed 28 Feb 2012
  11. ^ Gilliland 1969, show 39, track 1.
  12. ^ Alan Pollack. Notes on 'Taxman' http://www.icce.rug.nl/~soundscapes/DATABASES/AWP/t.shtml accessed 28 Feb 2012
  13. ^ Dominic Pedler. The Song Writing Secrets of the Beatles. Omnibus Press. London 2003 p440.
  14. ^ Walter Everett. The Beatles as Musicians. Revolver Through the Anthology. Oxford Uni Press. NY 1999 ISBN 978-0-19-512941-0 p49
  15. ^ Walter Everett. The Beatles as Musicians. Revolver Through the Anthology. Oxford Uni Press. NY 1999 ISBN 978-0-19-512941-0 p49
  16. ^ Alan Pollack. Notes on 'Taxman' http://www.icce.rug.nl/~soundscapes/DATABASES/AWP/t.shtml accessed 28 Feb 2012
  17. ^ Walter Everett. The Beatles as Musicians. Revolver Through the Anthology. Oxford Uni Press. NY 1999 ISBN 978-0-19-512941-0 p49
  18. ^ Guitar 1987.

References

  • Anthology 2 (Media notes). London: Apple Records. 1996. {{cite AV media notes}}: |format= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |albumlink= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |bandname= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |publisherid= ignored (help)
  • Everett, Walter (1999). The Beatles as Musicians: Revolver through the Anthology Project. US: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-512941-5. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Everett, Walter (2010). The Beatles as Musicians. Oxford University Press US. ISBN 978-0-19-512941-0. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Gilliland, John (1969). "The Rubberization of Soul: The great pop music renaissance" (audio). Pop Chronicles. Digital.library.unt.edu. {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Guitar. November 1987. {{cite magazine}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  • Harrison, George (1980). I Me Mine. London: Phoenix. ISBN 0-7538-1734-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • "How the Budget affects you: The public give their verdict". WalesOnline. 23 April 2009. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  • MacDonald, Ian (2005). Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties (Second Revised ed.). London: Pimlico (Rand). ISBN 1-84413-828-3. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Robb, John (2010). The Stone Roses and the Resurrection of British Pop. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Sheff, David (2000). All We Are Saying: The Last Major Interview with John Lennon and Yoko Ono. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-25464-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Strong, Martin C (2010). The Essential Rock Discography. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Unterberger, Richie (2009). "Review of "Taxman"". Allmusic. Retrieved 7 September 2009. {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

External links

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