User:Acrimin/Economy of Dublin

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The south facade of the Custom House by night

Dublin is the largest city and capital of Ireland, and is the country's economic hub. As well as being the location of the national parliament and most of the civil service, Dublin is also the focal point of media in the country. Much of Ireland's transportation network radiates from the city, and Dublin Port is responsible for a large proportion of Ireland's import and export trade.

Dublin is home to a number of multinational corporations, including in "hi tech" sectors such as information technology, digital media, financial services and the pharmaceutical industry. Dublin is also the location of the headquarters of several large Irish public companies including Bank of Ireland, CRH plc, Ryanair, Smurfit Kappa and Paddy Power. Many of Ireland's public sector and state owned employers are based in Dublin including utility companies such as ESB Group, educational institutions such as Dublin Institute of Technology, Trinity College, Dublin and University College Dublin, most of Ireland's higher courts, RTÉ (Irelands national public service broadcaster), and several teaching hospitals. Other employers service the tourism and retail markets.

Analysis[edit]

Rankings[edit]

In 2017 Dublin ranked 1st in Ireland by disposable income per person, at 110% of the State average.[1]

In 2008, it was the city with the 2nd highest wages in the world,[2] dropping to 10th place in 2009,[3] and (according to a Brookings Institute report in 2012) had the 14th highest income per capita in the world at $55,578 (€42,960).[4]

As of 2011, Mercer's 2011 Worldwide Cost of Living Survey listed Dublin as the 13th most expensive city in the European Union (down from 10th in 2010), and the 58th most expensive place to live in the world (down from 42nd in 2010).[5] Similar surveys of ex-pats in 2015 and 2017 ranked the city as the 49th and 47th most expensive city respectively.[6][7]

GDP[edit]

According to Eurostat 2012 figures, the GDP of the Dublin Metropolitan Area (including counties Meath, Kildare and Wicklow) was approximately €83.bn, representing 47% of Irish GDP, and ranking 20th among European metropolitan areas by Gross metropolitan product.[8] County Dublin alone had a GDP of €73 billion and a GDP per capita of €57,200.[9]

According to 2014 CSO figures, County Dublin contributed €87 billion to national GDP with a GDP per capita of €68,208 and the Greater Dublin area contributing €103 billion and a GDP per capita of €56,971.[10]

Other indicators[edit]

Dublin was at the centre of Ireland's rapid economic growth from 1995 to 2007 when both the standards and the cost of living in the city rose dramatically. By 2018, the Economic and Social Research Institute reported that the concentration of population and economic activity in Dublin (accounting for approximately 50% of all economic activity in the country) was "unsustainable".[11] The Irish Times also queried whether the lack of available rental accommodation in the capital would impact Dublin's economic growth.[12]

Government[edit]

Dublin is the capital of Ireland, and much of the jobs in the Irish Civil Service are based in the Dublin 1 and Dublin 2 postal districts.[13]

County Dublin is divided into four council areas: Dublin City Council, Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, South Dublin and Fingal.

Transport[edit]

Aer Arann headquarters

Canals and ports[edit]

Ireland's two longest canals, the Royal Canal and the Grand Canal, meet in Dublin Bay. Ireland relies heavily on the sea for trade, and over 90% of imports and exports are shipped through the country's many ports.[14]

Dublin Port is Ireland's largest port facility,[15] and it was responsible for almost half of all passengers travelling to or from Ireland by ship in 2016.[16] On average, the Dublin Port Company ships 28.4 million tons of goods every year (16.9 million tons imported and 11.5 million tons exported).[17] It is classified as a core port[18] by the EU's TEN-T program[19] and handles almost 50% of all trade[20] in the Republic of Ireland.

The port of Dún Laoghaire is also located in Dublin, and functions both as a port and a tourist destination.[21] As a port, it is a major servicer of passenger ferries and yachts.[22]

Dublin Airport[edit]

Dublin Airport is the biggest and busiest in Ireland, with two terminals, handling almost 28 million passengers annually (as of 2016).[23] The Irish airlines Aer Lingus, CityJet and Ryanair have their own head offices in Dublin.[24]

Rail[edit]

Heuston and Connolly stations are the two main railway stations in Dublin. The Irish railway system radiates from Dublin run by Irish Rail. Similarly, a number of routes in the Irish road system spread outwards from Dublin. Operated by Iarnród Éireann, the Dublin Suburban Rail network consists of five railway lines serving the Greater Dublin Area and commuter towns such as Drogheda and Dundalk in County Louth. One of these lines is the electrified Dublin Area Rapid Transit (DART) line, which runs primarily along the coast from Malahide and Howth southwards as far as Greystones.[25] Commuter rail operates on the other four lines using Irish Rail diesel multiple units. In 2013, passengers for DART and Dublin Suburban lines were 16 million and 11.7 million, respectively (around 75% of all Irish Rail passengers).[26]

The Luas is an electrified light rail system which has been operating since 2004 and carried over 30 million passengers annually (as of 2012).[27] The network consists of two tram lines; the Red Line links the Docklands and city centre with the south-western suburbs, while the Green Line connects the city centre with suburbs to the south of the city.[28]

Economic sectors[edit]

In 2005, around 800,000 people were employed in Greater Dublin, of whom around 600,000 were employed in the services sector and 200,000 in the industrial sector.[29]

Media[edit]

Dublin is home to a number of national newspapers, radio stations, television stations and telephone companies. RTÉ is Ireland's national state broadcaster, and is based in Donnybrook. Virgin Media One, MTV Ireland and Sky News are also based in the city. The headquarters of An Post and telecommunications companies such as Eir, as well as mobile operators Meteor, Vodafone and 3 are all located in the Dublin area. Dublin is also the headquarters of national newspapers such as The Irish Times, Irish Independent and The Herald.

Food and drink[edit]

One of Ireland's most widely known alcoholic drinks, Guinness, has been brewed at the St. James's Gate Brewery since 1759. Dublin also profited from the role of the beef industry, as the main export port for beef bound to Britain.[citation needed]

Information and communications technology[edit]

See also: Silicon Docks
One George's Quay Plaza at night (middle)

A number of IT companies are located in the city, including in the south inner area of Dublin 2, and the adjacent counties. Among these are Amazon, Ebay, Dell, Facebook, Zynga, Dropbox, LinkedIn, Indeed, Twitter, Google, EMC, Microsoft, Oracle, PayPal, SAP, Symantec, and Yahoo!. A number of these organisations have premises in the Silicon Docks area of the city.[citation needed]

The area surrounding Ireland's capital city has the largest concentration of large-scale data centre operations in the country,[30] including global operations run by Google, Microsoft and Amazon.[31][32] Companies involved in the cloud computing sector include Citrix, EMC2, Dropbox, Salesforce and Zendesk.[33]

Financial[edit]

In 2017 and 2018 respectively, Dublin was ranked 5th in Europe and 31st globally in the Global Financial Centres Index (GFCI).[34][35] Many of the jobs in Dublin's financial services sector are based at the International Financial Services Centre in the Dublin Docklands area.[36] Also located in Dublin is the Irish Stock Exchange (ISEQ).

Retail[edit]

Ireland's largest retail and shopping centres are located in the Dublin area, including Dundrum Town Centre (140,000 square metres, 160 stores) and Blanchardstown Centre (120,000 square metres, 180 stores).[37][38] Within the city centre, the "prime retail streets" include Henry Street and Grafton Street.[39] A 2013 report, for Ibec and Retail Ireland, indicated that Dublin was the "main national hub of retail activity", accounting for 25% of the country's retail entities, and approximately 50% of national employment in the sector.[40]

Tourism[edit]

Several of Ireland's most visited tourist attractions are in the Dublin area, including the Guinness Storehouse (nearly 1.5 million visitors in 2015), Dublin Zoo (1.1m visitors in 2015), and the National Gallery of Ireland (in excess of 700,000 visitors).[41][42] As of 2013, the tourism sector was reputedly worth approximately of €1.4 billion to the economy of Dublin.[43][44]

Higher education[edit]

Higher education institutions contributed €10.6 billion to the national economy in 2011.[45] This included nearly €1 billion from international students,[46] where 57% of these international students are based in the Dublin region.[47] As a university city, several of the largest universities and colleges are located in the capital, including the largest (University College Dublin - UCD), and one of the oldest (Trinity College Dublin).[48] A 2014 study indicated that the three universities in Dublin (Dublin City University, Trinity College, and UCD) were among the top institutions for economic impact nationally.[49]

The National Library of Ireland is located in Dublin,[50] and holds the most comprehensive and complete collection of Irish historical texts, documents, photographs and prints in the world.[51] The library curates an extensive online catalogue that is free to use worldwide,[52] and allows digital access to a newspaper catalogue, manuscripts and collections, photographs and digitized items.[53]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "These are the four richest counties in Ireland ·". Thejournal.ie. 2017-03-22. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
  2. ^ "Richest Cities in the world". Citymayors.com. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
  3. ^ ""Dublin's Role in the Irish and Global Economy, 2012" (Dublin's Role)" (PDF). Ucd.ie. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  4. ^ "Dublin ranks high on rich city list". Independent.ie. 20 January 2012.
  5. ^ "Dublin falls in city-cost rankings". Irish Times. 12 July 2011. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  6. ^ "Cost of Living in Ireland". Globe Media Ltd. 30 September 2015. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  7. ^ Nick Bramhill (2017-11-15). "Dublin ranked as one of world's most expensive cities". Irishtimes.com. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
  8. ^ "Which Are The Richest Cities In Europe?". WorldAtlas.com. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
  9. ^ "Eurostat - Data Explorer". Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
  10. ^ "County Incomes and Regional GDP 2014 - CSO - Central Statistics Office". Cso.ie.
  11. ^ Eoin Burke-Kennedy (2018-01-24). "Dublin-centric development 'unsustainable', warns ESRI". Irishtimes.com. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
  12. ^ Fiona Reddan (2017-12-16). "Are spiralling Dublin rents choking its economic growth?". Irishtimes.com. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
  13. ^ "Civil service parking ban in city urged". Irish Times. 16 June 2008. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
  14. ^ "Irish Port Companies | IMDO - Irish Maritime Development Office". www.imdo.ie. Retrieved 2018-11-08.
  15. ^ "About Dublin Port". dublinport.ie. Dublin Port. Retrieved 28 October 2018. Dublin Port is the largest freight and passenger port in Ireland
  16. ^ "Statistics of Port Traffic 2016 - CSO - Central Statistics Office". Retrieved 2018-11-08.
  17. ^ "Trade Statistics - Dublin Port". Dublin Port. Retrieved 2018-11-08.
  18. ^ "TEN-T DUBLIN PORT" (PDF). ec.europa.eu/transport. Retrieved 08/11/2018. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  19. ^ "Innovation and Networks Executive Agency - European Commission". Innovation and Networks Executive Agency. Retrieved 2018-11-08.
  20. ^ "About Us - Dublin Port". Dublin Port. Retrieved 2018-11-08.
  21. ^ "Vist Dublin". visitdublin.com. 08/11/2018. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  22. ^ "Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin". www.dublintourist.com. Retrieved 2018-11-08.
  23. ^ "Chief Executive's Review". Annual Report 2016, daa plc (PDF) (Report). DAA (Dublin Airport Authority). 2016. p. 28.
  24. ^ "Aer Arann Contact Information". Aerarann.com. Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
  25. ^ "Transport in Dublin, Get Around Easily with". Dublin.ie. Retrieved 2016-06-19.
  26. ^ "Passenger Journeys by Rail by Type of Journey and Year - StatBank - data and statistics". Cso.ie. Retrieved 2016-06-19.
  27. ^ "Luas - Frequently Asked Questions". Luas.ie. 16 April 2012. Archived from the original on 3 January 2012. Retrieved 19 June 2016.
  28. ^ "Luas - Frequently Asked Questions". Luas.ie. 16 April 2012. Archived from the original on 3 January 2012. Retrieved 19 June 2016.
  29. ^ "Dublin Chamber of Commerce - Summary" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
  30. ^ "Google to spend €150m expanding Dublin data centre". Irish Times. 8 May 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018. There are currently 46 active data centres in total in the Republic, with the largest cluster based in and around Dublin
  31. ^ "Data centre investment in Ireland to near €9bn by 2021". Irish Times. 10 April 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
  32. ^ "Investment in Irish data centres to surpass the €1bn milestone this year". Siliconrepublic.com. 11 April 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
  33. ^ "Cloud Computing & FDI Opportunities with IDA Ireland". Idaireland.com. Retrieved 2016-06-19.
  34. ^ "Dublin is ranked fifth in EU for financial services". Independent.ie. 30 March 2017. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
  35. ^ "Dublin slips to 31st in global financial centre rankings". Irish Times. 26 March 2018. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
  36. ^ "Employment at Dublin's IFSC increases 6.7% to 35,698". Irish Times. 4 April 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2018.
  37. ^ "Ireland's largest shopping centre has just been sold as part of biggest Nama deal ever". The Journal. 29 September 2015.
  38. ^ "Hammerson pays £1bn for Ireland's largest shopping centre". The Guardian. 8 July 2016.
  39. ^ "Dublin retail market review 2016". Irish Times. 15 February 2017.
  40. ^ "Strategy for Retail 2014-2016" (PDF). Retail Ireland. 2013.
  41. ^ "Report - Visitors to Top Free Visitor Attractions 2015" (PDF). Failte Ireland. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  42. ^ "Report - Visitors to Top Fee-Charging Visitor Attractions 2015" (PDF). Failte Ireland. 26 June 2017.
  43. ^ "Economic Profile of Dublin - Dublin Facts & Figures". Dublin Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved 26 June 2017. Dublin attracted 3.9 million overseas visitors in 2013, generating €1.4 billion in revenue
  44. ^ "Tourism Now Worth Over €1bn To Dublin Economy". Business World. 5 August 2015.
  45. ^ "Irish higher education sector contributed €10.6 billion to the economy". TCD.ie. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  46. ^ "International third-level students worth €900m to economy". Irish Examiner. 28 December 2012.
  47. ^ "Economic Profile of Dublin". Dublin Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  48. ^ "Higher education in Ireland: for economy and society?" (PDF). Oireachtas.ie. 2014. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  49. ^ "Irish Higher Education Sector Is a Major Contributor to Economy". TCD.ie. 28 October 2014. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
  50. ^ nli. "How to Find Us". www.nli.ie. Retrieved 2018-11-08.
  51. ^ nli. "Introduction". www.nli.ie. Retrieved 2018-11-08.
  52. ^ nli. "Introduction". www.nli.ie. Retrieved 2018-11-08.
  53. ^ "Catalogue - National Library of Ireland". catalogue.nli.ie. Retrieved 2018-11-08.
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