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Barbara Stanwyck on stage, screen, radio and television

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Barbara Stanwyck (1950)

Barbara Stanwyck (born Ruby Catherine Stevens, 1907–1990) was a prolific American actress and dancer who appeared in a total of 95 theatrically released full-length motion pictures.[1][2] Orphaned before she was old enough to attend school, she became fascinated by the burgeoning film industry, and actress Pearl White in particular, whom she would mimic on the playgrounds. "Pearl White was my goddess, and her courage, her grace, and her triumphs lifted me out of this world."[3]

She began her show business career as a teenage chorus girl in speakeasy nightclubs where the liquor prohibition laws were ignored, and the clientele were often mafia gangsters. At age of 15,[4] she danced in the El Fey Nightclub in Manhattan, operated by Texas Guinan, whose establishments showcased aspiring talent such as dancers George Raft and Ruby Keeler.[5] Biographer Dan Callahan opined that the same tough fortitude it took for a teenager to survive those experiences, was played out in the on-screen persona of her interpretation of determined and often hard-edged women.[6]

By age of 16, she was performing in the more mainstream-acceptable Ziegfeld Follies.[6] It was during this period that she became acquainted with playwright Willard Mack, who gave her a role in his stage production The Noose, and re-named her after actress Jane Stanwyck. During her run in the play Burlesque, her first leading role, she also appeared in advertisements for personal exercise equipment.[7]

Stanwyck got an uncredited bit part in the silent lost film Broadway Nights (1927).[6] Studio executive Joseph M. Schenck subsequently signed her for The Locked Door (1929) with Rod La Rocque. Afterwards, she had a role in Mexicali Rose (1929) for Columbia Pictures.[8] Stanwyck got her major break when director Frank Capra chose her for the lead role in his romantic drama Ladies of Leisure (1930).[9] She would go on to make four more films with Capra: The Miracle Woman (1931), Forbidden (1932), The Bitter Tea of General Yen (1933), and Meet John Doe (1941).[10] She also did five films with director William A. Wellman: Night Nurse (1931), The Purchase Price (1932), So Big! (1932), The Great Man's Lady (1942), and Lady of Burlesque (1943).[11] She starred in the 1947 film, "The Two Mrs. Carrolls", with Humphrey Bogart (directed by Peter Godfrey). Stanwyck was nominated four times for the Academy Award for Best Actress, but never won. In 1982, she was given an honorary Academy Award.[12]

On August 3, 1936, Stanwyck made the first of her 16 appearances on LUX Radio Theatre, hosted by director-producer Cecil B. DeMille. Her final performance with the radio series was in 1943.[13] She had a decades-long social relationship with actress and comedian Mary Livingstone and her husband Jack Benny, appearing on his radio show numerous times, and making her television debut on his show.[14] In the 1950s, Stanwyck began to branch out into television. She received the 1961 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Drama Series for The Barbara Stanwyck Show anthology series.[15] She was nominated for the same award three more times – 1966, 1967, and 1968 – for her series The Big Valley, winning it for that series in 1966.[16]

Stanwyck received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on February 8, 1960.[17]

Stage

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Stanwyck as a Ziegfeld girl, c. 1924
Broadway stage credits
Title Date Role Notes Ref(s)
Keep Kool May 22 – Sept 27, 1924 Billed as Ruby Stevens 148 performances [18]
The Noose Oct 20, 1926 – Apr 1927 First billing as Barbara Stanwyck 197 performances [19]
Burlesque Sept 1 1927 – July 14 1928 Bonny 372 performances,
adapted into the movie The Dance of Life 		[20]
Tattle Tales June 1-24, 1933 Herself and Kay Arnold 28 performances [21]

Screen

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Stanwyck on the cover of the September 1931 Photoplay magazine
Stanwyck in Stella Dallas (1937)
Barbara Stanwyck in Ball of Fire (1941)
Lobby poster of Fred MacMurray, Stanwyck, and Edward G. Robinson in Double Indemnity (1944)
James Mason, Ava Gardner, and Stanwyck in East Side, West Side advertisement in Modern Screen magazine (1949)
Screen credits
Title Year Role Notes Ref(s)
Broadway Nights 1927 Fan dancer (uncredited) Robert Kane Productions
Film debut and only silent film; a lost film 		[22][23]
The Locked Door 1929 Ann Carter Feature Productions, Inc. [24]
Mexicali Rose 1929 Mexicali Rose Columbia Pictures
Her first starring role 		[25]
Ladies of Leisure 1930 Kay Arnold Columbia Pictures
First film with Frank Capra 		[26]
Illicit 1931 Anne Vincent Ives Warner Bros. [27]
Ten Cents a Dance 1931 Barbara O'Neill Columbia Pictures [28]
The Stolen Jools 1931 Herself National Variety Artists
Preserved at the UCLA Film & Television Archive 		[29]
Night Nurse 1931 Lora Hart Warner Bros.
First film with William Wellman 		[30]
The Miracle Woman 1931 Florence "Faith" Fallon Columbia Pictures [31]
Forbidden 1932 Lulu Smith Columbia Pictures [32]
Shopworn 1932 Kitty Lane Columbia Pictures [33]
So Big! 1932 Selina Peake De Jong Warner Bros. [34]
The Purchase Price 1932 Joan Gordon,
aka Francine La Rue 		Warner Bros. [35]
The Bitter Tea of General Yen 1933 Megan Davis Columbia Pictures [36]
Ladies They Talk About 1933 Nan Taylor, Alias of Nan Ellis,
aka Mrs. Andrews 		Warner Bros. [37]
Baby Face 1933 Lily Powers Warner Bros. [38]
Ever in My Heart 1933 Mary Archer Wilbrandt Warner Bros. [39]
Gambling Lady 1934 Jennifer, Lady Lee Warner Bros. [40]
A Lost Lady 1934 Marian Ormsby Forrester Warner Bros. [41]
The Secret Bride 1934 Ruth Vincent Warner Bros. [42]
The Woman in Red 1935 Shelby Barret Wyatt Warner Bros. [43]
Red Salute 1935 Drue Van Allen Reliance Pictures/United Artists [44]
Annie Oakley 1935 Annie Oakley RKO Pictures

[45]

A Message to Garcia 1936 Raphaelita Maderos 20th Century Fox [46]
The Bride Walks Out 1936 Carolyn Martin RKO Pictures [47]
His Brother's Wife 1936 Rita Wilson Claybourne Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) [48]
Banjo on My Knee 1936 Pearl Elliott Holley 20th Century Fox [49]
The Plough and the Stars 1936 Nora Clitheroe RKO Pictures [49]
Internes Can't Take Money 1937 Janet Haley Paramount [50]
This Is My Affair 1937 Lil Duryea 20th Century Fox [50]
Stella Dallas 1937 Stella Martin "Stell" Dallas Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actress
Samuel Goldwyn/United Artists 		[51]
Breakfast for Two 1937 Valentine "Val" Ransome RKO Pictures [49]
Always Goodbye 1937 Margot Weston 20th Century Fox [50]
The Mad Miss Manton 1938 Melsa Manton RKO Pictures [50]
Union Pacific 1939 Mollie Monahan Paramount [50]
Golden Boy 1939 Lorna Moon Columbia Pictures [52]
Remember the Night 1940 Lee Leander Paramount [52]
The Lady Eve 1941 Jean Harrington Paramount [52]
Meet John Doe 1941 Ann Mitchell Warner Bros. [52]
You Belong to Me 1941 Dr. Helen Hunt Columbia Pictures [52]
Ball of Fire 1941 Katherine "Sugarpuss" O'Shea Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actress
Samuel Goldwyn/RKO Pictures 		[53]
The Great Man's Lady 1942 Hannah Sempler Paramount [54]
The Gay Sisters 1942 Fiona Gaylord Warner Bros. [54]
Lady of Burlesque 1943 Deborah Hoople,
aka Dixie Daisy 		Hunt Stromberg/United Artists [55]
Flesh and Fantasy 1943 Joan Stanley Universal [56]
Double Indemnity 1944 Phyllis Dietrichson Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actress
Paramount 		[54][57]
Hollywood Canteen 1944 Herself Warner Bros. [54][58]
Christmas in Connecticut 1945 Elizabeth Lane Warner Bros. [54][59]
Hollywood Victory Caravan 1945 Herself Paramount
United States Department of the Treasury 		[60]
My Reputation 1946 Jessica Drummond Warner Bros.
Filmed in 1944 		[61]
The Bride Wore Boots 1946 Sally Warren Paramount
Her last feature comedy 		[62]
The Strange Love of Martha Ivers 1946 Martha Ivers Paramount [62]
California 1947 Lily Bishop Paramount
Her first color film 		[63]
The Two Mrs. Carrolls 1947 Sally Morton Carroll Warner Bros. [62]
The Other Love 1947 Karen Duncan Enterprise Productions/United Artists [62]
Cry Wolf 1947 Sandra Marshall Warner Bros. [62]
Variety Girl 1947 Herself Paramount [63]
B.F.'s Daughter 1948 Pauline "Polly" Fulton Brett MGM [64]
Sorry, Wrong Number 1948 Leona Stevenson Nominated – Academy Award for Best Actress
Hal Wallis Productions/Paramount 		[65]
The Lady Gambles 1949 Joan Boothe Universal [64]
East Side, West Side 1949 Jessie Bourne MGM [66]
The File on Thelma Jordon 1950 Thelma Jordon Paramount [67]
No Man of Her Own 1950 Helen Ferguson / Patrice Harkness Paramount [67]
The Furies 1950 Vance Jeffords Paramount [67]
To Please a Lady 1950 Regina Forbes MGM [67]
The Man with a Cloak 1951 Lorna Bounty MGM [68]
Clash by Night 1952 Mae Doyle D'Amato RKO Pictures [68]
Jeopardy 1953 Helen Stilwin MGM [68]
Titanic 1953 Julia Sturges 20th Century Fox [68]
All I Desire 1953 Naomi Murdoch Universal [69]
Blowing Wild 1953 Marina Conway Warner Bros. [69]
The Moonlighter 1953 Rela Warner Bros.
Filmed in 3D 		[69]
Witness to Murder 1954 Cheryl Draper Chester Erskine/United Artists [70]
Executive Suite 1954 Julia O. Tredway MGM [69]
Cattle Queen of Montana 1954 Sierra Nevada Jones Filmcrest Productions/RKO Pictures [70]
The Violent Men 1955 Martha Wilkison Columbia Pictures [70]
Escape to Burma 1955 Gwen Moore Filmcrest Productions/RKO Pictures [70]
There's Always Tomorrow 1956 Norma Miller Vale Universal [71]
The Maverick Queen 1956 Kit Banion Republic [71]
These Wilder Years 1956 Ann Dempster MGM [71]
Crime of Passion 1957 Kathy Ferguson Doyle Robert Goldstein Productions/United Artists [71]
Trooper Hook 1957 Cora Sutliff Filmaster Productions/United Artists [72]
Forty Guns 1957 Jessica Drummond 20th Century Fox [73]
Walk on the Wild Side 1962 Jo Courtney Columbia Pictures [74]
Roustabout 1964 Maggie Morgan Hal Wallis Productions/Paramount [75]
The Night Walker 1964 Irene Trent William Castle/Universal [76]

Academy Awards

[edit]

Stanwyck was nominated for the Best Actress Academy Award four times. She never won, but received an honorary award in 1982, "for superlative creativity and unique contribution to the art of screen acting".[12][77]

Of course I was disappointed those times I was nominated before and lost. Anyone who says they're not is lying. I'd like to do more as an actress, and better. It might be in a wheelchair, but what the hell.

— Barbara Stanwyck, backstage after receiving an honorary Academy Award Oscar on March 29, 1982, [78]
Stanwyck's nominations, and the winner for each year in bold face text against a yellow background:
1937[79] 1941[80] 1944[81] 1948[82]
Actress Film Actress Film Actress Film Actress Film
Irene Dunne The Awful Truth Bette Davis The Little Foxes Ingrid Bergman Gaslight Ingrid Bergman Joan of Arc
Greta Garbo Camille Joan Fontaine Suspicion Claudette Colbert Since You Went Away Irene Dunne I Remember Mama
Janet Gaynor A Star Is Born Greer Garson Blossoms in the Dust Bette Davis Mr. Skeffington Olivia de Havilland The Snake Pit
Luise Rainer The Good Earth Olivia de Havilland Hold Back the Dawn Greer Garson Mrs. Parkington Barbara Stanwyck Sorry, Wrong Number
Barbara Stanwyck Stella Dallas Barbara Stanwyck Ball of Fire Barbara Stanwyck Double Indemnity Jane Wyman Johnny Belinda

Radio

[edit]

Lux Radio Theatre

[edit]

Stanwyck made 16 appearances on LUX Radio Theatre hosted by Cecil B. DeMille, from August 3, 1936 through 1943. She appeared in the following episodes:[13]

  • "Main Street"
  • "Stella Dallas"
  • "These Three"
  • "Dark Victory"
  • "Morning Glory"
  • "So Big"
  • "Wuthering Heights"
  • "Only Yesterday"
  • "Remember The Night"
  • "Smilin' Through"
  • "The Lady Eve"
  • "Penny Serenade"
  • "Ball of Fire"
  • "This Above All"
  • "The Gay Sisters"
  • "The Great Man's Lady"

Jack Benny's radio and television programs

[edit]

Stanwyck and her husband Robert Taylor were part of the inner social circle of Mary Livingstone and Jack Benny. She often appeared on Benny's radio program, sometimes in a parody of her own movies, and made her television debut on The Jack Benny Program weekly television show in 1952.[14] The following is a sample listing of episodes in which she appeared with Benny.

Radio

[edit]
  • "Golden Boy" (January 7, 1940)[83]
  • "Dennis Wants a Raise" (November 28, 1943)[84]
  • "Dennis Dreams He Has a Radio Program" (March 19, 1944)[85]
  • "Jack Takes Two Cadets to Barbara Stanwyck's House" (October 1, 1942)[86]
  • "Sorry, Wrong Number" (October 17, 1948)[87]
  • "Dennis Dreams He's a Star" (April 10, 1949)[88]

TV

[edit]
  • Episode – "Gas Light" – January 27, 1952; episode repeated January 11, 1959[89]

Television

[edit]
David Janssen and Stanwyck from Zane Grey Theatre (1958)
Stanwyck with Walter Brennan from The Real McCoys (1959)
Stanwyck publicity photo from The Big Valley (1968)
Television credits of Barbara Stanwyck
Title Year/date Role Notes Ref(s)
The Jack Benny Program 1952 Paula Alquist "Gaslight" [90]
The Christophers 1952 Guest Hostess "Sentence Deferred" and "Two Worlds of Ann Foster" [91]
The Loretta Young Show 1955 Guest Hostess "My Uncle O'Moore" and "The Waiting Game" [92]
Ford Theatre 1956 Irene Frazier "Sudden Silence" [92]
Goodyear Theatre 1958 Midge Varney "Three Dark Years" [93]
Zane Grey Theatre 1958–1959 Various characters "The Freighter", "Trail to Nowhere", "Hang the Heart High" and "The Lone Woman" [94]
The Real McCoys 1959 Herself "The McCoys Visit Hollywood" [95]
The Barbara Stanwyck Show 1960–1961 Hostess, various characters Lead role (36 episodes)
1961 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Drama Series 		[15]
Wagon Train 1961 Maud Frazer "The Maud Frazer Story" [96]
General Electric Theater 1961 Lili Parrish "Star Witness: The Lili Parrish Story" [97]
The Joey Bishop Show 1961 Dora "A Windfall for Mom" [98]
Wagon Train 1962 Caroline Casteel "The Caroline Casteel Story" [96]
The Dick Powell Show 1962 Irene Phillips "Special Assignment" [99]
Rawhide 1962 Nora Holloway "The Captain's Wife" [96]
The Untouchables 1962–1963 Lt. Agatha "Aggie" Stewart "Elegy" and "Search for a Dead Man" [96]
Wagon Train 1963–1964 Kate Crawley "The Molly Kincaid Story" and "The Kate Crawley Story" [100]
Calhoun: County Agent 1964 Abby Rayner Unaired pilot [100]
The Big Valley 1965–1969 Victoria Barkley Lead role (112 episodes)
1966 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Drama Series
Nominated – 1967 and 1968 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Drama Series 		[16]
The House That Would Not Die 1970 Ruth Bennett Television film [101]
A Taste of Evil 1971 Miriam Jennings Television film [101]
The Letters 1973 Geraldine Parkington Television film [101]
Charlie's Angels 1980 Antonia "Toni" Blake "Toni's Boys" served as a backdoor pilot, but was not picked up by the network. [102]
The Thorn Birds 1983 Mary Carson Television miniseries
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie 		[103]
Dynasty 1985 Constance Colby Patterson "The Californians", "The Man", "The Titans: Part 1" and "The Titans: Part 2" [104]
The Colbys 1985–1986 Constance Colby Patterson Main cast (24 episodes) [104]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Barbara Stanwyck Filmography". American Film Institute. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
  2. ^ Wilson 2013, pp. 869–87.
  3. ^ Madsen 1994, pp. 2, 12.
  4. ^ Callahan 2012, p. 8.
  5. ^ Corcoran, Michael (May 1988). "Texas Guinan". Texas Monthly. Emmis Communications: 112.
  6. ^ a b c Callahan 2012, pp. 8–9.
  7. ^ Madsen 1994, p. 31.
  8. ^ Callahan 2012, pp. 8–9, 15.
  9. ^ Callahan 2012, pp. 16–20.
  10. ^ Callahan 2012, pp. 223–225, 229.
  11. ^ Callahan 2012, pp. 224–225, 230.
  12. ^ a b Madsen 1994, pp. 350–351.
  13. ^ a b Smith 1974, p. 83.
  14. ^ a b Madsen 1994, p. 259.
  15. ^ a b Smith 1974, pp. 68, 185, 271–280, 293.
  16. ^ a b Smith 1974, pp. 293–304.
  17. ^ "Barbara Stanwyck". Hollywood Walk of Fame. 25 October 2019. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  18. ^ "Keep Kool". IBDB. Archived from the original on 2020-04-01. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  19. ^ "The Noose". IBDB. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  20. ^ "Burlesque". IBDB. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  21. ^ "Tattle Tales". IBDB. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  22. ^ "Broadway Nights". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  23. ^ Callahan 2012, p. 11.
  24. ^ Callahan 2012, pp. 5, 12–15, 17.
  25. ^ "Mexicali Rose". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  26. ^ "Ladies of Leisure". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  27. ^ "Illicit". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  28. ^ "Ten Cents a Dance]". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  29. ^ "The Stolen Jools". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  30. ^ "Night Nurse". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  31. ^ "The Miracle Woman]". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  32. ^ "Forbidden]". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  33. ^ "Shopworn]". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  34. ^ "So Big". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  35. ^ "The Purchase Price". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  36. ^ "The Bitter Tea of General Yen". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  37. ^ "Ladies They Talk About". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  38. ^ "Baby Face". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  39. ^ "Ever in My Heart". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  40. ^ "Gambling Lady". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  41. ^ "A Lost Lady". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  42. ^ "The Secret Bride". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  43. ^ "The Woman in Red". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  44. ^ "Red Salute". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  45. ^ "Annie Oakley". UCLA Film and Television Archive. 1935. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  46. ^ "A Message to Garcia". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  47. ^ "The Bride Walks Out]". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  48. ^ Callahan 2012, pp. 74, 227.
  49. ^ a b c Callahan 2012, p. 227.
  50. ^ a b c d e Callahan 2012, p. 228.
  51. ^ "Stella Dallas". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  52. ^ a b c d e Callahan 2012, p. 229.
  53. ^ Callahan 2012, pp. 135, 229.
  54. ^ a b c d e Callahan 2012, p. 230.
  55. ^ Madsen 1994, p. 405.
  56. ^ Madsen 1994, p. 406.
  57. ^ "Double Indemnity". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  58. ^ "Double Indemnity". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  59. ^ "Christmas in Connecticut". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  60. ^ "Hitting the Road with the Hollywood Victory Caravan". The National WWII Museum | New Orleans. 11 January 2018. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  61. ^ Madsen 1994, pp. 406–407.
  62. ^ a b c d e Madsen 1994, p. 407.
  63. ^ a b Madsen 1994, pp. 407–408.
  64. ^ a b Madsen 1994, p. 409.
  65. ^ "Sorry, Wrong Number". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  66. ^ Madsen 1994, pp. 409–410.
  67. ^ a b c d Madsen 1994, p. 410.
  68. ^ a b c d Madsen 1994, p. 411.
  69. ^ a b c d Madsen 1994, p. 412.
  70. ^ a b c d Madsen 1994, p. 413.
  71. ^ a b c d Madsen 1994, p. 414.
  72. ^ "Trooper Hook". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved December 7, 2020.
  73. ^ Madsen 1994, p. 415.
  74. ^ "Walk on the Wild Side". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  75. ^ "Roustabout". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  76. ^ "Night Walker". catalog.afi.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  77. ^ "Academy Awards Acceptance Speeches". aaspeechesdb.oscars.org. Retrieved September 14, 2020.
  78. ^ Madsen 1994, p. 351.
  79. ^ Smith 1974, p. 110.
  80. ^ Smith 1974, p. 147.
  81. ^ Smith 1974, p. 177.
  82. ^ Smith 1974, p. 212.
  83. ^ "The Jack Benny Program: Episode – Golden Boy". UCLA Film and Television Archive. January 7, 1940. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  84. ^ "The Jack Benny Program: Episode – Dennis Wants a Raise". UCLA Film and Television Archive. November 28, 1943. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  85. ^ "The Jack Benny Program: Episode – Dennis Dreams He Has a Radio Program/Dennis Dreams About Barbara Stanwyck". UCLA Film and Television Archive. January 7, 1940. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  86. ^ "The Jack Benny Program: Episode – Jack Takes Two Cadets to Barbara Stanwyck's House". UCLA Film and Television Archive. October 11, 1942. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  87. ^ "The Jack Benny Program: Episode – Sorry, Wrong Number". UCLA Film and Television Archive. October 17, 1948. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  88. ^ "The Jack Benny Program: Episode – Dennis Dreams He's a Star". UCLA Film and Television Archive. April 10, 1949. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  89. ^ "The Jack Benny Program: Episode – Gas Light". UCLA Film and Television Archive. January 27, 1952. Retrieved November 8, 2020.;"The Jack Benny Program: Episode – Gas Light". UCLA Film and Television Archive. January 11, 1959. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  90. ^ "The Jack Benny Program: Episode – Gas Light". UCLA Film and Television Archive. January 27, 1952. Retrieved November 8, 2020. Episode:Gas Light
  91. ^ "Christophers. Two Worlds of Ann Foster". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.; "Christophers. Sentence Deferred". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  92. ^ a b Smith 1974, p. 271.
  93. ^ Madsen 1994, p. 320.
  94. ^ Madsen 1994, pp. 297, 319–320.
  95. ^ "The Real McCoys: The McCoys Visit Hollywood". TV.com. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  96. ^ a b c d Smith 1974, p. 287.
  97. ^ Madsen 1994, p. 306.
  98. ^ "CTVA US Comedy – "The Joey Bishop Show" (Danny Thomas/NBC) Season 1 (1961–62)". ctva.biz. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  99. ^ "Dick Powell Theatre – Classic TV Shows". Rare Classic Movies and TV Shows. Thomas Film Classics. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  100. ^ a b Wilson 2013, p. 903.
  101. ^ a b c Smith 1974, p. 333.
  102. ^ "Charlie's Angels". UCLA Film and Television Archive. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
  103. ^ Madsen 1994, pp. 351–353, 361.
  104. ^ a b Madsen 1994, pp. 357–359, 361.

Bibliography

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