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'''''Jonny Quest''''' (sometimes referred to as '''''The Adventures of Jonny Quest''''') is a [[science fiction]]/[[adventure]] animated television series about a boy who accompanies his father on extraordinary adventures. It was produced by [[Hanna-Barbera|Hanna-Barbera Productions]], and created and designed by comic book artist [[Doug Wildey]]. Inspired by radio serials and comics in the action-adventure genre, it featured more realistic art, characters, and stories than Hanna-Barbera's previous "[[cartoon]]" programs. It was the first of several Hanna-Barbera action-based adventure shows, which would later include ''[[Space Ghost (TV series)|Space Ghost]]'', ''[[The Herculoids]]'', and ''[[Birdman and the Galaxy Trio]]'', and ran on [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] in [[prime time]] for one season in 1964–1965. After spending two decades in reruns, new episodes were produced for syndication in 1986. Two [[telefilm]]s, a comic book series, and a more modern revival series (''[[The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest]]'') were produced. A live-action feature film is reportedly in development.
'''''The Adventures of Jonny Quest''''' (rebranded in syndication as simply '''''Jonny Quest''''')<ref name="Quest3"/> is a [[science fiction]]/[[adventure]] animated television series about a boy who accompanies his father on extraordinary adventures. It was produced by [[Hanna-Barbera|Hanna-Barbera Productions]], and created and designed by comic book artist [[Doug Wildey]]. Inspired by radio serials and comics in the action-adventure genre, it featured more realistic art, characters, and stories than Hanna-Barbera's previous "[[cartoon]]" programs. It was the first of several Hanna-Barbera action-based adventure shows, which would later include ''[[Space Ghost (TV series)|Space Ghost]]'', ''[[The Herculoids]]'', and ''[[Birdman and the Galaxy Trio]]'', and ran on [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] in [[prime time]] for one season in 1964–1965. After spending two decades in reruns, new episodes were produced for syndication in 1986. Two [[telefilm]]s, a comic book series, and a more modern revival series (''[[The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest]]'') were produced. A live-action feature film is reportedly in development.


==Original 1964–1965 show==
==Original 1964–1965 show==

Revision as of 20:57, 26 July 2009

Jonny Quest
Original Jonny Quest title card from 1964
Created byDoug Wildey, Joseph Barbera, and William Hanna
Starring1964-1965:
Tim Matheson as Jonny Quest
Mike Road as "Race" Bannon
Danny Bravo as Hadji
John Stephenson as Dr. Quest (five episodes)
Don Messick as Dr. Quest and Bandit

1986-1987:
Scott Menville as Jonny Quest
Granville Van Dusen as "Race" Bannon
Rob Paulsen as Hadji
Don Messick as Dr. Quest and Bandit
Theme music composerHoyt Curtin
Country of origin United States
No. of episodes26 (1964-1965); 13 (1986-1987)
Production
Running time1964-1965–25 mins., 1986-1987–22 mins.
Original release
NetworkABC (1964-1965); Syndication (1986-1987)
ReleaseSeptember 18, 1964 –
March 11, 1965

The Adventures of Jonny Quest (rebranded in syndication as simply Jonny Quest)[1] is a science fiction/adventure animated television series about a boy who accompanies his father on extraordinary adventures. It was produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions, and created and designed by comic book artist Doug Wildey. Inspired by radio serials and comics in the action-adventure genre, it featured more realistic art, characters, and stories than Hanna-Barbera's previous "cartoon" programs. It was the first of several Hanna-Barbera action-based adventure shows, which would later include Space Ghost, The Herculoids, and Birdman and the Galaxy Trio, and ran on ABC in prime time for one season in 1964–1965. After spending two decades in reruns, new episodes were produced for syndication in 1986. Two telefilms, a comic book series, and a more modern revival series (The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest) were produced. A live-action feature film is reportedly in development.

Original 1964–1965 show

Inspiration

The James Bond film Dr. No inspired Joseph Barbera to develop an action-adventure program.[citation needed] Hanna-Barbera had originally intended to produce an animated adaptation of the radio serial Jack Armstrong. Hiring noted comic book artist Doug Wildey, the company began negotiations with Jack Armstrong's copyright owners, and produced a short (approximately two-minute) Jack Armstrong test animation sequence in 1962. Negotiations fell through, and the Jack Armstrong project was retooled into Jonny Quest. Although they do not appear in any episode, scenes from the Jack Armstrong test film were incorporated into the Jonny Quest closing credits montage: they are the scenes of the red-haired boy and his father escaping from the African natives using a hovercraft. The test sequence and a number of drawings and storyboards by Doug Wildey were used to sell the series to ABC and sponsors.[citation needed]

Scenes from the abandoned Jack Armstrong test film.

Working titles for the series included The Saga of Chip Baloo (the protagonist's original name) and Quest File 037, finally settling on Jonny Quest.[1] The name Quest was selected from a phone book, for its adventurous implications.[2] The character of Jonny Quest was inspired in part by roles played by young Jackie Cooper.[1] The series drew elements from other prior works, including Milton Caniff's adventure comic strip Terry and the Pirates (also a popular radio show), about a boy's international adventures.[1][3] Another similar character was Rick Brant, teen star of a boy's adventure series published by Grosset & Dunlap from the 1940s to the 1960s, featuring a likable teen hero, his science-researcher father, a tiny island installation, mystery stories oriented around science and technology, and such regular characters as a secret agent and Chadha, a friend from Calcutta.

The animated James Bond-like action series focused on the adventures of Dr. Benton Quest, a government scientist tracking down strange occurrences; his 11-year-old son Jonny; brawny jet pilot "Race" Bannon; Jonny’s turbaned foster-brother Hadji; and the cute, black-masked bulldog puppy Bandit, a more cartoonish character included for comic relief.[2] Dr. Quest did not go looking for adventures, instead adventures always found him. This "serious" show, a departure from the usual Saturday morning cartoon fare, made for entertaining animated sci-fi.[4]

Characters

The Quest team. Front row (left to right): Dr. Benton Quest and "Race" Bannon. Back row: Jonny Quest, Hadji, and Bandit.
  • Jonny Quest is an eleven-year-old boy, the son of Dr. Benton Quest. Tim Matheson performed the voice for Jonny. In the sequel series The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest one episode reveals that Jonny's mother's name was Rachel.
  • Dr. Benton C. Quest is Jonny's father and "one of the three top scientists in the world", with scientific and technical know-how spanning many fields. Benton Quest was voiced by John Stephenson for five episodes, and by Don Messick for the remainder of the series (despite the two having very different-sounding voices).
  • Roger T. "Race" Bannon is a special agent / bodyguard / pilot from Intelligence One. Governmental fears that Jonny could "fall into the wrong hands" resulted in the assignment of Bannon to guard and tutor him.[5] Race was born in Wilmette, Illinois, to John and Sarah Bannon.[6] He is stated to be an expert in judo, having a third-degree black belt as well as the ability to defeat noted experts and even sumo wrestlers. Race Bannon was voiced by Mike Road. The character is modeled after actor Jeff Chandler.[7]
  • Hadji is Dr. Quest's adopted son, an eleven-year-old Hindu Indian boy. He was orphaned and living on the streets when he was taken in by the Quests. Hadji is seldom seen without his bejewelled turban and Nehru jacket. Hadji comes from Calcutta, India, being an orphan by some unexplained event; he is shown to have mystical talents, sometimes displays hypnotic or telekinetic powers using the incantation "Sim, sim, salabim",[citation needed] as well as other magic-tricks such as pickpocketing or vanishing; he is also highly skilled in judo, which he originally learned from an American Marine, and later received additional training from Race Bannon. Hadji is a "seventh son of a seventh son", which indicates a child-prodigy possessing unusual perception and intelligence.[citation needed] Danny Bravo was the voice for Hadji. In the sequel series The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest Hadji is revealed to be an Indian prince, and he is given the last name Singh.
  • Bandit is Jonny's pet bulldog, a small white dog with black masklike coloration around the eyes (hence the name "Bandit"). Bandit often provides comic relief but is occasionally instrumental in foiling the bad guys. Don Messick provided Bandit's vocal effects, which were combined with an archived clip of an actual dog barking.

It is established in the first episode that it was the death of Jonny's mother that inspired the government to assign Race as Jonny's bodyguard. The Quests have a compound in the Florida Keys (on the island of Palm Key), but their adventures take them all over the world. The Quest team travels the globe studying scientific mysteries, which get them into scrapes with foes that range from espionage robots and electrical monsters to Egyptian mummies and pterosaurs. Although most menaces appeared in only one episode each, one recurring nemesis is known as Dr. Zin, an Asian mastermind. The voices of Dr. Zin and other assorted characters were done by Vic Perrin. Race's mysterious old flame, Jade, appears twice. The 1993 made-for-TV feature Jonny's Golden Quest included in its plotline the concept that the two had been briefly married years earlier, but it also depicted Race and Hadji in place with the family at Mrs. Quest's death, in direct contradiction to explicit statements in the original series.

Animation technique

The series visual style was unusual for its time, combining a fairly realistic depiction of human figures and objects with fairly limited animation techniques (although not so limited as that of Hanna-Barbera's contemporaneous daytime cartoons). The series made heavy use of rich music scores, off-screen impacts with sound effects, reaction shots, cycling animations, cutaways, scene to scene dissolves, and abbreviated dialogue to move the story forward, without requiring extensive original animation of figures. For example, objects would often reverse direction off-screen, eliminating the need to show the turn,[8] or a running character would enter the frame sliding to a stop, allowing a single drawn figure to be used.[9]

Music

The percussion-heavy big band jazz theme music for the 1960s series and each episode's film score were all composed by Hoyt Curtin. In a 1999 interview, he stated that the jazz band for the series consisted of 4 trumpets, 6 trombones, 5 woodwind doublers, and a 5 man rhythm section.[10] Alvin Stohler or Frankie Capp usually played drums.[citation needed] While a string section comes in at moments of tension or using pizzicatos for comic relief, the score is primarily driven by a big brass sound. Curtain stated that the band took about an hour to record the main theme. It contained a trombone solo performed by jazz veteran Frank Rosolino, and a complex riff in which the trombone players were physically unable to keep up with the rapidly changing slide positions needed.[10] Cues in the series were generally recorded in one take, done by a regular group of union session players who could "read like demons".

For the later animated series, the music was adapted for orchestra and added major dramatic and intriguing tones.

Network run and Saturday morning rerun

Jonny Quest first aired on September 18, 1964 on the ABC network, in prime time, and was an almost instant success, both critically and ratings-wise. It was canceled after one season, not because of poor ratings, but because each episode of the show went over budget.[citation needed] Like the original Star Trek television series, this series would be a big money-maker in syndication but this avenue to profits was unknown when the show was canceled in 1965. Reruns of the show were broadcast on various networks’ Saturday morning lineups beginning in 1967.

Video releases

There were sporadic video cassette tape releases of episodes of the "classic" series, which was subsequently released to DVD as Jonny Quest: The Complete First Season on May 11, 2004. This contains some minor editing to remove dialog that might be viewed as culturally or racially insensitive.

Magic Ring

A simple substitution code ring was offered as a promotion by PF Flyers. The ring featured a movable code wheel, magnifying lens, signal flasher and a secret compartment. The code was implemented by a rotating circular inner code dial marked "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" and a fixed outer code marked "WEARPFSLQMYBUHXVCZNDKIOTGJ"

Controversies

In the 1970s, Jonny Quest became one of the main targets of parental watchdog groups such as Action for Children's Television (ACT). With its multiple on-screen deaths, murder attempts, use of firearms and deadly weapons (especially by children, notably Jonny), frequent use of racial stereotypes, and tense moments, Jonny Quest was decried as the epitome of what was wrong with Saturday morning cartoons[citation needed], regardless of the fact that it indeed was not an original Saturday morning cartoon. The reruns were taken off the air in 1972, but returned to Saturday morning, in edited form, sporadically afterwards, even though the removal of violent scenes often rendered the action incomprehensible[citation needed] (e.g. the heroes would be saved by a villain suddenly seeming to fall dead/unconscious for no apparent reason). Reruns also appeared on Cartoon Network in 1993, running sporadically until May 4, 2003. It currently runs every night on that service's spin-off, the Boomerang cable channel, in unedited form.

The New Adventures of Jonny Quest

Main article: The New Adventures of Jonny Quest

By the mid-1980s, the edited episodes of Jonny Quest (each episode was missing about five minutes of footage edited for time constraints and content) were part of the syndication package The Funtastic World of Hanna-Barbera. Thirteen episodes were produced in 1986 (although some sources state 1987) to accompany the originals (edited down to match the twenty-two minute running time of the new ones on top of the previously discussed censorship cuts) in the Funtastic World programming block. These episodes were referred to simply as Jonny Quest in their opening title sequence (the same ones seen on the original series since the censoring), and were noticeably less violent and more "kid-friendly" than the 1960s originals, and introduced the new regular character Hardrock, an ancient man made of stone. Hardrock did not return in any later versions of the program.

A feature length animated telefilm, Jonny's Golden Quest, was produced by Hanna-Barbera for USA Network in 1993, which again pitted the Quest team against Dr. Zin, who murders Jonny's mother in the film. Jonny’s Golden Quest also reused the storyline of the recent series' episode "Deadly Junket," wherein a little girl named Jessie Bradshaw, the daughter of a missing scientist, asked the Quest party to help find her father. Here she is revealed to be lying about her parentage at Dr. Zin's behest, and to Race's surprise is actually his and Jade's daughter. Jessie would appear as a character in all subsequent versions of the Jonny Quest property. A second telefilm, Jonny Quest vs. The Cyber Insects, was produced for TNT in 1995, and was promoted as being the final iteration of the "Classic Jonny Quest"[citation needed].

All three of these productions featured the voices of Don Messick and Granville Van Dusen as Dr. Quest and Race Bannon, respectively. Messick also reprised performing the "voice" of Bandit in the series, but the features had this done by Frank Welker.

The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest

File:Real-jq-video.jpg
The cover for a VHS collection of episodes from The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest.
Main article: The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest

The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest, premiered on all three major Turner Broadcasting System entertainment cable channels (Cartoon Network, TBS Superstation, and TNT), and met with mixed ratings and reviews. The characters were aged, with Jonny, Hadji, and Jessie becoming teenagers. Dr. Quest's compound has moved to a rocky island off the Maine coast.

Production on the series had been problem-laden since 1992, and when it was finally broadcast, it featured two different versions of its own Jonny Quest universe: the first batch of episodes (referred to as the "season one" episodes) gave the Quest team a futuristic look, while the second batch (referred to as "season two") harkened back to the original 1960s episodes. Several of the "season one" adventures in this series took place in a cyberspace realm known as "Questworld", depicted using 3-D computer animation. Both "seasons" aired during the 1996 – 1997 television season, and the show was canceled after 52 episodes (26 of each season). A live-action movie was planned to debut following the series premiere but never materialized.[11]

The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest returned in the late 1990s on Cartoon Network. It was part of the original Toonami rotation when the block launched on March 17, 1997 and aired consistently on Toonami until September 24, 1999. It then continued to air sporadically until December 14, 2002. The first 13 episodes of the first season were released to DVD on February 17, 2009.

Other media

Feature film

In the early 90s, Turner planned a "Year of Jonny Quest" marketing campaign to feature a new television series, the release of classic episodes on VHS, the creation of two new animated movies in classic continuity (Jonny's Golden Quest and Jonny Quest vs. The Cyber Insects), and the production of a live-action film.[12][13][14] Director Richard Donner, producer Lauren Shuler Donner, and Jane Rosenthal optioned the rights for the live action film, having expressed interest in the property soon after Turner's acquisition of Hanna-Barbera.[11][12][15] Slated to begin production in mid-1995, filming was pushed back to 1996 and ultimately never began.[15] By early 1996, the project had already fallen well-behind development of other films, such as a live-action Jetsons movie.[16]

On August 7, 2007, it was announced that Warner Bros. is developing a live-action film based on the series and characters. [17] Adrian Askarieh and Daniel Alter will produce and the script will be written by Dan Mazeau.[18] Zac Efron is confirmed to play Jonny for the project.[19] Dwayne Johnson has been rumored to be playing Race Bannon.[citation needed]

Comic books

A Jonny Quest comic book (a retelling of the first TV episode, "Mystery of the Lizard Men") was published by Gold Key Comics in 1964. Comico began publication of a Jonny Quest series in 1986, with the first issue featuring Doug Wildey's artwork. The series was written by William Messner-Loebs and ran for 31 issues, with 2 specials and 3 "classic" issues drawn by Wildey retelling Quest TV episodes ("Shadow of the Condor", "Calcutta Adventure", and "Werewolf of the Timberland"). Wildey drew several additional covers, as did Steve Rude and Dave Stevens. The series also spun-off a 3-issue series named Jezebel Jade — drawn by Adam Kubert — which told the story of Jade's relationship and adventures with Race Bannon.

Computer games

In 1991, Hi-Tec Software published Jonny Quest in Doctor Zin's Underworld, an officially licensed Jonny Quest platform game for the Sinclair ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC and Commodore 64 home computers.

Reception

In January 2009, IGN named Jonny Quest as the 77th best in its "Top 100 Animated TV Shows". [20]

Parodies and references

The characters and setting of Jonny Quest have frequently been the subject of brief parodies, especially in later animated programs. In addition, there have been several substantial references to the show:

  • The Venture Bros. features characters who are satirical analogues of the Jonny Quest cast: Dr. Thaddeus "Rusty" Venture, his bodyguard Brock Samson, and his sons Hank and Dean. Flashbacks reveal that Rusty is himself the son of a Benton Quest analog, now coasting on the fame of his late father. During the first season, the creators of the show realized that Cartoon Network owned Jonny Quest[citation needed] and began using the actual characters, including Jonny as a paranoid drug addict severely damaged by the constant harm his father put him in, Race Bannon as a OSI agent that Brock Sampson calls "one of the best" until his death, and Hadji as a hard-working competent engineer for Rusty's successful brother Jonas Jr.
  • Adult Swim's Harvey Birdman, Attorney at Law features the cast in several episodes. In "Bannon Custody Battle", Bannon and Dr. Quest fight for custody of Jonny and Hadji, and in "Return of Birdgirl" the men try to marry. Other episodes featured the Lizard Men from "Mystery of the Lizard Men", the mummy from "Curse of Anubis", a yeti from "Monsters in the Monastery", a gargoyle from "The House of the Seven Gargoyles", the robotic spider from "The Robot Spy", etc.
  • Matt Fraction's spy-fi comic book series Casanova features a genius villain going by the name of Sabine Seychelle, who works with a large Indian bodyguard named Samir; Fraction recounts his inspiration for them in the text column at the end of Casanova #4 that "I liked the idea of Jonny Quest, all adult and crooked. The son of an adventure scientist and his bePolo'd sidekick would grow up...how, exactly? Bent, I supposed. Weeeird. The kind of guy that would create phenomenal machines...and then sleep with them three at a time."
  • The animated series Johnny Test is named after this show.
  • Brazilian pop rock band Jota Quest is named after the series. Originally, they performed under the name J. Quest, but to avoid legal conflict with Hanna-Barbera, the J. was expanded to Jota (the Portuguese name for the letter J) from their second album onward.[21]

Episode guide

1964 – 1965

  1. The Mystery of the Lizard Men (first episode, before the introduction of Hadji) original air date 18 September, 1964: Dr. Quest is called in when several boats and ships are destroyed by a mysterious light beam in the Sargasso Sea.
  2. Arctic Splashdown (first appearance of Hadji) original air date 25 September, 1964: Jonny and company head for the Arctic to trace a missile that went off course.
  3. The Curse of Anubis original air date 2 October, 1964: Dr. Quest is framed for the theft of a priceless artifact in Egypt by a former archaeologist friend (turned Arab nationalist revolutionary) who is being stalked by a vengeful mummy.
  4. Pursuit of the Po-Ho original air date 9 October, 1964: A friend of Dr. Quest's is taken prisoner in the jungle by the dreaded Po-Ho tribe.
  5. Riddle of the Gold original air date 16 October, 1964: Dr. Quest tries to solve the "Riddle of the Gold" being mined from a vein in India that was supposedly tapped out years ago. Dr. Zin makes his first appearance.
  6. Treasure of the Temple original air date 23 October, 1964: The Quests set out on an archeological expedition to the lost city of Malatan. Someone doesn't want them to be there.
  7. Calcutta Adventure (origin of Hadji) original air date 30 October, 1964: In India, Dr. Quest aids locals who have contracted a mysterious illness.
  8. The Robot Spy (Dr. Zin episode) original air date 6 November, 1964: The Quest nemesis, Dr. Zin, sends a giant robot spider (by flying saucer-like wedge) to the vicinity of a U.S. government research facility, to steal the secrets of a ray gun project on which Dr. Quest is working.
  9. Double Danger (Dr. Zin/Jade episode) original air date 13 November, 1964: Dr. Zin wants to use a Race Bannon impostor to steal the formula for a tranquilizer which could hypnotize whole cities.
  10. Shadow of the Condor original air date 20 November, 1964: On a trip to South America, the Quests' plane develops engine trouble over the Andes and they are forced to land at the home of a mysterious German Baron.
  11. Skull and Double Crossbones original air date 27 November, 1964: The Quests tangle with pirates searching for sunken treasure.
  12. The Dreadful Doll original air date 4 December, 1964: Dr. Quest is called in when a young girl falls under the spell of an apparent voodoo curse.
  13. A Small Matter of Pygmies original air date 11 December, 1964: Jonny, Race and Hadji are taken prisoner by a tribe of hostile pygmies.
  14. Dragons of Ashida original air date 18 December, 1964: An old scientist friend of Dr. Quest's has been conducting experiments with lizards-resulting in an island full of dragons.
  15. Turu the Terrible original air date 25 December, 1964: In the jungle, the Quest party encounters a pteranodon.
  16. The Fraudulent Volcano original air date 31 December, 1964: Dr. Quest is called in to investigate a volcano that is behaving abnormally.
  17. Werewolf of the Timberland original air date 7 January, 1965: The Quests go to Canada in search of a rare type of petrified wood in an area where they are warned about a prowling werewolf.
  18. Pirates from Below original air date 14 January, 1965: Jonny and Race are captured by pirates who are hijacking Dr. Quest's new undersea crawler.
  19. Attack of the Tree People original air date 21 January, 1965: A fire on the high seas forces the Quest party to abandon ship, and Jonny and Hadji are marooned on an island.
  20. The Invisible Monster original air date 29 January, 1965: Dr. Quest comes to the aid of a fellow scientist who has accidentally created an (invisible) energy monster on a South Pacific island.
  21. The Devil's Tower original air date 4 February, 1965: The team tries to recover an instrument-laden weather balloon when it lands atop a remote mountain peak.
  22. The Quetong Missile Mystery (title card shows "The 'Q' Missile Mystery" for the 1964-65 season's re-run of this episode) original air date 11 February, 1965: The police commissioner of Quetong calls in Dr. Quest to investigate the strange disappearance of four of his men.
  23. The House of Seven Gargoyles original air date 18 February, 1965: The Quests visit a colleague in his castle in Norway.
  24. Terror Island (Jade episode) original air date 25 February, 1965: In Hong Kong, Dr. Quest is kidnapped by a mad scientist who turns ordinary animals into giant monsters.
  25. Monster in the Monastery original air date 4 March, 1965: The Quests travel to a Himalayan village where the natives live in a fear of terrifying snow creatures.
  26. The Sea Haunt original air date 11 March, 1965: The Quest team boards a seemingly deserted ship on the Java Sea, only to learn that an amphibious reptilian deep sea creature has attacked the crew, killing the captain and sabotaging the ship. The Quest family eventually forces the monster off the ship with a combination of fire, strong light, flares and a harpoon gun.

DVD releases

On May 11, 2004, Warner Home Video released the original series of Jonny Quest on region-1 DVD. These episodes are edited for content. The 1980s episodes have not been released on DVD.

References

  1. ^ a b c d Quest documentary, part 3
  2. ^ a b Quest documentary, part 4
  3. ^ Barbera, Joseph (1994). My Life in "Toons": From Flatbush to Bedrock in Under a Century. Atlanta, GA: Turner Publishing Company. p. 152. ISBN 1-57036-042-1.
  4. ^ CD liner notes: Saturday Mornings: Cartoons' Greatest Hits, 1995 MCA Records
  5. ^ "The Mystery of the Lizard Men," Jonny Quest, 18 September 1964.
  6. ^ "Double Danger," Jonny Quest, 13 November 1964.
  7. ^ Quest documentary, part 11
  8. ^ Quest documentary, part 5
  9. ^ Quest documentary, part 6
  10. ^ a b Quest documentary, part 16
  11. ^ a b Lefton, Terry (1995-06-19). "Turner Relaunches 'Quest'". Brandweek. 36 (25). VNU eMedia, Inc.
  12. ^ a b Strauss, Bob (1995-07-30). "On the set, it's either her way of the highway - Shuler-Donner's insistence just a way to show she cares". Daily News of Los Angeles. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  13. ^ Timm, Lori (1994-09-15). "Cue card> Lost on Quest for broad appeal". Peoria Journal Star p. C1. Peoria Journal Star. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  14. ^ Carter, Tammi (1995-11-19). "Fine tuning". The Times-Picayune p. T51. The Times-Picayune Publishing Corporation. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  15. ^ a b Hollywood Reporter (1994-04-25). "Live-Action `Johnny Quest' in the Works". The San Francisco Chronicle p. E3. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  16. ^ Hettrick, Scott (1996-03-18). "Turner lets Virgin put spin on new Quest CD-ROM, $1 mil marked for game based on toon". The Hollywood Reporter. BPI Communications, Inc. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  17. ^ WB sends Jonny Quest to bigscreen {sic} at Variety
  18. ^ Jonny Quest becomes a film
  19. ^ Zac Efron confirmed for Jonny Quest
  20. ^ http://tv.ign.com/top-100-animated-tv-series/77.html
  21. ^ Jota Quest web site
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