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==5th century==
==5th century==
{{History of Italy}}
{{History of Italy}}
*421: On Friday 25 March, the city of [[Venice]] is founded "at the stroke of noon"{{dubious|date=January 2024}}<!-- there were no mechanical clocks in this era --> according to legend{{citation needed|date=January 2024}} by three consuls from Padua, with the establishment of a trading-post on the islands of the [[Rialto]] and a church dedicated to St. James.
*421: On Friday, 25 March, the city of [[Venice]] is founded "at the stroke of noon"{{dubious|date=January 2024}}<!-- there were no mechanical clocks in this era --> according to legend{{citation needed|date=January 2024}} by three consuls from Padua, with the establishment of a trading-post on the islands of the [[Rialto]] and a church dedicated to St. James.
*452 – [[Attila the Hun]], from central Asia, invades Italy and sacks [[Aquileia]]
*452 – [[Attila the Hun]], from central Asia, invades Italy and sacks [[Aquileia]]
*466 – Representatives of the island communities meet in [[Grado, Friuli–Venezia Giulia|Grado]] to work out a rudimentary system of self-government through 12 tribunes elected annually.
*466 – Representatives of the island communities meet in [[Grado, Friuli–Venezia Giulia|Grado]] to work out a rudimentary system of self-government through 12 tribunes elected annually.
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==6th century==
==6th century==
*535 – [[Byzantine]] Emperor [[Justinian I]] launches the campaign which will become the [[Gothic War (535–554)]] for the re-conquest of [[Italy]]
*535 – [[Byzantine]] Emperor [[Justinian I]] launches the campaign which will become the [[Gothic War (535–554)]] for the re-conquest of [[Italy]]
*539 – [[Ravenna]] is re-taken by the Emperor. The association of island communities and [[Istria]] are part of the [[Byzantine Empire]]
*539 – [[Ravenna]] is re-taken by the Emperor. The association of island communities and [[Istria]] are part of the [[Byzantine Empire]]
*567 – The [[Exarchate of Italy]] is established, based in Ravenna (and thus also known as the Exarchate of Ravenna) with a [[tribune]] appointed to rule over maritime [[Venice]]
*567 – The [[Exarchate of Italy]] is established, based in Ravenna (and thus also known as the Exarchate of Ravenna) with a [[tribune]] appointed to rule over maritime [[Venice]]
*568 – [[Lombards|Lombard]], a Germanic tribe from the region of Hungary, invades [[Italy]] under King [[Alboin]]. Great numbers of refugees flee to the lagoons.
*568 – [[Lombards|Lombard]], a Germanic tribe from the region of Hungary, invades [[Italy]] under King [[Alboin]]. Great numbers of refugees flee to the lagoons.
**[[Bishop]] Paul of Altino hears “a voice from heaven” commanding him to climb to the top of a nearby [[tower]] and look to the stars for the path to where he must take his flock. They lead him to an island in the centre of the lagoon, later named [[Torcello]] “little tower” in memory of the one the bishop had climbed.
**[[Bishop]] Paul of Altino hears “a voice from heaven” commanding him to climb to the top of a nearby [[tower]] and look to the stars for the path to where he must take his flock. They lead him to an island in the centre of the lagoon, later named [[Torcello]] “little tower” in memory of the one the bishop had climbed.
**The people of [[Aquileia]] and their archbishop take refuge on the island of [[Grado, Friuli–Venezia Giulia|Grado]]. The [[Episcopal see|See]] of [[Aquileia]] was traditionally founded by St. [[Mark the Evangelist]], so its transferral is significant. The [[bishop]] thereafter bears the title of [[Patriarch of Grado]]
**The people of [[Aquileia]] and their archbishop take refuge on the island of [[Grado, Friuli–Venezia Giulia|Grado]]. The [[Episcopal see|See]] of [[Aquileia]] was traditionally founded by St. [[Mark the Evangelist]], so its transferral is significant. The [[bishop]] thereafter bears the title of [[Patriarch of Grado]]
**The people of [[Concordia Sagittaria]] flee to [[Caorle]]
**The people of [[Concordia Sagittaria]] flee to [[Caorle]]
**The people of [[Padua]] choose [[Malamocco]]
**The people of [[Padua]] choose [[Malamocco]]
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*712 – King [[Liutprand, King of the Lombards|Liutprand]] of the [[Lombards]] occupies [[Ravenna]] but loses it to the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantines]]
*712 – King [[Liutprand, King of the Lombards|Liutprand]] of the [[Lombards]] occupies [[Ravenna]] but loses it to the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantines]]
*726 – [[Byzantine Emperor]] [[Leo III the Isaurian|Leo III]] orders the destruction of [[icon]]s. The lagoon communities rise up in rebellion.
*726 – [[Byzantine Emperor]] [[Leo III the Isaurian|Leo III]] orders the destruction of [[icon]]s. The lagoon communities rise up in rebellion.
*726 or 727 – [[Paul (exarch)|Paul]], [[Exarchate of Ravenna|Exarch of Ravenna]], is assassinated; according to legend, so is the provincial governor [[Marcello Tegalliano|Marcello]]. [[Orso Ipato|Orso]] from [[Eraclea]] is elected chief of the 12 tribunes. He is given the title of “''dux''” (which becomes "[[Doge (title)|doge]]" in the local dialect). Orso is the first sovereign [[Doge of Venice]] (the third according to the legendary list which began in 697), having received the title “Ipato” or Consul by the [[Byzantine Emperor]]
*726 or 727 – [[Paul (exarch)|Paul]], [[Exarchate of Ravenna|Exarch of Ravenna]], is assassinated; according to legend, so is the provincial governor [[Marcello Tegalliano|Marcello]]. [[Orso Ipato|Orso]] from [[Eraclea]] is elected chief of the 12 tribunes. He is given the title of “''dux''” (which becomes "[[Doge (title)|doge]]" in the local dialect). Orso is the first sovereign [[Doge of Venice]] (the third according to the legendary list which began in 697), having received the title “Ipato” or Consul by the [[Byzantine Emperor]]
*737 – Assassination of [[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Orso Ipato]] and beginning of the five year “[[Interregnum]]”
*737 – Assassination of [[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Orso Ipato]] and beginning of the five year “[[Interregnum]]”
*742 – [[Teodato Ipato]], [[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Orso Ipato]]’s son, is elected to be the next [[Doge (title)|Doge]]. He transfers his seat of government from [[Eraclea|Heraclea]] to [[Malamocco on the Lido]] which is thought to be more easily defended. He rules as a [[sovereign]].
*742 – [[Teodato Ipato]], [[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Orso Ipato]]’s son, is elected to be the next [[Doge (title)|Doge]]. He transfers his seat of government from [[Eraclea|Heraclea]] to [[Malamocco on the Lido]] which is thought to be more easily defended. He rules as a [[sovereign]].
*751
*751
**Fall of [[Ravenna]] by the [[Lombards]] under King [[Aistulf]] ends the [[Exarchate of Ravenna]] The Exarch himself is killed.
**Fall of [[Ravenna]] by the [[Lombards]] under King [[Aistulf]] ends the [[Exarchate of Ravenna]] The Exarch himself is killed.
**The last [[Franks|Frankish]] [[Merovingian]] monarch, [[Childeric III]], is deposed and the [[Carolingian]] [[Pepin the Short]] is elected [[King]]
**The last [[Franks|Frankish]] [[Merovingian]] monarch, [[Childeric III]], is deposed and the [[Carolingian]] [[Pepin the Short]] is elected [[King]]
*753 – [[Pepin the Short]], son of [[Charles Martel]] (and the father of Charlemagne) invades [[Italy]] at the invitation of [[Pope Stephen II]]
*753 – [[Pepin the Short]], son of [[Charles Martel]] (and the father of Charlemagne) invades [[Italy]] at the invitation of [[Pope Stephen II]]
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**[[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Maurizio Galbaio]], a well-born Heraclean who claims to descend from the [[Emperor]] [[Galba]], is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
**[[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Maurizio Galbaio]], a well-born Heraclean who claims to descend from the [[Emperor]] [[Galba]], is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*778 – [[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Maurizio Galbaio]] associates his son Giovanni with him in the Dogeship, thus allowing him to succeed his father without popular sanction or approval of his subjects
*778 – [[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Maurizio Galbaio]] associates his son Giovanni with him in the Dogeship, thus allowing him to succeed his father without popular sanction or approval of his subjects
*c.780 – The [[Rialto]] Islands gradually become permanently settled, and on the island of [[Olivolo]] (modern-day Isola di San Pietro di [[Castello, Venice|Castello]]) the chapel of Saints Bacchus and Sergius is rebuilt and reconsecrated as the cathedral of St. Peter. It remained the [[cathedral]] of [[Venice]] for a thousand years, until the City was occupied by Napoleon at the end of the eighteenth century.
*c.780 – The [[Rialto]] Islands gradually become permanently settled, and on the island of [[Olivolo]] (modern-day Isola di San Pietro di [[Castello, Venice|Castello]]) the chapel of Saints Bacchus and Sergius is rebuilt and reconsecrated as the cathedral of St. Peter. It remained the [[cathedral]] of [[Venice]] for a thousand years, until the City was occupied by Napoleon at the end of the eighteenth century.
**[[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Maurizio Galbaio]] appoints his sixteen-year-old nephew Christopher [[bishop]] of [[Olivolo]], but when the [[Patriarch of Grado]] refuses to consecrate him a flotilla of ships is sent to attack [[Grado, Friuli–Venezia Giulia|Grado]], and there the elderly [[Patriarch of Grado]] is thrown to his death from a tower. The new [[Patriarch of Grado]], Fortunatus, flees in exile to the court of [[Charlemagne]] at [[Aachen]]
**[[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Maurizio Galbaio]] appoints his sixteen-year-old nephew Christopher [[bishop]] of [[Olivolo]], but when the [[Patriarch of Grado]] refuses to consecrate him a flotilla of ships is sent to attack [[Grado, Friuli–Venezia Giulia|Grado]], and there the elderly [[Patriarch of Grado]] is thrown to his death from a tower. The new [[Patriarch of Grado]], Fortunatus, flees in exile to the court of [[Charlemagne]] at [[Aachen]]


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**[[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Obelerio degli Antenori]] chooses a Frankish bride; [[Dogaressa Carola|Carola]], the first [[Dogaressa]]
**[[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Obelerio degli Antenori]] chooses a Frankish bride; [[Dogaressa Carola|Carola]], the first [[Dogaressa]]
*809
*809
**Venetian recognition of Charlemagne as Emperor of the West is seen as treachery by the Eastern Emperor in Constantinople and a [[Byzantine]] fleet sails up the Adriatic and attacks a Frankish flotilla at the port of Comacchio situated to the south of the Venetian Lagoon. It is defeated.
**Venetian recognition of Charlemagne as Emperor of the West is seen as treachery by the Eastern Emperor in Constantinople and a [[Byzantine]] fleet sails up the Adriatic and attacks a Frankish flotilla at the port of Comacchio situated to the south of the Venetian Lagoon. It is defeated.
**[[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Obelerio degli Antenori|Obelerio and his brother]] Beato raise yet another brother, Valentino, to the Dogeship alongside them. It is one step too much for the Venetian people who rise up in opposition against them. Obelerio calls upon Charlemagne's son [[King]] [[Pepin of Italy]] installed at Ravenna to intervene on their behalf, as had been promised by the agreement of 804.
**[[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Obelerio degli Antenori|Obelerio and his brother]] Beato raise yet another brother, Valentino, to the Dogeship alongside them. It is one step too much for the Venetian people who rise up in opposition against them. Obelerio calls upon Charlemagne's son [[King]] [[Pepin of Italy]] installed at Ravenna to intervene on their behalf, as had been promised by the agreement of 804.
*810
*810
**[[King]] [[Pepin of Italy]] with his army and cavalry sets out from his capital Ravenna to invade the Venetian capital Malamocco, situated on the Lido. But the inhabitants of the lagoon put up fierce resistance under the leadership of Agnello Participazio from Rialto. The siege lasts six months and Pepin's army is ravaged by the diseases of the local swamps and forced to withdraw. A few months later Pepin dies
**[[King]] [[Pepin of Italy]] with his army and cavalry sets out from his capital Ravenna to invade the Venetian capital Malamocco, situated on the Lido. But the inhabitants of the lagoon put up fierce resistance under the leadership of Agnello Participazio from Rialto. The siege lasts six months and Pepin's army is ravaged by the diseases of the local swamps and forced to withdraw. A few months later Pepin dies
**Doge Obelerio is deposed, and [[Agnello Participazio]], who has defended [[Venice]] from the beginning, is chosen to replace him.
**Doge Obelerio is deposed, and [[Agnello Participazio]], who has defended [[Venice]] from the beginning, is chosen to replace him.
**Former [[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Obelerio degli Antenori]] spends the next two decades in exile in [[Constantinople]]
**Former [[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Obelerio degli Antenori]] spends the next two decades in exile in [[Constantinople]]
*811 – [[Agnello Participazio]] is the eighth Venetian to hold the title of Doge. His Rialtine house on the present Campiello del Cason becomes the first [[Doge's Palace, Venice|Doge's Palace]] within the Venice we know today, soon to be rebuilt in stone next to the chapel of Saint Theodore which stood on the site now occupied by the Basilica of Saint Mark.
*811 – [[Agnello Participazio]] is the eighth Venetian to hold the title of Doge. His Rialtine house on the present Campiello del Cason becomes the first [[Doge's Palace, Venice|Doge's Palace]] within the Venice we know today, soon to be rebuilt in stone next to the chapel of Saint Theodore which stood on the site now occupied by the Basilica of Saint Mark.
*827 – [[Giustiniano Participazio]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*827 – [[Giustiniano Participazio]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*828 – [[Relics]] of Saint [[Mark the Evangelist]] arrive in [[Venice]] having been stolen from [[Alexandria]] in [[Egypt]] by the merchants Bono da Malamocco and Rustico da Torcello
*828 – [[Relics]] of Saint [[Mark the Evangelist]] arrive in [[Venice]] having been stolen from [[Alexandria]] in [[Egypt]] by the merchants Bono da Malamocco and Rustico da Torcello
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*948 – With the weakening of [[Byzantium]], Venice began to see [[Ragusa (Croatia)|Ragusa]] as a rival who needed to be brought under her control, but the attempt to conquer the city failed<ref name=short>{{cite book|first=Frederick Bernard|last=Singleton|year=1985|url=https://archive.org/details/shorthistoryofyu0000sing|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/shorthistoryofyu0000sing/page/107 107]|quote=Venetian siege in 948.|title=A Short History of the Yugoslav Peoples|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=0-521-27485-0}}</ref>
*948 – With the weakening of [[Byzantium]], Venice began to see [[Ragusa (Croatia)|Ragusa]] as a rival who needed to be brought under her control, but the attempt to conquer the city failed<ref name=short>{{cite book|first=Frederick Bernard|last=Singleton|year=1985|url=https://archive.org/details/shorthistoryofyu0000sing|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/shorthistoryofyu0000sing/page/107 107]|quote=Venetian siege in 948.|title=A Short History of the Yugoslav Peoples|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=0-521-27485-0}}</ref>
*959 – [[Pietro IV Candiano]] is locked in his palace with his son while it burned.
*959 – [[Pietro IV Candiano]] is locked in his palace with his son while it burned.
*976 – [[Pietro I Orseolo]] resigned to become a [[Camaldolese]] hermit in Abbey of Sant Miguel de Cuxa in the Pyrenees
*976 – [[Pietro I Orseolo]] resigned to become a [[Camaldolese]] hermit in Abbey of Sant Miguel de Cuxa in the Pyrenees
*978 – [[Vitale Candiano]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*978 – [[Vitale Candiano]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*979 – [[Tribuno Memmo]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*979 – [[Tribuno Memmo]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
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==11th century==
==11th century==
*1000 – A powerful fleet move to [[Istria]] and [[Dalmatia]] commanded by [[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Pietro II Orseolo]] to secured the Venetian fight [[Narentine]] pirates, who were suppressed permanently. The bloodiest armed conflict during the expedition was the [[Battle of Lastovo (1000)|battle of Lastovo]]
*1000 – A powerful fleet move to [[Istria]] and [[Dalmatia]] commanded by [[Doge (title)|Doge]] [[Pietro II Orseolo]] to secure the Venetian fight [[Narentine]] pirates, who were suppressed permanently. The bloodiest armed conflict during the expedition was the [[Battle of Lastovo (1000)|battle of Lastovo]]
*1009 – [[Otto Orseolo]] arrested, beard shaved, and banished to [[Constantinople]] for nepotism. He was the father of [[King]] [[Peter Urseolo of Hungary]].
*1009 – [[Otto Orseolo]] arrested, beard shaved, and banished to [[Constantinople]] for nepotism. He was the father of [[King]] [[Peter Urseolo of Hungary]].
*1026 – [[Pietro Barbolano]] abdicated under heavy pressure to reinstate [[Otto Orseolo]]
*1026 – [[Pietro Barbolano]] abdicated under heavy pressure to reinstate [[Otto Orseolo]]
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**Return of [[Marco Polo]] from [[Cathay]]
**Return of [[Marco Polo]] from [[Cathay]]
**[[Pietro Gradenigo]] sent a fleet of 68 ships to attack a Genoese fleet at [[Alexandretta]]
**[[Pietro Gradenigo]] sent a fleet of 68 ships to attack a Genoese fleet at [[Alexandretta]]
*1297 – Admission to the Maggior Consiglio – the [[Great Council of Venice]] – is restricted for the first time on 28 February
*1297 – Admission to the Maggior Consiglio – the [[Great Council of Venice]] – is restricted for the first time on 28 February
*1298 – [[Marco Polo]] is taken prisoner during the [[Battle of Curzola]] by [[Republic of Genoa|Genoa]]
*1298 – [[Marco Polo]] is taken prisoner during the [[Battle of Curzola]] by [[Republic of Genoa|Genoa]]
*1299 – [[Pietro Gradenigo]] sends a fleet of 100 ships to attack the Genoese
*1299 – [[Pietro Gradenigo]] sends a fleet of 100 ships to attack the Genoese
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*1365 – [[Marco Cornaro]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*1365 – [[Marco Cornaro]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*1367 – [[Andrea Contarini]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*1367 – [[Andrea Contarini]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*1368 – The [[War of Trieste]] begins in order to secure Adriatic trade routes. The war ends in 1370
*1368 – The [[War of Trieste]] begins in order to secure Adriatic trade routes. The war ends in 1370
*1378 – Outbreak of the fourth and final [[Venetian–Genoese War]], the "[[War of Chioggia]]", which lasts until 1381
*1378 – Outbreak of the fourth and final [[Venetian–Genoese War]], the "[[War of Chioggia]]", which lasts until 1381
*1380
*1380
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*1779 – [[Paolo Renier]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*1779 – [[Paolo Renier]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]
*1782 – [[Pope Pius VI]] visits [[Venice]] along with several princes of [[Russia]]
*1782 – [[Pope Pius VI]] visits [[Venice]] along with several princes of [[Russia]]
*1785 – [[Angelo Emo]] begins an expedition to northern [[Africa]] against the [[Barbary pirates]]. His expedition will end in 1786
*1785 – [[Angelo Emo]] begins an expedition to northern [[Africa]] against the [[Barbary pirates]]. His expedition will end in 1786
*1789 – [[Ludovico Manin]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]. He will ultimately be the last [[Doge (title)|Doge]] of the [[Republic of Venice]]
*1789 – [[Ludovico Manin]] is elected [[Doge (title)|Doge]]. He will ultimately be the last [[Doge (title)|Doge]] of the [[Republic of Venice]]
*1796 – Prelude to the Fall of the Republic
*1796 – Prelude to the Fall of the Republic
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**April 9 – [[Napoleon]] threatens [[Venice]] with war
**April 9 – [[Napoleon]] threatens [[Venice]] with war
**May 1 – [[Domenico Pizzamano]] fires on a French ship trying to force an entry from the Lido forts. [[Napoleon]] declares war
**May 1 – [[Domenico Pizzamano]] fires on a French ship trying to force an entry from the Lido forts. [[Napoleon]] declares war
**May 12 – The Maggior Consiglio – the [[Great Council of Venice]] – sits for the last time and approves a motion to hand over power "to the system of the proposed provisional representative government", although there is not a quorum of votes: 512 vote for, ten against, and five abstain
**May 12 – The Maggior Consiglio – the [[Great Council of Venice]] – sits for the last time and approves a motion to hand over power "to the system of the proposed provisional representative government", although there is not a quorum of votes: 512 vote for, ten against, and five abstain
**May 16 – The provisional municipal government meets in the Hall of the Maggior Consiglio. The preliminaries of the [[Peace of Leoben]] are made even harsher in the [[Treaty of Campoformio]], and [[Venice]] and all her possessions become Austrian
**May 16 – The provisional municipal government meets in the Hall of the Maggior Consiglio. The preliminaries of the [[Peace of Leoben]] are made even harsher in the [[Treaty of Campoformio]], and [[Venice]] and all her possessions become Austrian
**October 18 – The accord is signed at [[Passariano]], forcing [[Ludovico Manin]] to abdicate and thus ending the [[Republic of Venice]] after more than a thousand years
**October 18 – The accord is signed at [[Passariano]], forcing [[Ludovico Manin]] to abdicate and thus ending the [[Republic of Venice]] after more than a thousand years

Revision as of 06:49, 29 July 2024

This article presents a detailed timeline of the history of the Republic of Venice from its legendary foundation to its collapse under the efforts of Napoleon.

5th century

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Timeline

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  • 421: On Friday, 25 March, the city of Venice is founded "at the stroke of noon"[dubious – discuss] according to legend[citation needed] by three consuls from Padua, with the establishment of a trading-post on the islands of the Rialto and a church dedicated to St. James.
  • 452 – Attila the Hun, from central Asia, invades Italy and sacks Aquileia
  • 466 – Representatives of the island communities meet in Grado to work out a rudimentary system of self-government through 12 tribunes elected annually.
  • 476 – Fall of the Western Roman Empire, after the deposition of Romulus Augustulus by Odoacer, a military leader in Italy of east German descent.
  • 493 – Odoacer is overthrown by Theodoric the Great, an Arian Christian who had received his education in Constantinople.

6th century

7th century

8th century

9th century

  • 803 – Opposition to the Galbaii family forces Doge Giovanni Galbaio, with his son Christopher to flee to Mantua
  • 804
    • Obelerio degli Antenori is elected Doge and immediately associates his brother Beato to the Dogeship
    • The exiled Patriarch of Grado, Fortunatus, returns to Venice from the court of Charlemagne at Aachen and proposes that, in return for his being re-instated at Grado, and the Doge's acceptance of the authority of Charlemagne (who was crowned Emperor of the West by the Pope on Xmas Day AD 800) the Venetians could count on the protection of the Franks when needed. Doge Obelerio degli Antenori accepts.
  • 805
  • 809
    • Venetian recognition of Charlemagne as Emperor of the West is seen as treachery by the Eastern Emperor in Constantinople and a Byzantine fleet sails up the Adriatic and attacks a Frankish flotilla at the port of Comacchio situated to the south of the Venetian Lagoon. It is defeated.
    • Doge Obelerio and his brother Beato raise yet another brother, Valentino, to the Dogeship alongside them. It is one step too much for the Venetian people who rise up in opposition against them. Obelerio calls upon Charlemagne's son King Pepin of Italy installed at Ravenna to intervene on their behalf, as had been promised by the agreement of 804.
  • 810
    • King Pepin of Italy with his army and cavalry sets out from his capital Ravenna to invade the Venetian capital Malamocco, situated on the Lido. But the inhabitants of the lagoon put up fierce resistance under the leadership of Agnello Participazio from Rialto. The siege lasts six months and Pepin's army is ravaged by the diseases of the local swamps and forced to withdraw. A few months later Pepin dies
    • Doge Obelerio is deposed, and Agnello Participazio, who has defended Venice from the beginning, is chosen to replace him.
    • Former Doge Obelerio degli Antenori spends the next two decades in exile in Constantinople
  • 811 – Agnello Participazio is the eighth Venetian to hold the title of Doge. His Rialtine house on the present Campiello del Cason becomes the first Doge's Palace within the Venice we know today, soon to be rebuilt in stone next to the chapel of Saint Theodore which stood on the site now occupied by the Basilica of Saint Mark.
  • 827 – Giustiniano Participazio is elected Doge
  • 828 – Relics of Saint Mark the Evangelist arrive in Venice having been stolen from Alexandria in Egypt by the merchants Bono da Malamocco and Rustico da Torcello
  • 829 – Giovanni I Participazio arrested, and tonsured (head shaved like monk)
  • 832 – Former Doge Obelerio degli Antenori returns from two decades of exile in Constantinople with a band of faithful men to reclaim the Dogeship. He lands at Vigilia, near Malamocco, but the legitimate Doge, Giovanni Participazio, razes the two cities and kills Obelerio degli Antenori displaying his head in the market
  • 837 – Pietro Gradonico assassinated, although in this case his successor arrests and executes the assassins
  • 839 – The Venetian Navy conducts military operations against Croats, led by Mislav of Croatia, who sign a peace treaty with doge Pietro Tradonico[1][2]
  • 840 –
    • Pietro's military assault on the Narentines fails[1]
    • Pactum Lotharii demonstrates Venice's independence from the Byzantine Empire by signing its own treaties
    • Title of the Doge drops mention as province of the Byzantine Empire (Dux Venetiarum Provinciae becomes Dux Veneticorum
  • 841 – The Republic of Venice sends a fleet of 60 galleys (each carrying 200 men) to assist the Byzantines in driving the Arabs from Crotone, but fail
  • 846 – The Narentines breach Venice itself, and raid the neighbouring lagoon city of Caorle[1]
  • 864 – Orso I Participazio is elected Doge
  • 881 – Giovanni II Participazio resigns due to poor health
  • 887 – Narentines defeated Venetians near the town of Makarska, killing the Venetian doge Pietro I Candiano in open battle. Venetians start paying prince Branimir (879–892), an annual tribute for the right to travel and trade in the Adriatic Sea[1]
  • 888 – Pietro Tribuno is elected Doge

10th century

11th century

12th century

13th century

14th century

15th century

16th century

17th century

18th century

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Norwich, John Julius (1982). A History of Venice. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
  2. ^ Riazzoli, Mirko (2017-11-09). Cronologia di Venezia dalla fondazione ai giorni nostri. Youcanprint. ISBN 978-88-926-9405-7.
  3. ^ Singleton, Frederick Bernard (1985). A Short History of the Yugoslav Peoples. Cambridge University Press. p. 107. ISBN 0-521-27485-0. Venetian siege in 948.
  4. ^ a b Weiner, Gordon M. (1970). "The Demographic Effects of the Venetian Plagues of 1575–77 and 1630–31". Genus. 26 (1/2). Sapienza University of Rome: 41–57. JSTOR 29787908.

Further reading

See also: History of the Republic of Venice § Bibliography, and Timeline of Venice § Bibliography
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