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Sadness is an emotion characterized by feelings of disadvantage, loss, and helplessness. When sad, people often become quiet, less energetic, and withdrawn. Sadness is considered to be the opposite of happiness, and is similar to the emotions of sorrow, grief, misery, and melancholy. The philosopher Baruch Spinoza defined sadness as the “transfer of a person from a large perfection to a smaller one.” Sadness can be viewed as a temporary lowering of mood (colloquially called "feeling blue"), whereas clinical depression is characterized by a persistent and intense lowered mood, as well as disruption to one's ability to function in day to day matters.

The word 'sad' is also used as a derogatory slang term to refer to something that is considered pathetic.

Sources

Anger and advancement versus sadness and subjugation: the effect of negative emotion expressions on social status conferral. Journal of Pers Soc Psychol. 2001 Jan;80(1):86-94. Tiedens, 2001
Ambady & Gray, 2002
Forgas, 1998
Forgas, 1998
Forgas, 1992, 1994
Forgas & Bower, 1987
Isen, 1987
Keltner et al., 1998

v t e Emotions (list)
Emotions	Acceptance Admiration Adoration Aesthetic Affection Agitation Agony Amusement Anger Angst Anguish Annoyance Anticipation Anxiety Apathy Arousal Attraction Awe Belongingness Boredom Calmness Compassion Confidence Confusion Contempt Contentment Courage Cruelty Curiosity Defeat Depression Desire Disappointment Disgust Distrust Doubt Ecstasy Embarrassment vicarious Emotion work Empathy Emptiness Enthrallment Enthusiasm Envy Euphoria Excitement Faith Fear Flow Frustration Gratification Gratitude Greed Grief Guilt Happiness Joie de vivre Hatred Hiraeth Homesickness Hope Horror Hostility Humiliation Hygge Hysteria Ikigai (sense of purpose) Indulgence Infatuation Insecurity Inspiration Interest Irritation Isolation Jealousy Joy Kindness Loneliness Love limerence at first sight Lust Mono no aware Neglect Nostalgia Outrage Panic Passion Pity self-pity Pleasure Pride grandiosity hubris insult vanity Rage Regret Rejection Relief Remorse Resentment Revenge Sadness melancholy Saudade Schadenfreude Sehnsucht Sentimentality Shame Shock Shyness Social connection Sorrow Spite Stress chronic Suffering Surprise Sympathy Trust Wonder sense of wonder Worry
Worldviews	Cynicism Defeatism Nihilism Optimism Pessimism Reclusion Weltschmerz
Related	Affect consciousness in education measures in psychology Affective computing forecasting neuroscience science spectrum Affectivity positive negative Appeal to emotion Amygdala hijack Emotion and art and memory and music and sex and sleep classification evolution expressed functional accounts group homeostatic in animals perception recognition in conversation regulation interpersonal work Emotional aperture bias blackmail competence conflict contagion detachment dysregulation eating exhaustion expression and gender intelligence and bullying Empathy quotient intimacy isolation lability labor lateralization literacy prosody reasoning responsivity security symbiosis thought method well-being Emotionality bounded Emotions and culture history in decision-making in the workplace in virtual communication moral self-conscious social social sharing sociology Feeling Group affective tone Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems Jealousy in art Meta-emotion Pathognomy Pathos Social emotional development Stoic passions Theory affect appraisal constructed emotion discrete emotion somatic marker
Italics indicate emotion names in foreign languages

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 '''Sadness''' is an [[emotion]] characterized by [[feelings]] of disadvantage, loss, and helplessness. When sad, people often become quiet, less energetic, and withdrawn. Sadness is considered to be the opposite of [[happiness]], and is similar to the emotions of [[sorrow]], [[grief]], [[misery]], and [[melancholy]]. The philosopher [[Baruch Spinoza]] defined sadness as the “transfer of a person from a large perfection to a smaller one.” Sadness can be viewed as a temporary lowering of mood (colloquially called "feeling blue"), whereas [[clinical depression]] is characterized by a persistent and intense lowered mood, as well as disruption to one's ability to function in day to day matters.
-The word 'sad' is also used as a derogatory slang term and may refer to something, an opinion or a pursuit that is considered pathetic (i.e. arousing sympathy, compassion, and either empathic or scornful/contemptuous pity) but is relentlessly pursued in any case. For example the hobby of trainspotting (the collection of train identification numbers) has been considered by some to be 'sad'. The wearing of unfashionable clothing is another example of what may also be considered 'sad'.
+The word 'sad' is also used as a derogatory slang term to refer to something that is considered pathetic.
 ==Sources==

Revision as of 22:27, 6 January 2009

Sources

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