Rafe: Difference between revisions
Rich Janis (talk | contribs) m wl |
m all cases from my MT text |
||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
It originated with the [[Tiberian Hebrew|Tiberian]] [[Masoretes]] as part of the extended system of ''[[niqqud]]'' (vowel points), and has the opposite meaning to ''[[dagesh]] qal'', showing that one of the letters [[ב]][[ג]][[ד]][[כ]][[פ]][[ת]] is to be pronounced as a [[fricative]] and not as a [[plosive]], or (sometimes) that a consonant is single and not double; or, as the opposite to a ''[[mappiq]]'', to show that the letters [[ה]] or [[א]] are silent (''[[mater lectionis]]''). |
It originated with the [[Tiberian Hebrew|Tiberian]] [[Masoretes]] as part of the extended system of ''[[niqqud]]'' (vowel points), and has the opposite meaning to ''[[dagesh]] qal'', showing that one of the letters [[ב]][[ג]][[ד]][[כ]][[פ]][[ת]] is to be pronounced as a [[fricative]] and not as a [[plosive]], or (sometimes) that a consonant is single and not double; or, as the opposite to a ''[[mappiq]]'', to show that the letters [[ה]] or [[א]] are silent (''[[mater lectionis]]''). |
||
The rafe generally fell out of use for Hebrew with the coming of printing, although according to [[Wilhelm Gesenius|Gesenius]] (1813) at that time it could still be found in a few places in printed [[Hebrew Bible]]s, where the absence of a ''dagesh'' or a ''mappiq'' was particularly to be noted.<ref>{{Cite GHG|14}}</ref> |
The rafe generally fell out of use for Hebrew with the coming of printing, although according to [[Wilhelm Gesenius|Gesenius]] (1813) at that time it could still be found in a few places in printed [[Hebrew Bible]]s, where the absence of a ''dagesh'' or a ''mappiq'' was particularly to be noted.<ref>{{Cite GHG|14}}</ref> (e.g. Exodus 20:13,14,15; Deuteronomy 5:13,17,18,19; 2 Samuel 11:1; Isaiah 22:10; Jeremiah 20:17; Psalm 119:99; Zechariah 5:11) |
||
In some [[siddur]]s (e.g. those printed by [[Artscroll]]) a diacritical symbol, in fact identical to the rafe, is used to mark "moving [[shva|sheva]]s" |
In some [[siddur]]s (e.g. those printed by [[Artscroll]]) a diacritical symbol, in fact identical to the rafe, is used to mark "moving [[shva|sheva]]s" |
||
Revision as of 18:41, 10 January 2011
| ֿ | |
| Similar appearance | macron |
| פֿיש | |
(Joshua 1:1)
In Hebrew orthography the rafe, also raphe (Hebrew: רפה, pronounced [ʀaˈfe], meaning "weak, limp"), is a diacritic ֿ a short horizontal overbar placed above certain letters to indicate that they are to be pronounced as fricatives.
It originated with the Tiberian Masoretes as part of the extended system of niqqud (vowel points), and has the opposite meaning to dagesh qal, showing that one of the letters בגדכפת is to be pronounced as a fricative and not as a plosive, or (sometimes) that a consonant is single and not double; or, as the opposite to a mappiq, to show that the letters ה or א are silent (mater lectionis).
The rafe generally fell out of use for Hebrew with the coming of printing, although according to Gesenius (1813) at that time it could still be found in a few places in printed Hebrew Bibles, where the absence of a dagesh or a mappiq was particularly to be noted.[1] (e.g. Exodus 20:13,14,15; Deuteronomy 5:13,17,18,19; 2 Samuel 11:1; Isaiah 22:10; Jeremiah 20:17; Psalm 119:99; Zechariah 5:11)
In some siddurs (e.g. those printed by Artscroll) a diacritical symbol, in fact identical to the rafe, is used to mark "moving shevas"
Yiddish/Ladino
It retained some currency in Yiddish and Ladino, particularly to distinguish /p/ (פּ, pey) from /f/ (פֿ, fey), and to mark non-pronounced consonants.
| Name | Symbol | IPA | Transliteration | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pey | Template:Hebrew | /p/ | p | pan |
| Fey | Template:Hebrew | /f/ | f | fan |
See also
References
 | This writing system–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |