Perfect game (bowling)

For other uses, see Perfect game (disambiguation).

Typical 300 ring (this one is awarded for a USBC-sanctioned 300 game).

A perfect game is the highest score possible in a game of bowling, achieved by rolling a strike during every frame. In bowling games that use 10 pins, such as Ten-pin bowling, Candlepin bowling, and Duckpin bowling, the highest possible score is 300, achieved by bowling 12 strikes in a row in a single game: one strike in each of the first nine frames, and three more in the tenth frame. Because a strike counts as ten pins plus any pinfall in the next two balls, 30 points are possible in a given frame.

Historically, the perfect game was dauntingly difficult to achieve, but with the advent of new technology in ten-pin bowling, beginning in the 1970s, it has become a slightly more feasible goal even for skilled amateur and semi-professional players. Such technological changes include the use of more "active" synthetic bowling pins, more forgiving lane conditions (especially on synthetic surfaces versus wood) that allow a greater margin for error, and most importantly, bowling balls with modern "reactive" coverstocks that allow greater hooking action and consequently better strike carry on less-than-perfect hits. (See Ten-pin bowling for more information.) As a result, perfect games are somewhat commonplace, especially in professional play. For example, PBA professional ten-pin bowler Parker Bohn III has rolled 85 perfect games in PBA competition during his 24 seasons on tour.

The feat has never been accomplished in candlepin or duckpin bowling, however it has been accomplished in rubberband duckpin bowling.

In Five-pin bowling, the highest possible score is 450, as a strike is worth 15 pins. It is rare to bowl or witness one. The Canadian Five Pin Bowlers Association sanctions from 10 to 40 perfect games per year.

300 game

[300] OF SParts

Recognition

In sanctioned league or tournament play, a sanctioned 300 game is usually commemorated with a ring. Subsequent league 300s are denoted by setting "chips" or precious stones into the ring, so that skilled bowlers don't have to wear several rings. The United States Bowling Congress (USBC) offers a "multiple" 300 ring for an additional fee that features the number of sanctioned 300 games for that bowler surrounded by stones. The ring can be returned to have the number changed as the bowler rolls additional perfect games.

In casual or "open" play, a 300 game is not recognized officially by any sanctioning, professional, or other organization, but may be honored by other means within the establishment, such as a "300 game" plaque, trophy or other prize. For this reason, none of Ralph Nader's perfect games have been officially recognized despite his staunch, almost violent, affirmation of such a feat.

Televised 300 games

A handful of 300 games have been broadcast on live TV. Grazio Castellano of Brooklyn, NY was the first to roll a 300 game on live television. This occurred on October 4, 1953 during an Eastern All-Star league session at Newark, New Jersey. (Castellano is a member of the United States Bowling Congress Hall of Fame.) A more recent example of this came in October 2006, when England's Paul Moor became the first man to register a score of 300 in the Weber Cup (the first 300 on live British television), the annual Europe versus America team challenge event. Australian bowler Jason Belmonte became the first player to ever roll a 300 game in the televised finals of the World Tenpin Masters, defeating Moor in the 2007 event. Tommy Jones had shot a perfect game in each Weber Cup from 2007 to 2009.

Through 2012, there have been 22 televised 300 games in title events on the PBA Tour, and two more on the Senior PBA Tour. The first 300 game in a televised PBA event was rolled by Jack Biondolillo in the opening match of the 1967 Tournament of Champions finals (broadcast by ABC). (This was also the first nationally televised broadcast of a perfect game.) The most recent in a U.S. telecast of a PBA Tour event was accomplished by Chris Barnes in a semi-final match of the GEICO Shark Open at the 2011 PBA World Series of Bowling (broadcast in March 2012). In 2009, Wes Malott rolled two 300 games in an ESPN broadcast of the King of Bowling series (a taped non-PBA Tour event featuring PBA players). Ryan Shafer, who earlier in his career tossed the PBA's 18th televised 300 in a PBA Tour event, also threw his second televised 300 game in a singles match at the Geico PBA Team Shootout, a non-title event broadcast on ESPN, July 2, 2011.

Female bowlers have also achieved perfection in front of a television audience. Ritsuko Nakayama of the Japan Professional Bowling Association became the first female to score a perfect game in front of a national television audience, doing so in Japan on August 21, 1970. Michelle Feldman of the now defunct Professional Women's Bowling Association became the first female to roll 300 on American national television, when she accomplished the feat in a 1997 Prime Sports broadcast. Cara Honeychurch and Liz Johnson bowled the second and third American 300 games - both in PWBA events. Since the PWBA shutdown, Wendy Macpherson and Takiko Naganawa have rolled 300-games on Japanese national television - both during JPBA events.

Andy Varipapa 300

Andy Varipapa joked about a 300-game being twelve strikes in a row spanning two games. Hence, the very result is named after the veteran bowler.

Back-to-back

75-year-old Will June, grandfather of Cato June, became the oldest player to bowl consecutive perfect games on August 31, 2010.

Perfect series

Main article: 900 Series

A 900 series, a three-game set with scores adding to 900, is a more difficult feat to achieve than bowling a single perfect game because it requires more consistency and careful attention to the subtle changes in the lane conditions from game to game. The first six 900 series reported, starting with PBA Hall of Famer Glenn Allison's in 1982, were all rejected by the USBC for various reasons – mostly due to improper lane conditions. Finally, in 1997, a 900 series was officially sanctioned by collegiate bowler Jeremy Sonnenfeld, rolled at Sun Valley Lanes in Lincoln, Nebraska. It was the first 900 series sanctioned by the USBC. Twelve perfect series were bowled in the ten-year period 1997-2008, and six were bowled in the two years 2009-2010. As of May 7, 2012, the USBC lists a total of 21 sanctioned 900 series by 20 different bowlers.

In fiction

The concept of a perfect bowling game has been regularly used in fiction for either suspenseful or comedic effect. For example:

• In a fourth season episode of Married... with Children, "Peggy Turns 300," Peggy bowls a perfect game immediately after Al breaks the record at their local alley.
• In one episode of The Flintstones, an invisible Barney helps Fred bowl a "perfect game" by knocking/kicking aside all the pins whenever Fred bowls the ball.
• In one episode of Malcolm in the Middle, Hal almost bowls a perfect game, but Malcolm accidentally gets caught in the pinsetter and is dropped onto the pins on the 12th roll. Although the computer claims that Hal bowled a perfect game (since Malcolm did knock all the pins over), the game is dismissed by the gathered crowd.
• In an episode of Hill Street Blues, the roll call sergeant had bowled a 300 game. After the bowling alley burned down, the sergeant was an arson suspect because his 300 was not league sanctioned.
• In The Simpsons episode "Hello Gutter, Hello Fadder", Homer bowls a perfect game in a parody of The Natural. Later, the baby Maggie also apparently bowls one.
• An episode of The Andy Griffith Show titled "Howard the Bowler" features a bowling match between Mayberry and neighboring Mt. Pilot. Howard is one strike away from a perfect game, only to have the lights go out due to a power overload. He has a day to think about it before he tries for the final strike. They make bets on him bowling a perfect game, and when he returns he gets two practice frames before making his final attempt. Both are gutter balls, so Andy gets the guys to relinquish the bets. With the pressure relieved, Howard makes the final strike for a perfect game.
• In a similar 2001 episode of the series According to Jim, Jim (James Belushi) bowls the first 11 strikes of a game when the power goes out at the bowling center. It is the day before Thanksgiving, and the proprietor tells Jim he cannot get credit for a 300 game (nor a photo on the center's "wall of fame") if he leaves and returns. Jim spends the night, and his wife, Cheryl (Courtney Thorne-Smith), surprises him by bringing Thanksgiving dinner to the bowling center while he waits for the power to return. Cheryl and Jim's family light the lane by placing candles in the gutters, and Jim rolls the final strike to complete the 300 game.
• In the Family Guy episode "Blind Ambition," Mort Goldman bowls a 300 game and becomes a local hero.

References

• USAToday.com article, Feb. 14, 2006

See also

• Elliot John Crosby - UK's youngest 300 shooter
• Chaz Dennis - US's youngest 300 shooter
• Golden Set in tennis
• Maximum break in snooker
• Nine dart finish in darts
• Perfect game in baseball