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* According to some sources, she was the daughter of an [[Albanian people|Albanian]] turned Turk.<ref>http://books.google.al/books?id=Cy0OAQAAMAAJ</ref> The Ottoman inscription (vakfiye) describes her as ''Hātun binti Abd-us-Samed (Daughter of Abd-us-Samed)'', which supports the widespread view that her father was an Albanian who had "turned Turk", that is converted to Islam and joined the Turkish [[Millet]]. ''Abd-us-Samed'', meaning ''Servant of God'', was the [[anonym]] that was applied to many Balkan and Anatolian Christians who converted to Islam in the classical Ottoman period.<ref name="ArchiveTurkey13"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enfal.de/otarih44.htm|title=Consorts Of Ottoman Sultans (in Turkish)|publisher = Ottoman Web Page}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Anthony Dolphin Alerson|title=The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty|url=http://books.google.com/books?u75BAAAAYAAJ|year=1956|publisher=Clarendon Press}}</ref>
* According to some sources, she was the daughter of an [[Albanian people|Albanian]] turned Turk.<ref>http://books.google.al/books?id=Cy0OAQAAMAAJ</ref> The Ottoman inscription (vakfiye) describes her as ''Hātun binti Abd-us-Samed (Daughter of Abd-us-Samed)'', which supports the widespread view that her father was an Albanian who had "turned Turk", that is converted to Islam and joined the Turkish [[Millet]]. ''Abd-us-Samed'', meaning ''Servant of God'', was the [[anonym]] that was applied to many Balkan and Anatolian Christians who converted to Islam in the classical Ottoman period.<ref name="ArchiveTurkey13"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enfal.de/otarih44.htm|title=Consorts Of Ottoman Sultans (in Turkish)|publisher = Ottoman Web Page}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Anthony Dolphin Alerson|title=The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty|url=http://books.google.com/books?u75BAAAAYAAJ|year=1956|publisher=Clarendon Press}}</ref>


* According to this origin (most sources have claimed that) she was the daughter of ''Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey'', the eleventh ruler of the [[Dulkadirids]] centered around [[Elbistan]] in ''[[Kahramanmaraş]]''. Her real name was Ayşe and was renamed Gülbahar after her marriage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/belge/2-1280/yavuz-sultan-selim-han.html|title=Yavuz Sultan Selim Han|accessdate=2009-02-06|
* According to the second theory (most sources have claimed that) she was the daughter of ''Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey'', the eleventh ruler of the [[Dulkadirids]] centered around [[Elbistan]] in ''[[Kahramanmaraş]]''. Her real name was Ayşe and was renamed Gülbahar after her marriage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/belge/2-1280/yavuz-sultan-selim-han.html|title=Yavuz Sultan Selim Han|accessdate=2009-02-06|
publisher=[[Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Turkey)|Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=
publisher=[[Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Turkey)|Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=
http://www.osmanli.org.tr/osmanlisultanlari-5-218.html|title=Mother Of Yavuz Sultan Selim|publisher=Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı ''(Ottoman Research Foundation)''}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Osmanlıdan Cumhuriyete Trabzonlu simalar ve Trabzon'un köklü aileleri|url=http://books.google.com/books?HYYXAQAAIAAJ|year=2005|publisher=Mehmet Akif Bal|isbn=978-9-750-04510-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Yakın Çağda Kahramanmaraş|url=http://books.google.com/books?ECpRAQAAIAAJ|year=2009|publisher=Ukde|isbn=978-6-055-60205-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Zamanın İskenderi şarkın Fatihi: Yavuz Sultan Selim|url=http://books.google.com/books?lA9NAQAAIAAJ|year=2010|publisher=Yitik Hazine Yayınları|isbn=978-9-944-76624-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=VII-XVI. asırlarda Maraş emirleri: emir, melik, bey, senyör, beylerbeyi, sancakbeyi|url=http://books.google.com/books?nq43AQAAIAAJ|year=2008|publisher=Ukde|isbn=978-6-058-99710-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Amasya|url=http://books.google.com/books?NjpIAAAAMAAJ|year=1997|publisher=Amasya Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Türk dünyası araştırmaları, Issue 153|url=http://books.google.com/books?NEBpAAAAMAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı}}</ref><ref name="leslie"/><ref>{{citation |last=Dijkema|first=F.TH|year=1977|title=The Ottoman Historical Monumental Inscriptions in Edirne|place=|publisher=BRILL|page=32|isbn=9004050620}}</ref>
http://www.osmanli.org.tr/osmanlisultanlari-5-218.html|title=Mother Of Yavuz Sultan Selim|publisher=Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı ''(Ottoman Research Foundation)''}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Türk dünyası araştırmaları, Issue 153|url=http://books.google.com/books?NEBpAAAAMAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı}}</ref><ref name="leslie"/><ref>{{citation |last=Dijkema|first=F.TH|year=1977|title=The Ottoman Historical Monumental Inscriptions in Edirne|place=|publisher=BRILL|page=32|isbn=9004050620}}</ref>


== Life ==
== Life ==

Revision as of 13:11, 1 November 2014

Gülbahar (Kül-Bahār) Hatun
گل بهار خاتون
The tomb of "Gülbahar Hatun" is located inside "Gülbahar Hatun Mosque" in Trabzon
Born
Ayşe (A'ishā)

c. 1453
Elbistan, Dulkadir Principality
Diedc. 1505
Trabzon, Ottoman Empire
Resting placeGülbahar Hatun Camii, Trabzon
Known forValide Sultan
SpouseBayezid II
ChildrenSelim I
ParentUndetermined

Gülbahar (Kül-Bahār) Hatun (Ottoman Turkish: گل بهار خاتون; c. 1453 – c. 1505[1]), also known as A'ishā (Ayşe) Khātun[2] was the fourth wife of Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II and the mother of Sultan Selim I of the Ottoman Empire.[3]

Entrance to Gülbahar Hatun Mosque, Trabzon, Turkey.
Dome of Gülbahar Hatun Mosque.
Courtyard of Gülbahar Hatun Mosque, Trabzon, Turkey.
Interior view of Gülbahar Hatun Mosque located in Trabzon, Turkey.
Wudu ("ablution") area of Gülbahar Hatun Mosque.

Origins

The theories of her background are:

  • According to some sources, she was the daughter of an Albanian turned Turk.[4] The Ottoman inscription (vakfiye) describes her as Hātun binti Abd-us-Samed (Daughter of Abd-us-Samed), which supports the widespread view that her father was an Albanian who had "turned Turk", that is converted to Islam and joined the Turkish Millet. Abd-us-Samed, meaning Servant of God, was the anonym that was applied to many Balkan and Anatolian Christians who converted to Islam in the classical Ottoman period.[1][5][6]
  • According to the second theory (most sources have claimed that) she was the daughter of Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey, the eleventh ruler of the Dulkadirids centered around Elbistan in Kahramanmaraş. Her real name was Ayşe and was renamed Gülbahar after her marriage.[7][8][9][10][11]

Life

Bayezid married her in 1469 at Amasya. When Bayezid was still a şehzade ("Ottoman prince") and the governor of Amasya sanjak when she gave birth to Selim I in 1470.[1] When Mehmed the Conqueror died in 1481, Bayezid moved to Constantinople, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, along with his family to ascend the throne.[1]

According to Turkish tradition, all princes were expected to work as provincial governors (Sanjak-bey) as a part of their training.[10] Mothers of princes were responsible for the proper behaviour of their sons in their provincial posts.[10] In 1495 was sent to Trabzon sanjak and Gülbahar accompanied him.[1]

However, she herself never became recognized as a Valide Sultan because she died in 1505 before Selim's accession to the sultanate.[12] Her tomb is located in Gülbahar Hatun Camii, Trabzon.[10] It was built in 1514 in honour of his mother and was restored in 1885.[13]

See also

Further reading

  • Peirce, Leslie P., The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire, Oxford University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-19-508677-5 (paperback).
  • Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2 (Hardcover).

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "Turkey: The Imperial House of Osman". web.archive.org. Retrieved 6 February 2014.
  2. ^ Yavuz Bahadıroğlu, Resimli Osmanlı Tarihi, Nesil Yayınları (Ottoman History with Illustrations, Nesil Publications), 15th Ed., 2009, page 157, ISBN 978-975-269-299-2
  3. ^ Ahmed Akgündüz, Said Öztürk (2011). Ottoman History: Misperceptions and Truths. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-9-090-26108-9.
  4. ^ http://books.google.al/books?id=Cy0OAQAAMAAJ
  5. ^ "Consorts Of Ottoman Sultans (in Turkish)". Ottoman Web Page.
  6. ^ Anthony Dolphin Alerson (1956). The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty. Clarendon Press.
  7. ^ "Yavuz Sultan Selim Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
  8. ^ "Mother Of Yavuz Sultan Selim". Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı (Ottoman Research Foundation). {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  9. ^ Türk dünyası araştırmaları, Issue 153. Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı. 2004.
  10. ^ a b c d Leslie P. Peirce (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press. pp. 106–107. ISBN 978-0-195-08677-5.
  11. ^ Dijkema, F.TH (1977), The Ottoman Historical Monumental Inscriptions in Edirne, BRILL, p. 32, ISBN 9004050620
  12. ^ Mausoleum of Gülbahar Hatun (Ayşe Hatun)
  13. ^ Description about Gülbahar Hatun (Ayşe Hatun) Mosque

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