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On November 20, 2014, seven officials of the Quezon City government were found guilty under the Philippines' anti-[[Graft (politics)|graft]] and corrupt practices law by the country's anti-[[Graft (politics)|graft]] court Sandiganbayan. They were held liable for negligence in connection with the approval of the building permit and issuance of certificates of occupancy for the company which owned Ozone. The club's owners were also found to be liable as well.
On November 20, 2014, seven officials of the Quezon City government were found guilty under the Philippines' anti-[[Graft (politics)|graft]] and corrupt practices law by the country's anti-[[Graft (politics)|graft]] court Sandiganbayan. They were held liable for negligence in connection with the approval of the building permit and issuance of certificates of occupancy for the company which owned Ozone. The club's owners were also found to be liable as well.


In March 2015, a week before the 19th anniversary of the tragedy, the Ozone Disco building was demolished, residents near the area said. The area is now a vacant lot. Relatives of the victims still visit the site.
In March 2015, a week before the 19th anniversary of the tragedy, the Ozone Disco building was demolished, residents near the area said. The area is now a vacant lot. Relatives of the victims still visit the site.{{fact}}


==In media==
==In media==

Revision as of 13:39, 11 November 2015

Ozone Disco fire
DateMarch 18, 1996
Timearound 11:35 pm Philippine Standard Time
LocationQuezon City, Philippines
Casualties
162 dead
95 injured
Worst fire in Philippine history

The Ozone Disco Club fire in Quezon City, Philippines broke out shortly before midnight at 11:35 pm Philippine Standard Time, March 18, 1996 (03:35 PM, March 17, 1996, GMT) leaving at least 162 people dead. It is officially acknowledged as the worst fire in Philippine history,[1][2] and among the 10 worst nightclub fires in the world.[3][4]

History

Ozone Disco, located along Timog Avenue corner Tomas Morato Avenue in Quezon City, was opened in 1991 by Segio Orgaoow.[5][6] Its building had previously housed a jazz club named "Birdland".[5] The disco was operated by Westwood Entertainment Company, Inc.[6][7]

Incident

The fire broke out just before midnight on March 18, 1996. At the time of the fire, it was estimated that there were around 350 patrons and 40 club employees inside Ozone Disco, though it had been approved for occupancy for only 35 persons.[1][7] Most of the club guests were high school and college students attending graduation or end-of-the-school-year celebrations.[8] Survivors reported seeing sparks flying inside the disc jockey's booth shortly after midnight, followed by smoke which they thought was part of the party plan of the DJ.[1][1] One of them added that within minutes, flames broke out, engulfing the place and caused the mezzanine's collapse.

Many of the bodies were discovered along the corridor leading to the only exit, piled up waist-high.[1] Quezon City officials were quoted as saying that the club's emergency exit was blocked by a new building next door,[1] and that there was no proper fire exit installed.[8] It was also reported that the exit had been locked from the outside by the club's security guards, who had thought that a riot had taken place.[7]

A 2008 photograph of the Ozone Disco building in Timog Avenue, Quezon City. The structure remained standing until 2015; it was never restored for commercial use and remained undisturbed until its demolition in March 2015.

Casualties

The final death count was reported as between 160[9] and 162 people, the latter being the figure cited by the trial court that heard the ensuing criminal case.[7] The death toll was one of the worst ever for a nightclub fire,[8] though it was subsequently surpassed by the República Cromagnon nightclub fire. In addition, at least 95 people were injured.[7]

Investigation and aftermath

Six people involved with Westwood Entertainment were tried before the courts for criminal charges of "reckless imprudence resulting in multiple homicide and multiple serious injuries".[7][9] On March 16, 2001, the president of Westwood Entertainment, Hermilo Ocampo, and the corporation's treasurer, Ramon Ng, were found guilty by a Quezon City trial court and sentenced to a four-year prison term, and fined 25 million pesos each.[7][9] They and their co-accused (who were acquitted) were also ordered to indemnify the families of the deceased 150,000 pesos, and 100,000 pesos to the injured. The trial court concluded that Ocampo and Ng failed to provide fire exits and sprinklers inside the establishment, that the fire extinguishers they placed were defective, and that the lone exit was through a small door that swung inward and did not meet the standard set by the building code.[7] A former employee who was among the survivors of the fire has claimed that the inward swinging doors were installed because it was good feng shui.[10]

In November 2001, twelve officials of the Quezon City government were charged before the Sandiganbayan for reckless imprudence resulting in multiple homicides and multiple serious injuries. They were accused of allowing Ozone Disco to secure a certificate of annual inspection in 1995 "despite the inadequacy, insufficiency and impropriety of the documents submitted by the owners."[9] In 2007, one of the twelve — the former city engineer and building official of Quezon City, Alfredo Macapugay — was discharged from criminal and civil liability after the Sandiganbayan concluded that he had no hand in the issuance of the necessary permits to Ozone Disco management.[11]

As of 2008, the structure which housed the Ozone Disco remained standing in Timog Avenue, Quezon City, though the site has not been commercially used since then.[12] For a few years after the incident there was a makeshift memorial on the site featuring photographs of the victims. This has since been dismantled, and no marker or official memorial commemorates the incident or its victims.

On November 20, 2014, seven officials of the Quezon City government were found guilty under the Philippines' anti-graft and corrupt practices law by the country's anti-graft court Sandiganbayan. They were held liable for negligence in connection with the approval of the building permit and issuance of certificates of occupancy for the company which owned Ozone. The club's owners were also found to be liable as well.

In March 2015, a week before the 19th anniversary of the tragedy, the Ozone Disco building was demolished, residents near the area said. The area is now a vacant lot. Relatives of the victims still visit the site.[citation needed]

In media

The October 2, 2008 episode of the GMA Network public affairs show Case Unclosed featured the Ozone Disco fire and its aftermath. The episode was directed by Adolfo Alix, Jr..[13][14][15][16] 2 days before the showing of this episode, September 30, 2008, Quezon City Mayor Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. released an ordinance that warns the owners of entertainment establishments to use swing-in/swing-out doors.[16]

The incident was featured in fantasy-horror TV show (also in GMA Network) named "Lihim ng Gabi" in December 1996.[citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Associated Press (1996-03-20). "Disco in Manila, for 35 People, Held 400". New York Times Online. New York Times. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
  2. ^ Esteban, P/Supt. Romulo; Col. Danilo Fabian (June 3–4, 2004). "THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM". Philippine Center on Transnational Crime. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
  3. ^ Press, Associated. "A look at deadly nightclub fires." Washington Times. 27 January 2013
  4. ^ "What went before : Ozone disco is No.6 in deadliest nightclub fires." Philippine Daily Inquirer. 29 January 2013
  5. ^ a b Ducky Paredes (1996-03-22). "The Fire in the Ozone" (DOC). Ducky Paredes:Columns from Malaya and Abante. Malaya. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
  6. ^ a b Philippine Court of Appeals (2005-10-25). "Chua v. Pua, CA-G.R. CV No. 80583" (PDF). Supreme Court of the Philippines. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Vanzi, Sol Jose (2001-03-12). "LIGHT SENTENCES FOR OZONE DISCO OWNERS". Newsflash. Philippine Headline News Online. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
  8. ^ a b c Associated Press (1996-03-19). "At Least 150 Are Killed in Disco Fire in Manila". New York Times Online. New York Times. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
  9. ^ a b c d "What went before". Inquirer.net. Philippine Daily Inquirer. 2007-08-23. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
  10. ^ Jaymee T. Gamil. "Nightclub door that trapped fire victims supposedly 'good feng shui'". inquirer.net. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
  11. ^ Uy, Jocelyn (2007-08-22). "Ex-city engineer cleared in Ozone case". Inquirer.net. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
  12. ^ Johanna Sampan (2008-03-18). "Ozone Disco tragedy remembered". Manila Times. Archived from the original on 2008-04-02. Retrieved 2008-05-02.
  13. ^ Case Unclosed: Alaala ng Ozone (Part 1 of 4). youtube.com. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
  14. ^ Kara David "case unclosed". Case Unclosed: Alaala ng Ozone (Part 2 of 4). 6 October 2008. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
  15. ^ Case Unclosed: Alaala ng Ozone (Part 3 of 4). youtube.com. Retrieved 16 May 2015.
  16. ^ a b Case Unclosed: Alaala ng Ozone (Part 4 of 4). youtube.com. Retrieved 16 May 2015.

14°38′06″N 121°02′09″E / 14.634865°N 121.035867°E / 14.634865; 121.035867

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