Hypopyon: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 13:02, 25 August 2016
 | This article may require copy editing for General grammar fixes. (July 2016) |
| Hypopyon | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Ophthalmology  |
Hypopyon is the medical condition consisting of inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber of the eye.
It is a leukocyte exudation, seen in the anterior chamber, usually accompanied by redness of the conjunctiva and the underlying episclera. It is a sign of inflammation of the anterior uvea and iris, i.e. iritis, which is a form of anterior uveitis. The exudation setts at the dependent aspect of the eye due to gravity.
Differential diagnosis
Hypopyon can also be present in a corneal ulcer, particularly of fungal etiology like Aspergillus and Fusarium sp., Behcet's disease, endophthalmitis, uveitis/panophthalmitis, and adverse reactions to some drugs (such as Rifabutin).[1] Hypopyon is also known as sterile pus, as it occurs due to the release of toxins and not by the actual invasion of pathogens. The toxins secreted by the pathogens mediate the outpouring of leukocytes that settle down in the anterior chamber of the eye. Hypopyon is the only pus in the body that does not require any specific treatment as treatment of the underlying cause results in its resolution. An inverse hypopyon must be differentiated from a standard hypopyon. Inverse hypopyon is seen after a pars plana hysterectomy with an insertion of silicone oil (as a replacement of the vitreous humour that has been removed in the operation; the silicone oil maintains internal tamponade). When the silicone oil emulsifies, it see0ps into the anterior chamber and settles at the top of the anterior chamber. Compare from the hypopyon resulting due to the toxins where the leukocytes settle at the bottom of the anterior chamber. This is due to the effect of gravity, hence the name inverse hypopyon.
Treatment
- You should never attempt to drain a hypopyon as it offers protection against the invading pathogen due to the presence of white blood cells; but long-standing hypopyon can cause close-angle glaucoma and anterior synechiae.[citation needed][tone]
See also
References
- ^ Huang, John H.; Gaudio, Paul A., eds. (2010). "Hypopyon". Ocular Inflammatory Disease and Uveitis: Diagnosis and Treatment. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 204.
- Gonzalez-Granado LI. Aspergillus endophthalmitis: Pars plana vitrectomy is an alternative Indian J Med Sci 2009;63(8):366-367. doi:10.4103/0019-5359.55892 most of the time without proper medical care patients end up with blindness.