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'''Australian Crawl''' (often called '''Aussie Crawl''' or '''The Crawl''' by fans) were an [[Australia]]n [[Rock music|rock]] band founded by [[James Reyne]] ([[vocal|lead vocal]]s/[[piano]]), [[Brad Robinson (Australian musician)|Brad Robinson]] ([[rhythm guitar]]), [[Paul Williams (Australian musician)|Paul Williams]] ([[Bass (guitar)|bass]]), [[Simon Binks]] ([[lead guitar]]) and [[David Reyne]] ([[drum]]s) in 1978.<ref name="McF">{{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of Australian Rock and Pop |url=http://www.whammo.com.au/encyclopedia.asp?articleid=49|last=McFarlane |first=Ian |authorlink= Ian McFarlane |publisher=[[Allen & Unwin]] |year=1999 |isbn=1-86448-768-2 |accessdate=8 February 2010 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20040803073711/http://www.whammo.com.au/encyclopedia.asp?articleid=49 |archivedate= 3 August 2004}}</ref> David Reyne soon left and was replaced by [[Bill McDonough (Australian musician)|Bill McDonough]] (drums, [[percussion]]).<ref name="OzRockDb">{{cite web|url=http://hem.passagen.se/honga/database/a/australiancrawl.html |publisher=[[Australian Rock Database]] |title=Australian Crawl discography |editor=Magnus Holmgren |accessdate=1 March 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209202520/http://hem.passagen.se/honga/database/a/australiancrawl.html |archivedate=9 February 2008 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }}</ref> They were later joined by his brother [[Guy McDonough]] (vocals, rhythm guitar).<ref name="OzRockDb"/> The band was named after the [[front crawl]] swimming style also known as the Australian crawl.<ref name="McF"/>
'''Australian Crawl''' (often called '''Aussie Crawl''' or '''The Crawl''' by fans) were an [[Australia]]n [[Rock music|rock]] band founded by [[James Reyne]] ([[vocal|lead vocal]]s/[[piano]]), [[Brad Robinson (Australian musician)|Brad Robinson]] ([[rhythm guitar]]), [[Paul Williams (Australian musician)|Paul Williams]] ([[Bass (guitar)|bass]]), [[Simon Binks]] ([[lead guitar]]) and [[David Reyne]] ([[drum]]s) in 1978.<ref name="McF">{{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of Australian Rock and Pop |url=http://www.whammo.com.au/encyclopedia.asp?articleid=49|last=McFarlane |first=Ian |authorlink= Ian McFarlane |publisher=[[Allen & Unwin]] |year=1999 |isbn=1-86448-768-2 |accessdate=8 February 2010 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20040803073711/http://www.whammo.com.au/encyclopedia.asp?articleid=49 |archivedate= 3 August 2004}}</ref> David Reyne soon left and was replaced by [[Bill McDonough (Australian musician)|Bill McDonough]] (drums, [[percussion]]).<ref name="OzRockDb">{{cite web|url=http://hem.passagen.se/honga/database/a/australiancrawl.html |publisher=[[Australian Rock Database]] |title=Australian Crawl discography |editor=Magnus Holmgren |accessdate=1 March 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209202520/http://hem.passagen.se/honga/database/a/australiancrawl.html |archivedate=9 February 2008 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }}</ref> They were later joined by his brother [[Guy McDonough]] (vocals, rhythm guitar).<ref name="OzRockDb"/> The band was named after the [[front crawl]] swimming style also known as the Australian crawl.<ref name="McF"/>


Australian Crawl were associated with [[surf music]]<ref name="AMG">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p15545/biography|pure_url=yes}} |title=Allmusic article on Australian Crawl |last=Mureika |first=Tomas |publisher=[[Allmusic]] |accessdate=2 March 2008 }}</ref><ref name="Howl">{{cite web |title=Australian Crawl |archiveurl=http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/14231/20120727-0512/www.howlspace.com.au/en/australiancrawl/australiancrawl.htm |url=http://www.whiteroom.com.au/howlspace/en/australiancrawl/australiancrawl.htm |publisher=Howlspace (Ed Nimmervoll) |last=Nimmervoll |first=Ed |authorlink=Ed Nimmervoll |archivedate=27 July 2012 |accessdate=23 January 2014 }}</ref> and sponsored a surfing competition in 1984.<ref name="MemTV">{{cite web |url=http://www.memorabletv.com/musicworld/ozrock/atob.htm |title=Memorable TV Oz Rock: Australian Crawl entry |publisher=Memorable TV / Little Acorns Publishing |accessdate=2 March 2008 }}</ref> However, they also handled broader social issues such as shallow materialism, alcoholism, car accidents, and cautionary tales of romance.<ref name="AMG"/>
Australian Crawl were associated with [[surf music]]<ref name="AMG">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p15545/biography|pure_url=yes}} |title=Allmusic article on Australian Crawl |last=Mureika |first=Tomas |publisher=[[Allmusic]] |accessdate=2 March 2008 }}</ref><ref name="Howl">{{cite web |title=Australian Crawl |archiveurl=http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/14231/20120727-0512/www.howlspace.com.au/en/australiancrawl/australiancrawl.htm |url=http://www.whiteroom.com.au/howlspace/en/australiancrawl/australiancrawl.htm |publisher=Howlspace (Ed Nimmervoll) |last=Nimmervoll |first=Ed |authorlink=Ed Nimmervoll |archivedate=27 July 2012 |accessdate=23 January 2014 }}</ref> and sponsored a surfing competition in 1984.<ref name="MemTV">{{cite web|url=http://www.memorabletv.com/musicworld/ozrock/atob.htm |title=Memorable TV Oz Rock: Australian Crawl entry |publisher=Memorable TV / Little Acorns Publishing |accessdate=2 March 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517031746/http://www.memorabletv.com/musicworld/ozrock/atob.htm |archivedate=17 May 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref> However, they also handled broader social issues such as shallow materialism, alcoholism, car accidents, and cautionary tales of romance.<ref name="AMG"/>


After their 1980 debut album, ''[[The Boys Light Up]]'' reached No. 4, Australian Crawl had two No. 1 albums; 1981's ''[[Sirocco (album)|Sirocco]]'' and 1982's ''[[Sons of Beaches]]''.<ref name="McF"/> Their early singles reached the top 25 but none broke into the Top Ten;<ref name="McF"/> their best performing single was No. 1 hit "[[Reckless (Australian Crawl song)|Reckless]]" which showed a more mature approach than earlier hits, and came from their 1983 ''[[Semantics (album)|Semantics]]'' [[Extended play|EP]].<ref name="McF"/>
After their 1980 debut album, ''[[The Boys Light Up]]'' reached No. 4, Australian Crawl had two No. 1 albums; 1981's ''[[Sirocco (album)|Sirocco]]'' and 1982's ''[[Sons of Beaches]]''.<ref name="McF"/> Their early singles reached the top 25 but none broke into the Top Ten;<ref name="McF"/> their best performing single was No. 1 hit "[[Reckless (Australian Crawl song)|Reckless]]" which showed a more mature approach than earlier hits, and came from their 1983 ''[[Semantics (album)|Semantics]]'' [[Extended play|EP]].<ref name="McF"/>
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Once the band’s escalating popularity brought them into Melbourne they caught the attention of [[Little River Band]]’s guitarist [[David Briggs (Australian musician)|David Briggs]], who helped them gain a recording contract with [[EMI]] and he produced their first single.<ref name="McF"/><ref name="Nostaglia"/> "[[Beautiful People (Australian Crawl song)|Beautiful People]]" (1979) reached No. 22 on the National charts.<ref name="Kent">{{cite book|title=[[Kent Music Report|Australian Chart Book 1970–1992]]|last=Kent|first=David|authorlink= David Kent (historian)|publisher=Australian Chart Book|location=[[St Ives, New South Wales|St Ives]], N.S.W.|year=1993|isbn=0-646-11917-6 }}</ref> Reyne had co-written the song with guitarist Mark Hudson in 1975.<ref name="APRA">{{cite web|url=http://www.apra.com.au/cms/worksearch/worksearch.srvlt?action=workSearch&switchDet=Y |title=Australasian Performing Right Association |publisher=[[Australasian Performing Right Association|APRA]] |accessdate=19 March 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505235657/http://www.apra.com.au/cms/worksearch/worksearch.srvlt?action=workSearch&switchDet=Y |archivedate=5 May 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref> The track included references to the shallow materialism of residents of [[Toorak, Victoria|Toorak]]<ref name="McF"/> and to the [[Bombay Rock]] night club in [[Brunswick, Victoria|Brunswick]].<ref name="MelbSongs"/>
Once the band’s escalating popularity brought them into Melbourne they caught the attention of [[Little River Band]]’s guitarist [[David Briggs (Australian musician)|David Briggs]], who helped them gain a recording contract with [[EMI]] and he produced their first single.<ref name="McF"/><ref name="Nostaglia"/> "[[Beautiful People (Australian Crawl song)|Beautiful People]]" (1979) reached No. 22 on the National charts.<ref name="Kent">{{cite book|title=[[Kent Music Report|Australian Chart Book 1970–1992]]|last=Kent|first=David|authorlink= David Kent (historian)|publisher=Australian Chart Book|location=[[St Ives, New South Wales|St Ives]], N.S.W.|year=1993|isbn=0-646-11917-6 }}</ref> Reyne had co-written the song with guitarist Mark Hudson in 1975.<ref name="APRA">{{cite web|url=http://www.apra.com.au/cms/worksearch/worksearch.srvlt?action=workSearch&switchDet=Y |title=Australasian Performing Right Association |publisher=[[Australasian Performing Right Association|APRA]] |accessdate=19 March 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505235657/http://www.apra.com.au/cms/worksearch/worksearch.srvlt?action=workSearch&switchDet=Y |archivedate=5 May 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref> The track included references to the shallow materialism of residents of [[Toorak, Victoria|Toorak]]<ref name="McF"/> and to the [[Bombay Rock]] night club in [[Brunswick, Victoria|Brunswick]].<ref name="MelbSongs"/>


Just days before recording "Beautiful People" Reyne had been hit by a car in [[Swanston Street, Melbourne]], breaking bones in both wrists,<ref name="Nostaglia" /> an episode later chronicled in the track "Indisposed".<ref name="McF"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.countdown.com.au/the_music.asp?Page=&ArtistID=28 |title=Countdown Club entry on Australian Crawl |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] |accessdate=2 March 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080219060910/http://www.countdown.com.au/the_music.asp?Page=&amp;ArtistID=28 |archivedate=19 February 2008 |deadurl=no |df=dmy }}</ref> Australian Crawl made one of the most memorable debuts on [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] (ABC) TV series ''[[Countdown (Australian TV series)|Countdown]]'' performing "Beautiful People" as Reyne still had ''both arms encased in plaster''.<ref name="McF"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.countdown.com.au/the_music.asp?ArtistID=28 |title=Australian Crawl |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] |accessdate=29 March 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070829065259/http://www.countdown.com.au/the_music.asp?ArtistID=28 |archivedate=29 August 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=http://nla.gov.au/anbd.bib-an41896781 |title=Molly Meldrum presents 50 years of rock in Australia |last=Jenkins |first=Jeff |author2=[[Ian Meldrum]] |year=2007 |publisher=Wilkinson Publishing |location=Melbourne |isbn=978-1-921332-11-1 |accessdate=24 April 2008 }}</ref> "Beautiful People" remains one of their most popular songs according to listeners of [[Triple M]] in 2007.<ref name="TripleM">{{cite web |url=http://www.triplem.com.au/melbourne/music/2007countdown/the_countdown.html |title=Triple M's Essential 2007 Countdown |publisher=Triple M |accessdate=2 March 2008 }}</ref>
Just days before recording "Beautiful People" Reyne had been hit by a car in [[Swanston Street, Melbourne]], breaking bones in both wrists,<ref name="Nostaglia" /> an episode later chronicled in the track "Indisposed".<ref name="McF"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.countdown.com.au/the_music.asp?Page=&ArtistID=28 |title=Countdown Club entry on Australian Crawl |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] |accessdate=2 March 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080219060910/http://www.countdown.com.au/the_music.asp?Page=&amp;ArtistID=28 |archivedate=19 February 2008 |deadurl=no |df=dmy }}</ref> Australian Crawl made one of the most memorable debuts on [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] (ABC) TV series ''[[Countdown (Australian TV series)|Countdown]]'' performing "Beautiful People" as Reyne still had ''both arms encased in plaster''.<ref name="McF"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.countdown.com.au/the_music.asp?ArtistID=28 |title=Australian Crawl |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] |accessdate=29 March 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070829065259/http://www.countdown.com.au/the_music.asp?ArtistID=28 |archivedate=29 August 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=http://nla.gov.au/anbd.bib-an41896781 |title=Molly Meldrum presents 50 years of rock in Australia |last=Jenkins |first=Jeff |author2=[[Ian Meldrum]] |year=2007 |publisher=Wilkinson Publishing |location=Melbourne |isbn=978-1-921332-11-1 |accessdate=24 April 2008 }}</ref> "Beautiful People" remains one of their most popular songs according to listeners of [[Triple M]] in 2007.<ref name="TripleM">{{cite web|url=http://www.triplem.com.au/melbourne/music/2007countdown/the_countdown.html |title=Triple M's Essential 2007 Countdown |publisher=Triple M |accessdate=2 March 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120152401/http://www.triplem.com.au/melbourne/music/2007countdown/the_countdown.html |archivedate=20 November 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref>


===1980" ''The Boys Light Up''===
===1980" ''The Boys Light Up''===
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===1986-1995: Solo careers===
===1986-1995: Solo careers===
{{main|James Reyne|Brad Robinson (Australian musician)|Simon Binks|}}
{{main|James Reyne|Brad Robinson (Australian musician)|Simon Binks|}}
In 1985, Lin Buckfield (Electric Pandas)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/tv/spicksandspecks/txt/s1964342.htm |title=Spicks and Specks Episode Twenty Two |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] |accessdate=5 April 2008 }}</ref> and Reyne released a duet single "R.O.C.K." / "Under My Thumb".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://rateyourmusic.com/release/single/lin_buckfield_and_james_reyne/r_o_c_k___under_my_thumb/ |title="R.O.C.K." / "Under My Thumb" |publisher=Rate Your Music |accessdate=5 April 2008 }}</ref> After Australian Crawl disbanded, Reyne went on to a solo career. His first few singles failed to chart but 1987's "Fall of Rome" and the self-titled album that followed were the beginning of a string of hits that lasted until the early 1990s. In 1992 he and [[James Blundell (singer)|James Blundell]] had a hit with a cover of [[The Dingoes]]' "Way Out West" (#2, May 1992).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=James+Blundell+and+James+Reyne&titel=Way+Out+West&cat=s |title=Australian Charts – "Way Out West" |publisher=australian-charts.com |accessdate=28 April 2008}}</ref> Reyne also formed Company of Strangers that year with former [[Sherbet (band)|Sherbet]] lead singer [[Daryl Braithwaite]], [[Simon Hussey]] and Jef Scott. Company of Strangers only released one self-titled album, [[Company of Strangers (Company of Strangers album)|Company of Strangers]] in 1992, which produced the hits "Motor City (I Get Lost)" (#26, September 1992), "Sweet Love" (#21, January 1993) and "Daddy's Gonna Make You a Star" (#35, March 1993).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Company+Of+Strangers&titel=Daddy%27s+Gonna+Make+You+A+Star%21&cat=s# |title=Australian Charts – 'Company of Strangers' |publisher=australian-charts.com |accessdate=28 April 2008}}</ref>
In 1985, Lin Buckfield (Electric Pandas)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/tv/spicksandspecks/txt/s1964342.htm |title=Spicks and Specks Episode Twenty Two |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]] |accessdate=5 April 2008 }}</ref> and Reyne released a duet single "R.O.C.K." / "Under My Thumb".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://rateyourmusic.com/release/single/lin_buckfield_and_james_reyne/r_o_c_k___under_my_thumb/ |title="R.O.C.K." / "Under My Thumb" |publisher=Rate Your Music |accessdate=5 April 2008 }}</ref> After Australian Crawl disbanded, Reyne went on to a solo career. His first few singles failed to chart but 1987's "Fall of Rome" and the self-titled album that followed were the beginning of a string of hits that lasted until the early 1990s. In 1992 he and [[James Blundell (singer)|James Blundell]] had a hit with a cover of [[The Dingoes]]' "Way Out West" (#2, May 1992).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=James+Blundell+and+James+Reyne&titel=Way+Out+West&cat=s |title=Australian Charts – "Way Out West" |publisher=australian-charts.com |accessdate=28 April 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020194722/http://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=James+Blundell+and+James+Reyne&titel=Way+Out+West&cat=s |archivedate=20 October 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref> Reyne also formed Company of Strangers that year with former [[Sherbet (band)|Sherbet]] lead singer [[Daryl Braithwaite]], [[Simon Hussey]] and Jef Scott. Company of Strangers only released one self-titled album, [[Company of Strangers (Company of Strangers album)|Company of Strangers]] in 1992, which produced the hits "Motor City (I Get Lost)" (#26, September 1992), "Sweet Love" (#21, January 1993) and "Daddy's Gonna Make You a Star" (#35, March 1993).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Company+Of+Strangers&titel=Daddy%27s+Gonna+Make+You+A+Star%21&cat=s# |title=Australian Charts – 'Company of Strangers' |publisher=australian-charts.com |accessdate=28 April 2008}}</ref>


In 1993 Reyne appeared as [[Tina Turner]]'s manager [[Roger Davies (manager)|Roger Davies]] in ''[[What's Love Got to Do with It (film)|What's Love Got to do With It?]]''.<ref name="McF"/><ref name="IMDbJames"/> He featured in twelve episodes of ''[[State Coroner (TV series)|State Coroner]]'' during 1998 and in 2003's ''[[The Postcard Bandit (film)|The Postcard Bandit]]''.<ref name="IMDbJames"/> Reyne lives on the Mornington Peninsula with his partner, Tina, and a daughter.<ref name="Wilmoth">{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/music/home-james/2007/06/07/1181089236518.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap1 |title=Home, James |last=Wilmoth |first=Peter |date=10 June 2007 |publisher=''The Age'' |accessdate=5 March 2008 }}</ref> He has released his eighth solo studio album, ''Every Man a King'' (2007) and still performs occasionally.<ref name="Wilmoth"/>
In 1993 Reyne appeared as [[Tina Turner]]'s manager [[Roger Davies (manager)|Roger Davies]] in ''[[What's Love Got to Do with It (film)|What's Love Got to do With It?]]''.<ref name="McF"/><ref name="IMDbJames"/> He featured in twelve episodes of ''[[State Coroner (TV series)|State Coroner]]'' during 1998 and in 2003's ''[[The Postcard Bandit (film)|The Postcard Bandit]]''.<ref name="IMDbJames"/> Reyne lives on the Mornington Peninsula with his partner, Tina, and a daughter.<ref name="Wilmoth">{{cite news |url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/music/home-james/2007/06/07/1181089236518.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap1 |title=Home, James |last=Wilmoth |first=Peter |date=10 June 2007 |publisher=''The Age'' |accessdate=5 March 2008 }}</ref> He has released his eighth solo studio album, ''Every Man a King'' (2007) and still performs occasionally.<ref name="Wilmoth"/>


Almost immediately after the split Robinson became manager of [[Chantoozies]] (with early Crawl drummer David Reyne).<ref name="OzRockDb"/> Their first single, "[[The Witch Queen of New Orleans]]" (1986), a cover of [[Redbone (band)|Redbone]]'s song, reached No. 4 on the National charts.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Memorable TV |url=http://www.memorabletv.com/musicworld/ozrock/ctod.htm |title=Memorable TV entry on The Chantoozies |accessdate=5 March 2008 }}</ref> Robinson then moved into a career in television (with [[Network Ten]]'s ''[[Page One (TV series)|Page One]]'') and as a co-producer of documentaries. In the 1990s he became the manager for the Reyne brothers and worked as an agent for the Advantage Sports Management Group. This included managing Australian tennis player [[Mark Philippoussis]].<ref name="OzTennis"/> Three years after being diagnosed with [[lymphoma]], Robinson died on 13 October 1996.<ref name="McF"/><ref name="OzTennis"/>
Almost immediately after the split Robinson became manager of [[Chantoozies]] (with early Crawl drummer David Reyne).<ref name="OzRockDb"/> Their first single, "[[The Witch Queen of New Orleans]]" (1986), a cover of [[Redbone (band)|Redbone]]'s song, reached No. 4 on the National charts.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Memorable TV |url=http://www.memorabletv.com/musicworld/ozrock/ctod.htm |title=Memorable TV entry on The Chantoozies |accessdate=5 March 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517031157/http://www.memorabletv.com/musicworld/ozrock/ctod.htm |archivedate=17 May 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref> Robinson then moved into a career in television (with [[Network Ten]]'s ''[[Page One (TV series)|Page One]]'') and as a co-producer of documentaries. In the 1990s he became the manager for the Reyne brothers and worked as an agent for the Advantage Sports Management Group. This included managing Australian tennis player [[Mark Philippoussis]].<ref name="OzTennis"/> Three years after being diagnosed with [[lymphoma]], Robinson died on 13 October 1996.<ref name="McF"/><ref name="OzTennis"/>


Binks played in the [[Broderick Smith|Broderick Smith Band]] in 1988.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://hem.passagen.se/honga/database/s/smithbroderick.html |title=Australian Rock Database entry on Broderick Smith |publisher=Magnus Holmgren |accessdate=5 March 2008 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080219211843/http://hem.passagen.se/honga/database/s/smithbroderick.html| archivedate= 19 February 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> He was injured in a 1995 car crash at a council roadworks that left him slightly brain-damaged.<ref name="SMH">{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/rocker-gets-330000-for-drunken-crash/2006/05/25/1148519306191.html |title=Rocker gets $330,000 for drunken crash |last=Wallace |first=Natasha |author2= David Braithwaite |date=26 May 2006 |publisher=''The Sydney Morning Herald'' |accessdate=3 April 2008 }}</ref> A court in 2006 awarded him $330,253 in damages, down from an estimated $750,000 because he was said to be over the legal limit.<ref name="SMH"/> Binks later disputed the alcohol reading as belonging to another driver and stated the remuneration mostly went to his lawyers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.news.com.au/index.php/news/comments/newsdesk_update_guitarist_wins_compo_claim |title=Guitarist wins compo claim |last=Temple |first=Will |date=26 May 2005 |publisher=news.com.au |accessdate=5 March 2008 }}</ref> A 2007 appeal by the council, saw amount awarded further reduced to $304,750.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=91517 |title=Less damages for Australian Crawl member |publisher=''National Nine News'' |date=18 September 2007 |accessdate=9 April 2008 }}</ref>
Binks played in the [[Broderick Smith|Broderick Smith Band]] in 1988.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hem.passagen.se/honga/database/s/smithbroderick.html |title=Australian Rock Database entry on Broderick Smith |publisher=Magnus Holmgren |accessdate=5 March 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080219211843/http://hem.passagen.se/honga/database/s/smithbroderick.html |archivedate=19 February 2008 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }}</ref> He was injured in a 1995 car crash at a council roadworks that left him slightly brain-damaged.<ref name="SMH">{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/rocker-gets-330000-for-drunken-crash/2006/05/25/1148519306191.html |title=Rocker gets $330,000 for drunken crash |last=Wallace |first=Natasha |author2= David Braithwaite |date=26 May 2006 |publisher=''The Sydney Morning Herald'' |accessdate=3 April 2008 }}</ref> A court in 2006 awarded him $330,253 in damages, down from an estimated $750,000 because he was said to be over the legal limit.<ref name="SMH"/> Binks later disputed the alcohol reading as belonging to another driver and stated the remuneration mostly went to his lawyers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.news.com.au/index.php/news/comments/newsdesk_update_guitarist_wins_compo_claim |title=Guitarist wins compo claim |last=Temple |first=Will |date=26 May 2005 |publisher=news.com.au |accessdate=5 March 2008 }}</ref> A 2007 appeal by the council, saw amount awarded further reduced to $304,750.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=91517 |title=Less damages for Australian Crawl member |publisher=''National Nine News'' |date=18 September 2007 |accessdate=9 April 2008 }}</ref>
Williams who had left the band in 1985, was working in music-related retail.<ref name="Wilmoth"/>
Williams who had left the band in 1985, was working in music-related retail.<ref name="Wilmoth"/>


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Additional compilation albums were released; ''[[More Wharf]]'' in 1998, ''[[Reckless: 1979–1995]]'' in 2000 and ''[[The Definitive Collection (Australian Crawl & James Reyne album)|The Definitive Collection]]'' in 2002. ''The Definitive Collection'' contained songs from the band and from James Reyne's solo career.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heraldsunhit.com.au/product/definitive_collection_458081_164621.html |title=Definitive Collection |publisher=[[Sun Herald]] |accessdate=18 March 2008}}</ref>
Additional compilation albums were released; ''[[More Wharf]]'' in 1998, ''[[Reckless: 1979–1995]]'' in 2000 and ''[[The Definitive Collection (Australian Crawl & James Reyne album)|The Definitive Collection]]'' in 2002. ''The Definitive Collection'' contained songs from the band and from James Reyne's solo career.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.heraldsunhit.com.au/product/definitive_collection_458081_164621.html |title=Definitive Collection |publisher=[[Sun Herald]] |accessdate=18 March 2008}}</ref>


In 2001, as part of its 75th Anniversary celebrations, the Australian Performing Right Association (APRA) compiled a list of the Top 30 Australian songs, with "[[Reckless (Australian Crawl song)|Reckless (Don't Be So)]]" coming in at number nineteen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.debbiekruger.com/pdfs/aprathirty.pdf |title=The songs that resonate through theyears: Industry votes for Top 30 Australian songs |publisher=APRA |last=Kruger |first=Debbie |date=2 May 2001 |accessdate=28 April 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080517070044/http://www.debbiekruger.com/pdfs/aprathirty.pdf| archivedate= 17 May 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://rateyourmusic.com/list/Pinko/apras_30_best_australian_songs_of_all_time__2001_ |title=APRA's 30 Best Australian Songs of All Time (2001) |publisher=Rate Your Music |accessdate=28 April 2008}}</ref>
In 2001, as part of its 75th Anniversary celebrations, the Australian Performing Right Association (APRA) compiled a list of the Top 30 Australian songs, with "[[Reckless (Australian Crawl song)|Reckless (Don't Be So)]]" coming in at number nineteen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.debbiekruger.com/pdfs/aprathirty.pdf |title=The songs that resonate through theyears: Industry votes for Top 30 Australian songs |publisher=APRA |last=Kruger |first=Debbie |date=2 May 2001 |accessdate=28 April 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517070044/http://www.debbiekruger.com/pdfs/aprathirty.pdf |archivedate=17 May 2008 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://rateyourmusic.com/list/Pinko/apras_30_best_australian_songs_of_all_time__2001_ |title=APRA's 30 Best Australian Songs of All Time (2001) |publisher=Rate Your Music |accessdate=28 April 2008}}</ref>


In October 2007, eleven Australian Crawl tracks were featured in the [[Triple M]] Essential 2007 Countdown of songs (positions are voted by listeners out of the best 2007 songs of all time).<ref name="TripleM"/> They were "Hoochie Gucci Fioruci Mama" #1673; "Lakeside" #1354; "Indisposed" #956; "Downhearted" #728; "Oh No Not You Again" #587; "Shut Down" #415; "[[Things Don't Seem]]" #371; "Boys Light Up" #305; "Errol" #227; "Beautiful People" #153; and "Reckless" #39.<ref name="TripleM"/>
In October 2007, eleven Australian Crawl tracks were featured in the [[Triple M]] Essential 2007 Countdown of songs (positions are voted by listeners out of the best 2007 songs of all time).<ref name="TripleM"/> They were "Hoochie Gucci Fioruci Mama" #1673; "Lakeside" #1354; "Indisposed" #956; "Downhearted" #728; "Oh No Not You Again" #587; "Shut Down" #415; "[[Things Don't Seem]]" #371; "Boys Light Up" #305; "Errol" #227; "Beautiful People" #153; and "Reckless" #39.<ref name="TripleM"/>

Revision as of 21:51, 11 November 2016

For the swimming style, see front crawl.

Australian Crawl
Four males holding guitars, a fifth male at centre holds microphone stand.
Australian Crawl live
Background information
Also known asClutch Cargo
OriginMornington Peninsula, Victoria, Australia
GenresPop, rock, pub rock
Years active1978–1986
LabelsEMI, Geffen, Virgin
Past membersSimon Binks
David Reyne
James Reyne
Brad Robinson
Paul Williams
Bill McDonough
Guy McDonough
Graham "Buzz" Bidstrup
John Watson
Mark Greig
Harry Brus

Australian Crawl (often called Aussie Crawl or The Crawl by fans) were an Australian rock band founded by James Reyne (lead vocals/piano), Brad Robinson (rhythm guitar), Paul Williams (bass), Simon Binks (lead guitar) and David Reyne (drums) in 1978.[1] David Reyne soon left and was replaced by Bill McDonough (drums, percussion).[2] They were later joined by his brother Guy McDonough (vocals, rhythm guitar).[2] The band was named after the front crawl swimming style also known as the Australian crawl.[1]

Australian Crawl were associated with surf music[3][4] and sponsored a surfing competition in 1984.[5] However, they also handled broader social issues such as shallow materialism, alcoholism, car accidents, and cautionary tales of romance.[3]

After their 1980 debut album, The Boys Light Up reached No. 4, Australian Crawl had two No. 1 albums; 1981's Sirocco and 1982's Sons of Beaches.[1] Their early singles reached the top 25 but none broke into the Top Ten;[1] their best performing single was No. 1 hit "Reckless" which showed a more mature approach than earlier hits, and came from their 1983 Semantics EP.[1]

Upheaval within the band occurred from 1983 onwards. First Bill McDonough left, then his brother Guy McDonough died in 1984, then various other members left.[1] Their 1985 release Between a Rock and a Hard Place was expensive but sales were disappointing;[1] and they disbanded early in 1986.[6] The band's status as an icon on the Australian music scene was acknowledged by induction into the 1996 Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame.[7] Founding guitarist Brad Robinson was unable to attend the Hall of Fame induction in person, as he was hospitalised with lymphoma and died two weeks later.[1][8]

Biography

1975–1979: formation and "Beautiful People"

Main article: Beautiful People (Australian Crawl song)

The band Spiff Rouch[1][2] formed in 1976 in the Mornington Peninsula suburb of Mount Eliza on the outskirts of Melbourne. The group lineup featured James Reyne, brothers Bill and Guy McDonough, Paul Williams, Robert Walker and Simon Binks.[2][4] Reyne had previously played drums for Archie Slammit and the Doors.[9]

By early 1978 Spiff Rouch had separated into two groups: The Flatheads (including the McDonough brothers and Walker, along with Sean Higgins and Nigel Spencer) and Australian Crawl. The original lineup for the latter was Reyne as vocalist, Binks on lead guitar, Williams on bass guitar, along with Reyne's younger brother David Reyne on drums and schoolmate Brad Robinson on rhythm guitar.[2][4] Australian Crawl performed their first live gig in October 1978 and toured the pub circuit.[10]

David Reyne left the group in 1979 to finish his acting course, later becoming an actor and TV presenter as well as drumming for Cats Under Pressure and the Chantoozies (1986–1990).[2] He was replaced in Australian Crawl by Bill McDonough.[1][2] The group's popularity in the Mornington Peninsula area increased with further pub gigs, then they gained audiences with university students and inner city residents.[10]

Once the band’s escalating popularity brought them into Melbourne they caught the attention of Little River Band’s guitarist David Briggs, who helped them gain a recording contract with EMI and he produced their first single.[1][10] "Beautiful People" (1979) reached No. 22 on the National charts.[11] Reyne had co-written the song with guitarist Mark Hudson in 1975.[12] The track included references to the shallow materialism of residents of Toorak[1] and to the Bombay Rock night club in Brunswick.[9]

Just days before recording "Beautiful People" Reyne had been hit by a car in Swanston Street, Melbourne, breaking bones in both wrists,[10] an episode later chronicled in the track "Indisposed".[1][13] Australian Crawl made one of the most memorable debuts on Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) TV series Countdown performing "Beautiful People" as Reyne still had both arms encased in plaster.[1][14][15] "Beautiful People" remains one of their most popular songs according to listeners of Triple M in 2007.[16]

1980" The Boys Light Up

Main article: The Boys Light Up

Australian Crawl's debut album The Boys Light Up (1980), also produced by Briggs for EMI,[1] had a number of hit singles with songwriting shared around the group and beyond. Tracks from this album included the previously released single "Beautiful People", the title track (written by Reyne and Mark Hudson);[12] "Indisposed" (Brad Robinson, James Robinson, Reyne, Bill McDonough)[12] and "Downhearted" (Sean Higgins, Guy McDonough, Bill McDonough)[12] (from The Flatheads).[2] Brad Robinson's father James Robinson was a Federal Arbitration Court Justice.[5]

"The Boys Light Up", their second single, was almost banned from radio play due to its explicit lyrics.[5] Many listeners believed the chorus lyrics were about smoking marijuana but Reyne has stated that it was about smoking tobacco cigarettes at school.[17] It also reached No. 22 on the National charts[11] and became their signature song and their most popular track especially live. [16] Their third single "Downhearted" charted higher at #12[11] and was a cautionary tale of romance gone wrong.[1]

The Boys Light Up reached No. 4 on the Australian album charts and remained in the charts for an unbroken 101 weeks.[11] It sold five times platinum: over 280,000 copies, and became one of the biggest Australian albums of the 1980s.[1][4] Singer/guitarist/songwriter Guy McDonough (ex-The Flatheads and Bill's younger brother) joined the group in October 1980.[1][2]

Rock journalist and commentator, Glenn A. Baker compared Australian Crawl with various fellow Australian bands:

Australian Crawl seemed to step out of a tourism poster... Spruce, lean, tanned and young... They swam, they surfed, they radiated a healthy, wholly Australian aura... If Skyhooks has personified the bodgie larrikin and Cold Chisel the hard drinking working class man, Australian Crawl turned the bronzed lifesaver into a pop idol... Crawl songs seemed to eulogise hedonism, adventure and the great outdoors for an audience that couldn't be bothered with Midnight Oil's politics.

— Glenn A. Baker, 1983[18]

However, according to James Reyne some people accused them of being demonic.[19] He said whenever you bumped into the member of Little River Band who had found God, he'd tell him "you shouldn't be playing that, it's demonic".[19]

1981–1982: Sirocco and Sons of Beaches

Main articles: Sirocco (album) and Sons of Beaches

In 1981, Australian Crawl recorded their second album, Sirocco with producer Peter Dawkins in Sydney. Named for Errol Flynn's yacht, the album peaked at No. 1 on the Australian album chart on 3 August and remained there for six weeks.[11] At about this time Robinson was married to actress Kerry Armstrong, later an Australian Film Institute Award winner,[20] who co-wrote a track "Easy On Your Own"[12] for the album.

Sirocco spawned the hit singles "Things Don't Seem" (May, No. 11 National charts)[11] and "Errol" (August, #18).[11] It also included "Oh No Not You Again" (November).[21] Of these, "Errol" about womanising Tasmanian-born actor Flynn is the band's third most popular song of all.[16] Another track from the album, "Lakeside", became a popular radio inclusion. 1981 Australian End of Year Album Charts has Sirocco at No. 2 behind Double Fantasy by John Lennon and ahead of AC/DC's Back in Black making it the best charting album by an Australian act.[11][22]

Another track on this album, Unpublished Critics has been compared several times to the later song "Sweet Child o' Mine" by US band Guns N' Roses as acknowledged, by its writer, James Reyne.[23] He was responding to media comments in May 2015 about the possibility of plagiarism by the American band.[24][25][26]

On the wave of this popularity the band toured extensively playing to huge crowds at Melbourne's Myer Music Bowl (100,000), Sydney's Domain (90,000), the Narara Rock festival (70,000), smashing attendance records at indoor venues in Brisbane and Perth.[10] They were voted Countdown 1981 Most Popular Group, and James Reyne was voted 1980 and 1981 Most Popular Male Performer.[27]

Sons of Beaches (1982) was recorded in Hawaii with expatriate Australian Mike Chapman producing.[1] The album had a rougher, rock 'n' roll edge than its glossy pop rock predecessors and featured the No. 17 hit "Shut Down" (June).[1] It also included a re-recorded version of "Downhearted" and became their second album to reach No. 1 on the Australian albums chart and remained there for five weeks.[11] EMI issued the album in the USA. Two further singles, "Daughters of the Northern Coast" (August) and "Runaway Girls" (November) failed to reach the Australian Top 40.[1]

Over 1982–1983 Reyne was filmed with Australian actresses Rebecca Gilling and Wendy Hughes in the television miniseries Return to Eden, which was screened in September 1983.[28] For Reyne's role of playboy tennis professional Greg Marsden, he was given the 1984 "Most Popular New Talent Award" at the TV Week Logie Awards.[29] Reyne later declared he was not very good in the part, declining many acting offers since.[1] During breaks in filming, the singer accepted an offer from Paul Christie (Mondo Rock) and Kevin Borich to join their part-time band The Party Boys with Harvey James from Sherbet and Graham Bidstrup from The Angels.[2] The group played a short run of shows around Sydney venues and played covers exclusively.[30] The resultant album, Live at Several 21sts, peaked at No. 9 on the national chart.[31]

1983–1984: "Reckless", Semantics and Phalanx

Main articles: Reckless (Australian Crawl song), Semantics (album), and Phalanx (album)

Soon after Reyne finished acting for Return to Eden, Bill McDonough left due to tensions within the band.[1][4] The remaining members then recorded the EP Semantics (1983) with Bidstrup (from The Party Boys, later a founder of GANGgajang) on drums.[2] The four track EP contained their best-known song,[16] "Reckless" (aka "Don't Be So Reckless", "She Don't Like That") which was written by Reyne,[12] and went to No. 1 on the Australian singles chart on 28 November.[1] John Watson (Kevin Borich Express) then came in as a permanent replacement for McDonough. The live album Phalanx was something of a stop-gap measure between studio albums, nevertheless it reached No. 4 during December.[1] The band's biggest overseas break came when Duran Duran took the band as support on certain legs of their "Sing Blue Silver" tour of the UK.[10]

US label Geffen Records signed Australian Crawl and issued Semantics (1984) as an album (with the four songs from the EP and re-recordings of tracks from past Australian records) for the American market. In April 1984 Australian Crawl became the first Australian band to sponsor an ASP surfing competition.[5] The Rip Curl/Australian Crawl Bell's Beach Surfing Festival[5] was won by Australian surfer, Cheyne Horan.[32]

In June 1984 the band was forced off the road when Guy McDonough was admitted to hospital in Melbourne; he died soon after of viral pneumonia.[1][4] Australian Crawl regrouped with Mark Greig on guitar (ex-Runners) for a series of live performances in late 1984.[1] Prior to Guy's death, he had recorded demos with his brother Bill McDonough (drums, percussion), Sean Higgins (synthesisers) and Nigel Spencer (bass, synthesisers), (all former The Flatheads);[2] and Mick Hauser (saxophone) and Michael Bright (guitar).[33] Bill McDonough assembled the tapes and produced Guy McDonough's posthumous album My Place on Wheatley Records in April 1985.[1][33][34][35] Singles "My Place" / "Things Don't Seem" and "What's in it For Me" / "Hook, Line and Sinker" were also released.[36] "Things Don't Seem" written by Guy McDonough and Sean Higgins,[12] had been released as an Australian Crawl single in 1981 off Sirocco.[37] Tracks from these sessions were re-mastered and released on Lost & Found in 1996.[38]

1985–1986: Between a Rock and a Hard Place, The Final Wave and split

Main articles: Between a Rock and a Hard Place (Australian Crawl album) and The Final Wave

By 1985 the group recorded their last studio album, Between a Rock and a Hard Place, with English producer Adam Kidron. It was released in Australia on Australian Crawl's own label Freestyle Records.[2][39] The album, which allegedly cost $400,000 to record,[1] was a mishmash of styles and a commercial disaster (it peaked at No. 12 in August 1985 but slipped out of the Top 40 two weeks later).[1] None of the singles had any Top 40 chart success.[11] Harry Brus (Kevin Borich Express) replaced long-standing bass player Paul Williams in May 1985. The band performed three songs for the July 1985 Oz for Africa concert—part of the global Live Aid program—"Reckless (Don't Be So)", "Two Can Play" and "The Boys Light Up". It was broadcast in Australia (on both Seven Network and Nine Network) and on MTV in the US.[40]

When the album virtually failed to chart, the band was ready to split but had to go out on tour to pay off its debts.[4] On 27 January 1986, their final Melbourne concert was recorded and released as the live album The Final Wave in October.[1] The band performed its final concert on 1 February at the Perth Entertainment Centre.[6]

We really enjoy Perth, and have a lot of friends there, so it was a conscious decision to play our final show there. Besides, everybody expected us to play the last show back in Melbourne, so stuff 'em.

— James Reyne[6]

In seven years, Australian Crawl had sold over a million records in Australia, with five of its albums and an EP reaching the Australian Top 5 Album Charts, two of which had been No. 1 hits.[1] A cumulative total of eleven weeks at Number 1 on the Albums Charts places them equal fourth for Australian groups behind Skyhooks, The Seekers and Midnight Oil.[41]

1986-1995: Solo careers

Main articles: James Reyne, Brad Robinson (Australian musician), and Simon Binks

In 1985, Lin Buckfield (Electric Pandas)[42] and Reyne released a duet single "R.O.C.K." / "Under My Thumb".[43] After Australian Crawl disbanded, Reyne went on to a solo career. His first few singles failed to chart but 1987's "Fall of Rome" and the self-titled album that followed were the beginning of a string of hits that lasted until the early 1990s. In 1992 he and James Blundell had a hit with a cover of The Dingoes' "Way Out West" (#2, May 1992).[44] Reyne also formed Company of Strangers that year with former Sherbet lead singer Daryl Braithwaite, Simon Hussey and Jef Scott. Company of Strangers only released one self-titled album, Company of Strangers in 1992, which produced the hits "Motor City (I Get Lost)" (#26, September 1992), "Sweet Love" (#21, January 1993) and "Daddy's Gonna Make You a Star" (#35, March 1993).[45]

In 1993 Reyne appeared as Tina Turner's manager Roger Davies in What's Love Got to do With It?.[1][28] He featured in twelve episodes of State Coroner during 1998 and in 2003's The Postcard Bandit.[28] Reyne lives on the Mornington Peninsula with his partner, Tina, and a daughter.[46] He has released his eighth solo studio album, Every Man a King (2007) and still performs occasionally.[46]

Almost immediately after the split Robinson became manager of Chantoozies (with early Crawl drummer David Reyne).[2] Their first single, "The Witch Queen of New Orleans" (1986), a cover of Redbone's song, reached No. 4 on the National charts.[47] Robinson then moved into a career in television (with Network Ten's Page One) and as a co-producer of documentaries. In the 1990s he became the manager for the Reyne brothers and worked as an agent for the Advantage Sports Management Group. This included managing Australian tennis player Mark Philippoussis.[8] Three years after being diagnosed with lymphoma, Robinson died on 13 October 1996.[1][8]

Binks played in the Broderick Smith Band in 1988.[48] He was injured in a 1995 car crash at a council roadworks that left him slightly brain-damaged.[49] A court in 2006 awarded him $330,253 in damages, down from an estimated $750,000 because he was said to be over the legal limit.[49] Binks later disputed the alcohol reading as belonging to another driver and stated the remuneration mostly went to his lawyers.[50] A 2007 appeal by the council, saw amount awarded further reduced to $304,750.[51] Williams who had left the band in 1985, was working in music-related retail.[46]

1996-present: ARIA Hall of Fame and compilations

Main article: ARIA Hall of Fame

In 1996, a compilation titled Lost & Found was released. It contained seven of the tracks from Guy McDonough's solo album My Place which were remastered.[34][35][52][53] Compilers and producers of Lost & Found were Bill McDonough and Peter Blyton.[2][53] Lost & Found tracks from My Place include "Too Many People" a duet sung by Guy McDonough with Colin Hay of Men at Work.[54] Some My Place tracks used on Lost & Found have Reyne singing backing vocals.[35] As of 2007, Bill McDonough was working in the construction industry.[46]

The band was inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame in September 1996. Three weeks later, Robinson's died.[7]

Additional compilation albums were released; More Wharf in 1998, Reckless: 1979–1995 in 2000 and The Definitive Collection in 2002. The Definitive Collection contained songs from the band and from James Reyne's solo career.[55]

In 2001, as part of its 75th Anniversary celebrations, the Australian Performing Right Association (APRA) compiled a list of the Top 30 Australian songs, with "Reckless (Don't Be So)" coming in at number nineteen.[56][57]

In October 2007, eleven Australian Crawl tracks were featured in the Triple M Essential 2007 Countdown of songs (positions are voted by listeners out of the best 2007 songs of all time).[16] They were "Hoochie Gucci Fioruci Mama" #1673; "Lakeside" #1354; "Indisposed" #956; "Downhearted" #728; "Oh No Not You Again" #587; "Shut Down" #415; "Things Don't Seem" #371; "Boys Light Up" #305; "Errol" #227; "Beautiful People" #153; and "Reckless" #39.[16]

In January 2014, Universal Music Australia celebrated the 35th anniversary of the release of "Beautiful People" by releasing The Greatest Hits It peaked at number 4 and was the 40th best selling album in Australian in 2014.

In October 2016, Australian Crawl released a seven album vinyl collection, titled The Album Collection. The collection included the band's four studio albums, two live albums and the US-expanded version of the Semantics album which had previously been unavailable to Australian audiences. [58]

Members

Chronological list:[1][2]

Discography

Main article: Australian Crawl discography

Studio albums and EP

Live recordings

Compilations

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai McFarlane, Ian (1999). Encyclopedia of Australian Rock and Pop. Allen & Unwin. ISBN 1-86448-768-2. Archived from the original on 3 August 2004. Retrieved 8 February 2010.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Magnus Holmgren (ed.). "Australian Crawl discography". Australian Rock Database. Archived from the original on 9 February 2008. Retrieved 1 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ a b Mureika, Tomas. "Allmusic article on Australian Crawl". Allmusic. Retrieved 2 March 2008.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Nimmervoll, Ed. "Australian Crawl". Howlspace (Ed Nimmervoll). Archived from the original on 27 July 2012. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Memorable TV Oz Rock: Australian Crawl entry". Memorable TV / Little Acorns Publishing. Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 2 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ a b c Black, Martin (1–2 February 1986). "Last Wave Farewell". Western Mail. Western Mail Ltd. p. 1.
  7. ^ a b "1996: 10th Annual ARIA Awards". ARIA. Archived from the original on 14 December 2007. Retrieved 1 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ a b c Petkovski, Suzi (December 1996). "Master Blaster". Australian Tennis Magazine. Archived from the original on 24 October 2009. Retrieved 10 April 2008. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  9. ^ a b Carney, Shaun; Jeff Jenkins; Michael Dwyer; Chris Beck; Martin Flanagan; Alan Attwood (28 August 2004). "Songs of Melbourne". The Age. Retrieved 19 March 2008. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  10. ^ a b c d e f "Australian Crawl". Nostalgia Central. Retrieved 1 March 2008.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g "Australasian Performing Right Association". APRA. Archived from the original on 5 May 2008. Retrieved 19 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ "Countdown Club entry on Australian Crawl". ABC. Archived from the original on 19 February 2008. Retrieved 2 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ "Australian Crawl". ABC. Archived from the original on 29 August 2007. Retrieved 29 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ Jenkins, Jeff; Ian Meldrum (2007). Molly Meldrum presents 50 years of rock in Australia. Melbourne: Wilkinson Publishing. ISBN 978-1-921332-11-1. Retrieved 24 April 2008.
  16. ^ a b c d e f "Triple M's Essential 2007 Countdown". Triple M. Archived from the original on 20 November 2008. Retrieved 2 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  17. ^ "Love is in the air Episode 5: "National Anthems"; transcript of interview with James Reyne". ABC-TV. 9 November 2003. Archived from the original on 28 January 2008. Retrieved 2 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  18. ^ "Zentrum Mensch-Maschine-Systeme". Axel Husfeldt. 9 July 1999. Archived from the original on 10 February 2005. Retrieved 26 March 2008.
  19. ^ a b Wilmoth, Peter – Glad All Over – The Countdown Years 1974–1987, pp: 151–2 McPhee Gribble/Penguin Books 1993. ISBN 978-0-86914-293-6
  20. ^ Kerry Armstrong at IMDb
  21. ^ Who's Who of Australia Rock Chris Spencer, Zbig Nowara, Phil McHenry
  22. ^ Angus Cameron, ed. (1986). The Second Australian Almanac. Angus & Robertson. ISBN 0-207-15232-2.
  23. ^ http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/australian-crawl-fans-spark-online-debate-after-pointing-out-similarities-with-guns-n-roses-hit/story-e6frfmq9-1227350742310
  24. ^ http://www.maxtv.com.au/news/how-similar-is-sweet-child-o-mine-to-a-1981-australian-crawl-song.aspx
  25. ^ http://radio.com/2015/05/13/guns-n-roses-sweet-child-o-mine-plagiarism-duff-mckagan/
  26. ^ http://www.maxtv.com.au/news/guns-roses-duff-mckagan-on-aussie-crawl-song-it-is-pretty-stunning-but-we-didnt-steal-it-from-them.aspx
  27. ^ Atkinson, Ann; Linsay Knight; Margaret McPhee (1996). The Dictionary of Performing Arts in Australia. Allen & Unwin. ISBN 1-86373-898-3.
  28. ^ a b c "Internet Movie Database entry on James Reyne". IMDb. Archived from the original on 22 April 2008. Retrieved 1 April 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  29. ^ "1984 TV Week Logie Awards". TV Week. Archived from the original on 21 July 2008. Retrieved 3 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  30. ^ "Band Members – The Party Boys". Eric Burdon Albums. Archived from the original on 15 April 2008. Retrieved 25 April 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ McGrath, Noel (1984) [1978]. Noel McGrath's Australian Encyclopaedia of Rock & Pop (Revised ed.). Adelaide: Rigby. ISBN 0-7270-1909-0.
  32. ^ "Pro Surfing Events 1976–1999". Cheyne Horan. Archived from the original on 15 April 2008. Retrieved 18 April 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  33. ^ a b "Australian Rock Database entry on Guy McDonough". Magnus Holmgren. Archived from the original on 19 March 2008. Retrieved 21 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  34. ^ a b "Guy McDonough – My Place". www.ebuyrecordstore.com. Retrieved 31 March 2008.
  35. ^ a b c "Obscure 80's/MFV Archive". New Wave Outpost. Retrieved 31 March 2008.
  36. ^ "Albums by Guy McDonough". Rate Your Music. Retrieved 5 April 2008.
  37. ^ ""Things Don't Seem" / "Big Fish"". Rate Your Music. Retrieved 5 April 2008.
  38. ^ "Lost & Found album insert". James Reyne Official website. Retrieved 15 April 2008.
  39. ^ "Between a Rock and a Hard Place". GEMM. Retrieved 25 April 2008.
  40. ^ "Oz for Africa". liveaid.free.fr. Archived from the original on 26 April 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  41. ^ Eliezer, Christie (21 November 2006). "Music Business News archive". themusic.com.au. Retrieved 30 March 2008. [dead link]
  42. ^ "Spicks and Specks Episode Twenty Two". ABC. Retrieved 5 April 2008.
  43. ^ ""R.O.C.K." / "Under My Thumb"". Rate Your Music. Retrieved 5 April 2008.
  44. ^ "Australian Charts – "Way Out West"". australian-charts.com. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 28 April 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  45. ^ "Australian Charts – 'Company of Strangers'". australian-charts.com. Retrieved 28 April 2008.
  46. ^ a b c d Wilmoth, Peter (10 June 2007). "Home, James". The Age. Retrieved 5 March 2008. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  47. ^ "Memorable TV entry on The Chantoozies". Memorable TV. Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 5 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  48. ^ "Australian Rock Database entry on Broderick Smith". Magnus Holmgren. Archived from the original on 19 February 2008. Retrieved 5 March 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  49. ^ a b Wallace, Natasha; David Braithwaite (26 May 2006). "Rocker gets $330,000 for drunken crash". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 3 April 2008. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  50. ^ Temple, Will (26 May 2005). "Guitarist wins compo claim". news.com.au. Retrieved 5 March 2008.
  51. ^ "Less damages for Australian Crawl member". National Nine News. 18 September 2007. Retrieved 9 April 2008. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  52. ^ "Lost & Found by Australian Crawl". Rate Your Music. Retrieved 5 April 2008.
  53. ^ a b "Lost & Found by members of Australian Crawl". www.australiancrawl.com. Archived from the original on 21 March 2008. Retrieved 5 April 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  54. ^ "Participações (Participation)". menatwork.com.br. Retrieved 31 March 2008.
  55. ^ "Definitive Collection". Sun Herald. Retrieved 18 March 2008.
  56. ^ Kruger, Debbie (2 May 2001). "The songs that resonate through theyears: Industry votes for Top 30 Australian songs" (PDF). APRA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 28 April 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  57. ^ "APRA's 30 Best Australian Songs of All Time (2001)". Rate Your Music. Retrieved 28 April 2008.
  58. ^ "Australian Crawl To Release Vinyl Box Including US Semantics". PAUL CASHMERE. Noise11. 4 October 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
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