B. D. Jatti

B. D. Jatti
File:Basappa Danappa Jatti.jpg
President of India
In office 11 February 1977 – 25 July 1977
Prime Minister	Indira Gandhi Morarji Desai
Preceded by	Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
Succeeded by	Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
Vice-President of India
In office 31 August 1974 – 30 August 1979
President	Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
Prime Minister	Indira Gandhi Morarji Desai Charan Singh
Preceded by	Gopal Swarup Pathak
Succeeded by	Mohammad Hidayatullah
Governor of Odisha
In office 8 November 1972 – 20 August 1974
Chief Minister	Nandini Satpathy
Preceded by	Gatikrishna Mishra
Succeeded by	Gatikrishna Mishra
Lieutenant Governor of Pondicherry
In office 14 October 1968 – 7 November 1972
Chief Minister	Hasan Farook
Preceded by	Sayaji Laxman Silam
Succeeded by	Chhedilal
Chief Minister of Mysore
In office 16 May 1958 – 9 March 1962
Governor	Jayachamaraja Wodeyar
Preceded by	Siddavanahalli Nijalingappa
Succeeded by	S. R. Kanthi
Personal details
Born	Basappa Danappa Jatti (1913-09-10)10 September 1913 Savalagi, Bombay Presidency, British India (now in Karnataka, India)
Died	7 June 2002(2002-06-07) (aged 88) Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Political party	Indian National Congress
Alma mater	Shivaji University

Basappa Danappa Jatti (10 September 1913 – 7 June 2002) was the fifth Vice-President of India, serving from 1974 to 1979. He was Acting President of India from 11 February 1977 to 25 July 1977. The soft-spoken Jatti rose from a humble beginning as a Municipality member to India's second-highest office during a five-decade-long chequered political career.

Early life

Jatti was born in a Kannadiga Lingayat family at Savalgi in Jamkhandi Taluk of Bagalkot district on 10 September 1913. His father was a humble grocer. He braved family difficulties and completed his education. After completing his graduation in Law from Rajaram Law College in Kolhapur, he began his legal practice as an advocate for a very short span of time in his home town Jamkhandi.

Early political career

In 1940, he entered politics as a Municipality member at Jamkhandi and subsequently became the President of the Jamkhandi Town Municipality in 1945. Later, he was elected as a member of the Jamkhandi State Legislature and was appointed a minister in the government of the pricely state of Jamkhandi. Finally he became the 'dewan' (Chief Minister) of Jamkhandi state in 1948. As dewan, he maintained cordial relations with the Maharaja, Shankar Rao Patwardhan, and brought about the accession of the small principality to the Indian Union. On 8 March 1948 after Jamkhandi was merged with Bombay state, he returned to legal practice and continued with it for 20 months.

Later, Jatti was nominated as member of the Bombay State Legislative Assembly to represent the merged area and within a week of his nomination, he was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the then Bombay Chief Minister, B. G. Kher. He worked in that capacity for a couple of years. After the 1952 general elections, he was appointed Minister of Health and Labour of the then Bombay Government and held that post till the reorganisation of states.

Chief minister of Mysore state

Jatti became a member of the Mysore Legislative Assembly after the reorganisation and was Chairman of the Land Reforms Committee, which paved the way for the 1961 Mysore Land Reforms Act (which abolished the tenancy system and absentee landlordism). He was the Chief Minister and Kadidal Manjappa was the Revenue Minister when the Bill was adopted. In 1958, when S.Nijalingappa stepped down as Chief Minister of the state, Jatti was elected leader of the party in the face of a stiff challenge from Congress veteran T. Subramanya. He became the Chief Minister of Mysore in 1958 and continued in that office until 1962.

Re-elected from Jamkhandi constituency in the third general elections, Jatti was appointed Finance Minister on 2 July 1962 in the S. Nijalingappa Ministry. He was re-elected to the fourth Assembly from the same constituency and appointed as Minister of Food and Civil Supplies.

Later political career

Jatti subsequently moved onto the national scene and was appointed as the Lieutenant Governor of Pondicherry in 1968. He became the Governor of Odisha in 1972 and, in 1974, assumed office as the fifth Vice-President of India. He became acting President for a brief period after the death of Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed in 1977.

However, his acting presidency was not without controversy. In April 1977, when Union Home Minister Charan Singh took the debatable decision to dissolve the assemblies of nine states, Jatti declined to sign the order and broke the tradition of the President accepting the advice of the Cabinet. Though he later signed the order, Jatti took the stand that the Centre's action should not only be politically and constitutionally correct but also appear to be proper. After leaving office as Vice-President in 1979, Jatti continued to be in the limelight as a keen observer of the political situation in the country.

Public offices held

• 1945–48 : Minister for Education in the erstwhile princely state of Jamkhandi
• 1948 : Chief Minister (dewan) of Jamkhandi
• 1948–52 : Parliamentary Secretary in the B.G. Kher Government in erstwhile Bombay State
• 1953–56 : Deputy Minister for Health and Labour in the Morarji Desai Government in Bombay
• 1958–62 : Chief Minister of Mysore state
• 1962–68 : Cabinet minister, Government of Mysore
• 1968–72 : Lieutenant Governor of Pondicherry
• 1972–74 : Governor of Odisha
• 1974–79 : Vice-President of India
• Acting President for six months in 1977

Religious activities

A deeply religious man, Jatti was the founder president of the "Basava Samithi", a religious organisation which propagated the preachings of 12th-century saint, philosopher and reformer of Lingayat religion Basaveshwara. The Basava samithi established in 1964 has published many books on Veerashaivism and Sharanas and has got the 'vachanas' of sharanas translated into various languages. He was also involved in various organisations concerned with social activities.

Death and legacy

He died on 7 June 2002. He was hailed as a man who set an example of selfless service and stood for value-based politics. He was once called an ordinary man with extraordinary thought, and he named his autobiography, I'm My Own Model. His centenary celebrations were held in 2012.

See also

• List of Chief Ministers of Karnataka
• Governors and Lieutenant-Governors of states of India
• List of Governors of India