Climate of Gibraltar: Difference between revisions
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The '''climate of [[Gibraltar]]''' is [[Mediterranean climate|Mediterranean]]/[[Subtropics|Subtropical]] with mild [[winter]]s and warm [[summer]]s. There are two main [[prevailing wind]]s, an easterly one known as the ''[[Viento de Levante|Levante]]'' coming from the [[Sahara]] in [[Africa]] which brings humid weather and warmer sea currents and the other as ''[[Poniente]]'' which is westerly and brings fresher air and colder sea. Its terrain consists of the {{convert|430|m|ft|0|adj=on}}<ref>[http://www.gibraltar.gov.uk/hol/WhatToSee/upper_rock.asp Gibraltar.gov.uk]</ref> high [[Rock of Gibraltar]] and the narrow coastal lowland surrounding it. Rain occurs mainly in winter, the summers are generally dry. |
The '''climate of [[Gibraltar]]''' is [[Mediterranean climate|Mediterranean]]/[[Subtropics|Subtropical]] with mild [[winter]]s and warm [[summer]]s. There are two main [[prevailing wind]]s, an easterly one known as the ''[[Viento de Levante|Levante]]'' coming from the [[Sahara]] in [[Africa]] which brings humid weather and warmer sea currents and the other as ''[[Poniente]]'' which is westerly and brings fresher air and colder sea. Its terrain consists of the {{convert|430|m|ft|0|adj=on}}<ref>[http://www.gibraltar.gov.uk/hol/WhatToSee/upper_rock.asp Gibraltar.gov.uk] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227014826/http://gibraltar.gov.uk/hol/WhatToSee/upper_rock.asp |date=2009-02-27 }}</ref> high [[Rock of Gibraltar]] and the narrow coastal lowland surrounding it. Rain occurs mainly in winter, the summers are generally dry. |
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Average morning [[relative humidity]]: 82%, evening relative humidity: 64%.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=59480&refer=&units=metric Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Gibraltar]</ref> Sunshine hours is till 2,778 per year, from 150 in November (5 hours of sunshine every day) to 341 in July (11 hours of sunshine every day).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.weather2travel.com/climate-guides/index.php?destination=gibraltar|title=Weather2Travel.com: Gibraltar Climate Guide|accessdate=}}</ref> |
Average morning [[relative humidity]]: 82%, evening relative humidity: 64%.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=59480&refer=&units=metric Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Gibraltar]</ref> Sunshine hours is till 2,778 per year, from 150 in November (5 hours of sunshine every day) to 341 in July (11 hours of sunshine every day).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.weather2travel.com/climate-guides/index.php?destination=gibraltar|title=Weather2Travel.com: Gibraltar Climate Guide|accessdate=}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 13:02, 9 August 2017
The climate of Gibraltar is Mediterranean/Subtropical with mild winters and warm summers. There are two main prevailing winds, an easterly one known as the Levante coming from the Sahara in Africa which brings humid weather and warmer sea currents and the other as Poniente which is westerly and brings fresher air and colder sea. Its terrain consists of the 430-metre (1,411 ft)[1] high Rock of Gibraltar and the narrow coastal lowland surrounding it. Rain occurs mainly in winter, the summers are generally dry.
Average morning relative humidity: 82%, evening relative humidity: 64%.[2] Sunshine hours is till 2,778 per year, from 150 in November (5 hours of sunshine every day) to 341 in July (11 hours of sunshine every day).[3]
Temperature
Its average annual temperature is 18 °C (64 °F): 21 °C (70 °F) during the day and 15 °C (59 °F) at night. In the coldest month - January, the typically temperature ranges from 11–18 °C (52–64 °F) during the day and 9–14 °C (48–57 °F) at night (sometimes above and below these temperatures), the average sea temperature is 15–16 °C (59–61 °F). In the warmest month - August, the typically temperature ranges from 25–31 °C (77–88 °F) during the day, above 20 °C (68 °F) at night, the average sea temperature is 22 °C (72 °F). Average number of days above 21 °C (70 °F) is 181, average number of days above 32 °C (90 °F) is 5-6 (2 in July, 3 in August). The highest temperature ever recorded is 40.6 °C (105.1 °F) on July 5, 1994 while the lowest temperature ever recorded is 0.0 °C (32.0 °F) on January 13, 1978.[4]
| Climate data for Gibraltar (extremes 1852–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 24.0 (75.2) |
24.1 (75.4) |
30.3 (86.5) |
32.0 (89.6) |
33.2 (91.8) |
38.0 (100.4) |
40.6 (105.1) |
40.2 (104.4) |
33.7 (92.7) |
33.7 (92.7) |
29.6 (85.3) |
25.0 (77.0) |
40.6 (105.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 15.7 (60.3) |
16.6 (61.9) |
18.4 (65.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
22.6 (72.7) |
25.4 (77.7) |
28.1 (82.6) |
28.6 (83.5) |
26.3 (79.3) |
22.9 (73.2) |
19.1 (66.4) |
16.6 (61.9) |
21.7 (71.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 13.4 (56.1) |
13.8 (56.8) |
15.0 (59.0) |
16.2 (61.2) |
18.5 (65.3) |
21.1 (70.0) |
23.7 (74.7) |
24.2 (75.6) |
22.8 (73.0) |
19.5 (67.1) |
16.1 (61.0) |
14.1 (57.4) |
18.2 (64.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.2 (50.4) |
10.7 (51.3) |
12.3 (54.1) |
13.4 (56.1) |
15.4 (59.7) |
18.0 (64.4) |
20.1 (68.2) |
20.8 (69.4) |
19.4 (66.9) |
16.9 (62.4) |
13.9 (57.0) |
11.4 (52.5) |
15.2 (59.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 0.0 (32.0) |
0.6 (33.1) |
2.0 (35.6) |
0.0 (32.0) |
9.0 (48.2) |
9.0 (48.2) |
14.4 (57.9) |
13.9 (57.0) |
12.3 (54.1) |
9.0 (48.2) |
5.7 (42.3) |
0.8 (33.4) |
0.0 (32.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 121 (4.8) |
100 (3.9) |
75 (3.0) |
60 (2.4) |
35 (1.4) |
11 (0.4) |
1 (0.0) |
6 (0.2) |
15 (0.6) |
64 (2.5) |
141 (5.6) |
146 (5.7) |
775 (30.5) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 60 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 78 | 75 | 73 | 72 | 69 | 71 | 69 | 71 | 75 | 77 | 77 | 76 | 74 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 147 | 143 | 204 | 233 | 289 | 319 | 326 | 309 | 240 | 197 | 135 | 134 | 2,676 |
| Source 1: Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun, 1961–1990, and February, July and August record low only)[5][6][a] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)[4] | |||||||||||||
Temperature of sea
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 °C (61 °F) | 15 °C (59 °F) | 16 °C (61 °F) | 16 °C (61 °F) | 17 °C (63 °F) | 19 °C (66 °F) | 22 °C (72 °F) | 22 °C (72 °F) | 22 °C (72 °F) | 20 °C (68 °F) | 18 °C (64 °F) | 17 °C (63 °F) | 18.4 °C (65.1 °F) |
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16.3 °C (61.3 °F) | 15.8 °C (60.4 °F) | 15.7 °C (60.3 °F) | 16.9 °C (62.4 °F) | 18.5 °C (65.3 °F) | 21.0 °C (69.8 °F) | 22.8 °C (73.0 °F) | 23.3 °C (73.9 °F) | 21.8 °C (71.2 °F) | 20.5 °C (68.9 °F) | 18.3 °C (64.9 °F) | 16.8 °C (62.2 °F) | 19.0 °C (66.2 °F) |
See also
Notes
- ^ Station ID for Gibraltar is 08495 Use this station ID to locate the sunshine duration
References
- ^ Gibraltar.gov.uk Archived 2009-02-27 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Gibraltar
- ^ "Weather2Travel.com: Gibraltar Climate Guide".
- ^ a b "Station Gibraltar" (in French). Météo Climat. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- ^ "Klimatafel von Gibraltar / Großbritannien" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 29 September 2016.
- ^ "Station 08495 Gibraltar". Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration. Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 29 September 2016.
- ^ Gibraltar Climate - weather2travel.com
- ^ Gibraltar average sea temperature - seatemperature.org
