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==History==
==History==
The vast majority of Iranians in the UK arrived after the [[Iranian Revolution]] of 1979. In the following five years, an estimated 8,000 Iranian asylum seekers arrived in the country. The 1981 census showed 28,617 persons born in Iran (18,132 men, 10,485 women). Iranians were not separately distinguished in the 1991 census.<ref name="Spellman 2004 p=38"/> The 2001 census recorded 42,494 persons born in Iran.<ref name="OECD"/> The [[Office for National Statistics]] estimates that, in 2015, 86,000 Iranian-born people were living in the UK.<ref name="2011 estimates">{{ONSCoB2015|accessdate=17 October 2016}}</ref> In 2004, the Iranian embassy in London estimated that as many as 75,000 Iranians might reside in the country.<ref name="Spellman 2004 p=38">{{harvnb|Spellman|2004|p=38}}</ref> Most adults are themselves immigrants; the [[immigrant generations|second generation]] are quite young, and so there are relatively few adults of Iranian background born and raised in the UK.<ref>{{harvnb|Harbottle|2004|p=145}}</ref>
The vast majority of Iranians in the UK arrived after the [[Iranian Revolution]] of 1979. In the following five years, an estimated 8,000 Iranian asylum seekers arrived in the country. The 1981 census showed 28,617 persons born in Iran (18,132 men, 10,485 women). Iranians were not separately distinguished in the 1991 census.<ref name="Spellman 2004 p=38"/> The 2001 census recorded 42,494 persons born in Iran.<ref name="OECD"/> The [[Office for National Statistics]] estimates that, in 2015, 86,000 Iranian-born people were living in the UK.<ref name="2011 estimates">{{ONSCoB2015|accessdate=17 October 2016}}</ref> In 2004, the Iranian embassy in London estimated that as many as 75,000 Iranians might reside in the country.<ref name="Spellman 2004 p=38">{{harvnb|Spellman|2004|p=38}}</ref> Most adults are themselves immigrants; the [[immigrant generations|second generation]] are quite young, and so there are relatively few adults of Iranian background born and raised in the UK. Also famous Matin, who is also known as matmat lives in London too.<ref>{{harvnb|Harbottle|2004|p=145}}</ref>


==Religion==
==Religion==

Revision as of 21:34, 14 February 2018

Iranians in the United Kingdom
Total population
Iranian-born residents
42,494 (2001 Census figure)
91,087 (2011 Census figure)
Regions with significant populations
In descending order: London, Manchester, Bradford, Leeds, Glasgow, Newcastle, Southampton, Slough[1]
Languages
British English, Persian, Azerbaijani, Armenian, Kurdish and other languages of Iran. (see Languages of Iran)
Religion
Shia Islam, Non-religion, Christianity, Judaism, Bahá'í, Sunni Islam, Zoroastrianism, Other.

Iranians in the United Kingdom, also referred to as British Iranians, consist of people of Iranian nationality who have settled in the United Kingdom, as well as British residents and citizens of Iranian heritage.[2] According to the 2001 Census, 42,494 Iranian-born people reside in the UK.[3] This figure is thought to have risen to 86,000 by 2015, according to National Statistics estimates.

History

The vast majority of Iranians in the UK arrived after the Iranian Revolution of 1979. In the following five years, an estimated 8,000 Iranian asylum seekers arrived in the country. The 1981 census showed 28,617 persons born in Iran (18,132 men, 10,485 women). Iranians were not separately distinguished in the 1991 census.[4] The 2001 census recorded 42,494 persons born in Iran.[3] The Office for National Statistics estimates that, in 2015, 86,000 Iranian-born people were living in the UK.[5] In 2004, the Iranian embassy in London estimated that as many as 75,000 Iranians might reside in the country.[4] Most adults are themselves immigrants; the second generation are quite young, and so there are relatively few adults of Iranian background born and raised in the UK. Also famous Matin, who is also known as matmat lives in London too.[6]

Religion

Iran is a primarily Shia Muslim country with Jewish, Bahá'í, Christian and Zoroastrian communities, a fact reflected in the migrant population in the UK.[7][8] However, there is an increasing number of Iranian Atheists and Agnostics. Some Iranians in the UK have converted from Shiaism to various sects of Christianity.[9] There are also active Jewish and Christian communities among British Iranians.[10][11]

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ "Born abroad: Iran", BBC News, 2005-09-07, retrieved 2009-07-23
  2. ^ Harbottle 2004
  3. ^ a b Country-of-birth database, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, archived from the original on 2005-05-11, retrieved 2009-01-25 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b Spellman 2004, p. 38 harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFSpellman2004 (help)
  5. ^ "Table 1.3: Overseas-born population in the United Kingdom, excluding some residents in communal establishments, by sex, by country of birth, January 2015 to December 2015". Office for National Statistics. 25 August 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2016. Figure given is the central estimate. See the source for 95% confidence intervals.
  6. ^ Harbottle 2004, p. 145
  7. ^ Spellman 2004, p. 59 harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFSpellman2004 (help)
  8. ^ Religion in Iran
  9. ^ Spellman 2004, p. 147 harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFSpellman2004 (help)
  10. ^ "Persian community join the US". Retrieved 18 March 2015.
  11. ^ Spellman 2004, p. 103 harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFSpellman2004 (help)

Sources

  • Harbottle, Lynn (2004), Food For Health, Food For Wealth: Ethnic and Gender Identities in British Iranian Communities, The Anthropology of Food and Nutrition, Oxford: Berghahn Books, ISBN 978-1-57181-634-4
  • Spellman, Kathryn (2004), Religion and Nation: Iranian Local and Transnational Networks in Britain, Forced Migration, Oxford: Berghahn Books, ISBN 978-1-57181-576-7

Further reading

  • Spellman, Kathryn (2004), "Gendered spaces of exchange: Iranian Muslim religious practices in London", in Titley, Gavan (ed.), Resituating culture, Council of Europe. Directorate of Youth and Sport, pp. 151–161, ISBN 978-92-871-5396-8
  • The Flight from Tehran: British-Iranians 30 Years On, a series of radio programmes from the BBC
  • Iranian Association, Iranian Association was established as a registered charity in 1985 providing information and advice. It is also involved with art and culture, working with the British and Victoria & Albert museums to improve Iranian participation in London’s cultural life.
  • Iran Heritage Foundation, A non-political charity promoting the history and culture of Iran. It organises everything from lectures and talks to poetry recitals.
  • Kayhan London, Kayhan London is a publication for Iranian expats in London and beyond.
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