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2023 Akwa Ibom State gubernatorial election

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2023 Akwa Ibom State gubernatorial election
← 2019 11 March 2023 2027 →
 
Nominee John James Akpan Udo-Edehe Umo Eno Bassey Albert Akpan
Party New Nigeria Peoples Party PDP YPP
Running mate Godwin Micheal Afangideh Akon Eyakenyi Asuquo Amba
Governor before election

Udom Gabriel Emmanuel
PDP

Elected Governor

To be determined
To be determined

The 2023 Akwa Ibom State gubernatorial election will take place on 11 March 2023, to elect the Governor of Akwa Ibom State, concurrent with elections to the Akwa Ibom State House of Assembly as well as twenty-seven other gubernatorial elections and elections to all other state houses of assembly.[1][2] It will be held two weeks after the presidential election and National Assembly elections. Incumbent PDP Governor Udom Gabriel Emmanuel is term-limited and cannot seek re-election to a third term.

Party primaries were scheduled for between 4 April and 9 June 2022 with the Peoples Democratic Party nominating former commissioner Umo Eno on 25 May while the All Progressives Congress nominated businessman Akanimo Udofia on 26 May in a controversial process that was not recognized by INEC.[3][4] If the APC is unable to overturn the INEC decision, the nominees of smaller parties would become major contenders like former Senator John James Akpan Udo-Edehe (New Nigeria Peoples Party) and Senator Bassey Albert Akpan (Young Progressives Party).[5][6]

Electoral system

The Governor of Akwa Ibom State is elected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least two-thirds of state local government areas. If no candidate passes this threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received a plurality of votes in the highest number of local government areas.

Background

Akwa Ibom State is a small state in the South South mainly populated by Efik-Ibibio peoples; although its oil reserves make it one of the most wealthy states in the nation, Akwa Ibom has faced challenges in security, environmental degradation, and lack of affordable housing in large part due to years of systemic corruption.

Politically, the state's 2019 elections were categorized as a reassertion of the PDP's dominance after Senator Godswill Akpabio and his allies that switched to the APC lost. Statewide, Emmanuel easily won re-election with nearly 75% of the vote and 25 of 26 House of Assembly seats were won by the PDP. The PDP was also successful federally, unseating all APC senators and house members to sweep all three senate and ten House of Representatives seats as the state was easily won by PDP presidential nominee Atiku Abubakar with about 68% but still swung towards the APC and had lower turnout.

During Emmanuel's second term, his administration stated focuses included the completion of the Ibom Deep Seaport, Ibom Air, further industrialisation, and upgrading transportation infrastructure; however, he was routinely criticized for authoritarian-esque responses to critics and journalists. Alarms were raised most notably after the arrest of a critical banker, the threatened demolition of a critic's church, and the barring of journalists from state government events.[7][8][9] At other points during his administration, Emmanuel was criticized for a poor response to the COVID-19 pandemic by dismissing the state’s chief epidemiologist after he refused to suppress testing, his administration’s systemic budget misappropriation and perceived corruption, his unconstitutional declaration of Akwa Ibom as a Christian state and state construction of a Christian worship centre, and the Seaport’s proposed location.[10][11][12][13][14][15] On the other hand, he was praised for expanding Ibom Air, sports development, and a relatively low crime rate.[16]

Primary elections

The primaries, along with any potential challenges to primary results, were to take place between 4 April and 3 June 2022 but the deadline was extended to 9 June.[2][17] An informal zoning gentlemen's agreement sets the Akwa Ibom North-East Senatorial District to have the next governor as Akwa Ibom North-East has not held the governorship since 2007. While no major party has yet closed their primaries to non-Northeast candidates, nearly all potential candidates are from the North-East and it appears as if major parties are holding to the zoning agreement.[18][19]

All Progressives Congress

The year prior to the APC primaries was beset by party infighting between three factions each supported by former Governor and Minister Godswill Akpabio, former Senator and potential gubernatorial candidate John James Akpan Udo-Edehe, or former Senator and fellow potential gubernatorial candidate Ita Enang which culminated in three parallel party congresses in October 2021.[20] As Udo-Edehe was a member of national APC leadership at the time, his faction was recognized by the national party in February 2022 but was later removed by a court decision in favour of Akpabio's faction.[21] The court ruling came after Udo-Edehe left his role as Caretaker National Secretary, thus he was unable to stop newly elected National Chairman, Abdullahi Adamu, from swearing in Akpabio's faction; however, Akpan Udo-Edehe's faction received a court order telling parties to maintain the status quo and reporting later showed that Akpabio's faction had forged documents to convince the court to rule in its favour.[22][23][24] In wake of the reports, the party factionalized as Akpabio's faction and Udo-Edehe's faction opened separate headquarters and each claimed to be the legitimate party structure as the national party recognized Akpabio's faction while Udo-Edehe's faction was recognized by INEC.[25]

On 20 April 2022, the APC National Executive Committee announced the party's schedule for gubernatorial primaries, setting its expression of interest form price at ₦10 million and nomination form price at ₦40 million with a 50% nomination form discount for candidates younger than 40 while women and candidates with disabilities get free nomination forms. Forms were to be sold from 26 April to 6 May until the deadline was later extended to 10 May then 12 May.[26] After the submission of nomination forms by 13 May, candidates were screened by a party committee on 14 and 15 May while 16 May was the date for the screening appeal process.[27] Ward congresses and LGA congresses were set for between 7 and 9 May to elect delegates for the primary. Candidates approved by the screening process advanced to a primary set for 26 May, in concurrence with other APC gubernatorial primaries; challenges to the result could be made the next day.[28][29][30][31]

On the date of the primary, the party crisis escalated as both factions attempted to hold their own primaries with nation party observers at the Akpabio faction primary on Ekpo Obot Street in Uyo while the state Commissioner of Police and State Resident Electoral Commissioner were at the Udo-Edehe faction primary in the Sheergrace Arena. Supporters of the two faction then spent the day fighting over control of official voting materials, delaying the exercise until early the next morning.[32] Eventually, the Akpabio faction conducted its primary with businessman Akanimo Udofia easily winning but as other candidates rejected the process and analysts noted that the primary's legitimacy was questionable due to the lack of INEC observers.[33][34] Losing out, Udo-Edehe protested the event before leaving the party to obtain the NNPP gubernatorial nomination while Enang asked a court to nullify the results.[35][36]

By mid-June, it was revealed that the INEC Resident Electoral Commissioner Mike Igini's report listed that no legitimate primary took place for the state All Progressives Congress.[4][37][38] In response, Akpabio allies attempted to discredit Igini but the REC was supported by the national commission, which confirmed the report.[39]

Nominated

Eliminated in primary

Results

Candidates' vote share

  Akanimo Udofia (94.82%)
  Other candidates (5.18%)
APC Primary Results
Party Candidate Votes %
APC Akanimo Udofia 1,227 94.82%
APC Ita Enang 34 2.63%
APC Chris Ekong 21 1.62%
APC Uduak Udo 7 0.54%
APC Richard Anana 2 0.15%
APC John James Akpan Udo-Edehe 2 0.15%
APC Larry Esin 1 0.08%
APC Austin Utuk 0 0.00%
Total votes 1,294 100.00
Invalid or blank votes 19 N/A
Turnout 1,313 Unknown

People's Democratic Party

In January 2022, former Governor Victor Attah announced that candidate Umo Eno was outgoing Governor Udom Gabriel Emmanuel's endorsed candidate much to the chagrin of opposing PDP members who raised fears over potential imposition.[47] Emmanuel defended the endorsement, saying that it was in the best interest of the state and state party chairman Aniekan Akpan also backed Eno.[48][49][50] Further criticism emerged when reports that Eno had forged court documents to illegally arrest striking workers resurfaced in February.[51]

Template loop detected: Template:Excerpt

In the days before the primary, the party crisis deepened as several governorship aspirants and other stakeholders rejected the ad hoc delegate list as fabricated and accused bad actors of planning on doctoring the statutory delegate list as well.[52] Analysts noted that if the allegations were proven true, the Abia PDP was risking disqualification by using unelected delegates.[53] When their appeals to the national party for intervention failed, seven candidates withdrew on the date of the primary in protest of its conduct including Abaribe and Oko Chukwu.[54] Ikonne ended up winning the nomination easily with over 80% of the votes cast.[55] However, the fiery primary and party crisis around it caused massive divides within the Abia PDP with Abaribe defecting to APGA the day after the primary.[56] In June, Ikonne selected Okey Igwe—MHA for Umunneochi—as his running mate.

May 2022 primary

Ahead of primary day, further claims of manipulation were tabled against Eno supporters leading Emmanuel to swiftly announce that there would be a post-primary reconciliation process. However, the announcement did not halt outcry as some candidates withdrew in protest on primary day including Senator Bassey Albert Akpan and House member Onofiok Luke while House member Michael Enyong held his own parallel primary at the Ewet Housing Estate.[57][58][59] When the primary was held at the Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, Eno won the nomination after announced results showed him winning over 97% of the delegates' votes.[3] After the primary, the state PDP set up a reconciliation committee to unify the party;[60] however, issues for Ono emerged by July when Akpan defected to become the YPP gubernatorial nominee while another former opponent—Akan Okon—approached the judiciary to disqualify Ono based on claims of educational certificate forgery.[61][62] Although Eno initially labeled the court case as a political stunt, the West African Examinations Council confirmed that the certificates Eno submitted to INEC did not match documents in the organisation’s records.[63] In response, Eno's representatives changed his court defense and Eno publicly vowed to leave both politics and preaching if the forgery allegations were proven accurate.[64][65] While the controversy swirled, Eno proceeded with his campaign and named Senator Akon Eyakenyi as his running mate.[66]

Nominated

  • Umo Eno: former Commissioner for Lands and Housing and former Chairman of the Akwa Ibom Hotels and Tourism Board (2004–2007)[3]
    • Running mate—Akon Eyakenyi: Senator for Akwa Ibom South (2019–present); former Minister of Lands, Housing and Urban Development (2010–2015); and former Commissioner for Industry, Commerce and Tourism[66]

Eliminated in primary

Withdrew

Declined

Results

Candidates' vote share

  Umo Eno (98.81%)
  Other candidates (1.19%)
PDP primary results[3]
Party Candidate Votes %
PDP Umo Eno 993 98.81%
PDP Sampson Sydney Akpan 3 0.30%
PDP Onofiok Luke (withdrawn) 3 0.30%
PDP Aniekan Etim 2 0.20%
PDP Idorenyin James Umo 2 0.20%
PDP Bassey Albert Akpan (withdrawn) 1 0.10%
PDP Ide Owodiong-Idemeko 1 0.10%
PDP Michael Enyong 1 0.10%
PDP Other candidates 0 0.00%
Total votes 1,005 100.00%
Invalid or blank votes 2 N/A
Turnout 1,007 Unknown
Invalid Ewet Housing Estate primary results

Candidates' vote share

  Michael Enyong (88.18%)
  Umo Eno (8.61%)
  Other candidates (3.21%)
PDP Ewet Housing Estate primary results[59]
Party Candidate Votes %
PDP Michael Enyong 2,448 88.18%
PDP Umo Eno 239 8.61%
PDP Bassey Albert Akpan (withdrawn) 50 1.80%
PDP Onofiok Luke (withdrawn) 34 1.23%
PDP Akan Okon 5 0.18%
PDP Other candidates 0 0.00%
Total votes 2,776 100.00%

Minor parties

Campaign

As the general election campaign commenced, focus was on the PDP's attempts to unify the party after the contentious primary process and INEC's non-recognition of the APC primary. While APC figures spent June and July 2022 trying to get INEC to recognise its primary and attacking REC Mike Igini as biased, the PDP attempted to prevent defections from aggrieved party members with a reconciliation committee headed by Senator Effiong Dickson Bob.[81] However, the reconciliation attempt failed as Senator Bassey Albert Akpan left for the Young Progressives Party;[82] similarly, former Senator John James Akpan Udo-Edehe left the APC for the New Nigeria Peoples Party.[83] More disappointing news for the APC came at the end of July when INEC's list of provisional nominees did not recognize Akanimo Udofia as the nominee.[84] For the PDP, good news came at the beginning of August when MHR Onofiok Luke declined to defect and restart his gubernatorial campaign, instead endorsing Ono in a deal brokered by Ntenyin Solomon Etuk—the Oku Ibom Ibibio and Paramount Ruler of Nsit-Ubium.[85] However, a few days later, Akpan formally obtained the YPP nomination at a rerun primary.[6]

Observers noted that regional balance, not just party unity, would also be required for successful campaigns as the PDP faced internal issues due to the decision not to micro-zone the nomination; internal opponents pointed out that Ono is from a federal constituency that has already produced a governor.[86] Other factors included corruption allegations against Akpan and Eno, the relatively small size of the NNPP and YPP compared to the PDP, and a purported plot by some in the APC to coax Udo-Edehe back to the party to become its nominee.[87] The zoning controversy, along with the ongoing court case attempting to disqualify Ono based on certificate forgery, negatively impacted PDP campaigning in August and September.[88]

Conduct

Electoral timetable

On 26 February 2022, the Independent National Electoral Commission released the timetable, setting out key dates and deadlines for the election.[89] Months later on 27 May 2022, INEC made a slight revision to the timetable, allowing parties extra time to conduct primaries.[90]

  • 28 February 2022 – Publication of Notice of Election
  • 4 April 2022 – First day for the conduct of party primaries
  • 9 June 2022[a] – Final day for the conduct of party primaries, including the resolution of disputes arising from them
  • 1 July 2022 – First day for submission of nomination forms to INEC via the online portal
  • 15 July 2022 – Final day for submission of nomination forms to INEC via the online portal
  • 12 October 2022 – Commencement of the official campaign period
  • 16 March 2023[b] – Final day of the official campaign period

General election

2023 Akwa Ibom State gubernatorial election
Party Candidate Votes %
A
AA
ADP
APP
AAC
ADC
APM
APC
APGA
BP
LP
New Nigeria Peoples Party
NRM
PDP
PRP
SDP
YPP
ZLP
Total votes 100.00%
Invalid or blank votes N/A
Turnout

By senatorial district

The results of the election by senatorial district.

Senatorial District John James Akpan Udo-Edehe
NNPP 		Umo Eno
PDP 		Bassey Albert Akpan
YPP 		Others Total Valid Votes
Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage
Akwa Ibom North-East Senatorial District[c]
(Uyo Senatorial District) 		TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Akwa Ibom North-West Senatorial District[d]
(Ikot Ekpene Senatorial District) 		TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Akwa Ibom South Senatorial District[e]
(Eket Senatorial District) 		TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Totals TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD

By federal constituency

The results of the election by federal constituency.

Federal Constituency John James Akpan Udo-Edehe
NNPP 		Umo Eno
PDP 		Bassey Albert Akpan
YPP 		Others Total Valid Votes
Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage
Abak/Etim Ekpo/Ika Federal Constituency[f] TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Eket/Onna/Esit Eket/Ibeno Federal Constituency[g] TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Etinan/Nsit Ibom/Nsit Ubium Federal Constituency[h] TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Ikono/Ini Federal Constituency[i] TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Ikot Abasi/Mkpat Enin/Eastern Obolo Federal Constituency[j] TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Ikot Ekpene/Essien Udim/Obot Akara Federal Constituency[k] TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Itu/Ibiono Ibom Federal Constituency[l] TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Oron/Mbo/Okobo/Udung Uko/Urue Offong/Oruko Federal Constituency[m] TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Ukanafun/Oruk Anam Federal Constituency[n] TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Uyo/Uruan/Nsit Atai/Ibesikpo Asutan Federal Constituency[o] TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD
Totals TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD

By local government area

The results of the election by local government area.

LGA John James Akpan Udo-Edehe
NNPP 		Umo Eno
PDP 		Bassey Albert Akpan
YPP 		Others Total Valid Votes Turnout Percentage
Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage
Abak TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Eastern Obolo TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Eket TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Esit Eket TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Essien Udim TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Etim Ekpo TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Etinan TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Ibeno TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Ibesikpo Asutan TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Ibiono-Ibom TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Ika TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Ikono TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Ikot-Abasi TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Ikot Ekpene TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Ini TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Itu TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Mbo TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Mkpat-Enin TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Nsit-Atai TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Nsit-Ibom TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Nsit-Ubium TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Obot-Akara TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Okobo TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Onna TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Oron TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Oruk Anam TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Udung-Uko TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Ukanafun TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Uruan TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Urue-Offong/Oruko TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Uyo TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %
Totals TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The original deadline was 3 June; however, INEC pushed it back to 9 June at the behest of parties.[91]
  2. ^ The original deadline was 9 March; however, INEC pushed it back to 16 March.[92]
  3. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Etinan, Ibesikpo Asutan, Ibiono-Ibom, Itu, Nsit-Atai, Nsit-Ibom, Nsit-Ubium, Uruan, and Uyo.
  4. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Abak, Essien Udim, Etim Ekpo, Ika, Ikono, Ikot Ekpene, Ini, Obot-Akara, Oruk Anam, and Ukanafun.
  5. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Eastern Obolo, Eket, Esit Eket, Ibeno, Ikot-Abasi, Mbo, Mkpat-Enin, Okobo, Onna, Oron, Udung-Uko, and Urue-Offong/Oruko.
  6. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Abak, Etim Ekpo, and Ika.
  7. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Eket, Esit Eket, Ibeno, and Onna.
  8. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Etinan, Nsit-Ibom, and Nsit-Ubium.
  9. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Ikono and Ini.
  10. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Eastern Obolo, Ikot-Abasi, and Mkpat-Enin.
  11. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Essien Udim, Ikot Ekpene, and Obot-Akara.
  12. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Ibiono-Ibom and Itu.
  13. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Mbo, Okobo, Oron, Udung-Uko, and Urue-Offong/Oruko.
  14. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Oruk Anam and Ukanafun.
  15. ^ Comprising the local government areas of Ibesikpo Asutan, Nsit-Atai, Uruan, and Uyo.

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