Talk:Lists of universities in France
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Why this page?
[edit]There are eighty-one public universities in France. This list directs readers to the articles for each of the universities, and also distinguishes these universities from the non-public universities and from institutions that might otherwise be confused with public universities (for instance, the universities of technology, former universities such as the University of Paris, and university systems such as the University of Toulouse).
This list also helps readers find the appropriate articles for universities that may be known by multiple names. For example, Université Pierre-Mendès-France is also known as Grenoble 2, or by its initials UPMF. A university's name can be rendered into English in a multitude of ways: for example, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2 could be rendered as Victor Segalen University Bordeaux 2 or Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2 University.
This list is organized by academy in order to group the universities into related units. A strictly alphabetic list would be less informative, and would require multiple entries for each of a given university's multiple possible names.
MyPOV 02:18, 2 December 2007 (UTC)
Universities of Paris
[edit]There is a strong tendency to adhere to the old numbering terminology of the University of Paris system, with its thirteen universities, Paris 1 - Paris 13, or Paris I - Paris XIII. This view of the system is so well anchored in people's thinking that it is even reflected in some official sites. However, there are two ways in which this system no longer reflects the underlying reality:
- The thirteen universities no longer fall under the administrative purview of a single academy based in Paris. Paris 8, Paris 12, and Paris 13 are in the Academy of Créteil, and Paris 10 and Paris 11 are in the Academy of Versailles. For documentary evidence on the web, please see the Academy of Créteil's presentation of its universities, the Academy of Versailles' presentation of its universities, and this list of public universities by academy from the Ministry of Education.
- Two of the universities no longer identify themselves by their old numbers. To see this, please visit the web sites of Paris Descartes University (formerly Paris 5, and still using a Paris 5 URL) and Pierre and Marie Curie University (formerly Paris 6). The former Paris 9 is now called Paris Dauphine University and is no longer a public university.
Wikipedia should be helping its readers understand this new, and somewhat messier, reality, even if it means giving up a neat, but outdated, organizing schema. At the same time, it should also present the history of the University of Paris system, including the time when there were thirteen numbered campuses. Perhaps the correct place for this would be in the article on the University of Paris?
MyPOV 19:58, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
Naming guidelines
[edit]
The first question is whether to use the French name for a university or to render the name into English. The approach taken in this list, and in the accompanying articles, is to render the name into English. There are several reasons for this:
- The general naming convention on the English version of Wikipedia is to use English.
- The Wikipedia Universities Project has a template for describing universities, and guidelines for writing articles about universities. These call for providing the name in English, followed by the name in the native language.
- In Wikipedia articles for universities in other countries where the term for university is close to the English (just as the French "université de" is close enough to "university of" to be mutually comprehensible), in most cases the practice is to nonetheless use an English version of the name.
- When French universities have an English version of their web site, their own practice is to render the name into English.
- Consistency. Since we've already used English names for most French universities, we should have a particularly good reason to make an exception.
Another naming question concerns university systems. Several French universities that were, or are still, part of a multi-campus city university system, have maintained their campus number as a part of their name, while also adopting a new name to go along with it. The question is how to render these names.
The answer depends in part on how the number is indicated: whether it is on a par with the new name, or subservient to it. Here are two examples:
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1: Here, the name Claude Bernard and the number Lyon 1 are at the same level. We could render this as Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University or Claude Bernard University Lyon 1. To help the non-French reader parse the name, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 is better. (Otherwise, someone might think there's a series of universities named after a certain Claude Bernard Lyon.)
- Université Paul-Valéry, Montpellier III: Here, the number Montpellier III is subservient to the name. (Actually, I've never seen this particular name written out in French with both the name and the number, except in the university logo. But the logo is the identity that it projects to the world, and in that logo, the number is written below and in a smaller font. We can use a comma to denote this.) So we would render this as Paul Valéry University, Montpellier III.
The latter example illustrates a few other naming points:
- It is a French convention to place a hyphen in a proper name when that name is included as the name of an institution. This is not a convention in English, so we drop the hyphen. Paul-Valéry becomes Paul Valéry.
- We leave the French accents in the name. This seems to be the accepted practice in the English version of Wikipedia.
- We don't impose a rule for standardizing the numbering to either Roman or Arabic numerals. Lyon 1 uses an Arabic numeral, so we write it that way, and Montpellier III uses a Roman numeral, so we respect that as well.
Names of the universities
[edit]The following is a list of the English-language Wikipedia entry names of each of the eighty-one public universities in France. Each name in the list links to the the discussion for that entry regarding the English-language name to attribute to the university. If the name corresponds to an English-language name designated by the university itself, this is indicated with a star (★). If the name differs from an English-language name designated by the university, this is indicated with a box (■). If no English-language name designated by the university could be found, this is indicated with a disc (●). The list is not yet complete.
- University of Provence (also: Aix-Marseille I; French: Université de Provence : Aix-Marseille I)
- University of the Mediterranean (also: Aix-Marseille II; French: Université de la Méditerranée : Aix-Marseille II)
- Paul Cézanne University ★ (long name: Paul Cézanne University Aix-Marseille III; French: Université Paul Cézanne : Aix-Marseille III)
- University of Avignon ★ (long name: University of Avignon and the Vaucluse; French: Université d'Avignon et des pays du Vaucluse)
- University of Picardie Jules Verne ★ (Université de Picardie Jules Verne)
- University of Franche-Comté ★ (Université de Franche-Comté)
- University of Bordeaux 1 ★ (Université Bordeaux 1 Sciences Technologies or Bordeaux 1)
- Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2 University (Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2)
- Michel de Montaigne University Bordeaux 3 [1] (Université Michel de Montaigne Bordeaux 3)
- Montesquieu University - Bordeaux IV [2] (Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV)
- University of Pau and Pays de l'Adour (Université de Pau et des pays de l'Adour)
- University of Caen Lower Normandy [3] (Université de Caen Basse-Normandie)
- University of Auvergne ★ (Université d'Auvergne, formerly Clermont 1)
- Blaise Pascal University ★ (Université Blaise Pascal, formerly Clermont-Ferrand II)
- University of Corsica Pascal Paoli (Corsican: Università di Corsica Pasquale Paoli, French: Université de Corse Pascal Paoli)
- Paris 8 University ★ (Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis)
- Paris 12 Val de Marne University (Université Paris 12 Val de Marne)
- Paris 13 University (Université Paris 13 - Paris Nord, UP13)
- University of Burgundy (Université de Bourgogne)
- University of French West Indies and Guiana ★ (Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UAG)
- University of French Polynesia (Université de la Polynésie Française)
- University of Savoy ■ (Université de Savoie)
- Joseph Fourier University (Université Joseph Fourier, formerly Grenoble I)
- Pierre Mendès-France University [4] (Université Pierre-Mendès-France or UPMF, formerly Grenoble 2)
- Stendhal University (Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3)
- Artois University (Université d'Artois)
- Lille University of Science and Technology (Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille or USTL, also known as Lille 1)
- Lille 2 University of Health and Law ★ (Université Lille 2 Droit et Santé)
- Charles de Gaulle University - Lille III (Université Charles-de-Gaulle - Lille 3)
- University of the Littoral Opal Coast ● (Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULCO)
- University of Valenciennes and Hainaut-Cambresis (Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis, UVHC)
- University of Limoges ✭ (Université de Limoges)
- Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 (Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1)
- Lumière University Lyon 2 ■ (Université Lumière Lyon 2)
- Jean Moulin University Lyon 3 (Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3)
- Jean Monnet University (Université Jean Monnet)
- University of Montpellier 1 (Université de Montpellier 1)
- Montpellier 2 University (Université Montpellier 2)
- Paul Valéry University, Montpellier III (Université Paul-Valéry, Montpellier III)
- University of Nîmes [5] (Université de Nîmes or Unîmes, until recently the Nîmes University Centre for Training and Research or Centre universitaire de Formation et de Recherche de Nîmes)
- University of Perpignan Via Dometia ✭ (Université de Perpignan Via Dometia)
- Paul Verlaine University - Metz (Université Paul Verlaine - Metz)
- Henri Poincaré University ● (Université Henri Poincaré, UHP, also known as Nancy 1)
- Nancy 2 University [6] (Université Nancy 2)
- University of Angers (Université d'Angers)
- University of Maine (France) (Université du Maine)
- University of Nantes (Université de Nantes)
- University of Nice Sophia Antipolis [7] (Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UNice)
- University of the South, Toulon-Var (Université du Sud - Toulon-Var, USTV)
- University of Orléans [8] (Université d'Orléans)
- François Rabelais University [9] (Université François-Rabelais)
- University of New Caledonia (Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie)
- University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne ★ (Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne)
- Pantheon-Assas Paris II University (Université Panthéon-Assas Paris II)
- University of the New Sorbonne (Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle, also known as Paris III)
- Paris-Sorbonne University (Université Paris Sorbonne - Paris IV)
- Paris Descartes University ★ (Université Paris Descartes, formerly Paris 5)
- Pierre and Marie Curie University [10] (Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC, formerly Paris 6)
- Paris 7 - Denis Diderot University (Université Paris 7 - Denis Diderot)
- University of Marne la Vallée (Université de Marne la Vallée, UMLV)
- University of Poitiers [11] (Université de Poitiers)
- University of La Rochelle ★ (Université de La Rochelle)
- University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne (Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne)
- University of Western Brittany (Université de Bretagne Occidentale)
- University of Southern Brittany (Université de Bretagne Sud)
- University of Rennes 1 [12] (Université de Rennes 1)
- University of Rennes 2 - Upper Brittany [13] (Université Rennes 2 - Haute Bretagne)
- University of La Réunion [14] (Université de la Réunion)
- University of Le Havre ✭ (Université du Havre)
- University of Rouen (Université de Rouen)
- University of Strasbourg (Université de Strasbourg)
- Upper Alsace University ★ (Université de Haute Alsace)
- Toulouse 1 University Social Sciences (Université Toulouse 1 Sciences Sociales)
- University of Toulouse II - Le Mirail (Université de Toulouse II - Le Mirail)
- Paul Sabatier University (Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III)
- Jean-François Champollion University Center for Teaching and Research (Centre universitaire de Formation et de Recherche Jean-François Champollion)
- Cergy-Pontoise University [15] (Université de Cergy-Pontoise)
- Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University ★ (Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UVSQ)
- University of Évry Val d'Essonne (Université d'Évry - Val d'Essonne)
- Paris X University Nanterre (Université Paris X Nanterre, UPX)
- Paris-Sud 11 University [16] (Université Paris-Sud 11)
New list
[edit]Draft for a new, sortable list. MyPOV (talk) 03:21, 31 December 2007 (UTC)
Source for statistics: RERS 2007 (Repères et références statistiques sur les enseignements, la formation et la recherche - édition 2007, Ministère de l’Éducation nationale, Direction de l’évaluation et de la prospective et de la performance (DEPP): September 2007. ISSN 1635-9089, ISBN 978-11-095421-3.). Any partial use of the statistics in this publication is authorized, so long as the source is mentioned (Le ministère de l’Éducation nationale et le ministère de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche souhaitent la meilleure utilisation et la plus large diffusion possibles des informations contenues dans ce document. Toute reproduction partielle est donc autorisée sans demande préalable ; on veillera toutefois à ce que la source soit bien mentionnée.).
Note: The table can be sorted using the "><" icon.
| Academy | Short Name | University | French Name | French Short Name [17] | Enrollment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aix-Marseille | Provence | University of Provence | Université de Provence : Aix-Marseille I | Aix I | 21,125 |
| Aix-Marseille | Mediterranean | University of the Mediterranean | Université de la Méditerranée : Aix-Marseille II | Aix II | 20,991 |
| Aix-Marseille | Cézanne | Paul Cézanne University | Université Paul Cézanne : Aix-Marseille III | Aix III | 21,365 |
| Aix-Marseille | Avignon | University of Avignon | Université d'Avignon et des pays du Vaucluse | Avignon | 6,637 |
| Amiens | Picardie | University of Picardie Jules Verne | Université de Picardie Jules Verne | Amiens | 20,916 |
| Besançon | Franche-Comté | University of Franche-Comté | Université de Franche-Comté | Besançon | 19,829 |
| Bordeaux | Bordeaux 1 | University of Bordeaux 1 | Université Bordeaux 1 Sciences Technologies | Bordeaux I | 11,512 |
| Bordeaux | Segalen | Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2 University | Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2 | Bordeaux II | 17,694 |
| Bordeaux | Montaigne | Michel de Montaigne University Bordeaux 3 | Université Michel de Montaigne Bordeaux 3 | Bordeaux III | 15,600 |
| Bordeaux | Montesquieu | Montesquieu University - Bordeaux IV | Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV | Bordeaux IV | 14,388 |
| Bordeaux | Pau | University of Pau and the Adour region | Université de Pau et des pays de l'Adour | Pau | 11,733 |
| Caen | Caen | University of Caen Lower Normandy | Université de Caen Basse-Normandie | Caen | 25,102 |
| Clermont-Ferrand | Auvergne | University of Auvergne | Université d'Auvergne | Clermont I | 13,347 |
| Clermont-Ferrand | Pascal | Blaise Pascal University | Université Blaise Pascal | Clermont II | 13,833 |
| Corsica | Paoli | University of Corsica Pascal Paoli | Université de Corse Pascal Paoli | Corse | 3,932 |
| Créteil | Paris 8 | Paris 8 University | Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis | ||
| Créteil | Paris 12 | Paris 12 Val de Marne University | Université Paris 12 Val de Marne | ||
| Créteil | Paris 13 | Paris 13 University - Paris North | Université Paris 13 - Paris Nord | ||
| Créteil | Marne la Vallée | University of Marne la Vallée | Université de Marne la Vallée | Marne la Vallée | 10,552 |
| Dijon | Burgundy | University of Burgundy | Université de Bourgogne | ||
| French Guiana | West Indies | French West Indies University | Université des Antilles et de la Guyane | ||
| French Polynesia | French Polynesia | University of French Polynesia | Université de la Polynésie Française | ||
| Grenoble | Savoie | University of Savoie | Université de Savoie | ||
| Grenoble | Fourier | Joseph Fourier University | Université Joseph Fourier | ||
| Grenoble | Mendès-France | Pierre Mendès-France University | Université Pierre-Mendès-France | ||
| Grenoble | Stendahl | Stendhal University | Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3 | ||
| Lille | Artois | Artois University | Université d'Artois | ||
| Lille | Sci/Tech | Lille University of Science and Technology | Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille | ||
| Lille | Lille 2 | Lille 2 University of Health and Law | Université Lille 2 Droit et Santé | ||
| Lille | de Gaulle | Charles de Gaulle University - Lille III | Université Charles-de-Gaulle - Lille 3 | ||
| Lille | Littoral | University of the Littoral Opal Coast | Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale | ||
| Lille | Valenciennes | University of Valenciennes and Hainaut-Cambresis | Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis | ||
| Limoges | Limoges | University of Limoges | Université de Limoges | ||
| Lyon | Bernard | Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 | Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 | ||
| Lyon | Lumière | Lumière University Lyon 2 | Université Lumière Lyon 2 | ||
| Lyon | Moulin | Jean Moulin University Lyon 3 | Université Jean Moulin Lyon 3 | ||
| Lyon | Monnet | Jean Monnet University | Université Jean Monnet | ||
| Montpellier | Montpellier 1 | University of Montpellier 1 | Université de Montpellier 1 | ||
| Montpellier | Montpellier 2 | Montpellier 2 University | Université Montpellier 2 | ||
| Montpellier | Valéry | Paul Valéry University, Montpellier III | Université Paul-Valéry, Montpellier III | ||
| Montpellier | Unîmes | University of Nîmes | Université de Nîmes | ||
| Montpellier | Perpignan | University of Perpignan Via Dometia | Université de Perpignan Via Dometia | ||
| Nancy and Metz | Verlaine | Paul Verlaine University - Metz | Université Paul Verlaine - Metz | ||
| Nancy and Metz | Poincaré | Henri Poincaré University | Université Henri Poincaré | ||
| Nancy and Metz | Nancy 2 | Nancy 2 University | Université Nancy 2 | ||
| Nantes | Angers | University of Angers | Université d'Angers | ||
| Nantes | Maine | University of Maine (France) | Université du Maine | ||
| Nantes | Nantes | University of Nantes | Université de Nantes | ||
| Nice | Nice | University of Nice Sophia Antipolis | Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis | ||
| Nice | South | University of the South, Toulon-Var | Université du Sud - Toulon-Var | ||
| Orléans and Tours | Orléans | University of Orléans | Université d'Orléans | ||
| Orléans and Tours | Rabelais | François Rabelais University | Université François-Rabelais | ||
| New Caledonia | New Caledonia | University of New Caledonia | Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie | ||
| Paris | Paris 1 | Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne University | Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne | ||
| Paris | Pantheon-Assas | Pantheon-Assas Paris II University | Université Panthéon-Assas Paris II | ||
| Paris | New Sorbonne | University of the New Sorbonne | Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle | ||
| Paris | Paris-Sorbonne | Paris-Sorbonne University | Université Paris Sorbonne - Paris IV | ||
| Paris | Descartes | Paris Descartes University | Université Paris Descartes | ||
| Paris | Curie | Pierre and Marie Curie University | Université Pierre et Marie Curie | ||
| Paris | Diderot | Paris 7 - Denis Diderot University | Université Paris 7 - Denis Diderot | ||
| Poitiers | Poitiers | University of Poitiers | Université de Poitiers | ||
| Poitiers | La Rochelle | University of La Rochelle | Université de La Rochelle | ||
| Reims | Reims | University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne | Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne | ||
| Rennes | Western Brittany | University of Western Brittany | Université de Bretagne Occidentale | ||
| Rennes | Southern Brittany | University of Southern Brittany | Université de Bretagne Sud | ||
| Rennes | Rennes 1 | University of Rennes 1 | Université de Rennes 1 | ||
| Rennes | Rennes 2 | University of Rennes 2 - Upper Brittany | Université Rennes 2 - Haute Bretagne | ||
| Réunion | Réunion | University of La Réunion | Université de la Réunion | ||
| Rouen | Le Havre | University of Le Havre | Université du Havre | ||
| Rouen | Rouen | University of Rouen | Université de Rouen | ||
| Strasbourg | Upper Alsace | Upper Alsace University | Université de Haute Alsace | ||
| Strasbourg | Pasteur | Louis Pasteur University | Université Louis Pasteur | ||
| Strasbourg | Bloch | Marc Bloch University | Université Marc Bloch | ||
| Strasbourg | Schuman | Robert Schuman University | Université Robert Schuman | ||
| Toulouse | Toulouse 1 | Toulouse 1 University Social Sciences | Université Toulouse 1 Sciences Sociales | ||
| Toulouse | Le Mirail | University of Toulouse II - Le Mirail | Université de Toulouse II - Le Mirail | ||
| Toulouse | Sabatier | Paul Sabatier University | Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III | ||
| Toulouse | Champollion | Jean-François Champollion University Center for Teaching and Research | Centre universitaire de Formation et de Recherche Jean-François Champollion | ||
| Versailles | Cergy-Pontoise | Cergy-Pontoise University | Université de Cergy-Pontoise | ||
| Versailles | Versailles | Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University | Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines | ||
| Versailles | Évry | University of Évry Val d'Essonne | Université d'Évry - Val d'Essonne | ||
| Versailles | Nanterre | Paris X University Nanterre | Université Paris X Nanterre | ||
| Versailles | Paris-Sud | Paris-Sud 11 University | Université Paris-Sud 11 |
Poor/non-conventional translation
[edit]Some of these translations are appalling and entirely unconventional: having studied and taught at Lyon 2, nobody refers to it in English as 'Lumiere University'. The usual translations are along the lines of University [Louis] Lumiere - Lyon 2/University of Lyon 2 - [Louis] Lumiere/Lyon 2 - University [Louis] Lumiere. Someone needs to find sources in academic translation manuals rather than in inventing their own translations. —Preceding unsigned comment added by TheOctafish (talk • contribs) 13:41, 19 April 2010 (UTC)
- A name such as University Lumière is unidiomatic in English. When coupled with a proper name X, the idiomatic form is X University. MyPOV (talk) 06:42, 21 April 2010 (UTC)
Notes and sources
[edit]- ^ The English language web site of Université Michel de Montaigne Bordeaux 3 refers to the university variously as University Michel de Montaigne Bordeaux 3 (retrieved 2007-10-27), which is not idiomatic, and Michel de Montaigne University (retrieved 2007-10-27), which ignores the other part of the official French name. Michel de Montaigne University Bordeaux 3 is both idiomatic and keeps both parts of the name.
- ^ The English language welcome page (retrieved 2007-10-27) for Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV refers to the university as the University of Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, but this is non-idiomatic. The closest idiomatically-correct rendering into English is Montesquieu University - Bordeaux IV.
- ^ Université de Caen Basse-Normandie does not have English language pages as part of its main web site, but it does have an American house on campus, and its web site (retrieved 2007-10-27) refers to the university as the University of Caen Lower Normandy.
- ^ Université Pierre-Mendès-France calls itself Pierre Mendès France University on its English language web site (retrieved 2007-10-29). We add back the hyphen between the two parts of the surname for clarity, and to be consistent with the Wikpedia entry for Mendès-France, to obtain Pierre Mendès-France University.
- ^ Université de Nîmes refers to itself on its English language web site (retrieved 2007-10-27) as the Nîmes University Centre for Study and Research. However, this name is the English translation of the old name of the university, which was, through summer 2007, Centre universitaire de Formation et de Recherche de Nîmes. University of Nîmes is a straightforward English rendering of the new name.
- ^ Université Nancy 2 refers to itself as Nancy 2 University on the English version of its web site (retrieved 2007-10-28).
- ^ Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis calls itself the University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis on its English language web site (retrieved 2007-11-06). We drop the hyphen, which is a French language idiom for the inclusion a proper name as part of a longer proper name, since Sophia Antipolis does not itself use a hyphen in its name (retrieved 2007-11-06). Thus we render the name as University of Nice Sophia Antipolis.
- ^ Université d'Orléans refers to itself on its web site's English language welcome page (retrieved 2007-10-28) as the University of Orleans. Since it is the practice on the English version of Wikipedia to include French accents in French proper names, we entitle the entry University of Orléans.
- ^ Université François-Rabelais does not have an English language version of its web site. In French, it refers to itself as Université François-Rabelais (retrieved 2007-10-28). The most direct English rendering of the name, dropping the French usage of a hyphen between first and last names, is François Rabelais University.
- ^ Université Pierre et Marie Curie calls itself Pierre and Marie Curie University on its English language web site (retrieved 2007-10-29).
- ^ Université de Poitiers calls itself the University of Poitiers on its English language web site (retrieved 2007-11-06).
- ^ Université de Rennes 1 calls itself University of Rennes 1 on its English language web site (retrieved 2007-11-06).
- ^ Université Rennes 2 - Haute Bretagne has a brochure (retrieved 2007-10-28) that describes the university in both French and English. It refers to the university in English as the University of Rennes 2 - Upper Brittany.
- ^ Université de la Réunion refers to itself as the University of La Réunion on its English language web site (retrieved 2007-10-28).
- ^ Université de Cergy-Pontoise calls itself Cergy-Pontoise University on its English language web site (retrieved 2007-11-06).
- ^ Université Paris-Sud 11 calls itself Paris-Sud 11 University on its English language welcome page.
- ^ The French Short Name is the Name used in the education ministry's statistical documents.
Updates needed
[edit]The list on this page is seriously out of date. Many institution names have changed and there have been a number of mergers and at least one split. The French ministry of higher education and research lists 73 "Université" as of 24 July 2015. There is an open data portal with details on names, wikidata links, etc. available here: Principaux établissements d'enseignement supérieur. I propose to replace the main list on this page with an up-to-date table similar to MyPOV's above - however skipping the abbreviated names and enrollment, and adding in the University website link from the above data source. I'll probably get this in some time next week unless somebody objects? Thanks... ArthurPSmith (talk) 12:17, 25 July 2015 (UTC)
- So, these changes have been made. I also moved the university systems page (largely on the PRES associations) to a more historical state and added the current associations to this page. Hope this is found suitable. The list here is current as of the 24 July 2015 information from the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research. — Preceding unsigned comment added by ArthurPSmith (talk • contribs) 14:46, 4 August 2015 (UTC)
Dipelajari dan diteliti dengan secara halus dan yakin dan percaya daya kekuatan GOD ALLAH ONLY IN THE WORLD,dan tiada daya yang lain,semua apa yang di langit dan di bumi dan yang tidak kita ketahui adalah MILIK ALLAHHUAKBAR DAN NABI MUHAMMAD ADALAH KEKASIHNYA.ISLAM IS PEACE. APAIBELOK BENTARA LUAR (talk) 23:11, 9 June 2018 (UTC)