User:MarioGom/sandbox/MEK bibliography

See also: User:MarioGom/MEK propaganda and User:MarioGom/sandbox/MEK cult sources

This is an annotated bibliography on the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran.

Tertiary sources

• Kushner, Harvey, ed. (2003). "Mujahedin-E-Khalq Organization". Mujahedin-E-Khalq Organization. Encyclopedia of Terrorism. SAGE Publications. pp. 245–246. doi:10.4135/9781412952590.n298. ISBN 9780761924081.
• Abrahamian, Ervand (2009). "Mujāhidīn". In Esposito, John (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-530513-5.
  Cites Abrahamian 1989, Rubin 2003.
• Ciment, James, ed. (2011). "Directory of Terrorist Groups and Individuals: Mojahedin-e Khalq Organization (MEK or MKO)". World Terrorism: An Encyclopedia of Political Violence from Ancient Times to the Post-9/11 Era: An Encyclopedia of Political Violence from Ancient Times to the Post-9/11 Era. World Terrorism: An Encyclopedia of Political Violence from Ancient Times to the Post-9/11 Era. Routledge. ISBN 9781317451525.
• Rezai, Hamid (2014). "Mujāhidīn-i Khalq". In Shahin, Emad (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics. Oxford University Press.
  Cites Abrahamian 1989, Goulka et al. 2009.

Secondary sources

Academic

• Abrahamian, Ervand (1989). Radical Islam: The Iranian Mojahedin. I. B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-85043-077-3.
  Possibly the most cited academic work on the MEK. This can be considered as the top source about the MEK since their inception to the 1980s. Cited by Rezai 2014, Goulka et al. 2009.
• Goulka, Jeremiah; Hansell, Lydia; Wilke, Elizabeth; Larson, Judith (2009). The Mujahedin-e Khalq in Iraq: A Policy Conundrum (PDF) (Report). RAND Corporation. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 February 2016.
  A report by RAND Corporation, commissioned by the US government. Arguably not the most unbiased source, but it is very frequently cited in reliable secondary and tertiary sources. Cited by Rezai 2014.

Press

Reliable

• "Iranian rebels reported expelled Mujahedeen may be casualties of Iraq's need for detente". The Globe and Mail. Associated Press. 22 October 1990. p. A10.
  Disputed reports of MEK exile from Iraq and Massoud Rajavi exile to Germany.
• Sallot, Jeff (12 December 1998). "The terrorist among us". The Globe and Mail. p. A14.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers the story of Mansour Ahani, an alleged Iran intelligence agent in Canada (later disputed in Court). Discusses the topic in relation to the MEK, in particular MEK operations in Canada, but it seems rather tangential. Outdated: See 13 September 2003 coverage by Bell Stewart, and Ahani's involvement with MEK.
• Rosenzweig, David (27 October 1999). "Man Convicted of Assisting Terrorist Group". Los Angeles Times.
  Covers Bahram Tabatabai's conviction for forging visas for MEK members.
• "IRAQ IS SPENDING TENS OF MILLIONS TO BUILD BASE FOR IRANIAN OPPOSITION GROUP, U.S. SAYS". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Associated Press. 25 March 2000.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers allegations by James Rubin.
• Adams, Lorraine (6 May 2000). "Iranian Rights Activist's Backers Assail Bid to Deport Her". The Washington Post. p. A7.
  Covers Mahnaz Samadi detention and attempt to deport her. Covers NLA as armed wing of the MEK.
• McDermott, Terry; Nelson, Soraya Sarhaddi (1 March 2001). "7 Accused of Raising Funds at Airports for Iran Terrorist Group". Los Angeles Times.
  Covers charges against five people for fundraising for the MEK. Times staff writers David Rosenzweig and Robin Wright contributed to this story.
• McDermott, Terry (3 March 2001). "Iranian Opposition Group Denies Links to 7 Accused in L.A." Los Angeles Times.
  Shahin Gobadi, MEK spokeperson, denying MEK relation to the case.
• Gadher, Dipesh (15 April 2001). "Top law chambers advises terror group". Sunday Times.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers Bindmans and Matrix in relation to a position in favor of MEK in the UK. Too short and vague to be useful on its own.
• Krikorian, Greg (21 December 2001). "RESPONSE TO TERROR; 5 Tied to L.A. Case, Germany Alleges". Los Angeles Times. p. A4.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers FBI collaboration with Germany and operation in Colonge.
• Bowcott, Owen (23 February 2002). "Kurds challenge terror group ban". The Guardian.
  Covers attempts to delist PKK and MEK in the UK, Lord Lester QC's role.
• Moehler, Christine; Tait, Nikki (23 February 2002). "Banned groups challenge terror list inclusion". Financial Times.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers attempts to delist MEK in the UK, Lord Lester QC's role. More complete coverage at The Guardian.
• Wallace, Bill (10 March 2002). "Terrorists mimic crime syndicates to fund attacks / FBI investigation finds groups engaging in cigarette and fuel smuggling, fraud, hijacking goods and money laundering". San Francisco Chronicle.
  Covers various groups, covers prior FBI investigations, but it does not add new reporting compared to previous coverage by Los Angeles Times and others.
• Dreyfuss, Bob. "Colin Powell's List". The Nation.
  Criticism of US terrorist designation lists, briefly covers the MEK.
• Garrison, Jessica; Rosenzweig, David (22 June 2002). "Terror Funding Charges Rejected". Los Angeles Times.
  Judge rules that the methods used by the State Department to designate terrorist groups deprives defendants from due process rights.
• Harding, Luke (18 February 2003). "Iraqi defence minister 'under house arrest'". The Guardian.
  Briefly covers MEK in the Iraq War. Also published at the Irish Times.
• Burns, Jimmy; Huband, Mark (21 March 2003). "Call for new investigation into banned Iranian group". Financial Times.
  Available at ProQuest. Emma Nicholson call for an investigation of MEK operations in the UK, front organizations.
• Jehl, Douglas (17 April 2003). "U.S. bombed bases of Iranian rebels in Iraq Group is targeted as terrorist organization". International Herald Tribune.
  Available at ProQuest.
• Cloud, David S. (17 April 2003). "Iraq After Hussein: U.S. Bombs Iranian Opposition Fighters in Iraq". Wall Street Journal. p. A8.
  Available at ProQuest.
• Salopek, Paul (30 April 2003). "Kurdish rebels huddled in Iraq". Chicago Tribune.
  MEK surrenders to the US.
• "U.S. report cites 44% drop in global terror". Chicago Tribune. 1 May 2003.
• Salopek, Paul (5 May 2003). "Militia tries a charm offensive". Chicago Tribune.
  Covers the US plans to use the MEK as a bargaining chip with Iran, plans to disarm the group.
• "U.S. seeks Iranian militia's surrender". Chicago Tribune. 10 May 2003.
  Available at ProQuest.
• "U.S. Troops Surround Iranian Opposition Group in Iraq". The Washington Post. Associated Press. 10 May 2003.
• Meixler, Louis. "U.S. troops surround Iranian rebel group". The Globe and Mail. Associated Press. p. A17.
• "U.S. gets Iranian rebels in Iraq to disarm". Chicago Tribune. 11 May 2003.
• Slater, Eric (12 May 2003). "Labeled terrorist group turns over weapons to U.S.". Los Angeles Times.
• Cloud, David S. (13 May 2003). "U.S.-Iran Talks Underscore Discord". Wall Street Journal.
• Schroeder, Michael (16 May 2003). "Iran's Bioweapons Fiercer, Foes Say". Wall Street Journal.
• Borger, Julian; De Luce, Dan (24 May 2003). "Pentagon sets sights on a new Tehran regime". The Guardian.
  Discusses US plans to use the MEK against Iran.
• Coman, Julian; McElroy, Damian (1 June 2003). "US considers helping terror group to stop Iran's nuclear programme". The Daily Telegraph.
  Covers Pentagon and State of Department policy struggle over MEK's role.
• Karvelas, Patricia. "Police raids on Iranian `rebels' in three cities". The Australian.
  Raid in Australia believed to be related to the MEK.
• Karvelas, Patricia; Walters, Patrick; Morris, Sophie; Kerin, John (5 June 2003). "Police track Iranian `rebel' money trail". The Australian.
  Raid was conducted to investigate if money was being channeled to the MEK.
• "Freedom fighter or foe?". The Australian. 5 June 2003.
  Available at ProQuest. Further discussion of the Australian raid, and MEK activity in Australia during the previous 30 years. TBD: need to check if this is an op-ed.
• Shishkin, Philip; Cooper, Christopher (18 June 2003). "French Police Raid Targets Iranian Resistance Faction". Wall Street Journal.
• Wolffe, Richard (29 June 2003). "Firefight Over Iran". Newsweek.
  A less in-depth piece compared to the follow up published on 30 June 2003.
• Wolffe, Richard; Dehghanpisheh, Babak (30 June 2003). "The Next Flashpoint; The United States wants to help Iranian reformers and stop the ayatollahs from going nuclear. But the administration is conflicted about how to achieve those policy goals". Newsweek. p. 20.
  Available at ProQuest. Discussess US bombing the MEK, disarmament deal, MEK lobbying, Coalition for Democracy in Iran (neoconservative lobby group).
• Rotella, Sebastian (1 July 2003). "Hunger Strikers Line a Sunny Lane in France". Los Angeles Times.
  Protests by MEK supporters in France.
• Rubin, Elizabeth (13 July 2003). "The Cult of Rajavi". The New York Times.
  This long form piece is frequently cited in academic sources. Cited by Abrahamian 2009.
• Slavin, Barbara (4 August 2003). "Iran might swap terrorists for help from U.S". USA Today.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers Iran proposal to swap Al-Qaeda for MEK terrorists.
• Dunphy, Harry (16 August 2003). "U.S. freezes assets of foe to Iranian government". Chicago Tribune. p. 5.
  Available at ProQuest. Secretary of State Colin Powell ordered the freezing of assets and closure of two offices connected to an Iranian opposition group, the State Department announced Friday.
• Kessler, Glenn (11 September 2003). "State Questions Military Tolerance of Iranian Dissidents". The Washington Post.
• Holley, David (12 September 2003). "General Seeks to Allay Fears About Iran Group". Los Angeles Times.
• Vick, Karl (9 November 2003). "In a Delicate Balancing Act, U.S. Woos Iranian Group in Iraq". The Washington Post. p. A22.
  Camp Ashraf, MEK attacks on Kurds, struggle between Department of State and Pentagon, past US airstrikes on MEK.
• Kessler, Glenn (13 November 2003). "Rice Clarifies Stand On Iranian Group". The Washington Post.
• Peterson, Scott (8 August 2011). "Iranian group's big-money push to get off US terrorist list". The Christian Science Monitor.
  Special investigation on MEK's lobbying for delisting in the US.
• Motamedi, Maziar (3 July 2023). "Iran condemns MEK rally in France as support for 'terrorism'". Al Jazeera.

Unassessed reliability

• "Iran executions alarm Amnesty". Ottawa Citizen. United Press International. 13 December 1988.
• Timmerman, Kenneth R. (January 1998). "Torricelli's terrorist list friends". The American Spectator. 31 (1): 26–31.
  Available at ProQuest. Unclear whether this is an opinion piece. Documents MEK-linked donations to Robert Torricelli, front organizations, and politicians deceived to sign support letters.
• Bell, Stewart (13 January 1999). "Members of 12 terrorist groups arrested in Canada". National Post. p. A1.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers Canada's claim that 3 members of the MEK (Robab Farahi Mahdaviah, Parvin Khassebaf and Effat Nejati) are declared a threat to Canada's national security and were previously deported.
• Hartlaub, Peter; Gittrich, Greg (17 March 1999). "VALLEY VISA RING LINKED TO TERRORISTS". Los Angeles Daily News. p. N1.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers ongoing investigation alleging a that a MEK-linked fraud ring faked visas and charged for entry in the US, including smuggling MEK members into the US.
• Gillis, Charlie (26 June 1999). "Suspected terrorist caught at U.S. border, wants back into Canada". National Post. p. A4.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers Hussein Shams' deportation for alleged links to the MEK.
• Hamilton, Graeme (28 February 2012). "Help Iran's MEK". National Post. p. A1.
  Available at ProQuest. Discusses lobbying campaign for MEK de-listing.
• Aschoff, Susan (21 January 2000). "The eight immigrants". St. Petersburg Times. p. 10A.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers immigration fraud. Prefer usage of piece by David Rosenzweig (27 October 1999) from Los Angeles Times.
• Thompson, John C. (7 March 2000). "Terrorism is as terrorism does: Old terrorists never die; they just become irrelevant". Ottawa Citizen. p. A15.
  Available at ProQuest. Possibly an opinion piece (needs checking) by the Mackenzie Institute.
• Krasnowski, Matt (1 March 2001). "7 held in LAX donation scheme; Gifts may have aided terrorism". Daily Breeze. p. A1.
  Available at ProQuest. Prefer use of equivalent stories at Los Angeles Times.
• Krasnowski, Matt (14 March 2001). "7 indicted in terrorist fund raising". Daily Breeze. p. A13.
  Available at ProQuest. Prefer use of equivalent stories at Los Angeles Times.
• Chappie, Damon (27 September 2001). "Local Democratic Group Condemns Rep. Traficant's Comments on Attacks". Roll Call.
  Available at ProQuest. Coverts James Traficant support from MEK members.
• Smith, John L. (14 October 2001). "Being tough on those who help terrorists hasn't always been a top priority". Las Vegas Review-Journal.
  Available at ProQuest. Briefly covers the Encino fraud case, but it does not add much. Prefer previous coverage at Los Angeles Times.
• Krasnowski, Matt (26 November 2001). "Terrorist designation will go on trial". Daily Breeze. p. A1.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers start of trial (from the March 2001 indictments).
• Ridgeway, James; Fard, Camelia (11 December 2001). "With friends like these". The Village Voice. p. 33.
  Long form piece MEK broadly, its presence in Washington, and Alireza Jafarzadeh.
• "Two groups fight Blunkett blacklist". Birmingham Post. 23 February 2002.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers attempts to delist MEK and PKK in the UK, Lord Lester QC's role. Similar but less deep coverage available at the Financial Times. Equivalent coverage at The Guardian.
• "Dismissal sought in terrorist case". Los Angeles Daily News. Associated Press. 12 March 2002. p. N6.
  Brief AP note: Seven Iranians accused of using a charity scam to solicit money for a terrorist group asked a federal judge in Los Angeles on Monday to dismiss the charges. The defendants were indicted a year ago for allegedly soliciting money at Los Angeles International Airport for a group called Mujahedin-E Khalq, or MEK, which is based in Iraq and seeks to overthrow Iran's government.
• "Red tape delays challenge". Birmingham Post. 18 April 2002.
  Delay in UK listing case.
• Bronskill, Jim (13 August 2002). "Alleged terrorist gets new hearing". Calgary Herald. p. A9.
  Available at ProQuest. Hearing on Ahmad Fani's alleged MEK membership. Similar coverage at Northern Daily News, The Windsor Star, St. Catharines Standard.
• Oakland, Ross (15 September 2002). "A question of timing ; Denied Canadian refugee status, Ghorbanali Mazraekar is either a hapless victim of circumstance or the author of his own misfortune". Toronto Star. p. A8.
  Available at ProQuest. Ghorbanali Mazraekar relation to the MEK and refugee status.
• Stainton, Lilo H. (17 September 2002). "TORRICELLI DENIES FORRESTER'S `FLIP-FLOP' ACCUSATION Foreign-policy charges traded". Asbury Park Press. p. A1.
  Available at ProQuest. Douglas Forrester and Robert Torricelli, discusses Torricelli's work on behalf of the MEK (as acknowledged by Torricelli), and his decision to not continue working on their behalf.
• Brown, Aldrin (13 October 2002). "O.C. man's terror case reflects wider split". The Orange County Register.
  Partially available at ProQuest. Charges against Mohommad Omidvar for donations to the MEK.
• Dimmock, Gary (12 March 2003). "Saddam's fighters active in Canada: Money collected nationwide". Calgary Herald. p. A1.
  Available at ProQuest. MEK fundraising in Canada. Similar article published by the Evening Guide, The Gazette, Ottawa Citizen.
• Sullivan, John (9 May 2003). "U.S. FORCES DISPLACE IRANIAN EXILE GROUP". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. p. A4.
  Available at ProQuest. US starts taking over MEK base, disarming negotiations ongoing.
• Diedrich, John (10 May 2003). "Carson troops take Iranian camp without fight". The Gazette. p. A1.
  Available at ProQuest. US rais MEK camp without a fight.
• Sawyer, Jon (11 May 2003). "Neoconservatives pushing for a regime change in Iran". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. p. A4.
  Available at ProQuest. Covers possible plans of the Pentagon to use the MEK as a proxy against Iran.
• Warren P. (23 May 2003). "U.S. MAPS NEW IRAN STRATEGY DEBATE CENTERS ON WHETHER TO DISRUPT REGIME". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. p. A4.
  Available at ProQuest. Discusses plans for the US to use the MEK as a proxy against Iran. Also published at San Antonio Express-News.
• "Police raids target Iranian families". The Advertiser. 4 June 2003.
  Police raid Iranian families in Australia, possibly linked (but not confirmed in the report) to efforts to delist the MEK.
• Sevunts, Levon (19 June 2003). "Dissidents have had presence in Canada: Four MEK operatives deported from here". The Gazette (Montreal). p. A22.
• Cobb, Chris (5 July 2003). "Flames of fanaticism". The Gazette (Montreal).
  Available at ProQuest. Covers the suice by self-immolation in support of the MEK by Neda Hassani, a Canadian woman. Also published at The Kingston Whig-Standard, Ottawa Citizen, Vancouver Sun.
• Bell, Stewart (13 September 2003). "Deported Iranian admits he lied". National Post.
  Claims that Mansour Ahani fabricated his previous story as a former Iranian intelligence agent, and claims instead that he paid the MEK US$5,000 for help with immigration process.
• Stewart, Bell (14 October 2003). "Judge rules Iraq-based group is a terrorist organization". The Gazette (Montreal). p. A12.
  Judge rules that the deportation was valid on grounds of MEK membership and the organization's terrorist activity.
• "Iran slams France for hosting MEK opposition group meeting". Al Arabiya. Agence France-Presse.

WP:RSOPINION

Sources that might (or might not) be usable as WP:RSOPINION.

• Rosenfeld, Stephen S. (27 March 1987). "Terrorists in Our Midst?". The Washington Post.
• Harris, David (2 March 1993). "Domestic terrorism imminent threat". Ottawa Citizen. p. A9.
  Available at ProQuest. Reprinted by The Windsor Star. Contains a passing mention: A Security Intelligence Review Committee report attributed an April 1992 attack on Iran's Ottawa embassy to "members of the Mujahedin-E-Khalq (MEK) . protesting an Iranian air attack on the MEK base inside Iraq. Otherwise, it seems tangential to the MEK.
• Eland, Ivan (May 2002). "Poking the hornets' nest is ill-advised". USA Today. 130 (2684): 16–18.
  Opinion piece by Ivan Eland at Cato Institute.
• Tancredo, Tom (27 January 2003). "MUJAHEDIN OFFERS HOPE FOR A NEW IRAN". Rocky Mountain News. p. 40A.
  Opinion piece by Rep. Tom Tancredo supporting the MEK.
• Pipes, Daniel; Clawson, Patrick (21 May 2003). "Turn up the pressure on Iran". Jerusalem Post.
  Available at ProQuest. Similar piece published by the The Washington Institute [1], and Middle East Forum [2].
• Taheri, Amir (23 June 2003). "Islamist, Marxist, Terrorist". Wall Street Journal.
  Discusses MEK in France, goverment's deal with MEK, cult of personality, overall profile.

Questionable reliability

• Faghfoury, Mostafa (14 July 1986). "Rajavi best hope for Iran". Ottawa Citizen. p. A9.
  Available at ProQuest and Newspapers.com. This is not a newspeace, but a letter to the newspaper.
• "For the record". The Washington Post. 13 May 1987.
  Opinion piece without visible byline (checked in the online version and the ProQuest copy).
• Guart, Al (22 September 1998). "FEDS FOIL TERRORIST PLOT TO INVADE U.N. FOR CLINTON'S VISIT". New York Post. p. 20.
  Available at ProQuest. Short piece. Quote: Two unidentified men - one a suspected member of the Mujahedin-e Kalq (MEK) - had applied for press credentials to get inside the U.N. session, which was attended by scores of foreign heads of state. To get their press cards, the suspects had sought the help of two women, one of whom worked for another country's U.N. mission, sources said.
• Soltis (1 March 2001). "FBI: TERRORISTS RAISE BIG $$ THROUGH L.A. CHARITY RUSE". New York Post.
  Available at ProQuest. Prefer pieces from Los Angeles Times.
• Dealey, Sam (25 March 2002). "A Very, Very Bad Bunch". National Review. 54 (5).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  Available at ProQuest (unclear if opinion piece). Covers support to the MEK/NCRI by Robert Torricelli, James Traficant, Lacy Clay.
• Morris, Rachel (5 June 2003). "Police accused of terror". The Daily Telegraph (Sydney).
• "US court asks Clinton to make decision on removing Iran's MEK group from 'terror' list". Asian News International. 3 June 2012.

MEK-linked sources

See also: User:MarioGom/MEK propaganda

• Abedini, Hossein (1 August 1994). "Muslims and the bombs: Islamic teaching; peace process; Israeli actions; Iranian resistance". The Independent.
  Letter by representative of "People's Mujahedin of Iran - Britain."
• Samsami, Soona (31 October 2001). "Iran's mullahs -- the roots of terrorism". The San Diego Union-Tribune. p. B9.
  Opinion piece by NCRI member.
• Soleimani, Farid (28 November 2001). "People's Mujahedeen isn't hiding weapons". Ottawa Citizen. p. A19.
  Letter from Farid Soleimani, a Baghdad-based spokesman for the People's Mujahedeen Organization of Iran.
• Soleimani, Farid (25 December 2001). "Letters: THE MULLAHS AND THE 'VOICE'". The Village Voice.
• Ghobadi, Shahin (22 April 2002). "THE PEOPLE'S MOJAHEDIN OF IRAN". National Review. 54 (7).
  Letter by MEK representative in response to Sam Dealey article.
• Safavi, Ali (22 September 2003). "No Infiltration in Iran". The Washington Post. p. A22.
  A response from the Ali Safavi (NCRI) to the "State Questions Military Tolerance of Iranian Dissidents" report

Iran-linked sources

• "Iran lambastes France for hosting MEK gathering". Tehran Times. 3 July 2023.
  Refer to Al Jazeera the same date for a reliable source reporting on Iran's position.

Others

• Indyk, Martin S. (14 October 1999). Iran and the United States: Prospects for a New Relationship. Asia Society (Report).
  Probably not reliable unless Martin Indyk positions are due for some other reason.
• Stone, Peter H.; Warner, Mary Beth; Faler, Brian; Murray, Mark (27 October 2001). "Far-flung fanaticism". National Journal. 33 (43): 3338–3345.
  Available at ProQuest. Contains a brief profile at the MEK, but it is probably not relevant compared to more reliable and more in-depth sources.