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The Fame

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Untitled

The Fame is the debut studio album by American pop recording artist Lady Gaga. A revised edition with new tracks and different track listing was released in the United States on September 9, 2008 and in Australia on October 28. After writing songs for several established acts, Gaga released the album which, according to her, is about how anyone can feel famous. Gaga worked with several producers on the album, mainly RedOne, Martin Kierszenbaum, and Rob Fusari. The songs are mostly inspired by Gaga's love of fame in general, and deals with its intricacies and a rich and famous lifestyle which she visualized. Musically, the album drew inspiration from '80s synthpop while incorporating dance music and clear hooks.

The album received mostly positive reviews with critics commending Gaga's ability to discover a melodious hook, while comparing her vocal abilities to those of Gwen Stefani; and it was called an excellent dance album by some critics. The album went to number one in countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, and Ireland. In the United States, it went as high as the fourth position on the Billboard 200, and topped the Billboard Top Electronic Albums chart. Worldwide, the album has sold over 2.3 million copies.

The first two singles from The Fame, "Just Dance", and "Poker Face", were both international hits, with "Just Dance" topping the charts in over ten countries, including the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States. "Poker Face" was able to peak at number one in several different countries. Other singles released include "Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)", "LoveGame", and "Paparazzi." Gaga promoted the album by performing the songs in a number of live appearances, including her first headlining tour, The Fame Ball Tour.

A re-release, The Fame Monster, is scheduled to be released on November 24, 2009.[11][12]

Writing and development

After many years of writing songs for other musical acts, including Britney Spears and the Pussycat Dolls, while simultaneously establishing herself as an artist and working her way up through the New York underground club scene, Gaga released her debut studio album, The Fame.[13] In regards to the title and concept of the album, Gaga explained, "The Fame is about how anyone can feel famous. [...] Pop culture is art. It doesn't make you cool to hate pop culture, so I embraced it and you hear it all over The Fame. But, it's a sharable fame. I want to invite you all to the party. I want people to feel a part of this lifestyle."[14] Gaga stated in an interview with MTV UK that she had been working on the album for two and a half years and completed half the rest in one week in January 2008.[15] Along with writing the lyrics, Gaga worked on the melodies and synth work of the album with record producer RedOne.[14] She further explained that,

"I just feel like this record is really different- you[']ve got club bangers to more 70s glam to more singer-songwriter records to rock music. [...] The Fame is not about who you are—it's about how everybody wants to know who you are! Buy it and listen to it before you go out or in the car. [...] I think you've really got to allow artists' creativity to marinate. It took me a while but really delving into myself I finally got it. I couldn't be more proud of it. It's not just a record[,] it's a whole pop art movement[.] It's not just about one song."[15]

"That time, and that song, was just me trying to figure things out, [...] Once I grabbed the reigns of my artistry, I fell in love with that more than I did with the party life."[14]

Lady Gaga on "Beautiful, Dirty, Rich"

The songs on the album exemplify an idea of fame and fortune. The opening single "Just Dance" was written by Gaga in ten minutes with producer RedOne, after returning from a party hungover.[16] According to her, the song is a joyous, heart-themed song which appeal to people going through tough times in their life.[17] "LoveGame", the second track, was inspired by Gaga's sexual crush on a stranger in a night club to whom she said, "I wanna ride on your disco stick". It was written in four minutes based on the disco stick hook.[18] "Paparazzi" has been interpreted with different meanings. However Gaga explained in an interview with About.com that the song was inspired by her struggles and hunger for fame and love. Essentially a love song, "Paparazzi" deals about enticing the media and the question of whether one can have both fame and love.[19] "Poker Face" was inspired by Gaga's boyfriends who enjoyed gambling,[20] and also dealt with her personal experience of bisexuality; her fantasies about women while having sex with men representing her "poker face."[21] "Boys, Boys, Boys" was inspired by the similarly titled Motley Crue song "Girls, Girls, Girls" with Gaga explaining that she wanted a female version of the song that rockers would like too.[14] "Beautiful, Dirty, Rich" summed up her time of self-discovery, living in the Lower East Side and dabbling in drugs and the party scene.[14] "Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)" was about breaking up with a boyfriend and finding someone new.[14] "Brown Eyes" was inspired by the band Queen and, according to Gaga, is the most vulnerable song on the album.[14] In an interview with MTV, Gaga further clarified regarding the ideas behind The Fame and her inspirations and visions with this album. According to her, the most important thing missing from pop music was the combination of the visual imagery of the artist and the music. With the album, Gaga hoped that people would take notice of the theatrics and the multimedia based performances that she did. In Gaga's opinion, the music puts the lifestyle in front of it.[22]

Music structure and lyrics

A blond woman standing. She is wearing a khaki colored leotard and an admirals cap. She is holding a microphone to her mouth in her left hand.
Gaga performing "Poker Face" at The Fame Ball Tour.

Musically the album drew influences primarily from late 1970s glam rock musicians such as David Bowie and Queen, incorporating their glam-rock sound while devising catchy pop melodies and hooks to create what she has dubbed, "theatrical pop."[23] Songs like "Poker Face", "Just Dance" and "LoveGame" are uptempo dance songs with "Poker Face" carrying a dark sound with clear vocals on the chorus and a pop hook.[24] "Just Dance" is synth based while "LoveGame" has a more dance-oriented beat. It combines synths of clipped marching beats, sawing electronics and contains mild R&B infused beats.[6] "Paparazzi" carries a sultry beat[8] while "Summer Boy" has influences of the music of Blondie".[23] "Eh, Eh" is credited as a ballad compared to the rest of the dance fueled tracks from The Fame.[2] The song has an eighties synth pop feeling in it[8] while incorporating the "Eh, Eh" hook from Rihanna's single "Umbrella".[10] Gaga explained that,

"This idea of 'The Fame' runs through and through. Basically, if you have nothing—no money, no fame—you can still feel beautiful and dirty rich. It's about making choices, and having references—things you pull from your life that you believe in. It's about self-discovery and being creative. The record is slightly focused, but it's also eclectic.[...] The music is intended to inspire people to feel a certain way about themselves, so they'll be able to encompass, in their own lives, a sense of inner fame that they can project to the world, and the carefree nature of the album is a reflection of that aura. I like to funnel interesting ideas to the rest of the world through a pop lens."[22]

Lyrically the songs on The Fame talk about being famous and achieving popularity. "Poker Face" is all about sexual innuendo and teasing.[24] Gaga explained in an interview with Daily Star that the lyrics carry a bit of an undertone of confusion about love and sex.[25] According to BBC, the "Mum-mum-mum-mah" hook used in the song is copied from Boney M's 1977 hit "Ma Baker."[26] "Just Dance" throws a partial tongue-in-cheek perspective with lyrics like "What's going on on the floor? / I love this record, baby but I can't see straight anymore".[3] "LoveGame" portrays a powerful message about love, fame and sexuality which akin to the central theme of album.[27] "Paparazzi" portrays a stalker who is following somebody being his/her biggest fan.[28] The lyrics also portray the desire of capturing the attention of the camera as well as achieving fame.[29]

Critical reception

The album received generally positive reviews. It earned a collective score of 71 out of 100 from Metacritic.[30] Gaga was complimented for her songcrafting ability and ear for music. Matthew Chisling from Allmusic stated, "Fueled by heavy dance tracks and popping electronic beats, The Fame[...]is a well-crafted sampling of feisty anti-pop in high quality [...]Lady Gaga pulls out all the stops on The Fame, injecting hard-hitting synthesizers and crashing slicks and grooves. From its opening track until it closes, The Fame fails to come up short on funky sounds to amuse fans of this dance genre."[2] Mikael Wood of Entertainment Weekly gave The Fame a B-, saying that "The Fame is remarkably (and exhaustingly) pure in its vision of a world in which nothing trumps being beautiful, dirty, and rich. In this economy, though, her high-times escapism has its charms".[5] Alex Petridis of The Guardian complimented Gaga for being good at melodies. According to him "The Fame arrives packing an immensely addictive melody or an inescapable hook, virtually everything sounds like another hit single [...]The Fame certainly sounds like it could be big."[6] Evan Sawdey of PopMatters criticised songs like "Eh, Eh", "Paper Gangsta" and "Brown Eyes" while complimenting the rest calling it a solid dance album.[8]

Joey Guerra from Houston Chronicle commented that although the songs present in the album are not innovative, Gaga deserved credit for bringing real dance music to the mass.[7] Genevieve Koski of the The A.V. Club compared Gaga's vocals with that of Gwen Stefani while saying that the album is "fueled by a glitter-laced, dance-inciting energy that bodes well for extended club play, which is really the whole point."[3] Sal Cinquemani from Slant Magazine said that "Gaga's lyrics alternate between cheap[...] and nonsensical drivel [...], and her vocal performances are uneven at best" and that "[t]he songs that work, [...] including "Poker Face", "Starstruck", "Paper Gangsta" and "Summerboy"—rest almost solely on their snappy production and sing-along hooks. He also compared Gaga's vocal abilities to be a copy of Christina Aguilera, Gwen Stefani and Fergie.[9] Freedom du Lac from The Washington Post criticised the album for lacking originality.[10]

Chart performance

Gaga performing "Just Dance" at The Fame Ball Tour.

In the United States, it debuted at number seventeen on the Billboard 200 with sales of 24,000 on the issue dated November 15, 2008.[31] After fluctuating down the charts, the album reached number ten on the issue dated March 7, 2009 with sales of 32,000 units sold.[32] The album further climbed up the chart to reach seven with another 32,000 copies sold,[33] and has since reached a peak of number four on the chart, with 42,000 copies sold and 30% increase from previous week.[34] The album also topped Billboard Top Electronic Albums chart, on which the album debuted and has been at number one for twenty-five non-consecutive week.[35] On May 7, 2009, the album was certified platinum for shipments of one million copies by the Recording Industry Association of America.[36] It has sold 1,300,000 copies in the United States as of June 2009.[37]

The album made its debut at number six[38] and has peaked at number two in New Zealand while being certified double platinum.[39] In Australia the album debuted at twelve[40] and peaked at number four.[41] while in Canada it has peaked at number one.[42] The album has been certified two times platinum in Australia and three times platinum in Canada by the Australian Recording Industry Association and the Canadian Recording Industry Association for shipments of 140,000 and 240,000 copies respectively.[43][44]

The Fame debuted in the United Kingdom at number three on the UK Albums Chart on January 18, 2009[45] and after spending ten weeks in the top ten, it replaced Ronan Keating's Songs for My Mother at the top position on April 5, 2009, along with her single "Poker Face" also at number one on the UK Singles Chart the same issue.[46] Since then, the album spent four consecutive weeks at the UK number-one spot, whence it was dislodged by Bob Dylan's album Together Through Life.[47] In Ireland, the album entered the charts at number eight,[48] and in its fifth week climbed to number one for two consecutive weeks.[49] On March 19, 2009, the album replaced U2's No Line on the Horizon to reclaim the number one spot again in Ireland.[50] It has spent five non-consecutive weeks at the Irish number-one spot.[51]

In mainland Europe, the album peaked at number one on the European Top 100 Albums[52] and the Austrian Albums Chart.[53] It also reached the top twenty in Belgium, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, and Switzerland.[51] Worldwide sales for the album stand at 2.3 million copies.[54]

Singles

"Just Dance" was released as the album's lead single commercially worldwide on June 17 through digital distribution.[55] The song was critically appreciated with reviewers complimenting its club anthem-like nature and the synth pop associated with it.[2][10] It achieved commercial success by topping charts in the United States, Australia, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, as well as reaching the top ten in many other countries.[56][57][58][59][60] The song received a Grammy nomination in the Best Dance Recording category but lost to electronic duo Daft Punk for their song "Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger".[61]

"Poker Face" was released as the second single from the album after another song, "Beautiful, Dirty, Rich" was canceled as a single. It was also well-received by the critics, most of whom have praised the robotic hook and the chorus.[62] The single achieved greater success that "Just Dance" by topping the charts in almost all the countries it was released to.[63] "Poker Face" became Gaga's second consecutive number one on the Hot 100.[64][65]

"Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)" was the album's third single in Australia, New Zealand and selected European nations. The song received mixed reviews. Some critics compared it to nineties Europop while the others criticized it for bringing the party-like nature of the album to a halt and thus being an embarrassment to the album.[8] It failed to match the success of the previous singles in Australia and New Zealand by reaching fifteen and nine respectively. It peaked at two in Sweden.[66]

"LoveGame" was released as the third single in the United States, Canada and some other European nations and the fourth single in Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. The song was critically appreciated for its catchy tune and the "I wanna take a ride on your disco stick" hook.[67] The song has reached the top ten in countries such as the United States, Australia and Canada and the top twenty in others.[68]

"Paparazzi" was announced as the third single in the United Kingdom and Ireland with a release date of July 6, 2009 and the fourth single in the United States with a release date of September 15, 2009.[69] It was also released as the fifth Australian single from the album on July 10, 2009.[70] The song however charted before it had been released.[71] "Paparazzi" has been appreciated for its fun-filled, club-friendly nature and is deemed the most memorable and telling song from the album.[29] The associated music video for the song was shot as a mini-movie with Gaga starring as a doomed starlet who is almost killed by her boyfriend, but in the end takes her revenge and reclaims her fame and popularity.[72]

Promotion

To promote the album, Gaga did several performances worldwide. Her first televised appearance was on Logo's NewNowNext Awards on June 7, 2008.[73] She also performed on So You Think You Can Dance,[74] Jimmy Kimmel Live!,[75] The Tonight Show with Jay Leno[76] She performed in Vietnam for the 57th Miss Universe beauty pageant during the swimsuit competition.[77] On January 31, 2009, she performed on television in Ireland on RTÉ One's show Tubridy Tonight.[78] Three songs off The Fame have been used in The CW's series Gossip Girl: "Paparazzi" in the episode "Summer, Kind of Wonderful", "Poker Face" in "The Serena Also Rises", and "Money Honey" in "Remains of the J".[79] Gaga also performed "Poker Face" on American Idol on April 1, 2009.[80]

To celebrate the launch of the show Dirty Sexy Money, ABC created a music video of Gaga's song "Beautiful, Dirty, Rich", directed by Melina Matsoukas. It was initially announced as Gaga's second single, but "Poker Face" was chosen instead.[81] There were two videos released for the song - the first was comprised of clips from Dirty Sexy Money, and the second was the actual music video.[82] The video is set in a mansion, and starts with Gaga biting and burning money. She is found seductively lying on top of a table of money, a black grand piano and dancing in an elevator solo. She goes through many costume changes in the video. The song charted on the UK Singles Chart due to digital downloads and peaked at number eighty-three.[83] The album received further promotion from her first headlining The Fame Ball Tour, which started on March 12, 2009 in San Diego, California.

Track listing

Standard edition

This was the version released in Canada, Mexico, some European countries, Australia, and New Zealand.

CD
No.TitleMusicLength
1."Just Dance" (featuring Colby O'Donis)Lady Gaga, RedOne, Aliaune Thiam4:04
2."LoveGame"Lady Gaga, RedOne3:33
3."Paparazzi"Lady Gaga, Rob Fusari3:28
4."Beautiful, Dirty, Rich"Lady Gaga, Fusari2:54
5."Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)"Lady Gaga, Martin Kierszenbaum2:56
6."Poker Face"Lady Gaga, RedOne3:59
7."The Fame"Lady Gaga, Kierszenbaum3:44
8."Money Honey"Lady Gaga, RedOne, Bilal Hajji3:08
9."Again Again"Lady Gaga, Fusari3:06
10."Boys Boys Boys"Lady Gaga, RedOne3:22
11."Brown Eyes"Lady Gaga, Fusari4:05
12."Summerboy"Lady Gaga, Brian Kierulf, Josh Schwartz4:16
13."I Like It Rough" (Canadian iTunes, Mexico, Australian, and selected European bonus track.)Lady Gaga, Kierszenbaum3:24

Revised U.S.A./international edition

The revised edition includes an altered track listing. In the US version the artwork also underwent minor changes, and the letters on the front cover are red. The tracks "LoveGame", "Paparazzi", "Boys Boys Boys" and "Money Honey" have been slightly remixed. The track "Again Again" is removed, while "Starstruck", "Paper Gangsta", and "I Like It Rough" are added.

CD
No.TitleMusicLength
1."Just Dance" (featuring Colby O'Donis)Lady Gaga, RedOne, Akon4:01
2."LoveGame"Lady Gaga, RedOne3:36
3."Paparazzi"Lady Gaga, Rob Fusari3:28
4."Poker Face"Lady Gaga, RedOne3:57
5."Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)"Lady Gaga, Martin Kierszenbaum2:55
6."Beautiful, Dirty, Rich"Lady Gaga, Fusari2:52
7."The Fame"Lady Gaga, Kierszenbaum3:42
8."Money Honey"Lady Gaga, RedOne, Bilal Hajji2:50
9."Starstruck" (featuring Space Cowboy and Flo Rida)Lady Gaga, Kierszenbaum, Space Cowboy, Flo Rida3:37
10."Boys Boys Boys"Lady Gaga, RedOne3:22
11."Paper Gangsta"Lady Gaga, RedOne4:23
12."Brown Eyes"Lady Gaga, Fusari4:03
13."I Like It Rough"Lady Gaga, Kierszenbaum3:22
14."Summerboy"Lady Gaga, Brian Kierulf, Josh Schwartz4:13
15."Disco Heaven" (international bonus track)Lady Gaga, Fusari, Tom Kafafian3:41
16."Again Again" (Japanese bonus track[84])Lady Gaga, Fusari3:04
17."Retro, Dance, Freak" (Japanese bonus track)Lady Gaga, Fusari3:22
German Deluxe Edition
No.TitleMusicLength
16."Poker Face" (live at the Cherrytree House piano & voice version)Lady Gaga, RedOne3:38
17."Just Dance" (live at the Cherrytree House stripped down version)Lady Gaga, RedOne, Akon2:06
18."Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)" (electric piano and human beat box version)Lady Gaga, Martin Kierszenbaum3:03
19."Again Again"Lady Gaga3:04

U.K. and Ireland edition

Released in 2009, the UK and Ireland edition contains all tracks from the revised edition and the original release: it includes all three tracks added on the revised edition, and includes "Again Again" which had been removed from the revised edition, as well as "Disco Heaven" which was included on neither. The tracks are also in a significantly different order to either of the other versions.

CD
No.TitleMusicLength
1."Just Dance" (featuring Colby O'Donis)Lady Gaga, RedOne, Akon4:01
2."LoveGame"Lady Gaga, RedOne3:36
3."Paparazzi"Lady Gaga, Rob Fusari3:28
4."Poker Face"Lady Gaga, RedOne3:57
5."I Like It Rough"Lady Gaga, Kierszenbaum3:22
6."Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)"Lady Gaga, Martin Kierszenbaum2:55
7."Starstruck" (featuring Space Cowboy and Flo Rida)Lady Gaga, Kierszenbaum, Space Cowboy, Flo Rida3:37
8."Beautiful, Dirty, Rich"Lady Gaga, Fusari2:52
9."The Fame"Lady Gaga, Kierszenbaum3:42
10."Money Honey"Lady Gaga, RedOne, Bilal Hajji2:50
11."Boys Boys Boys"Lady Gaga, RedOne3:20
12."Paper Gangsta"Lady Gaga, RedOne4:23
13."Brown Eyes"Lady Gaga, Fusari4:03
14."Summerboy"Lady Gaga, Brian Kierulf, Josh Schwartz4:13
15."Disco Heaven" (bonus track)Lady Gaga, Fusari, Tom Kafafian3:41
16."Again Again" (bonus track)Lady Gaga, Fusari3:04
17."LoveGame (Space Cowboy Remix)" (enhanced CD bonus track)Lady Gaga, Space Cowboy3:07

Charts, sales and procession

Chart procession and succession

Preceded by
Kala by M.I.A.
Slumdog Millionaire by A.R. Rahman
Slumdog Millionaire by A.R. Rahman
Sounds of the Universe by Depeche Mode
 U.S. Billboard Top Electronic Albums number-one album
November 15, 2008 – January 24, 2009 (first run)
February 14, 2009 - March 14, 2009 (second run)
March 21, 2009 - May 9, 2009 (third run)
May 16, 2009 - present (fourth run) 		Succeeded by
Slumdog Millionaire by A. R. Rahman
Slumdog Millionaire by A.R. Rahman
Sounds of the Universe by Depeche Mode
incumbent
Preceded by Canadian Albums Chart number-one album
January 11, 2009 – January 18, 2009 		Succeeded by
Dark Horse by Nickelback
Preceded by
Working on a Dream by Bruce Springsteen
No Line on the Horizon by U2
Songs for My Mother by Ronan Keating
Eoghan Quigg by Eoghan Quigg
 Irish Albums Chart number-one album
February 12, 2009 - February, 2009 (first run)
March 20, 2009 - March 27, 2009 (second run)
April 2, 2009 - April 9, 2009 (third run)
April 16, 2009 - April 23, 2009 (fourth run) 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Songs for My Mother by Ronan Keating
 UK Albums Chart number-one album
April 5, 2009 – May 2, 2009 		Succeeded by

Release history

Region Date Format Label
Canada August 19, 2008 CD, LP, digital download Interscope
Australia September 5, 2008[103] CD, digital download (Standard Edition)
October 28, 2008 [104] CD, digital download (International Version)
United States September 9, 2008 CD, LP, digital download
Italy October 31, 2008[105] CD, digital download (Standard Edition)
January 30, 2009[106] CD, digital download (International Version)
Germany December 2, 2008[107] CD, digital download
United Kingdom January 12, 2009[108][109][110] Streamline/Interscope/Konlive/Cherrytree
Spain February 24, 2009[111] Universal
Brazil March 31, 2009[112] CD
Japan May 20, 2009[113] Universal Japan International
July 22, 2009[114][115][116] CD, DVD

References

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