Michael Landy

Scrapheap Services, 1995.

Michael Landy (born 1963) is an English artist, one of the Young British Artists (YBAs). He is best known for the performance pieceinstallation, Break Down (2001), in which he destroyed all of his possessions.

Landy was born in London. He first studied art in Loughton and Loughborough, then at Goldsmiths College in London, having been inspired to take up art professionally after having a picture selected for display on the BBC television art program Take Hart [2]. It was while studying at Goldsmiths that he exhibited in the Freeze exhibition organized by Damien Hirst, the exhibition which brought together most of the YBAs.

Landy's first major solo piece was Market (1990), an installation made up of empty market stalls. Like much of his later work, it was intended as a comment on consumerism and society.

In 1992, Landy started an association with Karsten Schubert by making Closing Down Sale for his gallery, an installation made up of a number of objects in shopping trolleys labeled "BARGAIN" and recorded announcements encouraging visitors to buy. The work was intended as a comment on the commodification of art, and might be seen as a precursor of sorts to Break Down, a work which produced no salable objects.

Before Break Down, Landy's best known work was Scrapheap Services (1995-1996), which featured a fictitious cleaning company which sought to change society by way of "a minority of people being discarded". Promotional videos were made for the company and a large number of cut-out men were made from old magazines to be swept up and destroyed. This installation typifies the YBAs' interests in transforming the mundane into art, and recontextualisaion. Its visual impact on one level is a typical industrial event, yet the gallery environment and bright red figures, along with the sinister irony of the title, is intended to force the viewer to address issues of humanity and consumerism.

In 1997, work which Landy had previously sold to Charles Saatchi was included in the notorious Sensation exhibition at the Royal Academy in London. This successful show later toured Berlin and New York, but Landy's work was somewhat overshadowed by some of the other more outrageous artworks.

Break Down, the work which put him in the public eye, was held in February 2001 at an old branch of the clothes store C&A on Oxford Street in London (C&A had recently ceased trading, and the shop had been emptied). Landy gathered together all his possessions, ranging from postage stamps to his car, and including all his clothes and works of art by himself and others, painstakingly catalogued all 7,227 of them in detail, and then destroyed all in public. The process of destruction was done on something resembling an assembly line in a mass production factory, with ten workers reducing each item to its basic materials and then shredding them.

Break Down, which was a joint commission from The Times newspaper and Artangel, attracted around 45,000 visitors. At the end of the process all that was left was bags of rubbish, none of which were sold or exhibited in any form. Landy made no money as a direct result of Break Down, and following it had no possessions at all.

Landy made little art in the year following Break Down before returning with a solo show in late 2002, entitled Nourishment. The exhibition consisted of a series of detailed etchings of weeds, rendered in the traditional style of botanical draughtsmanship. The intricate detailing is reported to have resulted in lasting eye damage for Landy.

In 2003, Landy was selected to chair the judging panel for the Beck's Futures art prize.

Landy's latest project Art Bin is a new installation for the South London Gallery described by the artist as 'a monument to creative failure'. Artists and collectors are invited to apply to dispose of works of art via a dedicated website www.art-bin.co.uk .

Landy's partner is fellow British artist Gillian Wearing .

External links

• Artist Project - Hello Weed — Tate Magazine, Issue 3 (brief overview of Landy's work and commentary on Nourishment).
• Paper on Scrapheap Services
• BBC Four Documentary on Break Down
• Man in Oxford Street is Auto-destructive
• Break Down section on Artangel website