Template:LGBT rights table Europe
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Tables:
European Union
- Main article: LGBT rights in the European Union
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB allowed to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
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![]() ![]() Joint adoption legal in 14/28 member states. |
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![]() 3/28 states ban some anti-gay discrimination. 25/28 states ban all anti-gay discrimination. |
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Central Europe
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB allowed to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
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![]() + UN decl. sign. |
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![]() Joint adoption since 2016.[6][7] (+automatic co-parent recognition)[8] |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() Legal in West Berlin and West Germany since 1969 + UN decl. sign.[3][19] |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() Constitutionally banned since 2012.[29][30] |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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Has no military | ![]() |
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![]() (No laws against same-sex sexual activity has ever existed in the country) + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
![]() Unregistered cohabitation since 2017[42] |
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![]() Legal in the cantons of Geneva (as part of France), Ticino, Valais, and Vaud since 1798 + UN decl. sign.[3][47] |
![]() Nationwide since 2007[51] |
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Eastern Europe
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB allowed to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() Female always legal[68][3] ![]() |
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Northern Europe
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB allowed to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() Joint adoption since 2010.[79] (+automatic co-parent recognition)[80] |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() (Constituent country of the Kingdom of Denmark) |
![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() Joint adoption since 2017. |
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![]() (As part of Denmark) + UN decl. sign.[3] |
![]() Registered partnership from 1996 to 2010 (Existing partnerships are still recognised.)[93] |
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![]() (+automatic co-parent recognition)[97] |
Has no military | ![]() |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() (+automatic co-parent recognition)[110] |
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![]() (+automatic co-parent recognition)[114] |
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Southern Europe
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB allowed to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
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![]() (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom) |
![]() + UN decl. sign.[3][117][118] |
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Has no military | ![]() |
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![]() (Overseas territory of the United Kingdom) |
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![]() ![]() The Florence Court for Minors has recognised a foreign joint adoption by a gay couple[151] |
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![]() (as part of Yugoslavia)[3] |
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![]() Conversion therapy banned since 2016. |
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![]() (+automatic co-parent recognition)[187] |
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Has no military | ![]() |
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Western Europe
LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB allowed to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() (+automatic co-parent recognition)[196] |
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![]() Legal in Savoy since 1792 + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom) |
![]() + UN decl. sign.[202][203][3] |
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![]() Female always legal + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() (+automatic co-parent recognition)[218] |
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![]() + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() (+automatic co-parent recognition)[241] |
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![]() Female always legal + UN decl. sign.[3] |
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![]() (+automatic co-parent recognition)[249] |
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References
- ^ Perspective: what has the EU done for LGBT rights?, Café Babel, 17 May 2010
- ^ What is the current legal situation in the EU?, ILGA Europe
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh "State Sponsored Homophobia 2016: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition" (PDF). International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. 17 May 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
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- ^ "Bundesgesetz, mit dem das Allgemeine Bürgerliche Gesetzbuch und das Bundesgesetz über die eingetragene Partnerschaft geändert wird" (PDF). parlament.gv.at (in German).
- ^ "Entschließungsantrag betreffend der Aufhebung des Adoptionsverbots für Homosexuelle" (PDF). parlament.gv.at.
- ^ "§ 144(2) ABGB (General Civil Code)". www.ris.bka.gv.at (in German).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae "ILGA-Europe" (PDF). ilga-europe.org.
- ^ a b c d "Map shows how Europe forces trans people to be sterilized". Gay Star News.
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- ^ Template:Hr icon"Pravilnik o načinu prikupljanja medicinske dokumentacije te utvrđivanja uvjeta i pretpostavki za promjenu spola i drugom rodnom identitetu". Narodne-novine.nn.hr. 15 November 2014. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
- ^ Template:Cs icon 115/2006 Sb. o registrovaném partnerství a o změně některých souvisejících zákonů
- ^ I registrovaní homosexuálové mohou adoptovat děti, rozhodl Ústavní soud. (in Czech) idnes.cz. Mladá fronta DNES. Published on 16 June 2016.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Trans Rights Europe Map, 2016.
- ^ Template:Cite 9web
- ^ Template:De icon Gesetz über die Eingetragene Lebenspartnerschaft
- ^ Template:De icon Gesetz zur Einführung des Rechts auf Eheschließung für Personen gleichen Geschlechts - 2. Ergänzung der Anwendungshinweise zur Umsetzung des vorgenannten Gesetzes
- ^ a b Connolly, Kate (30 June 2017) German Parliament votes to legalise same-sex marriage in The Guardian. Retrieved 30 June 2017
- ^ "Antidiskriminierungsstelle - Publikationen - AGG in englischer Sprache". antidiskriminierungsstelle.de.
- ^ http://www.gaylesbiantimes.com/?id=14425
- ^ Template:De icon Gesetz über die Änderung der Vornamen und die Feststellung der Geschlechtszugehörigkeit in besonderen Fällen
- ^ Template:Hu icon 2009. évi XXIX. törvény a bejegyzett élettársi kapcsolatról, az ezzel összefüggő, valamint az élettársi viszony igazolásának megkönnyítéséhez szükséges egyes törvények módosításáról
- ^ Template:Hu icon T/5423 Magyarország Alaptörvényének 6. módosítása
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- ^ http://www.llv.li/#/1611/adoption
- ^ "Związki partnerskie - nie w tej kadencji" (in Polish). polityka.pl. 26 May 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
- ^ "The Constitution of the Republic of Poland". Sejm RP. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
Marriage, being a union of a man and a woman, as well as the family, motherhood and parenthood, shall be placed under the protection and care of the Republic of Poland.
- ^ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/poland.html
- ^ "Eutanázia i odluka cirkvi. SaS chce rozprúdiť debatu o osobných slobodách". Domov.sme.sk. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
- ^ "Disputed revision to constitution sails through parliament". The Slovak Spectator. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
- ^ https://adoption.com/forums/thread/316200/adopting-in-slovakia/
- ^ "Homophobia and Discrimination on Grounds of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in the EU Member States Part II: The Social Situation" (PDF). fra.europa.eu.
- ^ Petit Press a.s. "Law change criminalises homophobia". spectator.sme.sk.
- ^ "Zakon o registraciji istospolne partnerske skupnosti". uradni-list.si (in Slovenian).
- ^ "Zakon o partnerski zvezi". uradni-list.si (in Slovenian).
- ^ "Slovenia approves same-sex marriage". PinkNews. 4 March 2015. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
{{cite web}}
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(help) - ^ "Slovenia rejects gay marriage in referendum". BBC. 20 December 2015. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
{{cite web}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ First Adoption by Gay Partner of Child's Parent
- ^ Weber, Nana (April 25, 2013). "Sprememba spola v Sloveniji". Pravna praksa (in Slovenian) (16–17). GV Založba. ISSN 0352-0730.
- ^ The Homosexuality of Men and Women By Magnus Hirschfeld Page 947-948
- ^ Homosexuals a step closer to equal rights
- ^ Zurich grants gay couples more rights
- ^ a b Template:Fr iconLe pacs gagne du terrain
- ^ "Bundesgesetz über die eingetragene Partnerschaft gleichgeschlechtlicher Paare". admin.ch (in German).
- ^ "13.468 – Parlamentarische Initiative - Ehe für alle". parlament.ch (in German).
- ^ [1]
- ^ https://www.admin.ch/gov/en/start/documentation/media-releases.msg-id-57063.html
- ^ "Avis de droit OFEC: Transsexualisme" (PDF). Federal Department of Justice and Police (in French). Retrieved 9 May 2013.
- ^ Referendum in Armenia brings constitutional reforms
- ^ Armenia Central Electoral Commission announces constitutional referendum final results
- ^ [2]
- ^ "Armenia: Gays live with threats of violence, abuse". United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. 30 March 2010. Retrieved 8 June 2012.
- ^ [3]
- ^ "File:Lgbt azerbaijan.jpg". wikimedia.org.
- ^ Prof. Dr. Axel Tschentscher, LL-M. "Belarus - Constitution". Servat.unibe.ch. Retrieved 2014-01-05.
- ^ "Belarus: Attitude towards homosexuals and lesbians in Belarus; state protection available to non-heterosexuals in Belarus with special attention to Minsk (2000-2005)". United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. 17 January 2006. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
- ^ "სსიპ "საქართველოს საკანონმდებლო მაცნე"". სსიპ ”საქართველოს საკანონმდებლო მაცნე”.
- ^ Masci, David (February 11, 2014). "Gay rights in Russia and the former Soviet republics". Pew Research Center. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
- ^ "The Constitution of Moldova" (PDF). The Government of Moldova. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
- ^ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/romania.html
- ^ "Russian Gay History". community.middlebury.edu.
- ^ "Campaign started to declare gay marriage unconstitutional". RT. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
- ^ http://pravo.pmr-online.com/View.aspx?id=dMQ8CSXQu3QAok4djqV2MQ%3D%3D
- ^ "В Приднестровье, как и в Молдове защитят права геев и лесбиянок". Новости Приднестровья:: ИА «Тирас».
- ^ Legal Report: Ukraine, COWI (2010)
- ^ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/ukraine.html
- ^ http://fortruss.blogspot.ch/2015/06/ukrainian-military-to-issue-draft.html
- ^ http://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-politics/1912891-ukraines-parliament-passes-anti-discrimination-law.html
- ^ https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=142282
- ^ http://cphpost.dk/news/national/gay-marriage-legalised The Copenhagen Post, 7 June 2012: Gay marriage legalised] Retrieved 2012-09-19
- ^ Homoseksuelle fik ja til ægteskab - Jyllands-Posten.
- ^ Template:Da icon Lov om ændring af lov om registreret partnerskab, lov om en børnefamilieydelse og lov om børnetilskud og forskudsvis udbetaling af børnebidrag
- ^ Template:Da Retsinformation.dk Børneloven
- ^ "MSN New Zealand - Latest News, Weather, Entertainment, Business, Sport, Technology". msn.co.nz.
- ^ Template:Et icon "Kooseluseadus". Riigikogu. 9 October 2014.
- ^ [4]
- ^ Faroe Islands Say Yes to Same-Sex Marriage
- ^ "Gerðabók" (in Faroese). Løgting. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
- ^ Island Chain Votes To Ban Discrimination Against Gays
- ^ §266b
- ^ "Holdningsskred i synet på homoseksuelle på Færøerne". Information.
- ^ Template:Sv icon Lag om registrerat partnerskap
- ^ "Finland president signs gay marriage law – couples will have to wait to get married until 2017". Gay Star News.
- ^ Template:Fi icon Ihmisoikeudet kuuluvat myös transsukupuolisille
- ^ Template:Is iconLög um breytingu á lagaákvæðum er varða réttarstöðu samkynhneigðra (sambúð, ættleiðingar, tæknifrjóvgun)
- ^ http://www.althingi.is/altext/stjt/2010.065.html
- ^ "Iceland parliament votes for gay marriage". IceNews. June 11, 2010. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
- ^ "New gay marriage law in Iceland comes into force". Icenews.is. Retrieved 14 August 2010.
- ^ https://adopt.com/iceland/
- ^ Template:Is icon Alþingi Barnalög
- ^ Iceland adopts a new comprehensive law on trans issues
- ^ "President Signs Anti-Gay Constitutional Amendment". UK Gay News. December 21, 2005. Retrieved 2009-08-12.
- ^ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/latvia.html
- ^ Template:Lv icon Cik viegli pārvērsties no Ievas par Ādamu?
- ^ http://www.lgl.lt/en/?p=17403
- ^ "CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA".
- ^ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/lithuania.html
- ^ Template:Lt icon Lietuvos Respublikos Civilinis kodeksas (Civil Code of the Republic of Lithuania
- ^ https://lovdata.no/dokument/LTI/lov/2008-06-27-53
- ^ "Norway Gay Marriage Bill Passes Final Hurdle". 365gay.com. Retrieved 17 June 2008.
- ^ "Norway passes law approving gay marriage". Latimes.com. 2008-06-17. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ^ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/norway.html
- ^ Template:Nn icon Lovdata Barnelova
- ^ http://www.notisum.se/rnp/sls/sfs/20090253.pdf
- ^ "Gays Win Marriage Rights". Sveriges Radio English. 1 April 2009.
- ^ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/sweden.html
- ^ Template:Sv Sveriges Riksdag Föräldrabalk
- ^ Fia Sundevall & Alma Persson (2016) "LGBT in the Military: Policy Development in Sweden 1944–2014", Sexuality Research and Social Policy, June 2016, Volume 13, Issue 2, pp 119-129, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13178-015-0217-6/fulltext.html
- ^ http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/sweden-ends-forced-sterilization-trans110113
- ^ Criminal Code (Amendment) Ordinance 2000 (PDF)
- ^ Criminal Code (consolidated)
- ^ Civil Partnership (Armed Forces) Order 2005 (PDF)
- ^ Overseas Marriage (Armed Forces) Order 2014 (PDF)
- ^ Employment (Equality) Ordinance 2013 (PDF)
- ^ Dan Littauer, Albania passes landmark gay hate crime laws, gaystarnews.com, 5 May 2013
- ^ Template:Ca icon Llei 4/2005, del 21 de febrer, qualificada de les unions estables de parella
- ^ a b Template:Ca icon Llei 34/2014, del 27 de novembre, qualificada de les unions civils i de modificació de la Llei qualificada del matrimoni, de 30 de juny de 1995
- ^ "Diari d'Andorra - Enllestida la llei d'unions civils amb el procés d'adopció dels matrimonis". diariandorra.ad.
- ^ Template:Ca icon Demà entren en vigor lleis importants, com la d'unions civils o la 'regla d´or'
- ^ http://ilga-europe.org/sites/default/files/2016/bosnia_and_herzegovina.pdf
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- ^ CIVIL PARTNERSHIP ACT 2014
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- ^ "ΣΥΜΦΩΝΟ ΣΥΜΒΙΩΣΗΣ Νόμος 4356/2015".
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- ^ http://www.quirinale.it/qrnw/statico/attivita/attifirmati/sett_atti.asp?Atti=sett/2016_m05d16.htm
- ^ http://www.gaypost.it/presidente-mattarella-firmato-la-legge-sulle-unioni-civili/
- ^ In a particular case, the Court of Cassation has refused to rescind a lower judgment recognising a same-sex marriage performed abroad, but this was on procedural grounds only and did not determine the merits of the case [7]
- ^ Cassazione: matrimonio valido per due donne di Avellino napoli.repubblica.it. 01 febbraio 2017.
- ^ Template:It icon Atto Senato n. 15
- ^ Template:It icon Atto Senato n. 204
- ^ Template:It icon Atto Senato n. 393
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- ^ Template:It icon"Cassazione, via libera alla stepchild adoption in casi particolari". Repubblica.
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- ^ AN ACT to regulate civil unions and to provide for matters connected therewith or ancillary thereto
- ^ Gender Identity, Gender Expression and Sex Characteristics Bill
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- ^ a b c Template:Tr icon Kuzey Kıbrıs’ın “Eşcinsellik Suçu” Yasası Tarihe Karıştı!
- ^ Template:Pt icon Law no. 7/2001, from 11 May (specifically Article 1, no. 1).
- ^ Template:Pt icon AR altera lei das uniões de facto
- ^ Law no. 9/2010, from 30th May.
- ^ Template:Pt icon Lei 17/2016 de 20 de junho
- ^ Template:Pt icon Lei que alarga a procriação medicamente assistida publicada em Diário da República
- ^ Template:Pt icon Todas as mulheres com acesso à PMA a 1 de Agosto
- ^ http://www.lgbt-ep.eu/press-releases/meps-welcome-new-gender-change-law-in-portugal-concerned-about-lithuania/
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- ^ Template:It icon San Marino. Unioni civili, presto sul tavolo tre bozze di legge
- ^ Template:It icon San Marino. Unioni civili, presto sul tavolo tre bozze di legge
- ^ First post-Mediaeval criminal code in the Principality of Serbia, named "Kaznitelni zakon" (Law of Penalties), adopted in 1860, punishes sexual intercourse "against the order of nature" between males with 6 months to 4 years imprisonment. V. Para # 206, p. 82 of the "Kaznitelni zakon 1860" in Slavo-Serbian orthography (PDF)
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- ^ "Ley de Cantabria 1/2005, de 16 de mayo, de Parejas de Hecho de la Comunidad Autónoma de Cantabria" (in Spanish). Noticias Juridicas. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
- ^ "Decreto 248/2007, de 20 de diciembre, por el que se crea y se regula el Registro de Parejas de Hecho de Galicia" (in Spanish). Noticias Juridicas. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
- ^ "Decreto 30/2010, de 14 de mayo, por el que se crea el Registro de Parejas de Hecho de La Rioja" (in Spanish). El Gobierno de La Rioja. Retrieved November 6, 2015.
- ^ "Spain approves liberal gay marriage law". St. Petersburg Times. 2005-07-01. Retrieved 2007-01-08.
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- ^ Template:Es Boletín Oficial del Estado Ley 14/2006, de 26 de mayo, sobre técnicas de reproducción humana asistida (see Article 7)
- ^ Template:Es icon Ley 3/2007, de 15 de marzo, reguladora de la rectificación registral de la mención relativa al sexo de las personas
- ^ a b "Turkey's main opposition proposed labor bill for LGBT people". kaosgl.com.
- ^ http://ijg.sagepub.com/content/18/1/77.abstract
- ^ Template:De icon Gesetz zur Einführung des gesetzlichen Zusammenwohnens
- ^ "Belgium to follow Holland on gay marriage". RTÉ News. 29 November 2002.
- ^ "Belgium legalizes gay marriage". UPI. 31 January 2003.
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- ^ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/belgium.html
- ^ Template:FrTemplate:Nl Belgian Official Gazette Loi du 5 mai 2014 portant établissement de la filiation de la coparente, as amended by loi du 18 décembre 2014 modifiant le Code civil, le code de droit international privé, le Code consulaire, la loi du 5 mai 2014 portant établissement de la filiation de la coparente et la loi du 8 mai 2014 modifiant le Code civil en vue d’instaurer l’égalité de l’homme et de la femme dans le mode de transmission du nom à l’enfant et à l’adopté
- ^ Template:Fr icon Template:Nl icon Loi du 25 juin 2017 réformant des régimes relatifs aux personnes transgenres en ce qui concerne la mention d’une modification de du sexe dans les actes de l’état civil et ses effets/Wet van 25 juni 2017 tot hervorming van regelingen inzake transgenders wat de vermelding van een aanpassing van de registratie van het geslacht in de akten van de burgerlijke stand en de gevolgen hiervan betreft
- ^ Template:Fr icon Loi n° 99-944 du 15 novembre 1999 relative au pacte civil de solidarité
- ^ Erlanger, Steven (18 May 2013). "Hollande Signs French Gay Marriage Law". The New York Times. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
- ^ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/france.html
- ^ [8]
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- ^ http://www.gov.gg/CHttpHandler.ashx?id=98636&p=0
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- ^ "Guernsey votes to legalise same-sex marriage". Gay Times Magazine.
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- ^ "Legal Resources: Legal Resources Navigation List: Guernsey Law Reports 2007–08 GLR 161". guernseylegalresources.gg.
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- ^ "FAQs". The Adoption Authority of Ireland.
- ^ http://rainbow-europe.org/#8639/0/0
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- ^ Oireachtas Children and Family Relationships Act 2015
- ^ "Employment Equality Act, 1998". Irishstatutebook.ie. 18 June 1998. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
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- ^ "Same-sex Manx marriages can go ahead after Royal Assent". BBC. 19 July 2016. Archived from the original on 19 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
- ^ EMPLOYMENT ACT 2006
- ^ "GENDER RECOGNITION ACT 2009" (PDF). legislation.gov.im.
- ^ "Gender recognition bill to provide protection to Isle of Man trans residents". PinkNews.
- ^ "Civil Partnership (Jersey) Law 2012" (PDF). jerseylaw.je.
- ^ Equal Marriage and Partnership Options Paper Report
- ^ http://www.statesassembly.gov.je/AssemblyPropositions/2015/P.40-2015.pdf
- ^ GENDER RECOGNITION (JERSEY) LAW 2010
- ^ Template:Fr icon Loi du 9 juillet 2004 relative aux effets légaux de certains partenariats
- ^ Same-sex marriages from January 1
- ^ Same-Sex Marriage in Luxembourg from 1 January 2015
- ^ http://www.legilux.public.lu/leg/a/archives/2014/0125/a125.pdf
- ^ Template:Fr icon Mémorial A n° 207 de 2006
- ^ n°207 - Proposition de loi relative au Pacte de vie commune
- ^ Waaldijk, Kees. "Major legal consequences of marriage, cohabitation and registered partnership for different-sex and same-sex partners in the Netherlands" (PDF). INED. Retrieved October 27, 2013.
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- ^ ttp://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/netherlands.html
- ^ Template:Nl Staatsblad Wet van 25 november 2013 tot wijziging van Boek 1 van het Burgerlijk Wetboek in verband met het juridisch ouderschap van de vrouwelijke partner van de moeder anders dan door adoptie
- ^ https://www.government.nl/topics/discrimination/contents/prohibition-of-discrimination
- ^ https://www.buzzfeed.com/lesterfeder/the-netherlands-passes-landmark-gender-identity-law
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- ^ legislation.gov.uk Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008: Cases in which woman to be other parent
- ^ Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 (c. 4)