Euclastes
| Euclastes | |
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| Euclastes sp. skeleton | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Testudines |
| Suborder: | Cryptodira |
| Clade: | Pancheloniidae |
| Genus: | †Euclastes Cope, 1867 |
| Species[1] | |
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| Synonyms | |
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Euclastes is an extinct genus of sea turtles that survived the Cretaceous–Paleogene mass extinction. The genus was first named by Edward Drinker Cope in 1867, and contains three species. E. hutchisoni, was named in 2003 but has since been reassigned to the genus Pacifichelys,[2] while E. coahuilaensis named in 2009 was reassigned as Mexichelys coahuilaensis in 2010.[3][4]
Description
Unlike the sea turtles Toxochelys and Eochelone, Euclastes has a secondary palate. However, the secondary palate of Euclastes is not as extensive as it is in Ctenochelys. The genus can be distinguished by later sea turtles based on its broad, low skull; broad, flat palate; wide, flat dentary bone with an elongated symphysis; and low tomial ridge on the beak. The widened palate and dentaries give Eochelone wide, flat jaws suitable for crushing hard-shelled organisms.[2]
Classification
Species
- †E. acutirostris Jalil et al., 2009
- †E. platyops Cope, 1867
- †E. wielandi (Hay, 1908)
Phylogeny
Cladogram based on Lynch and Parham (2003)[2] and Parham and Pyenson (2010):[5]
| Cheloniidae sensu lato |
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Distribution
Fossils of Euclastes have been found in:[6]
- Maastrichtian
- Bentiaba, Angola[7]
- Quiriquina Formation, Chile
- Hornerstown and Navesink Formations, New Jersey
- Paleocene
- Jagüel and Roca Formations, Argentina
- Aquia and Brightseat Formations, Maryland
- Sidi Chennane and Couche 2 Formation, Morocco
- Eocene
- Parkers Ferry Formation, South Carolina
References
- ^ Parham, James F.; Pyenson, Nicholas D. (March 2010). "New sea turtle from the Miocene of Peru and the iterative evolution of feeding ecomorphologies since the Cretaceous". Journal of Paleontology. 84 (2): 231–247. doi:10.1666/09-077R.1. ISSN 0022-3360.
- ^ a b c Lynch, S.C.; Parham, J.F. (2003). "The first report of hard-shelled sea turtles (Cheloniidae sensu lato) from the Miocene of California, including a new species (Euclastes hutchisoni) with unusually plesiomorphic characters" (PDF). PaleoBios. 23 (3): 21–35.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Euclastes coahuilaensis from the Paleobiology Database
- ^ Exibidos fósseis de tartarugas com 72 mi de anos
- ^ James F. Parham; Nicholas D. Pyenson (2010). "New Sea Turtle from the Miocene of Peru and the Iterative Evolution of Feeding Ecomorphologies since the Cretaceous". Journal of Paleontology. 84 (2): 231–247. doi:10.1666/09-077R.1.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Euclastes at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Mateus, O., M. J. Polcyn, L. L. Jacobs, R. Arujo, A. S. Schulp, J. Marinheiro, B. Pereira and D. Vineyard. 2012. Cretaceous amniotes from Angola: dinosaurs, pterosaurs, mosasaurs, plesiosaurs, turtles. Actas de V Jornadas Internacionales sobre Paleontologia de Dinosaurios y su Entorno, Salas de los Infantes, Burgos 71-105
External links
- Chelonioidea
- Prehistoric turtle genera
- Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary
- Maastrichtian first appearances
- Eocene genus extinctions
- Cretaceous turtles
- Paleocene turtles
- Eocene turtles
- Late Cretaceous reptiles of Africa
- Fossils of Angola
- Late Cretaceous reptiles of North America
- Cretaceous United States
- Fossils of the United States
- Late Cretaceous reptiles of South America
- Cretaceous Chile
- Fossils of Chile
- Paleogene reptiles of Africa
- Fossils of Morocco
- Paleogene reptiles of North America
- Paleogene United States
- Paleogene reptiles of South America
- Paleogene Argentina
- Fossils of Argentina
- Fossil taxa described in 1867
- Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope