Dave Barrett
David Barrett | |
|---|---|
| File:Davebarrett.jpg Hon. David Barrett | |
| 26th Premier of British Columbia | |
| In office September 15, 1972 – December 22, 1975 | |
| Preceded by | William Andrew Cecil Bennett |
| Succeeded by | William Richards Bennett |
| Personal details | |
| Born | October 2, 1930 Vancouver, British Columbia |
| Political party | New Democratic Party of British Columbia |
| Spouse | Shirley Barrett |
David Barrett, O.C. (born 2 October, 1930 in Vancouver, British Columbia), commonly known as Dave Barrett, was a politician and social worker in British Columbia, Canada. He was Premier of British Columbia for three years between 1972 and 1975, the only Jewish premier in the province's history.
Barrett was first elected to British Columbia's legislature in the 1960 election as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation later to become the NDP) member for the electoral district of Dewdney. He had to fight to be allowed to run as he was a civil servant, as at the time civil servants were barred from running for office.
He became known for his public speaking ability and held his seat through four elections. He ran for the provincial leadership of the NDP, but lost to Tom Berger. However, Berger lost the 1969 election, a contest that the NDP had been expected to win. He resigned, and there was a quick campaign to draft Barrett as party leader.
Barrett led the NDP to its first provincial victory against the stagnating Social Credit government of W.A.C. Bennett in the 1972 election. He became Premier on September 15, 1972.
His government was criticized for its spending, quickly taking the government from surplus to debt. The NDP argued that the deficit was not entirely its fault as it had introduced modern accounting practices, and were caught by the huge liabilities that the Socred government had hidden off the books.
The Barrett government started the Royal Hudson steam train service, substantially reformed the welfare system, initiated a number of reforms such as establishing the province's Labour Relations Board, and expanded the public sector. The NDP also introduced more democracy into the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia through the introduction of question period and Hansard. The NDP also brought in the Agricultural Land Reserve (ALR) to protect the small supply of farm land in BC. The Insurance Corporation of British Columbia (ICBC) was formed to provide government car insurance. Both the ALR and ICBC are still functioning.
The NDP passed a new law on average every three days while in power. The pace of change was enough to scare the centre and centre-right into uniting together under the Social Credit banner to oppose the NDP. Social Credit gained Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) from both the Conservatives and the Liberals.
Barrett called a snap election in 1975, and was defeated by the Social Credit Party, now led by W.A.C.'s son, Bill Bennett. Bennett's campaign focused on attacking the Barrett government's handling of provincial finances.
In terms of raw numbers (but not percentage), the NDP increased its popular vote in the 1975 election, but would no longer form the government. Barrett was defeated in the Coquitlam seat he had held since its creation in a 1965 redistribution. In June 1976, he was returned to the legislature in a by-election in Vancouver East, after sitting NDP MLA Robert A. Williams stepped aside. He remained an MLA for that riding until 1984, continuing to lead the NDP against Bennett's Socreds in the 1979 and 1983 elections.
The charismatic Barrett was elected Member of Parliament for the riding of Esquimalt—Juan de Fuca in 1988.
He ran for the leadership of the federal New Democratic Party in 1989, but was defeated by Audrey McLaughlin at the party's leadership convention. Rival candidate Simon De Jong agreed to support Barrett in exchange for being named House Leader; unfortunately De Jong forgot that he was wearing a microphone as part of a CBC documentary on the convention and the back-room discussions leaked to the press. During the campaign, Barrett argued that the party should be concerned with Western alienation, rather than focusing its attention on Quebec. The Quebec leadership of the NDP strongly opposed Barrett's candidacy, and future Quebec MP Phil Edmonston threatened to resign from the party if Barrett became leader.
During contentious attempts to amend Canada's constitution, Barrett opposed the 1987 Meech Lake Accord, but reluctantly endorsed the 1992 Charlottetown Accord to comply with party policy. He later referred to the party's support for the Accord as a mistake.
He lost his seat in the 1993 federal election to Reform Party candidate Keith Martin.
Some have felt that Barrett would have made a more effective leader than McLaughlin, since the NDP had long been the voice of western discontent, but the party had never had much of a presence in Quebec. In 1989, the Quebec New Democratic Party adopted a sovereigntist platform and severed its ties with the federal NDP. Although Edmonston would win the NDP its first seat in Quebec through a by-election, he was a Quebec nationalist who clashed with the party over its position on Canadian federalism and against decentralization and devolving powers to Quebec. Barrett's warnings about Western alienation would prove prophetic in the 1993 federal election, as the Reform Party replaced the NDP as the protest voice west of Ontario.
Barrett is retired from active politics but continues to give speeches on current issues from time to time. In 2003, he supported Bill Blaikie's bid to become leader of the federal NDP. In 2005, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada.
