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Template:Infobox French region Occitanie (French: [ɔksitani] ^ⓘ; Occitan: Occitània [utsi'tanjɔ], Catalan: Occitània [uksi'tanjə]) is an administrative region of France that was created on 1 January 2016 from former French regions Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées. France's Conseil d'État approved Occitanie as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, effective 30 September 2016.^[1]

The modern administrative region is named after the cultural and historical region of Occitania, which covers a larger area. The modern administrative area covers a similar area to that ruled by the Counts of Toulouse in the 12th and 13th Centuries. The banner of arms of those counts, known colloquially as the Occitan cross, is used by the modern region and is also a popular cultural symbol.

The new region covers an area of more than 72,724 km² (28,079 sq mi) with a population of 5,626,858.^[2]

Toponymy

As the provisional name of the new region, the text of the law specified the hyphenated names of the region's predecessors, Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées, in alphabetical order. As for most of the merged regions, a permanent name was proposed by the new regional council;.^[3]^[4]^[5] The new name, Occitanie, comes from the historical name of the broader region, which refers to the historic use of the Occitan language and its various dialects in the region, named for the use of the word òc as the equivalent of "yes."

Enacted in 2014, the territorial reform of the regions has been subject to debate for many years.^[6] On 24 June 2016, the regional assembly of Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées adopted Occitanie after a lengthy public consultation, which corresponds to the name of the linguistic region that included most of the new region's territory.^[7]

The regional assembly resolution inflamed the about 450,000 French Catalans (or Catalans of the North, as most of them call themselves), living in the region, and which regarded the new name as erasing their presence from the map.^[8] On 10 September 2016, about 10,000 people (7,800 according to police) demonstrated at Perpignan, demanding that the merged region name contained the words "Pays catalan" (Catalan land).^[9] Catalans are less than one-tenth of the population of the enlarged region, giving grim expectations about full recognition of the Catalan culture.

The provisional name of the region was withdrawn on 30 September 2016, when the new name of the region took effect.^[1]

Departments

Code	Department	Prefecture	Named after	Population (2013)
09	Ariège	Foix	Ariège (river)	152,684
11	Aude	Carcassonne	Aude (river)	364,877
12	Aveyron	Rodez	Aveyron (river)	277,740
30	Gard	Nîmes	Gardon (river)	733,201
31	Haute-Garonne	Toulouse	Garonne (river)	1,298,562
32	Gers	Auch	Gers (river)	190,276
34	Hérault	Montpellier	Hérault (river)	1,092,331
46	Lot	Cahors	Lot (river)	173,758
48	Lozère	Mende	Mont Lozère	76,607
65	Hautes-Pyrénées	Tarbes	Pyrenees	228,868
66	Pyrénées-Orientales	Perpignan	Pyrenees	462,705
81	Tarn	Albi	Tarn (river)	381,927
82	Tarn-et-Garonne	Montauban	Tarn and Garonne rivers	250,342

Major communities

Toulouse (466,297; region prefecture)
Montpellier (272,084)
Nîmes (150,564)
Perpignan (120,959)
Béziers (74,811)
Montauban (57,921)

Culture

Historical identity

	Map of the new region with its thirteen départements, colored according to the historical provinces as they existed until 1790. Languedoc Guyenne and Gascony County of Foix Roussillon

This new administrative region includes provinces and territories that have diverse cultural and historical origins, particularly in the 18th centuries: the Languedoc (High and Low Languedoc), Països Catalans (Roussillon, Cerdanya, Vallespir, Conflent, Capcir), the County of Foix, and the eastern parts of ancients Gascony (Armagnac, Comminges, Couserans, Bigorre, Condomois, Nébouzan, Rivière-Verdun) and Guiana (Carcin, Roergue). During the Ancien Régime, however, most of them belonged to the Parliament of Toulouse founded in 1443.

On the cultural level, this new region is of Latin tradition^{[disambiguation needed]} (Occitan and Catalan cultures), most of which are connected to Occitanie, with the exception of most of the department Pyrénées-Orientales related to Països Catalans.

Occitania

Occitania^[10](Occitània^[11] or Óucitanìo^[12] in Occitan) is a historical region^[13]^[14]^[15] of southwestern Europe where Occitan was the main vernacular language. This territory was already united in Roman times under the name of Viennese and then "Seven Provinces" (Latin: Septem Provinciæ^[16]) and the Aquitaine at the beginning of the Middle Age^[17] (Aquitanica, Visigoth kingdom of Toulouse^[18]), before the Frankish conquest. Occitania is characterized by "the Occitan culture" which represents since the Middle Ages the second side of the Romance culture in France and to a lesser extent in Italy, in Spain and in Monaco.^[19] It is presented and recognized on institutional sites of French communities, such as those of the Lot-et-Garonne County Council^[20] or the city of Agen.^[21]

Languedoc

The territory of what is progressively called Languedoc (region where we speak langue d'oc, in Occitan Lengadòc, Occitan pronunciation: [.leŋgo̞ðɔ]) is largely attached to the Kingdom of France in the 13th century after the Albigensian Crusade (1208 - 1229) which aims to put an end to what is called by the Church "Catharine heroism" and which especially allowed the Capetian dynasty to extend their influence to the south of the Loire. The former principalities of Trencavel (Viscount of Albi, Carcassona, Besièrs, Agde and Nimes are thus integrated into the Royal French Domain) in 1224 and Counts of Toulouse in 1271. The last feudal enclaves will gradually be absorbed in turn in a movement which continues until the beginning of the 16th century, with the County of Gévaudan in 1258, the County of Melgueil (Mauguiò) in 1293, the Lordship of Montpellier in 1349 and the Viscounts of Narbonne in 1507.

The territory falling within the jurisdiction of Estates of Languedoc (convened for the first time in 1346) then gradually reduced to what is called during the Ancien Régime the province of Languedoc.

The year 1359 marks a turning point^[22] in the history of the province: as Henri Gilles has established^[23] in 1965 in^[24] his monograph on the States of Languedoc at 15th c.,^[25] it is in 1359 that the bonnes villes^[26] of the three bailiwicks of Bèucaire, Carcassona and Tolosa ^[23]^[24] conclude between them a perpetual union ^[23]^[24] then ^[25] require royal officers ^[26] to be summoned together^[23]^[24] and no longer separately, by senéchaussée. Towards the end of 14th century, this "country of the three seneschalties", to which the name of Languedoc was to be reserved, designates the two senechaussees of Bèucaire-Nimes and Carcassona and the eastern part of that of Tolosa (Toulouse), preserved in the Treaty of Brétigny. The County of Foix, which belongs to the seneschal of Carcassona until 1333 then that of Toulouse, ceases to belong to Languedoc.

In 1542, the province is divided into two généralités: that of Toulouse for Haut-Languedoc, and that of Montpellier for Bas-Languedoc. These last until 1789. On the other hand, from 17th century, there is only one intendance for the whole Languedoc, sitting in Montpellier.

Haute-Guyenne

Historical countries of Grand Sud-Ouest français, the former provinces of Gascony (in Gascon Gasconha (Occitan pronunciation: [gasˈkuɲɔ / gasˈkuɲə]) and Guyenne (in Occitan Guiana Occitan pronunciation: [giˈjanɔ]) come from medieval duchys of Vasconia, Aquitaine then of Guyenne. Only the eastern regions of these two provinces are today part of the Occitania region: they correspond essentially to the territories that were acquired by the kings of England, dukes of Guyenne, to treaty of Brétigny of 1360, then which remained under the jurisdiction of the Parlement of Toulouse after the creation of the Parlement of Bordeaux in 1462. From that time, they are generally grouped under the name of Haute-Guyenne, as opposed to Basse-Guyenne dependent on the Bordeaux court.

The territories of the former province of Guyenne (Guiana) included in the region actually correspond to Quercy (the current department of Lot and the north of Tarn e Garona) and Roergue (Avairon). Possession of the Counts of Toulouse, from a branch junior or the main branch, from the 19th century, these two counties are thus part of the linguistic area of Occitan in its Languedocien dialectal variant. Like the other possessions of the Counts of Toulouse, they are integrated for the first time with the French royal domain in 1271 then are yielded to the kings of England to the Treaty of Brétigny of 1360. The Quercy is definitely reunited with the Crown in 1472, the Roergue, possession of the counts of Armagnac, before for its part to wait 1607. They are part of the province of Guyenne (erected in gouvernement militaire in 1561), and constitute the généralité de Montauban from of 1635 (which becomes the province of Haute-Guyenne in 1779). Today, the term Guyenne no longer has any reality either administrative or political. Only the Haut-Agenais, in search of an identity, tried to exploit the historic capital "Guiana" by promoting the "Pais de Guiana" in the Lot-et-Garonnean part of the valley of Dròt. However, this meaning is now dethroned by "Pais del Dròt", a more tourist-oriented term. The appellations of Quercy and Roergue retain, on the other hand, a strong identity value.

Gascony is the former province located on the territory of current departments of Gers (Armanhac and Condomois), Hautes-Pyrénées (Bigorre), to which are added the Lanas in the neighboring region and, in part, other departments of the two regions of Aquitània and Midi-Pyrénées (Comenge, Nebosan and Rivière-Verdun in the south and west of the Haute-Garonne essentially, Couserans in the western part of Ariège). Successively called Aquitania, Novempopulania, Vasconia (territory of the people of Vascones) and Gascony at 13th century, it is strong of geographical diversity of its natural territory, located between Atlantic, Garona and Pyrenees. Claiming an cultural identity based on its evolving history of Aquitani peoples of Proto-Basque language to a people of Gascons sharing an latinized dialect (an Occitan dialect) common, it constitutes the current linguistic area of the Gascon. It is gradually part of the Royal French domain, between the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century. Thus, the Comenge is yielded to the kings of France to the extinction of the local dynasty in 1443, the Armagnac, the Bigorre and the Nebosan with the county of Foix in 1607.

County of Foix (Fois)

The County of Foix^[27] is an old French county created around 1050^[27] from of County of Carcassonne for Bernard Roger,^[27] son of Roger I of Carcassonna.^[27] In 1398, the county passes to House of Grailly^[27] and, in 1458, the King Charles VII of France erects it in peer in favor of the count Gaston IV.^[28]

The county-peerage passes to the House of Albret in 1484^[27] then to House of Bourbon-Vendôme in 1548.^[27] In 1607, the king Henri IV unites the county to the Royal French domain.^[27]

Since the French Revolution, the county is fully included in the department of Ariège. The Occitan dialect that is traditionally spoken there is the Languedocien.

The territories of the Province of Ancien Régime of Roussillon, formerly integrated with the Catalan counties, Kingdom of Majorca and the crown of Aragon, were attached to the crown of France during the Treaty of the Pyrenees signed on 7 November 1659. Before this treaty, the border between the kingdoms of France and Aragon followed further north, the line of citadels of vertigo (see Castles and Treaty of Corbeil).

They correspond to the counties founded in the 9th century of Roussillon and Conflent as well as to the northern part of that of Cerdanya, to which is added the former viscount of Vallespir (pagus of County of Besalú united to that of Roussillon in 1209). Bringing together the vigueries of Roussillon,^[29] Conflent^[30] and the north of that of Cerdanya^[31] which existed in the government of the counties of Roussillon and Cerdanya (governació dels comtats of Rosselló i Cerdanya in Catalan^[32]) of the Crown of Aragon at the time of their attachment to France, the new province of Roussillon^[33] or simply, in the absence of equivocation, Roussillon,^[34] is a taxing country devoid of provincial states^[35] (a provincial assembly, the provincial assembly of Roussillon,^[36] is only created on August 15, 1787^[37]). It forms at the same time a government^[38] and an intendance,^[39] and as a border province, it reports to the Secretary of State for War.^[40] It has a sovereign jurisdiction, independent of the Parlement of Toulouse, the Roussillon Sovereign Council.

Currently, the name of Roussillon is still the most used to designate this territory, being found in the denomination of the former region Languedoc-Roussillon.

From now on, the territory is often subdivided into five traditional and natural comarques, unofficial: the Rosselló (in its restrictive geographical acceptance), the Vallespir, the Conflent, the Cerdanya and the Capcir. Add the Fenouillèdes, Occitan section of the department.

References

^ ^a ^b Décret n° 2016-1264 du 28 septembre 2016 portant fixation du nom et du chef-lieu de la région Occitanie (in French)
^ "Populations légales 2012 des régions". Insee. Retrieved 16 January 2015.
^ "Nom Région LRMP : Quelques jours pour Se mobiliser, des décennies pour durer". Le Blog De L’occitan / Lo Blòg Occitan. France 3. 2016-05-14. Retrieved 2016-08-10.
^ "Nom Région LRMP : Occitanie c'est validé, Carole Delga s'occupe des Catalans". Le Blog Politique. France 3. 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2016-08-10.
^ Loi n° 2015-29 du 16 janvier 2015 Relative à la délimitation des régions, aux élections régionales et départementales et modifiant le calendrier électoral (in fr)
^ "Résultats élections Régionales 2015". Le Monde (in French). Agence France-Presse. 14 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
^ "Le nom de ma région : Occitanie - La nouvelle Région - Région Occitanie / Pyrénées-Méditerranée". Regionlrmp.fr. Retrieved 2016-08-10.
^ Minder, Raphael (8 September 2016). "'Don't Erase Us': French Catalans Fear Losing More Than a Region's Name". www.nytimes.com. The New York Times Company. Archived from the original on 8 February 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017. We are the Catalans of the North and we want to continue to exist as such. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "Thousands hold pro Catalan rally in southern France". www.yahoo.com. 10 September 2016. Archived from the original on 11 September 2016. Retrieved 6 November 2017. Organisers said as many as 10,000 people gathered -- police put the figure at some 7,800 people -- to demand their newly-merged region contain the words "Pays catalan" (Catalan land). {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "Définition de l’Occitanie", website of the town of Agen.
^ Occitània with a grave accent on à according to the classical norm [fr]. The variant Occitania * - without accent - is considered incorrect. See the normative grammar of Alibert [fr] (p. Viii) and the recommendations of the Conselh de la Lenga Occitana (p. 101).
^ Writing according to mistralian graph.
^ Malcom Todd (2004). The Early Germans. The peoples of Europe (second revised and expanded ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. 139 to 171; Chapter 7: The Gothics kingdoms. ISBN 978-1-4051-1714-2.
^ Michel Zimmermann (1992). Southern societies around the year 1000, directory of sources and documents commented (in French). Paris: CNRS éditions. ISBN 2222047153.
^ Collective directed by André Armengaud and Robert Lafont (1979). History of Occitanie - by a team of historians. Paris: Hachette. ISBN 2010060393.
^ Map of the Roman Empire circa 400 CE
^ Julien Bellarbre, The Aquitaine nation in the monastic historiography of the South of the Loire (8th-12th centuries)", Journal of the French Institute of History in Germany [Online], 6 | 2014, posted on December 31, 2014.
^ Map of the Visigoth Kingdom
^ Pierre Bec, The Occitan Language, Publisher Presses universitaires de France, Paris, 1986, pp. 3.
^ "Occitanie", site of the Lot et Garonne County Council [without hyphen]
^ "Definition of Occitanie", site of the City of Agen
^ Rainer Babel, Jean-Marie Moeglin (1997). "Identité régionale et conscience nationale en France et en Allemagne du Moyen Âge à l'époque moderne". actes du colloque organisé par l'université Paris XII – Val-de-Marne, l'Institut universitaire de France et l'Institut historique allemand à l'université Paris XII et à la fondation Singer-Polignac les 6 octobre 1993, 7 octobre 1993 et 8 octobre 1993 (first ed.). Sigmaringen: Thorbecke. ISBN 978-3-7995-7340-5. Retrieved March 15, 2016..
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Paul Ourliac (1968). Sur une province française. pp. 190–195. {{cite book}}: |magazine= ignored (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Jean Guérout (1967). Henri Gilles. Les États de Languedoc au XV. Toulouse, Édouard Privat, 1965. In-8o, 363 p., couverture illustrée. (Bibliothèque méridionale, 2e série, XL.) (in French). Vol. 125. {{cite book}}: |magazine= ignored (help)
^ ^a ^b Henry Gilles (1965). The States of Languedoc at 15th c. Toulouse: Éditions Privat.
^ ^a ^b Raymond Cazelles (January 1982). Société politique, noblesse et couronne sous Jean le Bon et Charles V (in French) (first ed.). Geneva and Paris: Droz (published with the help of National Center for Scientific Research). ISBN 978-2-600-04531-5.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "county of Foix". Larousse Encyclopedia Online (in French). Éditions Larousse.
^ Guy Antonetti (2000). "Les princes étrangers". État et société en France aux XVIIe et XVIIIe s. By Jean-Pierre Bardet, Dominique Dinet, Jean-Pierre Poussou and Marie-Catherine Vignal (monograph) (in French). Paris: Presses de l'université Paris-Sorbonne. ISBN 978-2-84050-151-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).
^ France. Viguerie du Roussillon BnF 12494240r.
^ France. Viguerie de Conflent et Capcir BnF 12494275d.
^ France. Viguerie de Cerdagne BnF 12494237v.
^ "Rosselló i Cerdanya County" (in Catalan). Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana online..
^ Roussillon, Province of (France; 1659- 1790) BnF 153258873.
^ Roussillon (Pyrénées-Orientales) BnF 11940604q.
^ Vincent Adoumié (January 23, 2013). Les régions françaises (in French) (2nd revised and expanded ed.). Paris: Hachette supérieur. ISBN 978-2-01-140018-5.
^ France. Assemblée provinciale du RoussillonBnF 124999479.
^ Règlement fait par le Roi [en Conseil] sur la formation et la composition des assemblées qui auront lieu dans la province de Roussillon (Versailles, 15 août 1787). Paris: Imprimerie royale. 1787..
^ France. Gouvernement de Roussillon BnF 11685874z.
^ Lucien Bély (September 10, 2015). Dictionnaire Louis XIV (first ed.). Paris: Éditions Robert Laffont. ISBN 978-2-221-12482-6..
^ Cite error: The named reference Bely (2015) was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

External links

Merger of the regions - France 3

[Decree_confirming_new_region_name-1] Décret n° 2016-1264 du 28 septembre 2016 portant fixation du nom et du chef-lieu de la région Occitanie (in French)

[Population-2] "Populations légales 2012 des régions". Insee. Retrieved 16 January 2015.

[3] "Nom Région LRMP : Quelques jours pour Se mobiliser, des décennies pour durer". Le Blog De L’occitan / Lo Blòg Occitan. France 3. 2016-05-14. Retrieved 2016-08-10.

[4] "Nom Région LRMP : Occitanie c'est validé, Carole Delga s'occupe des Catalans". Le Blog Politique. France 3. 2016-06-17. Retrieved 2016-08-10.

[reform_law-5] Loi n° 2015-29 du 16 janvier 2015 Relative à la délimitation des régions, aux élections régionales et départementales et modifiant le calendrier électoral (in fr)

[6] "Résultats élections Régionales 2015". Le Monde (in French). Agence France-Presse. 14 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.

[regionlrmp1-7] "Le nom de ma région : Occitanie - La nouvelle Région - Région Occitanie / Pyrénées-Méditerranée". Regionlrmp.fr. Retrieved 2016-08-10.

[8] Minder, Raphael (8 September 2016). "'Don't Erase Us': French Catalans Fear Losing More Than a Region's Name". www.nytimes.com. The New York Times Company. Archived from the original on 8 February 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2017. We are the Catalans of the North and we want to continue to exist as such. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[9] "Thousands hold pro Catalan rally in southern France". www.yahoo.com. 10 September 2016. Archived from the original on 11 September 2016. Retrieved 6 November 2017. Organisers said as many as 10,000 people gathered -- police put the figure at some 7,800 people -- to demand their newly-merged region contain the words "Pays catalan" (Catalan land). {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[10] "Définition de l’Occitanie", website of the town of Agen.

[11] Occitània with a grave accent on à according to the classical norm [fr]. The variant Occitania * - without accent - is considered incorrect. See the normative grammar of Alibert [fr] (p. Viii) and the recommendations of the Conselh de la Lenga Occitana (p. 101).

[12] Writing according to mistralian graph.

[TODD-13] Malcom Todd (2004). The Early Germans. The peoples of Europe (second revised and expanded ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. 139 to 171; Chapter 7: The Gothics kingdoms. ISBN 978-1-4051-1714-2.

[ZIM-14] Michel Zimmermann (1992). Southern societies around the year 1000, directory of sources and documents commented (in French). Paris: CNRS éditions. ISBN 2222047153.

[15] Collective directed by André Armengaud and Robert Lafont (1979). History of Occitanie - by a team of historians. Paris: Hachette. ISBN 2010060393.

[16] Map of the Roman Empire circa 400 CE

[17] Julien Bellarbre, The Aquitaine nation in the monastic historiography of the South of the Loire (8th-12th centuries)", Journal of the French Institute of History in Germany [Online], 6 | 2014, posted on December 31, 2014.

[18] Map of the Visigoth Kingdom

[19] Pierre Bec, The Occitan Language, Publisher Presses universitaires de France, Paris, 1986, pp. 3.

[20] "Occitanie", site of the Lot et Garonne County Council [without hyphen]

[21] "Definition of Occitanie", site of the City of Agen

[22] Rainer Babel, Jean-Marie Moeglin (1997). "Identité régionale et conscience nationale en France et en Allemagne du Moyen Âge à l'époque moderne". actes du colloque organisé par l'université Paris XII – Val-de-Marne, l'Institut universitaire de France et l'Institut historique allemand à l'université Paris XII et à la fondation Singer-Polignac les 6 octobre 1993, 7 octobre 1993 et 8 octobre 1993 (first ed.). Sigmaringen: Thorbecke. ISBN 978-3-7995-7340-5. Retrieved March 15, 2016..

[Ourliac_(1967)-23] Paul Ourliac (1968). Sur une province française. pp. 190–195. {{cite book}}: |magazine= ignored (help)

[Guérout_(1965)-24] Jean Guérout (1967). Henri Gilles. Les États de Languedoc au XV. Toulouse, Édouard Privat, 1965. In-8o, 363 p., couverture illustrée. (Bibliothèque méridionale, 2e série, XL.) (in French). Vol. 125. {{cite book}}: |magazine= ignored (help)

[Gilles_(1965)-25] Henry Gilles (1965). The States of Languedoc at 15th c. Toulouse: Éditions Privat.

[Cazelles_(1982)-26] Raymond Cazelles (January 1982). Société politique, noblesse et couronne sous Jean le Bon et Charles V (in French) (first ed.). Geneva and Paris: Droz (published with the help of National Center for Scientific Research). ISBN 978-2-600-04531-5.

[Larousse-27] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "county of Foix". Larousse Encyclopedia Online (in French). Éditions Larousse.

[28] Guy Antonetti (2000). "Les princes étrangers". État et société en France aux XVIIe et XVIIIe s. By Jean-Pierre Bardet, Dominique Dinet, Jean-Pierre Poussou and Marie-Catherine Vignal (monograph) (in French). Paris: Presses de l'université Paris-Sorbonne. ISBN 978-2-84050-151-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).

[29] France. Viguerie du Roussillon BnF 12494240r.

[30] France. Viguerie de Conflent et Capcir BnF 12494275d.

[31] France. Viguerie de Cerdagne BnF 12494237v.

[32] "Rosselló i Cerdanya County" (in Catalan). Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana online..

[33] Roussillon, Province of (France; 1659- 1790) BnF 153258873.

[34] Roussillon (Pyrénées-Orientales) BnF 11940604q.

[35] Vincent Adoumié (January 23, 2013). Les régions françaises (in French) (2nd revised and expanded ed.). Paris: Hachette supérieur. ISBN 978-2-01-140018-5.

[36] France. Assemblée provinciale du RoussillonBnF 124999479.

[37] Règlement fait par le Roi [en Conseil] sur la formation et la composition des assemblées qui auront lieu dans la province de Roussillon (Versailles, 15 août 1787). Paris: Imprimerie royale. 1787..

[38] France. Gouvernement de Roussillon BnF 11685874z.

[Bély_(2015)-39] Lucien Bély (September 10, 2015). Dictionnaire Louis XIV (first ed.). Paris: Éditions Robert Laffont. ISBN 978-2-221-12482-6..

[Bely_(2015)-40] Cite error: The named reference Bely (2015) was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 {{Infobox French region
 |Name           = Occitanie
-|Native_name    =
+|Native_name    = Occitània
 |map            = Occitanie in France 2016.svg
 |shield         = Blason Région Occitanie - Fond transparent.png
 |logo_size      =
 |flag          = Flag of Région Occitanie Perpinyà variation.svg
 |flag_link      =
 |capital        = {{lang|fr|[[Toulouse]]}}
 |largest_city   =
 |area           = 72724
 |area_source    =
 |population     = 5626858
 |pop_ref        =
 |pop_date       = 2012
 |pop_rank       =
 |GDP_rank =
 |GDP_year =
 |GDP_ref =
 |GDP =
 |GDP_US$ =
 |GDP_per_capita =
 |GDP_per_capita_US$ =
 |website        =
 |leader_title   =
 |leader         = {{lang|fr|[[Carole Delga]]}}
 |leader_party   = [[Socialist Party (France)|Socialist Party]]
@@ Line 43: / Line 43: @@
 |dept12         = {{lang|fr|[[Tarn (department)|Tarn]]}} (81)
 |dept13         = {{lang|fr|[[Tarn-et-Garonne]]}} (82)
 |NUTS           =
 |iso region     =
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 '''Occitanie''' ({{IPA-fr|ɔksitani|lang|En-us-Occitanie.ogg}}; {{lang-oc|Occitània}} [utsi'tanjɔ], {{lang-ca|Occitània}} [uksi'tanjə]) is an administrative [[regions of France|region of France]] that was created on 1 January 2016 from former French regions {{lang|fr|[[Languedoc-Roussillon]]}} and {{lang|fr|[[Midi-Pyrénées]]}}. France's [[Conseil d'État (France)|Conseil d'État]] approved Occitanie as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, effective 30 September 2016.<ref name="Decree confirming new region name">{{cite French decree|number or usual name=n° 2016-1264|date in French=28 septembre 2016|full name=portant fixation du nom et du chef-lieu de la région Occitanie|article=|articles=|language=French|lower case=|url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000033161437&dateTexte=&categorieLien=id}}</ref>
@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
 [[File:Occitania blanck map.PNG|thumb|300px|The historic cultural area of Occitania]]
-[[File:France_1154-en.svg|thumb|300px|The County of Toulouse in 1154 (shown in blue)]]
+[[File:France 1154-en.svg|thumb|300px|The County of Toulouse in 1154 (shown in blue)]]
 ==Toponymy==
@@ Line 85: / Line 85: @@
 The provisional name of the region was withdrawn on 30 September 2016, when the new name of the region took effect.<ref name="Decree confirming new region name"/>
-[[Image:Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées et provinces.svg|thumb|center|upright=2|Map of the new region with its thirteen {{lang|fr|départements}}, colored according to the [[provinces of France|historical provinces]] as they existed until [[French Revolution|1790]].
-{{div col|2}}
-{{legend|#e1c44a|{{lang|fr|[[Languedoc]]}} }}
-{{legend|#84b7ca|{{lang|fr|[[Guyenne]]}} and [[Gascony]]}}
-{{legend|#efb3c7|[[County of Foix|County of {{lang|fr|Foix|nocat=y}}]] }}
-{{legend|#a3d283|{{lang|fr|[[Roussillon]]}} }}
-{{div col end}}]]
 ==Departments==
@@ Line 204: / Line 196: @@
 * {{lang|fr|[[Béziers]]}} (74,811)
 * {{lang|fr|[[Montauban]]}} (57,921)
+== Culture ==
+=== Historical identity ===
+{|
+! [[File:Départements régions français dans Occitanie historique.svg|thumb|542x542px|The Occitanie region within [[Occitanie (cultural region)|Occitan space]] (red line)| ]]
+! [[Image:Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées et provinces.svg|thumb|center|upright=2|Map of the new region with its thirteen {{lang|fr|départements}}, colored according to the [[provinces of France|historical provinces]] as they existed until [[French Revolution|1790]].
+{{div col|2}}
+{{legend|#e1c44a|{{lang|fr|[[Languedoc]]}} }}
+{{legend|#84b7ca|{{lang|fr|[[Guyenne]]}} and [[Gascony]]}}
+{{legend|#efb3c7|[[County of Foix|County of {{lang|fr|Foix|nocat=y}}]] }}
+{{legend|#a3d283|{{lang|fr|[[Roussillon]]}} }}
+{{div col end}}]]
+|}
+This new administrative region includes provinces and territories that have diverse cultural and historical origins, particularly in the 18th centuries: the [[Languedoc]] (High and Low Languedoc), [[Països Catalans]] ([[Roussillon]], [[Cerdanya]], [[Vallespir]], [[Conflent]], [[Capcir]]), the [[County of Foix]], and the eastern parts of ancients [[Gascony]] ([[Armagnac (province)|Armagnac]], [[Comminges]], [[Couserans]], [[County of Bigorre|Bigorre]], [[Condomois]], [[Nébouzan]], [[Rivière-Verdun]]) and [[Guyenne|Guiana]] ([[Quercy|Carcin]], [[Rouergue|Roergue]]). During the [[Ancien Régime]], however, most of them belonged to the [[Parliament of Toulouse]] founded in 1443.
+On the cultural level, this new region is of [[Latin Europe|Latin tradition]]{{dn|date=December 2017}} ([[Occitan culture|Occitan]] and [[Catalan culture]]s), most of which are connected to Occitanie, with the exception of most of the department [[Pyrénées-Orientales]] related to [[Països Catalans]].
+==== Occitania ====
+{{Main|Occitania}}
+[[Occitania]]<ref>[http://www.agen.fr/definition-occitanie "Définition de l’Occitanie"], website of the town of [[Agen]].</ref>(''Occitània''<ref>''Occitània'' with a grave accent on ''à'' according to the {{ill|Classical standard of Occitan|fr|Norme classique de l'occitan|lt=classical norm}}. The variant '' Occitania * '' - without accent - is considered incorrect. See the {{ill|normative grammar of Alibert|fr|Gramatica occitana segon los parlars lengadocians}} (p. Viii) and the recommendations of the [[Conselh de la Lenga Occitana]] ([http://www.revistadoc.org/file/Linguistica%20occitana%206%20CLO.pdf p. 101]).</ref> or ''Óucitanìo''<ref>Writing according to [[mistralian norm|mistralian graph]].</ref> in [[Occitan]]) is a [[historical region]]<ref name = "TODD">{{ cite book
+| language = en
+| author = Malcom Todd
+| title = The Early Germans
+| series = The peoples of Europe
+| publisher = Blackwell Publishing
+| place = [[Oxford]]
+| year = 2004 |edition=second revised and expanded
+| volume =
+| at = 139 to 171; Chapter 7: ''The Gothics kingdoms''
+| isbn = 978-1-4051-1714-2
+}}</ref><ref name = "ZIM">{{Cite book | language = fr | author = Michel Zimmermann | title = Southern societies around the year 1000, directory of sources and documents commented | place = Paris | publisher = CNRS éditions | year = 1992  | isbn = 2222047153| pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book| language = en | author = Collective directed by André Armengaud and Robert Lafont | title = History of Occitanie - by a team of historians | place= Paris | publisher = Hachette | year = 1979 | pages = | isbn = 2010060393 }}</ref> of southwestern [[Europe]] where Occitan was the main [[vernacular language]]. This territory was already united in Roman times under the name of [[Septem Provinciae|Viennese]] and then "Seven Provinces" (Latin: Septem Provinciæ<ref>[http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/The_Roman_Empire_ca_400_AD.png Map of the Roman Empire circa 400 CE]</ref>) and the Aquitaine at the beginning of the [[Middle Age]]<ref>Julien Bellarbre, [https://ifha.revues.org/8049 The Aquitaine nation in the monastic historiography of the South of the Loire (8th-12th centuries)"], ''Journal of the French Institute of History in Germany'' [Online], 6 | 2014, posted on December 31, 2014.</ref> (Aquitanica, Visigoth kingdom of Toulouse<ref>[http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Royaume_Wisigoths_2.png Map of the Visigoth Kingdom]</ref>), before the Frankish conquest. Occitania is characterized by "the Occitan culture" which represents since the Middle Ages the second side of the Romance culture in [[France]] and to a lesser extent in [[Italy]], in [[Spain]] and in [[Monaco]].<ref>Pierre Bec, ''The Occitan Language'', Publisher Presses universitaires de France, Paris, 1986, pp. 3.</ref> It is presented and recognized on institutional sites of French communities, such as those of the [[Lot-et-Garonne County Council]]<ref>[http://www.lotetgaronne.fr/fr/le-lot-et-garonne/occitanie.html "Occitanie"], site of the Lot et Garonne County Council [without hyphen]</ref> or the city of [[Agen]].<ref>[http://www.agen.fr/definition-occitanie  "Definition of Occitanie"], site of the City of Agen</ref>
+===== Languedoc =====
+[[File:Blason Languedoc.svg|thumb|right|200px|The blazon of the counts of Toulouse and Languedoc: the [[Occitan cross]] gold on the bottom of mouth.]]
+The territory of what is progressively called [[Languedoc]] (region where we speak [[Occitan|langue d'oc]], in [[Occitan]] ''Lengadòc'', {{IPA-oc|.leŋgo̞ðɔ}}) is largely attached to the [[Kingdom of France]] in the 13th century after the [[Albigensian Crusade]] (1208 - 1229) which aims to put an end to what is called by the Church "[[Catharism|Catharine heroism]]" and which especially allowed the [[Capetian dynasty]] to extend their influence to the south of the [[Loire]]. The former principalities of [[Trencavel]] (Viscount of [[Albi]], [[Carcassonne|Carcassona]], [[Béziers|Besièrs]], [[Agde]] and [[Nîmes|Nimes]] are thus integrated into the [[Crown lands of France|Royal French Domain]]) in 1224 and [[Counts of Toulouse]] in 1271. The last feudal enclaves will gradually be absorbed in turn in a movement which continues until the beginning of the 16th century, with the [[County of Gévaudan]] in 1258, the [[County of Melgueil]] ([[Mauguio|Mauguiò]]) in 1293, the [[Lordship of Montpellier]] in 1349 and the [[Viscounts of Narbonne]] in 1507.
+The territory falling within the jurisdiction of [[Estates of Languedoc]] (convened for the first time in 1346) then gradually reduced to what is called during the [[Ancien Régime]] the [[Provinces of France|province of Languedoc]].
+The year 1359 marks a turning point<ref>{{cite book|language=en
+|author=Rainer Babel, Jean-Marie Moeglin
+|title="Identité régionale et conscience nationale en France et en Allemagne du Moyen Âge à l'époque moderne". actes du colloque organisé par l'université Paris XII – Val-de-Marne, l'Institut universitaire de France et l'Institut historique allemand à l'université Paris XII et à la fondation Singer-Polignac les 6 octobre 1993, 7 octobre 1993 et 8 octobre 1993
+|place=Sigmaringen
+|publisher=Thorbecke
+|date=1997 |edition=first
+|isbn=978-3-7995-7340-5
+|url=http://www.thorbecke.de/identite-regionale-et-conscience-nationale-en-france-et-en-allemagne-du-moyen-age-a-lepoque-moderne-p-298.html|accessdate=March 15, 2016}}.</ref> in the history of the province: as Henri Gilles has established<ref name="Ourliac (1967)">{{cite book|language=en
+|author=Paul Ourliac
+|title=Sur une province française
+|magazine=Journal des savants
+|date=1968
+|pages=190–195
+|url=http://www.persee.fr/doc/jds_0021-8103_1968_num_3_1_1178
+}}</ref> in 1965 in<ref name="Guérout (1965)">{{cite book
+|language=fr
+|author=Jean Guérout|title=Henri Gilles. ''Les États de Languedoc au XV''. Toulouse, Édouard Privat, 1965. In-8o, 363 p., couverture illustrée. (Bibliothèque méridionale, 2e série, XL.)
+|magazine= Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes
+|date=1967
+|volume=125
+|number=1, pp. 285-295
+|url=http://www.persee.fr/doc/bec_0373-6237_1967_num_125_1_449758_t1_0285_0000_6
+}}</ref> his monograph on ''the States of Languedoc at 15th c.'',<ref name="Gilles (1965)">{{cite book
+|author=Henry Gilles
+|title=The States of Languedoc at 15th c.
+|place=Toulouse
+|publisher=Éditions Privat
+|date=1965
+}}</ref> it is in 1359 that the [[Bonne ville|bonnes villes]]<ref name="Cazelles (1982)">{{cite book
+|language=fr
+|author=Raymond Cazelles
+|title=Société politique, noblesse et couronne sous Jean le Bon et Charles V
+|place=Geneva and Paris
+|publisher=Droz (published with the help of National Center for Scientific Research)
+|date=January 1982|edition=first
+|isbn=978-2-600-04531-5
+|url=http://www.droz.org/france/fr/399-9782600045315.html
+}}</ref> of the three [[bailiwick]]s of [[Beaucaire, Gard|Bèucaire]], [[Carcassonne|Carcassona]] and [[Toulouse|Tolosa]] <ref name="Ourliac (1967)" /><ref name="Guérout (1965)" /> conclude between them a perpetual union <ref name="Ourliac (1967)" /><ref name="Guérout (1965)"/> then <ref name="Gilles (1965)"/> require royal officers <ref name="Cazelles (1982)"/> to be summoned together<ref name="Ourliac (1967)"/><ref name="Guérout (1965)"/> and no longer separately, by senéchaussée. Towards the end of 14th century, this "country of the three seneschalties", to which the name of Languedoc was to be reserved, designates the two [[Bailliage and senechaussee|senechaussees]] of Bèucaire-Nimes and [[Carcassonne|Carcassona]] and the eastern part of that of [[Toulouse|Tolosa]] (Toulouse), preserved in the [[Treaty of Brétigny]]. The [[County of Foix]], which belongs to the seneschal of Carcassona until 1333 then that of Toulouse, ceases to belong to Languedoc.
+In 1542, the province is divided into two [[généralité]]s: that of Toulouse for Haut-Languedoc, and that of Montpellier for Bas-Languedoc. These last until 1789. On the other hand, from 17th century, there is only one intendance for the whole Languedoc, sitting in Montpellier.
+===== Haute-Guyenne =====
+[[File:Blason de l'Aquitaine et de la Guyenne.svg|thumb|right|200px|Coat of arms of the duchies of Aquitaine and Guyenne, taken again by the province of Guyenne, of mouth with the leopard of gold]]
+Historical countries of [[Grand Sud-Ouest français]], the [[Provinces of France|former provinces]] of [[Gascony]] (in [[Gascon language|Gascon]] ''Gasconha'' ({{IPA-oc|gasˈkuɲɔ / gasˈkuɲə}}) and [[Guyenne]] (in [[Occitan]] ''Guiana'' {{IPA-oc|giˈjanɔ}}) come from medieval [[duchy]]s of [[Duchy of Gascony|Vasconia]], [[Duchy of Aquitaine|Aquitaine]] then of [[Guyenne]]. Only the eastern regions of these two provinces are today part of the Occitania region: they correspond essentially to the territories that were acquired by the kings of [[England]], dukes of [[Guyenne]], to [[treaty of Brétigny]] of 1360, then which remained under the jurisdiction of the [[Parlement of Toulouse]] after the creation of the [[Parlement of Bordeaux]] in 1462. From that time, they are generally grouped under the name of [[Haute-Guyenne]], as opposed to [[Basse-Guyenne]] dependent on the Bordeaux court.
+The territories of the [[Provinces of France|former province]] of [[Guyenne]] (Guiana) included in the region actually correspond to [[Quercy]] (the current department of [[Lot (department)|Lot]] and the north of [[Tarn-et-Garonne|Tarn e Garona]]) and [[Rouergue|Roergue]] ([[Aveyron|Avairon]]). Possession of the [[Count of Toulouse|Counts of Toulouse]], from a branch junior or the main branch, from the 19th century, these two counties are thus part of the linguistic area of [[Occitan]] in its [[Languedocien dialect|Languedocien]] dialectal variant. Like the other possessions of the [[Count of Toulouse|Counts of Toulouse]], they are integrated for the first time with the [[Crown lands of France|French royal domain]] in 1271 then are yielded to the kings of England to the [[Treaty of Brétigny]] of 1360. The [[Quercy]] is definitely reunited with the Crown in 1472, the [[Rouergue|Roergue]], possession of the counts of Armagnac, before for its part to wait 1607. They are part of the [[Provinces of France|province]] of [[Guyenne]] (erected in gouvernement militaire in 1561), and constitute the généralité de Montauban from of 1635 (which becomes the province of [[Haute-Guyenne]] in 1779). Today, the term [[Guyenne]] no longer has any reality either administrative or political. Only the [[Haut-Agenais]], in search of an identity, tried to exploit the historic capital "Guiana" by promoting the "Pais de Guiana" in the [[Lot-et-Garonne]]an part of the valley of [[Dropt|Dròt]]. However, this meaning is now dethroned by "Pais del Dròt", a more tourist-oriented term. The appellations of [[Quercy]] and [[Roergue]] retain, on the other hand, a strong identity value.
+[[File:Blason province fr Gascogne.svg|thumb|right|200px|Coat of arms of the former province of [[Gascony|Gascogne]], quartered azure a lion of silver and gules a sheaf of wheat azure bound gold, was created for [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]]: it refers to the lion of [[County of Armagnac|counts of Armagnac]]]]
+[[Gascony]] is the [[Provinces of France|former province]] located on the territory of current [[Departments of France|departments]] of [[Gers]] ([[Armagnac (province)|Armanhac]] and [[Condomois]]), [[Hautes-Pyrénées]] ([[County of Bigorre|Bigorre]]), to which are added the [[Landes (department)|Lanas]] in the neighboring region and, in part, other departments of the two [[Regions of France|regions]] of [[Aquitaine|Aquitània]] and [[Midi-Pyrénées]] ([[Comminges|Comenge]], [[Nébouzan|Nebosan]] and [[Rivière-Verdun]] in the south and west of the [[Haute-Garonne]] essentially, [[Couserans]] in the western part of [[Ariège (department)|Ariège]]). Successively called [[Gallia Aquitania|Aquitania]], [[Novempopulania]], [[Vasconia]] (territory of the people of [[Vascones]]) and Gascony at 13th century, it is strong of geographical diversity of its natural territory, located between [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]], [[Garonne|Garona]] and [[Pyrenees]]. Claiming an [[Identity (social science)|cultural identity]] based on its evolving history of [[Aquitani]] peoples of [[Proto-Basque]] language to a people of [[Gascons]] sharing an [[Occitano-Romance languages|latinized dialect]] (an Occitan dialect) common, it constitutes the current [[Sprachbund|linguistic area]] of the [[Gascon language|Gascon]]. It is gradually part of the [[Crown lands of France|Royal French domain]], between the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century. Thus, the [[Comminges|Comenge]] is yielded to the kings of France to the extinction of the local dynasty in 1443, the [[Armagnac (province)|Armagnac]], the [[County of Bigorre|Bigorre]] and the [[Nébouzan|Nebosan]] with the [[county of Foix]] in 1607.
+=====County of Foix (Fois) =====
+The [[County of Foix]]<ref name = "Larousse">{{cite web
+ |language= fr
+ |title = county of Foix
+ | url = http://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/autre-region/Foix/119785
+ |work= Larousse Encyclopedia Online
+ | publisher = [[Éditions Larousse]]
+}}</ref> is an old [[France|French]] [[county]] created around 1050<ref name = "Larousse" /> from of [[County of Carcassonne]] for [[Bernard-Roger, Count of Bigorre|Bernard Roger]],<ref name = "Larousse" /> son of [[Roger I of Carcassonne|Roger I of Carcassonna]].<ref name="Larousse"/> In 1398, the county passes to House of [[Grailly]]<ref name = "Larousse" /> and, in 1458, the [[Kingdom of France|King]] [[Charles VII of France]] erects it in [[Peerage of France|peer]] in favor of the count [[Gaston IV, Count of Foix|Gaston IV]].<ref>{{cite book  | language = fr  | contributor-last = Guy Antonetti  | contribution = Les princes étrangers  | author = Jean-Pierre Bardet, Dominique Dinet, Jean-Pierre Poussou and Marie-Catherine Vignal  | title  = État et société en France aux XVIIe et XVIIIe s  | place = Paris  | publisher = Presses de l'université Paris-Sorbonne  | type = monograph  | date = 2000  | ISBN = 978-2-84050-151-0 }}.</ref>
+The county-peerage passes to the House of Albret in 1484<ref name = "Larousse" /> then to House of [[Bourbon-Vendôme]] in 1548.<ref name = "Larousse" /> In 1607, the king [[Henry IV of France|Henri IV]] unites the county to the [[Crown lands of France|Royal French domain]].<ref name = "Larousse" />
+Since the [[French Revolution]], the county is fully included in the department of [[Ariège (department)|Ariège]]. The Occitan dialect that is traditionally spoken there is the [[Languedocien dialect|Languedocien]].
+[[File:Escut de la Catalunya del Nord.svg|thumb|right|200px|The coat of arms of Roussillon refers to the ''[[Senyera|Flag of Catalonia]]'']]
+The territories of the [[Provinces of France|Province of Ancien Régime]] of [[Roussillon]], formerly integrated with the [[Principality of Catalonia|Catalan counties]], [[Kingdom of Majorca]] and the [[crown of Aragon]], were attached to the crown of France during the [[Treaty of the Pyrenees]] signed on 7 November 1659. Before this treaty, the border between the kingdoms of France and [[kingdom of Aragon|Aragon]] followed further north, the line of [[citadel]]s of vertigo (see [[Castles]] and [[Treaty of Corbeil (1258)|Treaty of Corbeil]]).
+They correspond to the [[Catalan counties|counties]] founded in the 9th century of [[County of Roussillon|Roussillon]] and [[County of Conflent|Conflent]] as well as to the northern part of that of [[County of Cerdanya|Cerdanya]], to which is added the former viscount of [[Vicounty of Castelnou|Vallespir]] (''pagus'' of [[County of Besalú]] united to that of [[County of Roussillon|Roussillon]] in 1209). Bringing together the [[viguerie]]s of [[County of Roussillon|Roussillon]],<ref>''France. Viguerie du Roussillon'' {{BNF | 12494240r}}.</ref> [[County of Conflent|Conflent]]<ref>''France. Viguerie de Conflent et Capcir'' {{BNF|12494275d}}.</ref> and the north of that of [[County of Cerdanya|Cerdanya]]<ref>''France. Viguerie de Cerdagne'' {{BNF|12494237v}}.</ref> which existed in the government of the counties of Roussillon and Cerdanya (''governació dels comtats of Rosselló i Cerdanya'' in [[Catalan language|Catalan]]<ref>{{cite web  | title = Rosselló i Cerdanya County|language=ca  |url= http://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0056963.xml  | publisher =  [[Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana]] online  }}.</ref>) of the [[Crown of Aragon]] at the time of their attachment to [[France]], the new province of Roussillon<ref>''Roussillon, Province of (France; 1659- 1790)'' {{BNF|153258873}}.</ref> or simply, in the absence of [[equivocation]], Roussillon,<ref>''Roussillon (Pyrénées-Orientales)'' {{BNF|11940604q}}.</ref> is a [[taxing country]] devoid of [[The Estates|provincial states]]<ref>{{ cite book  | language = fr  |author = Vincent Adoumié  | title = Les régions françaises  |place= Paris  | publisher = Hachette supérieur  | date = January 23, 2013|edition=2nd revised and expanded  | ISBN = 978-2-01-140018-5  |url = http://www.enseignants.hachette-education.com/post-bac_Classespreparatoires_Classespreparatoireslitteraires_Geographie/pages/catalogue/fiche-livre/les-regions-francaises-1401652.html }}</ref> (a provincial assembly, the provincial assembly of Roussillon,<ref>''France. Assemblée provinciale du Roussillon''{{BNF | 124999479}}.</ref> is only created on August 15, 1787<ref>{{ cite book  | language = en | title = Règlement fait par le Roi [en Conseil] sur la formation et la composition des assemblées qui auront lieu dans la province de Roussillon (Versailles, 15 août 1787)  | place = Paris  | publisher = Imprimerie royale  | date = 1787 }}.</ref>). It forms at the same time a government<ref>''France. Gouvernement de Roussillon'' {{BNF|11685874z}}.</ref> and an intendance,<ref name = "Bély (2015)">{{ cite book  | language = en  | author = Lucien Bély | title = Dictionnaire Louis XIV  | place = Paris  |publisher = Éditions Robert Laffont  | date = September 10, 2015|edition=first   | ISBN= 978-2-221-12482-6 | url = http://www.bouquins.tm.fr/site/dictionnaire_louis_xiv_&100&9782221124826.html }}.</ref> and as a border province, it reports to the [[Secretary of State for War (France)|Secretary of State for War]].<ref name = "Bely (2015)"/> It has a sovereign jurisdiction, independent of the [[Parlement of Toulouse]], the [[Conseil souverain de Roussillon|Roussillon Sovereign Council]].
+Currently, the name of [[Roussillon]] is still the most used to designate this territory, being found in the denomination of the former region [[Languedoc-Roussillon]].
+From now on, the territory is often subdivided into five traditional and natural [[Comarca|comarque]]s, unofficial: the [[Rosselló (comarca)|Rosselló]] (in its restrictive geographical acceptance), the [[Vallespir]], the [[Conflent]], the [[Cerdanya]] and the [[Capcir]]. Add the [[Fenouillèdes]], Occitan section of the department.
 ==See also==
+* [[Occitania]]
 * {{lang|fr|[[Languedoc-Roussillon]]}}
 * {{lang|fr|[[Midi-Pyrénées]]}}
 * [[Regions of France]]
-* [[Occitania]]
 ==References==

v t e Administrative regions of France
Current (since 2016)	Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Brittany Centre-Val de Loire (Centre Region until 2015) Corsica Grand Est Hauts-de-France Île-de-France Normandy Nouvelle-Aquitaine Occitania Pays de la Loire Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Former (1982–2015)	Alsace Aquitaine Auvergne Burgundy Champagne-Ardenne Franche-Comté Languedoc-Roussillon Limousin Lorraine Lower Normandy Midi-Pyrénées Nord-Pas-de-Calais Picardy Poitou-Charentes Rhône-Alpes Upper Normandy
Overseas regions	French Guiana Guadeloupe Martinique Mayotte Réunion
Related articles	Flags Ranked by area/population by GDP by HDI Regional councils