688

688 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	688; DCLXXXVIII
Ab urbe condita	1441
Armenian calendar	137; ԹՎ ՃԼԷ
Assyrian calendar	5438
Balinese saka calendar	609–610
Bengali calendar	95
Berber calendar	1638
Buddhist calendar	1232
Burmese calendar	50
Byzantine calendar	6196–6197
Chinese calendar	丁亥年 (Fire Pig); 3385 or 3178; — to —; 戊子年 (Earth Rat); 3386 or 3179
Coptic calendar	404–405
Discordian calendar	1854
Ethiopian calendar	680–681
Hebrew calendar	4448–4449
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	744–745
- Shaka Samvat	609–610
- Kali Yuga	3788–3789
Holocene calendar	10688
Iranian calendar	66–67
Islamic calendar	68–69
Japanese calendar	Shuchō 3; (朱鳥３年)
Javanese calendar	580–581
Julian calendar	688; DCLXXXVIII
Korean calendar	3021
Minguo calendar	1224 before ROC; 民前1224年
Nanakshahi calendar	−780
Seleucid era	999/1000 AG
Thai solar calendar	1230–1231
Tibetan calendar	阴火猪年; (female Fire-Pig); 814 or 433 or −339; — to —; 阳土鼠年; (male Earth-Rat); 815 or 434 or −338

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	6th century; 7th century ; 8th century;
Decades:	660s; 670s; 680s ; 690s; 700s;
Years:	685; 686; 687; 688 ; 689; 690; 691;

Year 688 (DCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 688 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

Byzantine–Bulgarian War: Emperor Justinian II carries out a Balkan campaign and marches through Thrace, where he restores Byzantine rule. He establishes a theme administration, and migrates many Bulgars and Slavs to the Opsician Theme (Asia Minor).^[1]
Justinian II reestablishes Byzantine settlement on Cyprus, signing a treaty (and paying an annual tribute) with Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik, for joint occupation of the island.

King Perctarit of the Lombards is assassinated by a conspiracy, after a 17-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Cunipert, who is crowned ruler of the Lombard Kingdom in Italy.
Alahis, duke of Brescia, starts a civil war in Northern Italy. He besieges Cunipert on an island in Lake Como (Lombardy), who breaks out with Piedmontese troops.

King Caedwalla of Wessex abdicates the throne and departs on a pilgrimage to Rome, possibly because of the wounds he suffered while fighting on the Isle of Wight.^[2] The power vacuum is filled by Ine, son of his second cousin, sub-king Coenred of Dorset.
King Æthelred of Mercia establishes Mercian dominance over most of Southern England. He installs Oswine, minor member of the Kentish royal family (second cousin of king Eadric), as king of Kent. Prince Swæfheard of Essex is given West Kent.

Eadberht is appointed bishop of Lindisfarne (Northumbria). He founds the holy shrine to his predecessor Cuthbert, a place that becomes a centre of great pilgrimage in later years.

^ John V.A. Fine, Jr (1991). "The Early Medieval Balkans": A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Chapter 2: "The Slavic Invasions": Justinian II's Balkan Campaign of 688/689, p. 71. ISBN 978-0-472-08149-3
^ Yorke, Barbara (1990), "Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England", London: Seaby, ISBN 1-85264-027-8