FV107 Scimitar

FV107 Scimitar
Scimitar performing a firepower demonstration on Salisbury Plain
Type	Reconnaissance vehicle
Place of origin	United Kingdom
Service history
Wars	Falklands War, Gulf War, Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq War, Afghanistan
Production history
Manufacturer	Alvis / BAE Systems Land & Armaments
Specifications
Mass	7.8 tonnes
Length	4.9 m
Width	2.2 m
Height	2.1 m
Crew	3
Armour	aluminium armour
Main armament	30 mm L21 RARDEN cannon A.P.D.S.(Armour Piercing Discarding Sabot). H.E.(High Explosive). D.S.R.R. (Discarding Sabot Reduced Range) (training) Prac. ( H.E. Practice ) (training)
Secondary armament	Coaxial 7.62 mm L37A1 MG
Engine	Cummins BTA 5.9 diesel 190 hp (142 kW)
Suspension	Torsion bar
Operational range	450 km
Maximum speed	50 mph (80.5 km/h)

The FV107 Scimitar is an armoured tracked military reconnaissance vehicle (sometimes classed as a light tank) used by the British Army. It was manufactured by Alvis in Coventry. It is very similar to the FV101 Scorpion, but mounts a high velocity 30 mm L21 RARDEN cannon instead of a 76 mm gun. It was issued to Royal Armoured Corps armoured regiments in the reconnaissance role. Each regiment originally had a close reconnaissance squadron of five troops, each containing eight FV107 Scimitars. Each Main Battle Tank Regiment also employed 8 Scimitars in the close reconnaissance role.

Development

The FV107 Scimitar is one of the CVR(T) series of vehicles. It entered service in 1971.

Initially, the engine was the Jaguar J60 4.2-litre 6-cylinder petrol engine, the same as used by several Jaguar cars. This has now been replaced by a Cummins BTA 5.9 diesel engine in British Army Scimitars, under the CVR(T) Life Extension Program (LEP).

The Scimitar lifespan was again extended in 2009, to accommodate the shift in timeframe of the Future Rapid Effect System program (which would have seen new armoured vehicles introduced to replace the aging vehicles). Modifications, air filtration units, gearbox upgrades, as well as hull alterations were carried out in late 2009. A CVR(T) Spartan and CVR(T) Scimitar hybrid was created in early 2010, and is expected to continue well beyond 2017.

Scimitar Mk II

Following a risk mitigation programme, in December 2010 a contract was awarded for the development, testing and management of an upgraded Scimitar. This was undertaken by the Vehicles Military & Technical Services team, BAE Systems Telford, which co-ordinated the build of 50 vehicles at the nearby DSG (Defence Support Group), Donnington, to be completed in early 2012. The Scimitar Mark 2 combat vehicle is one of five enhanced CVR(T) types.

The Scimitar Mk II was:

• Rehulled to give better mine-blast protection for troops
• Improved armour fitted to enhance resistance to blasts and ballistic threats
• Provide mine-protected (suspended and piston-mounted) seating in every crew position
• Improve available space and improve crew conditions
• Mitigate repairs while reducing maintenance and life-cycle costs, and extend in-service life.

The resulting vehicles have since been re-engined with a Cummins BTA 5.9 litre diesel engine and David Brown TN15E+ automatic gearbox. In addition to providing power for an air conditioning system, the new more fuel-efficient engine extends the vehicle's operational range, while the re-designed internal layout allows better-protected fuel tanks to be repositioned for reduced vulnerability to blast and ballistic threats.

The new engine and transmission package promised straightforward servicing and support for the Mk II during its in-service life, refurbished dampers simultaneously improving crew comfort - and hence reducing fatigue - while extending the life of vehicle components and maintaining the tactical mobility of the original vehicle despite an increase to an operation weight of c12,000 kg.

BAE Systems have proposed improved road wheels, new conventional metal tracks with guaranteed mileage (which could reduce the vehicle's running costs) and continuous 'rubber' band tracks, which significantly decrease both vibration and noise, allowing crew to operate more effectively and for longer, even in the harshest environments, while reducing the vehicle's acoustic signature.

Additional specifications

• Ground clearance: 0.35 m
• Main armament: 30 mm L21 RARDEN cannon. (Fires at up to 90 rounds per minute)
• Ammunition types:
  • High Explosive Incendiary (HEI)
  • High Explosive (HE)
  • Armour Piercing (AP)
  • APSE (Armour Piercing Secondary Effects)
  • Armour Piercing Discarding Sabot-Tracer (APDS-T)
• Additional defence: 2 × 4-barrel smoke launchers.
• Ammunition stores:
  • 30 mm – 165 rounds
  • 7.62 mm – 2,000 rounds
  • As with all UK armoured vehicles, Scimitar is equipped with a forced air system, so the crew can lock down in a CBRN environment. For this reason, the vehicle is equipped with a boiling vessel (or "BV"), to cook and make hot drinks.

Operators

Map of FV107 operators in blue with former operators in red

Current operators

FV107 Scimitar in desert camouflage

• United Kingdom – 325 units

The Scimitar is used by the three formation reconnaissance regiments of the British Army.

After the Strategic Defence and Security Review in 2010, some regiments are seeing their Challenger 2 tanks replaced with CVR(T) Scimitars.

As of March 2020, the out-of-service date of the Scimitar is expected to be 2023.

• Latvia -123 units

In September 2014, Latvia signed a contract with Great Britain for the purchase of 123 armored combat vehicles as part of the Latvian National Armed Forces infantry brigade mechanization program.

Former operators

• Belgium – 141 units, withdrawn from active service in 2004.

Combat use

Two troops from B Squadron, Blues and Royals served in the Falklands War. Both troops were equipped with four Scorpions each. These CVR(T)s were the only armoured vehicles used in action by the British Army during the conflict. At least one Scimitar was seriously damaged by an Argentinian landmine, but the crew were unscathed, and the vehicle was salvaged by a Chinook HC.1 helicopter and soon brought back into service by the attached REME section. Scorpion and Scimitar also provided air defence support with machine guns and 30 mm guns; on 23 May 1982, a Scimitar claimed a 30 mm hit on a Skyhawk at 1,000 m.

First Gulf War, 1st The Queen's Dragoon Guards , with attached reinforcements, fought as a regiment during this war and was equipped with Scimitar. A troop of Scimitars engaged and knocked out Iraqi T-62s, penetrating their frontal armour with sabot rounds. One Scimitar was engaged and hit by an Iraqi T-55 and the penetrating round passed through the thin aluminium armour without injuring the crew.

Scimitars of C Squadron were used in the Battle of Al Faw in the opening days of the 2003 Invasion of Iraq. Plans for an amphibious landing by Scimitars were abandoned due to extensive mining of the beaches; instead, they crossed into Iraq by land.

In Afghanistan, during Operation Herrick, Scimitars were deployed either in standard troop organisations or as part of Jackal composite troops, in which role they provided additional firepower to complement the Jackal's high mobility.

See also

• CVR(T) (Combat Vehicle Reconnaissance – Tracked) family of vehicles.
• M3 Bradley Cavalry Fighting Vehicle - similar role

Further reading

• ArmyRecognition Scimitar pictures
• FV107 Scimitar
• Scimitar MkII
• DESider Magazine (Defence Equipment and Support) MOD Issue 41 October 2011