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Muret

Coordinates: 43°27′40″N 1°19′36″E / 43.4611°N 1.3267°E / 43.4611; 1.3267
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Muret
Murèth (Occitan)
Subprefecture and commune
The centre of Muret with Saint Jacques Church and its octagonal medieval tower
The centre of Muret with Saint Jacques Church and its octagonal medieval tower
Coat of arms of Muret
Coat of arms
Location of Muret
Map
Muret is located in France
Muret
Muret
Muret is located in Occitanie
Muret
Muret
Coordinates: 43°27′40″N 1°19′36″E / 43.4611°N 1.3267°E / 43.4611; 1.3267
CountryFrance
RegionOccitania
DepartmentHaute-Garonne
ArrondissementMuret
CantonMuret
IntercommunalityMuretain
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) André Mandement
Area
1
57.84 km2 (22.33 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[1]
25,060
 • Density430/km2 (1,100/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
31395 /31600
Elevation152–305 m (499–1,001 ft)
(avg. 169 m or 554 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Muret (French pronunciation: [my.ʁɛ]; in Gascon Occitan Murèth) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department, of which it is a subprefecture, in the Occitanie region of southwestern France. Its inhabitants are called Muretains.

It is an outer suburb of the city of Toulouse, even though it does not belong to Toulouse Métropole, which it has declined to join. It lies southwest of Toulouse and is the largest component of the intercommunality of Muretain.

Muret is generally known for the Battle of Muret (1213) and as the birthplace of Clément Ader (1841-1925), inventor and aviation pioneer. It is also the birthplace of the Niel family [fr] from which Adolphe Niel, Marshal of France and Minister of War, was derived.

Geography

A floral town (two flowers) located in the urban area of Toulouse [fr] and the Toulouse urban unit [fr], 22 kilometres (14 mi) south of Toulouse. It is equidistant from the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, on the Garonne Toulouse plain [fr].

Localities and hamlets

Ox [fr], Estantens, Cupidou.

Communal borders

Geology and relief

The commune is established on the first terrace of the Garonne [fr] on its left bank. Its right bank is overhung by a steep slope which deeply cut the molasse of the Tertiary era. It has an area of 5,784 hectares (14,290 acres) and an altitude ranging from 152 to 305 metres (499 to 1,001 ft).[2]

Transport

Main article: Road network of the Haute-Garonne [fr]

Hydrography

Muret is located on the Garonne river at its confluence with the Louge, which flows northeast through the commune. The Garonne flows north through the commune and forms part of its northern border. The Ousseau [fr] tributary of the Touch is also in the commune, and the Canal de Saint-Martory [fr].

Climate

Muret has an oceanic temperate climate, with Mediterranean and continental influences, characterised by a hot, dry summer, mild winter and a spring marked by heavy rains and severe thunderstorms. The prevailing winds are, in order of importance, the west wind (usually bringing moisture from the Atlantic Ocean), the southeast wind (also called the Vent d'autan [fr], a rather hot, dry wind) and the north, which is much less frequent and generally a cold and dry wind (bringing air from cold anticyclonic masses in Northern Europe).[3]

Comparative table of climatic data
Location Sunshine Rain Snow Storm Fog
Nice 2694 hrs/yr 767 millimetres (30.2 in)/yr 1 day/yr 31 days/yr 1 day/yr
Toulouse 2047 hrs/yr 655 millimetres (25.8 in)/yr 7 days/yr 26 days/yr 44 days/yr
Paris 1797 hrs/yr 642 millimetres (25.3 in)/yr 15 days/yr 19 days/yr 13 days/yr
Strasbourg 1637 hrs/yr 610 millimetres (24 in)/yr 30 days/yr 29 days/yr 65 days/yr
National Average 1973 hrs/yr 770 millimetres (30 in)/yr 14 days/yr 22 days/yr 40 days/yr

Muret has averaged 24 days of extreme heat and 33 days of frost per year. The rainiest months are April, May and June. The normal minimum temperatures occur in January with average 5 °C (41 °F), and the maximum normal temperatures in August with 23 °C (73 °F).

Temperatures recorded in Toulouse
Month J F M A M J J A S O N D Year
Temperatures (Under shade, normal 1961-1990) °C 5.4 6.8 8.7 11.3 14.8 18.4 21.3 20.8 18.5 14.4 8.9 5.9 12.9
Precipitation (average depth in mm, 1961-1990) 55.1 55.2 57.5 64.4 73.1 57.8 41 47.4 47.7 51.5 48.8 55.9 655.7
Source: Météo France

History

Prehistory and antiquity

Various discoveries by local archaeologists has led to the thinking that the territory of Muret was populated as early as the Neolithic period: A hut foundation dating from 4000 BC has been unearthed to the north of the town. Different objects in the Chalcolithic, around 3,000 to 2,500 BC; then the Bronze Age from 1,700 BC indicate the permanence of the population here. A series of Gallo-Roman brick kilns dating back to the 1st century AD is located along the right bank of the Garonne. A villa occupied the site of the current town centre; surrounded by protective walls it was given the name of Murellum, which became Murel, and then Muret in the Middle Ages.

Middle Ages

Main article: Battle of Muret

On 12 September 1213 the Battle of Muret took place between Simon de Montfort and a coalition force under the control of Count Raymond of Toulouse, and King Peter II of Aragon. Muret entered history. That day, the battle changed the horizons of both sides of the Pyrenean border and saw the fate of Occitania decided. In an era where feudal entities (including the Count of Toulouse and his allies) still believed that they were able to play a role in the control of the southern areas on both slopes of the Pyrenees, the lords of the north of France, who spearheaded the Albigensian Crusade, attempted to impose themselves upon the south and eliminate Catharism.

De Montfort had been fighting Albigensian heretics during the Albigensian Crusade, when he was besieged by the vastly superior coalition army. Refusing to surrender or be starved into submission, de Montfort went on the offensive. Leading his knights out of the town, he proceeded to position them in a wide arc, then fell upon the Toulouse cavalry with a noise like a whole forest going down under the axe. Next to fall before the Crusader army was the Aragonian cavalry, where King Peter himself fell to the sword. After this, all that was left was to scatter the remaining cavalry defending the coalition camp before turning on the infantry that had been besieging Muret's walls. Despite their overwhelming advantage in numbers,the coalition army numbering almost 34,000 men was destroyed by de Montfort's army of only 2,100. The siege of Muret was lifted.

7,000-20,000 coalition troops were killed compared to a handful of casualties for de Monfort's army.

So it was at Muret, on 12 September 1213, where King Peter II of Aragon who came to reinforce the local Occitan forces, lost his life. This defeat of the Occitano-Aragonese troops heralded the annexation of the Languedoc to the Crown of France and the end of Catharism.

World War II

Main article: Maquis de Rieumes

Heraldry

Arms of Muret
Arms of Muret
 The arms of Muret are blazoned :
"Quartered: On the first and fourth of argent to two crenellated fesses azure, the second and third gules to the four otelles of argent backed and posed in saltire", which is of Comminges.



Politics and administration

The modern town hall of Muret
Main article: [[:2014 municipal elections in Haute-Garonne [fr]]]

The commune is part of the Sixth district of the Haute-Garonne [fr].

List of mayors

List of mayors of Muret
Start End Name Party Other details
1925 1947 Vincent Auriol SFIO Deputy, President of France from 1947 to 1954
1947 1953 Henri Peyrusse SFIO
1953 1989 Jacques Douzans [fr] DVD Deputy
1989 1995 Hélène Mignon PS Deputy
1995 2008 Alain Barrès [fr] UMP Former deputy, president of the CAM [fr]
2008 In progress André Mandement PS President of the CAM [fr]

Judicial and administrative proceedings

The capable courts for the commune of Muret are the Court of Muret, the High Court [fr] of Toulouse, the Court of Appeal, the Cour d'appel de Toulouse [fr], Toulouse juvenile court, the Industrial Tribunal of Toulouse, the Commercial Court [fr] of Toulouse, the Administrative Court [fr] of Toulouse and the Administrative Court of Appeal [fr] of Bordeaux.[4]

International relations

Muret is twinned with:

Demography

In 2017, the commune had 24,945 inhabitants.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
17933,000—    
18003,258+1.19%
18063,284+0.13%
18213,286+0.00%
18313,787+1.43%
18363,972+0.96%
18414,000+0.14%
18464,308+1.49%
18514,196−0.53%
18564,125−0.34%
18614,130+0.02%
18664,050−0.39%
YearPop.±% p.a.
18723,852−0.83%
18763,956+0.67%
18814,056+0.50%
18864,145+0.44%
18914,142−0.01%
18964,064−0.38%
19013,911−0.76%
19063,712−1.04%
19113,654−0.31%
19213,218−1.26%
19263,482+1.59%
19313,725+1.36%
YearPop.±% p.a.
19364,013+1.50%
19464,368+0.85%
19545,204+2.21%
19626,693+3.20%
196813,039+11.76%
197514,778+1.80%
198215,844+1.00%
199018,134+1.70%
199920,735+1.50%
200723,572+1.62%
201224,492+0.77%
201724,945+0.37%
From 1962 to 1999: Population without double counting; for the years following: municipal population.
Source: Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1999[5] then INSEE[6]

Economy

Muret is a true centrality in the area of life and activity of the Muretain, near Toulouse. Its stable economic fabric is composed primarily of small and medium-sized enterprises and industries, covering many sectors of activities. The economic development jurisdiction is exercised by the Agglomération Community of Muretain, which develops and consolidates the local economic fabric, and helps the creation of enterprises for the benefit of employment.

Muret has important reserves mainly located on the areas of activities of the territory.

Muret Gateway: 20 hectares (49 acres) located north of the town, at the junction of the A64 exit.

  • Cap Clément Ader / Les Bonnets: Adjacent to the Muret-Lherm airport, with in its centre, the international karting.
  • Joffrery: 97 hectares (240 acres) at the northern entrance of Muret.
  • Marclan: 35 hectares (86 acres) north of the town.
  • Sans Soucis: 16 hectares (40 acres) at the northern boundary of the town.

Industry

Services

Infrastructure

Personalities linked to the commune

Monuments and tourist sights

Historic monuments

  • The Church of Santiago de Muret, main monument of the town: It was built in the 12th century through the Counts of Comminges who made wall their principal residence. It is redesigned and enlarged in the 14th and 15th centuries. Particularly noteworthy is its octagonal steeple of Toulouse type. It is classified as early as 1928. In 1538 - 1548, a large vaulted choir was added at the end of the panelled Gothic nave. Its decor is restored after the depredations of the Revolution, under the first Empire, in a neo-classical style and side chapels were built.
  • House of 1823, 30 Rue Clément-Ader
  • Clément Ader Park
  • The Château de Cadeilhac
  • The Château de Rudelle is a 16th and 17th century castle. Privately owned, it is inscribed on the list of historic monuments, listed as an historic site by the French Ministry of Culture.Base Mérimée: Château de Rudelle, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)</ref>[8]

The list of historic monuments of Haute-Garonne [fr], organised by commune.

  • The Church of Saint-Jacques: Nave and choir
    The Church of Saint-Jacques: Nave and choir
  • The Church of Saint-Jacques: Organ
    The Church of Saint-Jacques: Organ
  • The Church of Saint-Jacques: Chapel of Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes
    The Church of Saint-Jacques: Chapel of Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes

Other monuments and sites

  • The south side of the Chapel of Saint-Amans of Estantens
    The south side of the Chapel of Saint-Amans of Estantens

Local life

Public service

Muret has a subprefecture, departmental fire and rescue service [fr], a gendarmerie, a post office, tax office, a retirement home, a DDE [fr] centre assigned to the A64 autoroute and a tourist office.

Health

The commune has a hospital[9] (geriatrics, disabled), a versatile clinic with (MRI and medical radiology), a communal social action centre [fr], a retirement home, a day hospital, laboratories for medical analyses, ambulance services, nurses, midwives, general practitioners, rehabilitation professionals, pedicurists-podiatrists and dentists.

Education

Education is provided at the commune of Muret's creche, passing through nursery school [fr], elementary school [fr] and collège until the lycée high school and technical school [fr] all being complemented by the municipal library and outdoor centre. The city is also home to a branch of the National School of civil aviation.

Culture

Muret has multiple cultural facilities, including:

  • François Mitterrand Media Library[10]
  • Clément-Ader Museum[11]
  • Cinema[12]
  • The Nicolas-Daylarac municipal school of art teaching[13]

Sports

Muret offers more than 100 sport and leisure events per year. Its facilities are many and varied: Gymnasiums, tennis courts, recreation area with a fitness trail, two landscaped lakes, international karting, an aerodrome, a canoeing facility, three bowling facilities, a skate park, two shooting ranges, a velodrome, a riding club and the Aqualudia, the Muretain swimming centre with its six indoor and outdoor pools.

Muret has more than 50 sporting associations, including:[14]

Muret will also host the departure for Stage 13 of cycling's 2015 Tour de France on 17 July, with a 198.5 kilometres (123.3 mi) route to Rodez.

Worship

Catholic

The town is part of the pastoral sector of Muret, which includes the parishes of Saint-Jacques, Saint-Jean, and the parishes of the villages: Estantens, Ox [fr], Le Fauga, Eaunes and Saint-Hilaire. Father Joseph Coltro is the senior priest of this pastoral area.[15]

Protestant

The cultural association of the Evangelical Church in Muret[16] occupies premises located at 12 Chemin de la Pyramide, inaugurated in November 2012[17] after a year of work.[18] The pastor is Bernard Gisquet.[19]

Muslim

The Association of Franco-Muslim culture and worship of Muret (AFMCCM)[20] acquired the premises of a former locksmith,[21] Rue Marclan, in an industrial area north of Muret, in 2000, for the founding of the mosque of Muret.

Ecology and recycling

Collection and treatment of household waste and assimilated waste as well as protection and the development of the environment are part of the agglomeration community of the Muretain [fr].[22]

There is a recycling centre in the commune.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  2. ^ "Répertoire géographique des communes". Archived from the original on 2015-01-08. Retrieved 2015-05-14., published by the Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière
  3. ^ "CAPITOUL, Météorologie de Toulouse". Météo France.
  4. ^ "Liste des juridictions compétentes pour une commune". le site du ministère de la Justice et des libertés.
  5. ^ "Muret" [Muret] (in French). Retrieved 15 May 2015.
  6. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  7. ^ a b c "Chronologie de l'affaire Bertrand Cantat". Nouvel Observateur. Archived from the original on 2009-10-02.
  8. ^ "Patrimoine et architecture - Chiffres clés 2010" (PDF). Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication.
  9. ^ "Centre Hospitalier de Muret".
  10. ^ "Médiathèque François Mitterrand". Archived from the original on 2014-11-09. Retrieved 2015-05-15.
  11. ^ "Musée Clément Ader". Archived from the original on 2015-04-28. Retrieved 2015-05-15.
  12. ^ "Cinéma".
  13. ^ "L'école municipale d'enseignement artistique Nicolas-Daylarac".
  14. ^ "plus de 50 associations sportives".
  15. ^ "Secteur pastoral de Muret sur le site officiel du diocèse de Toulouse". Archived from the original on 2010-12-18.
  16. ^ "Site officiel de l'association". Archived from the original on 2017-09-15. Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  17. ^ "Muret. "Happy day" au temple protestant".
  18. ^ "Muret. Un temple de culte chemin de la Pyramide".
  19. ^ "MEMBRES DU POLE".
  20. ^ "AFMCCM".
  21. ^ "La mosquée de Muret, de la serrurerie à la maison de Dieu".
  22. ^ "Les déchetteries".
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