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Tropical cyclones in 2014
Year summary map
Year boundaries
First systemIan
FormedJanuary 2, 2014
Last systemJangmi
DissipatedJanuary 1, 2015
Strongest system
NameVongfong
Lowest pressure900 mbar (hPa); 26.58 inHg
Longest lasting system
NameGillian
Duration21 days
Year statistics
Total systems117
Named systems79
Total fatalities870 total
Total damage$19.68 billion (2014 USD)
Related articles
Other years
2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016
A train of four storms in the northern Pacific on August 6; shown from left to right are Typhoon Halong, Hurricane Genevieve, Hurricane Iselle, and Hurricane Julio

During 2014, tropical cyclones formed within seven different tropical cyclone basins, located within various parts of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. During the year, a total of 117 tropical cyclones had formed this year to date. 79 tropical cyclones had been named by either a Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) or a Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (TCWC). The most active basin in 2014 was the Western Pacific, which documented 23 named systems, while the Eastern Pacific, despite only amounting to 22 named systems, was its basin's most active since 1992. Conversely, both the North Atlantic hurricane and North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons experienced the fewest cyclones reaching tropical storm intensity in recorded history, numbering 9 and 3, respectively. Activity across the southern hemisphere's three basins—South-West Indian, Australian, and South Pacific—was spread evenly, with each region recording seven named storms apiece.

The strongest of these tropical cyclones was Typhoon Vongfong, which strengthened to a minimum barometric pressure of 900 mbar (hPa; 26.58 inHg) before striking the east coast of Japan. The costliest and deadliest tropical cyclone in 2014 was Typhoon Rammasun, which struck China in July, causing US$8.08 billion in damage. Rammasun killed 222 people; 106 in Philippines, 88 in China and 28 in Vietnam.

Global atmospheric and hydrological conditions

See also: 2014–16 El Niño event

During January 2014, after surveying various climate models, the World Meteorological Organization warned that there was an enhanced possibility of a weak El Niño event happening during 2014.[1] Over the next few months the climate of the Pacific Ocean started to exhibit features that suggested the impending onset of an El Niño event.[2] Over the ocean, these features included: a rapid fall of the sea level in western Micronesia, as well as a large area of enhanced sea surface temperatures that were present at low latitudes near the International Date Line.[3] In the atmosphere these features included persistent westerly winds at equatorial latitudes, which were displaced eastwards towards the Marshall Islands.[3] A large area of atmospheric convection was present at a low latitude near the International Dateline, in association with the development of an unusual amount of early season tropical cyclones near the Marshall Islands.[3] As a result of some of these conditions, an El Niño Watch was issued by the United States Climate Prediction Center (NOAA's CPC) and the International Research Institute for Climate and Society within their March 2014 diagnostic discussion.[nb 1][5][6]

Over the next few months, the atmosphere failed to respond in order to reinforce the developing El Niño, with the monsoon trough remaining weak and tropical cyclone activity slowing, while no episodes of strong westerly winds at a low latitude occurred.[2] Some of the oceanic indicators of El Niño also failed to develop further, with a cooling of sea and sub surface temperatures over the tropical Pacific occurring.[2][7] However, by the end of 2014, several of the El Niño indexes that were used to judge the state of the ENSO state, indicated that weak El Nino conditions had developed over the Pacific Ocean.[8] As a result, a few of the international meteorological agencies, including the Japan Meteorological Agency and the Hong Kong Observatory reported that an El Niño event had developed during 2014, while others such as the Fiji Meteorological Service considered 2014 to be a near miss.[7][8][9] At this time it was thought that the ENSO state would continue to hover at the borderline El Nino conditions, before easing back into neutral ENSO conditions.[10]

Summary

Tropical Storm Jangmi (2014)Typhoon Hagupit (2014)Cyclone QendresaTyphoon Nuri (2014)Cyclone NilofarTropical Storm Trudy (2014)Hurricane Ana (2014)Hurricane GonzaloHurricane FayCyclone HudhudTyphoon Vongfong (2014)Typhoon Phanfone (2014)Tropical Storm Fung-wong (2014)Typhoon Kalmaegi (2014)Hurricane OdileHurricane Norbert (2014)Tropical Storm Dolly (2014)Hurricane CristobalHurricane Marie (2014)Hurricane Bertha (2014)Hurricane Iselle (2014)Tropical Storm Nakri (2014)Typhoon Halong (2014)Hurricane Genevieve (2014)Typhoon Matmo (2014)Typhoon RammasunTyphoon Neoguri (2014)Hurricane ArthurTropical Storm Hagibis (2014)Tropical Storm Boris (2014)Hurricane AmandaCyclone ItaCyclone HellenCyclone LusiCyclone GillianTropical Low FletcherTropical Storm Lingling (2014)Cyclone IanCyclone BejisaCyclone Christinetropical cyclone basins

Systems

A total of 114 systems formed globally in 2014 with 71 of them causing significant damage, deaths, and/or setting records for their basin.

January

Cyclone Colin

The month of January was very active with 18 systems, starting with Ian bringing damages in Fiji and Tonga. Adding on, Lingling was the first disturbance in the West Pacific, affecting Philippines. Colin became the strongest tropical cyclone in the month of January this 2014, but it stayed well from land. 14 more disturbances formed on different basins, 6 are named by their respective meteorological agencies.

Tropical cyclones formed in January 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Ian January 2–15 205 (125) 930 Fiji, Tonga $48 million 1 [11][12]
BOB 01 January 4–7 40 (25) 1004 India, Sri Lanka None None [13]
05 January 7–10 55 (35) 997 Madagascar None None [14][15]
Colin January 9–14 205 (125) 915 None None None
Lingling (Agaton) January 10–20 65 (40) 1002 Philippines $12.6 million 70 [16]
05U January 10–23 Northern Territory, Western Australia None None
June January 13–19 75 (45) 990 Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, New Zealand Minor 1 [17]
Deliwe January 14–22 85 (50) 990 Madagascar, Mozambique Unknown 2 [18]
08 January 16–20 35 (25) 1004 Madagascar None None
09F January 21–24 Not Specified 1004 Cook Islands, Niue, Tonga None None
10F January 22–24 Not Specified 1004 Solomon Islands, Vanuatu None None
09 January 24–31 45 (30) 1002 Mozambique None None
Dylan January 24–31 110 (70) 974 Queensland Minor None
Kajiki (Basyang) January 29–February 1 65 (40) 1000 Philippines $202 thousand 6 [19]
11F January 29 Not Specified 1000 Fiji None None
Fletcher January 30–February 12 65 (40) 992 Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland None None
Edna January 31–February 6 95 (60) 985 New Caledonia, New Zealand, Queensland None None
09U January 31–February 13 100 (65) 982 Western Australia, Northern Territory None None

February

Typhoon Faxai

In the month of February, 11 systems formed, of which 6 were named. Typhoon Faxai became the strongest tropical cyclone of the month, affecting the Caroline Islands and the Mariana Islands. Edilson brought considerable damages and heavy rainfall to Mauritius and Réunion, and Guito did the same to Mozambique and Madagascar.

Tropical cyclones formed in February 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Edilson February 3–7 105 (65) 978 Mauritius, Réunion None None
Fobane February 5–16 110 (70) 975 None None None
11U February 7–10 Not Specified 994 Northern Territory None None
13F February 16–19 Not Specified 1003 Vanuatu, Fiji None None
Guito February 17–21 110 (70) 980 Mozambique, Madagascar None None
14F February 23–26 Not Specified 1002 Vanuatu, Fiji None None
Kofi February 24–March 4 100 (65) 980 Fiji, Tonga None None
13 February 25–March 1 75 (45) 993 None None None
Hadi February 26–March 20 75 (45) 992 Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Queensland None None
Faxai February 27–March 5 120 (75) 975 Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands Minimal 1
12U February 28–March 2 Not Specified Not Specified None None None

March

Cyclone Hellen

In the month of March, 8 systems formed, of which 5 were named. Cyclone Hellen was one of the most powerful tropical cyclones in the Mozambique Channel on record, as well as the most intense of the 2013–14 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season: however, it made landfall on Madagascar with winds of 110 km/h (70 mph). In the Australian basin, Cyclone Gillian was the second most powerful cyclone of the 2013–14 Australian region cyclone season and the strongest in the basin in the last four years. 17F, Lusi, Mike, and 21F formed in the South Pacific basin while Caloy formed in the West Pacific basin near the Philippines.

Tropical cyclones formed in March 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Gillian March 6–27 220 (140) 927 Queensland, Northern Territory, East Timor, Indonesia, Christmas Island Minimal None
17F March 6–8 Not Specified 1005 Vanuatu None None
Lusi March 7–14 150 (90) 960 Vanuatu, Fiji, New Zealand $3 million 10
TD March 11–12 Not specified 1008 Sulawesi None None
Mike March 12–20 65 (40) 990 Cook Islands Minimal None
21F March 17–19 45 (30) 998 Cook Islands None None
Caloy March 17–24 Not specified 1004 Philippines None None
Hellen March 26–April 5 230 (145) 915 Mozambique, Comoro Islands, Madagascar Unknown 8

April

Cyclone Ita

In the month of April, 7 systems formed, the second-least active month of this year; however, 5 storms were named. Severe Tropical Cyclone Ita was the strongest tropical cyclone in the Australian region by minimum central pressure since George in 2007, and since Monica in 2006 by wind speed. In the Australian basin, including Ita, 2 more systems formed: Jack and a weak 17U. Ivanoe formed in the South-West Indian Ocean basin, while Peipah (Domeng), a weak tropical depression, and Tapah existed in the West Pacific basin.

Tropical cyclones formed in April 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Ita April 1–14 220 (140) 922 Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, Queensland, New Zealand $1.15 billion 22
Peipah (Domeng) April 2–15 65 (40) 998 Caroline Islands None None
Ivanoe April 3–6 85 (50) 987 None None None
Jack April 15–22 140 (85) 966 Cocos Islands None None
TD April 19–21 Not specified 1004 Caroline Islands, Philippines None None
17U April 21–26 Not Specified 1006 None None None
Tapah April 27–May 2 95 (60) 985 None None None

May

Hurricane Amanda

May was an extremely inactive month worldwide despite of the current El Niño event, with two tropical cyclones forming. One of them is BOB 02, which is a depression that brought relief to Odisha, which had been suffering from a heat wave that claimed 22 lives. Coastal areas previously reporting temperatures near 40 °C (104 °F) fell below 30 °C (86 °F) during the system's passage.[20] The other is Amanda, which is the strongest Eastern Pacific tropical cyclone ever recorded in the month of May,[21] and it is also the strongest cyclone of the month with a wind speed of 135 knots (155 mph) and a pressure of 932 hectopascals (27.5 inHg).

Tropical cyclones formed in May 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
BOB 02 May 21–23 45 (30) 1000 India, Myanmar Minimal None
Amanda May 22–29 250 (155) 932 Southwestern Mexico, Western Mexico Minimal 3

June

Hurricane Cristina
Tropical cyclones formed in June 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Boris June 2–4 75 (45) 998 Southwestern Mexico, Guatemala $54.1 million 6
Cristina June 9–15 240 (150) 935 Southwestern Mexico, Western Mexico Minimal None
Mitag (Ester) June 9–12 75 (45) 994 Philippines, Taiwan, Japan None None
Nanauk June 10–14 85 (50) 986 Pakistan, Oman None None
Hagibis June 13–17 75 (45) 996 Philippines, China, Taiwan, Japan $198 million None
Douglas June 28–July 5 85 (50) 999 None None None
Elida June 30–July 2 85 (50) 1002 Western Mexico None None

July

Hurricane Genevieve
Tropical cyclones formed in July 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Arthur July 1–5 155 (100) 973 The Bahamas, East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Canada ≥ $39.5 million 2
Neoguri July 2–11 185 (115) 930 Caroline Islands, Guam, Japan $632 million 3
Fausto July 7–9 75 (45) 1004 None None None
Rammasun (Glenda) July 9–20 165 (105) 935 Caroline Islands, Guam, Philippines, China, Vietnam $8.03 billion 222
Matmo
Wali
TD
Two
LAND 01
Genevieve
Hernan
Halong
Nakri
Iselle

August

Hurricane Marie
Tropical cyclones formed in August 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Bertha
Julio
LAND 02
Karina
Lowell
Julio
Marie
Cristobal
TD
TD

September

Hurricane Odile
Tropical cyclones formed in September 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Dolly September 1–3 85 (50) 1000 Mexico (Tamaulipas), Texas
Norbert September 2–7 205 (125) 950 Western Mexico, Baja California Peninsula, Southwestern United States $28.3 million 5
TD
Fengshen
14W (Karding)
Odile
Edouard
Sixteen-E
Kalmaegi (Luis)
Polo
Fung-wong (Mario)
Kammuri
Rachel
Phanfone (Neneng)

October

Typhoon Vongfong
Tropical cyclones formed in October 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Simon
Vongfong (Ompong)
Hudhud
Fay
Gonzalo
Ana
Trudy
Hanna
Nilofar
Vance
Nuri (Paeng)

November

Typhoon Hagupit

A total of 7 storms formed within the month of November, of which 4 were named. Typhoon Hagupit was the strongest storm of the month and the second-most intense storm of the year, impacting the Philippines a few weeks after Sinlaku affected the Philippines as a tropical depression. Cyclone Qendresa was a rare system that caused damages and 3 deaths in Italy.

Tropical cyclones formed in November 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
BOB 04 November 5–8 55 (35) 1000 None None None
Qendresa November 5–11 110 (70) 978 Libya, Tunisia, Italy, Malta, Greece $250 million 3 [22]
Adjali November 15–21 110 (70) 987 None None None
01F November 21–26 Not specified 1003 Tokelau, Tuvalu, Wallis and Futuna, Samoan Islands Minimal None
02 November 24–30 55 (35) 997 Diego Garcia, Mauritius, Rodrigues None None
Sinlaku (Queenie) November 26–30 85 (50) 990 Palau, Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia $4.26 million 4
Hagupit (Ruby) November 30–December 12 215 (130) 905 Caroline Islands, Palau, Philippines, Vietnam $114 million 18

December

Cyclone Kate
Tropical cyclones formed in December 2014
Storm name Dates active Max wind
km/h (mph) 		Pressure
(hPa) 		Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
01U December 3–4 55 (35) 1000 None None None
Bakung December 10–13 95 (60) 991 Indonesia None None
03U December 13–15 Not specified Not specified None None None
02F December 16–17 Not specified 1007 None None None
03F December 20–26 55 (35) 998 Cook Islands None None
04F December 21–24 Not specified 1000 French Polynesia None None
Kate December 21–31 165 (105) 950 Cocos Islands Minimal None
05F December 23–29 Not specified 1000 Samoan Islands None None
Jangmi (Seniang) December 28–January 1 75 (45) 996 Philippines, Borneo $28.4 million 66

Global effects

Season name Areas affected Systems formed Named storms Damage (USD) Deaths
2014 Atlantic hurricane season Yucatán Peninsula, Cayman Islands, Cuba, United States, Canada, Lesser Antilles, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, The Bahamas, Bermuda, Iceland, Ireland, United Kingdom, Hispaniola, West Africa, Cape Verde, Azores 9 8 $371.6 million 21
2014 Pacific hurricane season Mexico, Baja California Sur, Southwestern United States, Hawaii, Johnston Atoll, Central America, Colima, Sonora, Nayarit 23 22 $1.52 billion 49
2014 Pacific typhoon season Micronesia, Taiwan, Philippines, China, Vietnam, Mariana Islands, Japan, Korean Peninsula, Laos, Russian Far East, Thailand, Myanmar, Alaska 31 22 $12.92 billion 572
2014 North Indian Ocean cyclone season India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Yemen, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Djibouti, Eritrea 8 3 $3.58 billion 183
2013–14 Australian region cyclone season5 Indonesia, Australia, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea 12 7 $1.15 billion 22
2014–15 Australian region cyclone season5 Indonesia, Australia, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea 4 2 None None
2013–14 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season5 Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Réunion 11 7 $89.2 million 11
2014–15 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season5 Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Réunion 2 1 None None
2013–14 South Pacific cyclone season5 Fiji, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Tonga, New Zealand, Samoan Islands, Wallis and Futuna, Niue, Solomon Islands 12 5 $48 million 12
2014–15 South Pacific cyclone season5 Fiji, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Tonga, New Zealand, Samoan Islands, Wallis and Futuna, Niue, Solomon Islands 5 None None None
Mediterranean tropical-like cyclone Libya, Tunisia, Italy, Malta, Greece 1 1 $250 million 3
Worldwide (See above) 117[a] 79 > $19.68 billion 870
  1. ^ The sum of the number of systems and fatalities in each basin will not equal the number shown as the total. This is because when systems move between basins, it creates a discrepancy in the actual number of systems and fatalities.

Notes

  1. ^ An El Nino watch is issued by the Climate Prediction Center when conditions are favourable for the development of an El Niño within the next six months.[4]

1 Only systems that formed either on or after January 1, 2014 are counted in the seasonal totals.
2 Only systems that formed either before or on December 31, 2014 are counted in the seasonal totals.
3 The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the IMD Scale which uses 3-minute sustained winds.
4 The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone/basin are based on the Saffir Simpson Scale which uses 1-minute sustained winds.
5The wind speeds for this tropical cyclone are based on Météo-France which uses gust winds.

See also

References

  1. ^ El Niño/La Niña Update: January 2014 (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization. 30 January 2014. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 January 2016.
  2. ^ a b c "Pacific ENSO Update: 3rd Quarter 2014" (PDF). 20 (3). United States Pacific El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Applications Climate Center. 26 August 2014. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 December 2015. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. ^ a b c "Pacific ENSO Update: Special Edition" (PDF). 20 (SB1). United States Pacific El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Applications Climate Center. 26 August 2014. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 December 2015. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. ^ ENSO Alert System (Report). United States Climate Prediction Center. 6 March 2014. Archived from the original on 22 March 2016.
  5. ^ El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) diagnostic discussion: March 2014 (PDF) (Report). United States Climate Prediction Center. 6 March 2014. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 April 2014.
  6. ^ Becker, Emily (7 May 2014). "ENSO Blog: 8 May ENSO Diagnostic Discussion". Climate.gov. United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016.
  7. ^ a b Climate Services Division (18 August 2015). Fiji Annual Climate Summary 2014 (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 August 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  8. ^ a b "Pacific ENSO Update: 1st Quarter 2015" (PDF). 21 (1). United States Pacific El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Applications Climate Center. 3 March 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 March 2016. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ "First El Niño in five years declared by Japan's weather bureau". Archived from the original on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
  10. ^ "Pacific ENSO Update: 2nd Quarter 2015" (PDF). 21 (2). United States Pacific El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Applications Climate Center. 29 May 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 March 2016. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  11. ^ January 2014 Global Catastrophe Recap (PDF) (Report). AON Benfield. 2014. Retrieved December 23, 2014.
  12. ^ "Tonga reports widespread damage and one death from Cyclone Ian". Agence France-Presse. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  13. ^ India Meteorological Department. "A Preliminary Report on Depression over Bay of Bengal (4–7 January, 2014)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2014. Retrieved 10 May 2014.
  14. ^ United Nations Office for the Coordination of Human Affairs (January 8, 2014). Tropical Depression Path (as of 8th January 2014) (PDF) (Report). ReliefWeb. Retrieved 10 January 2014.
  15. ^ United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Prediction Center (January 8, 2014). Africa Hazards Outlook January 9 – January 15, 2014 (Report). ReliefWeb. Retrieved 10 January 2014.
  16. ^ "NDRRMC Updates Sitrep No. 33 re: Effects of Tropical Depression "Agaton"" (PDF). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. February 1, 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 30, 2014. Retrieved November 30, 2014. {{cite web}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; March 29, 2014 suggested (help)
  17. ^ NC 1ère (January 21, 2014). "June a fait une première victime". NC 1ère. Retrieved January 21, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  18. ^ "Le cyclone Deliwe dévaste l'Ouest de Madagascar" (in French). L'Express de Madagascar. January 18, 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-01-25. Retrieved January 19, 2014.
  19. ^ "Final Report: Re: Effects of Tropical Storm Basyang (IN: Kajiki)" (PDF). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. February 6, 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 1, 2016. Retrieved August 1, 2016.
  20. ^ "Heavy Rains Lash Odisha; Flood Alert in 6 Districts". Bhubaneswar, India: The New Indian Express. May 26, 2014. Archived from the original on May 29, 2014. Retrieved May 29, 2014.
  21. ^ Stacy R. Stewart (June 24, 2014). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Amanda" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 26, 2016.
  22. ^ "November 2014 Global Catastrophe Recap" (PDF). Aon Benfield. 3 December 2014. p. 5. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
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