Jump to content

List of the most intense tropical cyclones

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Cyclonebiskit (talk | contribs) at 01:20, 13 April 2022 (Reverted good faith edits by 2601:183:8380:4E10:FD1D:C23:A1CF:347 (talk): Only pressures below 920mb are listed). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Taken by various of satellites throughout the modern era, these are the most intense tropical cyclone in each basin, out of all these tropical cyclones Typhoon Tip had the lowest atmospheric pressure measured in a tropical cyclone, at 870 mbar (25.69 inHg), it is the third image in the first row.

Winds are often used to measure intensity as they commonly cause notable impacts over large areas, and most popular tropical cyclone scales are organized around sustained wind speeds. However, variations in the averaging period of winds in different basins make inter-comparison difficult. In addition, other impacts like rainfall, storm surge, area of wind damages, and tornadoes can vary significantly in storms with similar wind speeds. Pressure is often used to compare tropical cyclones because the measurements are easier and use consistent methodology. Tropical cyclones can attain some of the lowest pressures over large areas on Earth. However, although there is a strong connection between lowered pressures and higher wind speeds, storms with the lowest pressures may not have the highest wind speeds, as each storm's relationship between wind and pressure is slightly different.[1]

In the most recent and reliable records, most tropical cyclones which attained a pressure of 900 hPa (mbar) (26.56 inHg) or less have occurred in the Western North Pacific Ocean. The strongest tropical cyclone recorded worldwide, as measured by minimum central pressure, was Typhoon Tip, which reached a pressure of 870 hPa (25.69 inHg) on October 12, 1979.[2]

The data below are subdivided by basin. Data listed are provided by the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre, unless otherwise noted. On October 23, 2015, Hurricane Patricia attained the strongest 1-minute sustained winds on record at 215 mph (345 km/h).[3]

North Atlantic Ocean

Main article: Atlantic hurricane season
Hurricane Allen at peak intensity, peaking with the highest winds in a tropical cyclone ever recorded in the Atlantic basin
Hurricane Wilma near record strength, causing the lowest pressure in a tropical cyclone in the Atlantic basin

The most intense storm in the North Atlantic by lowest pressure was Hurricane Wilma. The strongest storm by 1-minute sustained winds was Hurricane Allen.

Storms which reached a minimum central pressure of 920 millibars (27.17 inHg) or less are listed. Storm information has been compiled back to 1851, though measurements were rarer until aircraft reconnaissance started in the 1940s, and inexact estimates were still predominant until dropsondes were implemented in the 1970s.[4]

Cyclone Season Peak classification Peak 1-min
sustained winds		 Pressure
"Cuba" 1924
Category 5 hurricane
 270 km/h (165 mph) 910 mbar (26.87 inHg)
"Cuba" 1932
Category 5 hurricane
 280 km/h (175 mph) 915 mbar (27.02 inHg)
"Labor Day" 1935
Category 5 hurricane
 295 km/h (185 mph) 892 mbar (26.34 inHg)
Janet 1955
Category 5 hurricane
 280 km/h (175 mph) 914 mbar (26.99 inHg)
Esther 1961
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 919 mbar (27.14 inHg)
Hattie 1961
Category 5 hurricane
 270 km/h (165 mph) 914 mbar (26.99 inHg)
Camille 1969
Category 5 hurricane
 280 km/h (175 mph) 900 mbar (26.58 inHg)
Allen 1980
Category 5 hurricane
 305 km/h (190 mph) 899 mbar (26.55 inHg)
Gilbert 1988
Category 5 hurricane
 295 km/h (185 mph) 888 mbar (26.22 inHg)
Hugo 1989
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 918 mbar (27.11 inHg)
Opal 1995
Category 4 hurricane
 240 km/h (150 mph) 916 mbar (27.05 inHg)
Mitch 1998
Category 5 hurricane
 285 km/h (180 mph) 905 mbar (26.72 inHg)
Isabel 2003
Category 5 hurricane
 270 km/h (165 mph) 915 mbar (27.02 inHg)
Ivan 2004
Category 5 hurricane
 270 km/h (165 mph) 910 mbar (26.87 inHg)
Katrina 2005
Category 5 hurricane
 280 km/h (175 mph) 902 mbar (26.64 inHg)
Rita 2005
Category 5 hurricane
 285 km/h (180 mph) 895 mbar (26.43 inHg)
Wilma 2005
Category 5 hurricane
 295 km/h (185 mph) 882 mbar (26.05 inHg)
Dean 2007
Category 5 hurricane
 280 km/h (175 mph) 905 mbar (26.72 inHg)
Irma 2017
Category 5 hurricane
 285 km/h (180 mph) 914 mbar (26.99 inHg)
Maria 2017
Category 5 hurricane
 280 km/h (175 mph) 908 mbar (26.81 inHg)
Michael 2018
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 919 mbar (27.14 inHg)
Dorian 2019
Category 5 hurricane
 295 km/h (185 mph) 910 mbar (26.87 inHg)
Iota 2020
Category 4 hurricane
 250 km/h (155 mph) 917 mbar (27.08 inHg)
Source: Atlantic Hurricane Best Track File 1851–2023 (NHC) [5]

See List of Category 5 Atlantic Hurricanes for additional information on strong storms in the Atlantic basin.

See Notable non-tropical pressures over the North Atlantic for intense extratropical low pressure values over the North Atlantic.

Eastern Pacific Ocean

Main article: Pacific hurricane § List of seasons
Hurricane Patricia shortly after peak intensity, highest global sustained winds and lowest pressure in the Western Hemisphere
Hurricane Ioke at its record peak intensity, also the most intense hurricane ever recorded in the Central Pacific

The most intense storm in the Eastern Pacific Ocean by both sustained winds and central pressure was Hurricane Patricia. Its sustained winds of 345 km/h (215 mph) are also the highest on record globally.

Storms with a minimum central pressure of 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) or less are listed. Storm information was less reliably documented and recorded before 1949, and most storms since are only estimated because landfalls (and related reconnaissance) are less common in this basin.[6]

Cyclone Season Peak classification Peak 1-min
sustained winds		 Pressure
Ava 1973
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Annette 1976
Category 4 hurricane
 220 km/h (140 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg)
Trudy 1990
Category 4 hurricane
 250 km/h (155 mph) 924 hPa (27.29 inHg)
Gilma 1994
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Olivia 1994
Category 4 hurricane
 240 km/h (150 mph) 923 hPa (27.26 inHg)
Guillermo 1997
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 919 hPa (27.14 inHg)
Linda 1997
Category 5 hurricane
 295 km/h (185 mph) 902 hPa (26.64 inHg)
Juliette 2001
Category 4 hurricane
 230 km/h (145 mph) 923 hPa (27.26 inHg)
Elida 2002
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 921 hPa (27.20 inHg)
Hernan 2002
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 921 hPa (27.20 inHg)
Kenna 2002
Category 5 hurricane
 270 km/h (165 mph) 913 hPa (26.96 inHg)
Ioke 2006
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Rick 2009
Category 5 hurricane
 285 km/h (180 mph) 906 hPa (26.75 inHg)
Celia 2010
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 921 hPa (27.20 inHg)
Marie 2014
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 918 hPa (27.11 inHg)
Odile 2014
Category 4 hurricane
 220 km/h (140 mph) 918 hPa (27.11 inHg)
Patricia 2015
Category 5 hurricane
 345 km/h (215 mph) 872 hPa (25.75 inHg)
Walaka 2018
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 921 hPa (27.20 inHg)
Willa 2018
Category 5 hurricane
 260 km/h (160 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg)
Source: East Pacific Hurricane Best Track File 1949–2023 (NHC) [7]

See Category 5 Pacific Hurricanes for a full list of category 5 hurricanes in this basin.

Western North Pacific Ocean

Main article: Pacific typhoon climatology
Typhoon Megi at peak intensity
Typhoon Haiyan at peak intensity
Typhoon Meranti at peak intensity
Typhoon Tip at record peak intensity

The most intense storm by lowest pressure and peak 10-minute sustained winds was Typhoon Tip, which was also the most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded in terms of minimum central pressure.

Storms with a minimum pressure of 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) or less are listed. Storm information was less reliably documented and recorded before 1950.[6]

Cyclone Year Peak classification Peak 10-min
sustained winds		 Pressure
Unnamed 1927
Unknown
 Not Specified 887 hPa (26.19 inHg)[8]
Allyn 1949
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 884 hPa (26.10 inHg)
Clara 1950
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 899 hPa (26.55 inHg)
Marge 1951
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 886 hPa (26.16 inHg)
Wilma 1952
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 893 hPa (26.37 inHg)
Nina 1953
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 885 hPa (26.13 inHg)
Tess 1953
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Ida 1954
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 890 hPa (26.28 inHg)
Pamela 1954
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Virginia 1957
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Hester 1957
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Lola 1957
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Ida 1958
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 877 hPa (25.90 inHg)
Vera 1959
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Joan 1959
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 885 hPa (26.13 inHg)
Nancy 1961
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 882 hPa (26.05 inHg)
Violet 1961
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Opal 1962
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Emma 1962
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 890 hPa (26.28 inHg)
Karen 1962
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 894 hPa (26.40 inHg)
Sally 1964
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Wilda 1964
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Opal 1964
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Bess 1965
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Kit 1966
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 880 hPa (25.99 inHg)
Carla 1967
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Agnes 1968
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Elsie 1969
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Viola 1969
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 896 hPa (26.46 inHg)
Hope 1970
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Amy 1971
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 890 hPa (26.28 inHg)
Nadine 1971
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Irma 1971
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 885 hPa (26.13 inHg)
Patsy 1973
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Nora 1973
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 875 hPa (25.84 inHg)
Nina 1975
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Elsie 1975
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
June 1975
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 875 hPa (25.84 inHg)
Louise 1976
Violent Typhoon
 Not Specified 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Rita 1978
Violent Typhoon
 220 km/h (140 mph) 878 hPa (25.93 inHg)
Hope 1979
Violent Typhoon
 205 km/h (125 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Tip 1979
Violent Typhoon
 260 km/h (160 mph) 870 hPa (25.69 inHg)
Wynne 1980
Violent Typhoon
 220 km/h (140 mph) 890 hPa (26.28 inHg)
Elsie 1981
Violent Typhoon
 220 km/h (140 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Bess 1982
Violent Typhoon
 230 km/h (145 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Mac 1982
Violent Typhoon
 220 km/h (140 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Abby 1983
Violent Typhoon
 220 km/h (140 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Forrest 1983
Violent Typhoon
 205 km/h (125 mph) 876 hPa (25.87 inHg)
Marge 1983
Violent Typhoon
 205 km/h (125 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Vanessa 1984
Violent Typhoon
 220 km/h (140 mph) 880 hPa (25.99 inHg)
Dot 1985
Violent Typhoon
 220 km/h (140 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Peggy 1986
Violent Typhoon
 205 km/h (125 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Betty 1987
Violent Typhoon
 205 km/h (125 mph) 890 hPa (26.28 inHg)
Holly 1987
Violent Typhoon
 205 km/h (125 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Flo 1990
Violent Typhoon
 220 km/h (140 mph) 890 hPa (26.28 inHg)
Ruth 1991
Violent Typhoon
 215 km/h (130 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Yuri 1991
Violent Typhoon
 220 km/h (140 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Gay 1992
Violent Typhoon
 205 km/h (125 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Zeb 1998
Violent Typhoon
 205 km/h (125 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Megi 2010
Violent Typhoon
 230 km/h (145 mph) 885 hPa (26.13 inHg)
Sanba 2012
Violent Typhoon
 205 km/h (125 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Haiyan 2013
Violent Typhoon
 230 km/h (145 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Vongfong 2014
Violent Typhoon
 215 km/h (130 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Soudelor 2015
Violent Typhoon
 215 km/h (130 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Nepartak 2016
Violent Typhoon
 205 km/h (125 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Meranti 2016
Violent Typhoon
 220 km/h (140 mph) 890 hPa (26.28 inHg)
Haima 2016
Violent Typhoon
 215 km/h (130 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Kong-rey 2018
Violent Typhoon
 215 km/h (130 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Yutu 2018
Violent Typhoon
 215 km/h (130 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Surigae 2021
Violent Typhoon
 220 km/h (140 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg)
Source: Western North Pacific Typhoon Best Track File 1951–2024 (JMA) [9]

North Indian Ocean

Main article: North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone
Satellite image of the cyclone as it made landfall in Odisha
Cyclone Gonu near peak intensity, also the most intense tropical cyclone in Arabian sea

The most intense tropical cyclone in the North Indian Ocean by both sustained winds and central pressure was the 1999 Odisha cyclone, with 3-minute sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mph) and a minimum pressure of 912 hPa (26.93 inHg).

Storms with an intensity of 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) or less are listed.

Cyclone Season Peak classification Peak 3-min
sustained winds		 Pressure Refs
Two 1963
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 195 km/h (120 mph) 947 hPa (27.96 inHg)
Three 1963
Super cyclonic storm
 240 km/h (150 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
1977 Andhra Pradesh 1977
Super cyclonic storm
 230 km/h (145 mph) 943 hPa (27.85 inHg) [10]
Unnamed 1978
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 205 km/h (125 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) [11]
1978 Unnamed 1978
Super cyclonic storm
 220 km/h (140 mph) 938 hPa (27.70 inHg) [11]
Unnamed 1979
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 185 km/h (115 mph) 936 hPa (27.64 inHg) [12]
BOB 01 1982
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 215 km/h (130 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) [13]
Gay 1989
Super cyclonic storm
 230 km/h (145 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) [13]
1990 Andhra Pradesh 1990
Super cyclonic storm
 230 km/h (145 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) [13]
1991 Bangladesh 1991
Super cyclonic storm
 240 km/h (150 mph) 918 hPa (27.11 inHg) [13]
1994 BOB 02 1994
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 215 km/h (130 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) [13]
1999 Pakistan 1999
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 195 km/h (120 mph) 946 hPa (27.94 inHg) [13]
1999 Odisha 1999
Super cyclonic storm
 260 km/h (160 mph) 912 hPa (26.93 inHg) [13]
2001 India 2001
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 215 km/h (130 mph) 932 hPa (27.52 inHg) [13]
Gonu 2007
Super cyclonic storm
 240 km/h (150 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) [13]
Sidr 2007
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 215 km/h (130 mph) 944 hPa (27.88 inHg) [13]
Giri 2010
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 195 km/h (120 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) [13]
Phailin 2013
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 215 km/h (130 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) [13]
Hudhud 2014
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 185 km/h (115 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) [13]
Nilofar 2014
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 205 km/h (125 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) [13]
Chapala 2015
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 215 km/h (130 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) [13]
Fani 2019
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 215 km/h (130 mph) 932 hPa (27.52 inHg)
Kyarr 2019
Super cyclonic storm
 240 km/h (150 mph) 922 hPa (27.23 inHg)
Amphan 2020
Super cyclonic storm
 240 km/h (150 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Tauktae 2021
Extremely severe cyclonic storm
 185 km/h (115 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg)

South-West Indian Ocean

Main article: South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone § Seasons
Cyclone Gafilo shortly before peak intensity
Cyclone Fantala shortly after peak intensity

The most intense tropical cyclone in the South-West Indian Ocean was Cyclone Gafilo. By 10-minute sustained wind speed, the strongest tropical cyclone in the South-West Indian Ocean was Cyclone Fantala.

Storms with an intensity of 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) or less are listed. Storm information was less reliably documented and recorded before 1985.[6]

Cyclone Season Peak classification Peak 10-min
sustained winds		 Pressure
Chris-Damia 1981–82
Intense tropical cyclone
 210 km/h (130 mph) 898 hPa (26.52 inHg) [14]
Geralda 1993–94
Intense tropical cyclone
 200 km/h (125 mph) 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) [15]
Litanne 1993–94
Intense tropical cyclone
 190 km/h (120 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) [15]
Marlene 1994–95
Intense tropical cyclone
 180 km/h (110 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) [16]
Bonita 1995–96
Intense tropical cyclone
 180 km/h (110 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) [17]
Danielle 1996–97
Intense tropical cyclone
 190 km/h (120 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) [18]
Hudah 1999–2000
Very Intense tropical cyclone
 220 km/h (135 mph) 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) [19]
Dina 2001–02
Intense tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (135 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) [20]
Guillaume 2001–02
Intense tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (125 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) [20]
Hary 2001–02
Very Intense tropical cyclone
 220 km/h (135 mph) 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) [20]
Kalunde 2002–03
Intense tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (135 mph) 905 hPa (26.72 inHg)
Gafilo 2003–04
Very Intense tropical cyclone
 230 km/h (145 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) [21]
Adeline-Juliet 2004–05
Very Intense tropical cyclone
 220 km/h (135 mph) 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) [22]
Bento 2004–05
Intense tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (135 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) [23]
Carina 2005–06
Intense tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (125 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) [24]
Hondo 2007–08
Intense tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (135 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) [25]
Edzani 2009–10
Very Intense tropical cyclone
 220 km/h (135 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) [26]
Bruce 2013–14
Very Intense tropical cyclone
 220 km/h (135 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Colin 2013–14
Intense tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (125 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Hellen 2013–14
Very Intense tropical cyclone
 230 km/h (145 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Bansi 2014–15
Very Intense tropical cyclone
 220 km/h (135 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg)
Eunice 2014–15
Very Intense tropical cyclone
 230 km/h (145 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Fantala 2015–16
Very Intense tropical cyclone
 250 km/h (155 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg)

Australian region

Main article: Australian region tropical cyclone § Seasons
Cyclone Inigo near peak intensity
Cyclone Marcus at peak intensity

The most intense tropical cyclone(s) in the Australian Region were cyclones Gwenda and Inigo. By 10-minute sustained wind speed, the strongest were Cyclone Orson, Cyclone Monica and Cyclone Marcus.

Storms with an intensity of 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) or less are listed. Storm information was less reliably documented and recorded before 1985.[6]

Cyclone Season Peak classification Peak 10-min
sustained winds		 Pressure
Mahina 1899
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 Unknown 880 hPa (25.99 inHg)[nb 1][27][28]
Joan 1975–76
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Amy 1979–80
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Kathy 1983–84
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (125 mph) 916 hPa (27.05 inHg)
Orson 1988–89
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 250 km/h (155 mph) 905 hPa (26.72 inHg)
Graham 1991–92
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (120 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Rewa 1993–94
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (125 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Theodore 1993–94
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (120 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg)
Chloe 1994–95
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 220 km/h (140 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Pancho-Helinda 1996–97
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (135 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Thelma 1998–99
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 220 km/h (140 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Vance 1998–99
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (135 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg)
Frederic-Evrina 1998–99
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (125 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Gwenda 1998–99
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 220 km/h (140 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
John 1999–2000
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Paul 1999–2000
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Chris 2001–02
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Inigo 2002–03
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 230 km/h (145 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Fay 2003–04
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (130 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg)
Floyd 2005–06
Category 4 severe tropical cyclone
 195 km/h (120 mph) 916 hPa (27.05 inHg)
Glenda 2005–06
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (125 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg)
Monica 2005–06
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 250 km/h (155 mph) 916 hPa (27.05 inHg)
George 2006–07
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (125 mph) 902 hPa (26.64 inHg)
Marcus 2017–18
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 250 km/h (155 mph) 905 hPa (26.72 inHg)
Source: Database of past tropical cyclone tracks (BOM)[29]

South Pacific Ocean

Main article: South Pacific tropical cyclone season
Cyclone Winston at peak intensity
Cyclone Zoe at peak intensity and also the second most intense tropical cyclone in the Southern Hemisphere.

A total of 16 cyclones are listed down below reaching/surpassing an intensity of 920 hPa (27.17 inHg), with most of them occurring during El Niño seasons. Tropical cyclones that have been recorded since the start of the 1969–70 Tropical Cyclone year and have reached their peak intensity to the west of 160E are included in the list. The most intense tropical cyclone in the south Pacific, Cyclone Winston of 2016, is also the most intense storm in the Southern Hemisphere.

Storms with an intensity of 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) or less are listed.

Cyclone Season Peak classification Peak 10-min
sustained winds		 Pressure
Oscar 1982–83
Category 4 severe tropical cyclone
 185 km/h (115 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Hina 1984–85
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 220 km/h (135 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg)
Fran 1991–92
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (125 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Ron 1997–98
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 230 km/h (145 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Susan 1997–98
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 230 km/h (145 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Beni 2002–03
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (125 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Dovi 2002–03
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 205 km/h (125 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Erica 2002–03
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Zoe 2002–03
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 240 km/h (150 mph) 890 hPa (26.28 inHg)
Heta 2003–04
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Meena 2004–05
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Olaf 2004–05
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Percy 2004–05
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 230 km/h (145 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg)
Ului 2009–10
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 215 km/h (130 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg)
Pam 2014–15
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 250 km/h (155 mph) 896 hPa (26.46 inHg)
Winston 2015–16
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 280 km/h (175 mph) 884 hPa (26.10 inHg)
Harold 2019–20
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 230 km/h (145 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg)
Yasa 2020–21
Category 5 severe tropical cyclone
 230 km/h (145 mph) 917 hPa (27.08 inHg)
Sources:[30]

South Atlantic Ocean

Main article: South Atlantic tropical cyclone
Hurricane Catarina near peak intensity

Until recently, it was not known that tropical cyclones could exist in the southern Atlantic. However, Hurricane Catarina in 2004, to date the only hurricane in the south Atlantic, brought additional review. A subsequent study found that there was an average of 1-2 subtropical or tropical cyclones per year in the Southern Atlantic in recent decades.[31] No official database of South Atlantic cyclones exists, but a partial list of notable tropical and subtropical systems is listed.

Cyclone Season Peak classification Peak 1-min
sustained winds		 Pressure
1991 Angola tropical storm 1991
Tropical storm
 65 km/h (40 mph) Unknown (Unknown)
Catarina 2004
Category 2 hurricane
 155 km/h (100 mph) 972 hPa (28.70 inHg)
Anita 2010
Tropical storm
 85 km/h (50 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg)
Arani 2011
Subtropical storm
 85 km/h (50 mph) 989 hPa (29.21 inHg)
Bapo 2015
Subtropical storm
 65 km/h (40 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg)
Cari 2015
Subtropical storm
 65 km/h (40 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg)
Deni 2016
Subtropical storm
 75 km/h (45 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg)
Eçaí 2016
Subtropical storm
 100 km/h (65 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg)
Guará 2017
Subtropical storm
 75 km/h (45 mph) 996 hPa (29.40 inHg)
Iba 2019
Tropical storm
 85 km/h (55 mph) 1006 hPa (29.70 inHg)
Jaguar 2019
Subtropical storm
 65 km/h (40 mph) 1010 hPa (29.83 inHg)
Kurumí 2020
Subtropical storm
 65 km/h (40 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg)
Mani 2020
Subtropical storm
 65 km/h (40 mph) 1004 hPa (29.64 inHg)
Oquira 2020
Subtropical storm
 65 km/h (40 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg)
01Q 2021
Tropical storm
 65 km/h (40 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg)
Potira 2021
Subtropical storm
 75 km/h (45 mph) 1006 hPa (29.70 inHg)
Raoni 2021
Subtropical storm
 95 km/h (60 mph) 986 hPa (29.02 inHg)
Ubá 2021
Subtropical storm
 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg)

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Officially listed by the BoM as 914 mbar, pending review.

References

  1. ^ Kossin, James (February 2015). "Hurricane Wind–Pressure Relationship and Eyewall Replacement Cycles". Weather and Forecasting. 30 (1): 177–181. Bibcode:2015WtFor..30..177K. doi:10.1175/WAF-D-14-00121.1.
  2. ^ Dunnavan, George M; Diercks, John W (November 1, 1980). "An Analysis of Super Typhoon Tip (October 1979)". Monthly Weather Review. 108 (11): 1915–1923. Bibcode:1980MWRv..108.1915D. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1980)108<1915:AAOSTT>2.0.CO;2.
  3. ^ Sanchez, Ray (October 23, 2015). "Hurricane Patricia weakens, but still 'extremely dangerous'". CNN. Retrieved October 10, 2018.
  4. ^ http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/Landsea/rpibook-final04.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  5. ^ "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)" (Database). United States National Hurricane Center. April 5, 2023. Retrieved November 18, 2024. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  6. ^ a b c d "ATCR report plan". www.usno.navy.mil. Retrieved 2017-10-21.
  7. ^ National Hurricane Center; Hurricane Research Division; Central Pacific Hurricane Center (April 26, 2024). "The Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database 1949–2023". United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived from the original on May 29, 2024. A guide on how to read the database is available here. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  8. ^ C. L. Jordan (September 1959). "A Reported Sea Level Pressure of 877 MB" (PDF). Monthly Weather Review. 87: 365–366. Bibcode:1959MWRv...87..365J. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1959)087<0365:wnarsl>2.0.co;2. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
  9. ^ "Western North Pacific Typhoon best track file 1951–2024". Japan Meteorological Agency. 2010-01-13. Retrieved 2010-01-13.
  10. ^ Pant, P S; Ramakrishnan, A R; Jamdunathan, R. "Cyclones and Depressions over the Indian Seas in 1977" (PDF). Mausam. 31 (3): 337–356.
  11. ^ a b Srinivasan, V; Ramakrishnan, A R; Jamdunathan, R. "Cyclones and Depressions over the Indian Seas in 1978" (PDF). Mausam. 31 (4): 495–506.
  12. ^ Mukherjee, A K; Ramakrishnan, A R; Jamdunathan, R. "Cyclones and Depressions over the Indian Seas in 1979" (PDF). Mausam. 32 (2): 115–126.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "IMD Best track data 1982-2022" (xls). India Meteorological Department. A guide on how to read the database is available here.
  14. ^ "Cyclone Damia Best track". Météo-France. 2001-05-16. Retrieved 2010-01-08.
  15. ^ a b La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre. Cyclone Season 1993–1994 in the South-West Indian Ocean (in English and French). Météo France. pp. 42, 65. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  16. ^ La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre. Cyclone Season 1994–1995 in the South-West Indian Ocean (in English and French). Météo France. p. 67. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  17. ^ La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre. Cyclone Season 1995–1996 in the South-West Indian Ocean (in English and French). Météo France. p. 25. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  18. ^ La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre. Cyclone Season 1996–1997 in the South-West Indian Ocean (in English and French). Météo France. p. 33. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  19. ^ La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre. Cyclone Season 1999–2000 in the South-West Indian Ocean (in English and French). Météo France. p. 72. ISBN 2-9511665-3-2. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  20. ^ a b c La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre. Cyclone Season 2001–2002 in the South-West Indian Ocean (in English and French). Météo France. p. 4. ISBN 2-9511665-6-7. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  21. ^ La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre. Cyclone Season 2003–2004 in the South-West Indian Ocean (in English and French). Météo France. p. 67. ISBN 2-9511665-8-3. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  22. ^ La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre (November 27, 2009). "Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Adeline-Juliet". Météo France. Archived from the original on December 24, 2013. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  23. ^ La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre (November 27, 2009). "Intense Tropical Cyclone Bento". Météo France. Archived from the original on December 24, 2013. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  24. ^ La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre. South-West Indian Ocean Cyclone Season 2005–2006 (in English and French). Météo France. p. 6. ISBN 2-9511665-9-1. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  25. ^ La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre (November 27, 2009). "Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Hondo". Météo France. Archived from the original on December 24, 2013. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  26. ^ La Reunion Tropical Cyclone Centre (August 31, 2010). "Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Edzani". Météo France. Archived from the original on December 24, 2013. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  27. ^ Kerr, Jack (26 December 2014). "Tropical Cyclone Mahina: Bid to have deadly March 1899 weather event upgraded in record books". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
  28. ^ Masters, Jeffrey. "World Storm Surge Records". Weather Underground. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  29. ^ "Australian Tropical Cyclone Database" (CSV). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. 2023-06-30. Retrieved 2023-06-30. A guide on how to read the database is available here.
  30. ^ MetService (May 22, 2009). "TCWC Wellington Best Track Data 1967–2006". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship.[permanent dead link‍]
  31. ^ Evans, Jenny L; Braun, Aviva J (2012). "A Climatology of Subtropical Cyclones in the South Atlantic". Journal of Climate. 25 (21). American Meteorological Society: 7328–7340. Bibcode:2012JCli...25.7328E. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00212.1.

Regional Specialized Meteorological Centers

Tropical Cyclone Warning Centers

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_the_most_intense_tropical_cyclones&oldid=1082407675"