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Augustus C. Dodge

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Augustus Dodge
United States Ambassador to Spain
In office
June 17, 1855 – March 12, 1859
PresidentFranklin Pierce
James Buchanan
Preceded byPierre Soulé
Succeeded byWilliam Preston
United States Senator
from Iowa
In office
December 7, 1848 – February 22, 1855
Preceded bySeat established
Succeeded byJames Harlan
Delegate to the
U.S. House of Representatives
from the Iowa Territory's
at-large district
In office
October 28, 1840 – December 28, 1846
Preceded byFrancis Gehon (Delegate-elect)
Succeeded bySerranus Hastings (Representative)
Personal details
Born
Augustus Caesar Dodge

(1812-01-02)January 2, 1812
Ste. Genevieve, Missouri, U.S.
DiedNovember 20, 1883(1883-11-20) (aged 71)
Burlington, Iowa, U.S.
Resting placeAspen Grove Cemetery
Burlington, Iowa, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Parent
Military service
Allegiance United States
Branch/service United States Army
Battles/warsBlack Hawk War

Augustus Caesar Dodge (January 2, 1812 – November 20, 1883) was a Democratic delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives from Iowa Territory, a U.S. minister to Spain, and one of the first set of United States senators to represent Iowa after it was admitted to the Union as a state. His father, Henry Dodge, served as a U.S. senator from Wisconsin; the two were the first and so far the only father-son pair to serve concurrently in the Senate, which they did from 1848 to 1855.

Augustus Dodge was born in what is now Ste. Genevieve, Missouri (then in Louisiana Territory). Self-educated, he moved to Illinois in 1827, settled in Galena, and was employed there in various capacities in his father's lead mines. He served in the Black Hawk War and other Indian wars. In 1837, he moved to what is now Burlington, Iowa (then in Wisconsin Territory), where he served as register of the land office until 1840.

Delegate

Congress created Iowa Territory in 1838, from what was formerly the Iowa District of Wisconsin Territory. As a result of the Act of March 3, 1839,[1] the position of Iowa Territory's Delegate to the U.S. House would become vacant on October 27, 1840, and Dodge was elected to fill it. After initially serving in the Twenty-sixth United States Congress, he was re-elected in 1840 (to the Twenty-seventh Congress), 1842 (to the Twenty-eighth Congress), and 1844 (to the Twenty-ninth Congress). He served as delegate until Iowa became a state in December 1846, and his role was replaced by two voting Representatives.

Senator

For its first two years, the Iowa General Assembly failed to choose Iowa's first U.S. senators, due to a three-way split that prevented any candidate from earning the required number of 30 legislators' votes.[2] However, after the 1848 elections gave the Democratic Party a greater share of Iowa legislators, Dodge (and George Wallace Jones) were elected as Iowa's first two U.S. senators.[2] By drawing lots, Dodge received the seat with the shorter term (to expire in 1849), but was re-elected that year to a full six-year term.[2] While in the Senate, he served as chairman of the committee to Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses (in the Thirty-first and Thirty-second Congresses), the Committee on Pensions (in the Thirty-first Congress), the Committee on Revolutionary Claims (in the Thirty-second Congress), and the Committee on Public Lands (in the Thirty-third Congress).

On December 14, 1853, Dodge introduced a bill to organize the new territory of Nebraska. Under the leadership of Illinois Senator Stephen Douglas, that bill eventually became the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which Dodge supported forcefully.

In 1854, as Dodge's second term was near its end, the Iowa General Assembly chose Free Soil Party member (and future Republican) James Harlan, rather than Dodge.[2] Dodge was the preferred choice of Democratic legislators, whose ranks had declined. But in a failed effort to defeat Harlan by uniting Democrats and nationalist Whigs behind a single candidate, Dodge dropped out after the fourth ballot.[2]

Dodge served in the Senate until February 22, 1855, when President Franklin Pierce appointed him to the post of minister to Spain. He served as the minister until 1859.

Life after the Senate

Dodge unsuccessfully ran for Governor of Iowa in 1859, losing to Republican Samuel J. Kirkwood. He served as mayor of Burlington, Iowa from 1874 to 1875.

In 1868, Dodge supported the candidacy of George H. Pendleton for the Democratic presidential nomination.[3] During that same election year, Dodge himself had been mentioned for the vice-presidency. "His nomination", said The Democratic Watchman (Bellfontaine, Pennsylvania) "would probably give satisfaction to as many Democrats as that of any other western man."[4] Looking toward the 1872 presidential election, Dodge recommended Thomas A. Hendricks as a "worthy, able and excellent man." He believed that there was strong support throughout the Midwest for the Indianan, although he doubted that Hendricks would run well in the East.[5]

He died in Burlington, Iowa on November 20, 1883, and was interred in Aspen Grove Cemetery in Burlington.[6]

Dodge was the nephew of Missouri Senator Lewis F. Linn. His brother-in-law James Clarke served as the third and last Governor of Iowa Territory.[7]

Legacy

Dodge County, Nebraska[8] and Dodge Street in Omaha, Nebraska[9] were named after Augustus Dodge. His home in Burlington, Iowa is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Augustus Caesar Dodge House.[10]

References

  1. ^ Statute III, March 3, 1839, ch. XCII, Section 2.
  2. ^ a b c d e Clark, Dan Elbert (1913). History of Senatorial Elections in Iowa. Iowa. pp. 17–46, 72–79.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  3. ^ "SEYMOUR AND BLAIR.; The Nominations Formally Tendered the Democratic Candidates—Their Addresses—Speeches by Samuel J. Tilden, Gen, Geo, W.Morgan, Gen.Greene Clay Smith, Gen. A.C. Dodge, and Others" (PDF). The New York Times. 1868-07-11. p. 8. Retrieved 2010-04-23.
  4. ^ Augustus Caesar Dodge: A Study in American Politics – Google Books. State University of Iowa. 1909. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  5. ^ "U.S. Senate: Thomas A. Hendricks, 21st Vice President (1885)". Archived from the original on 2017-08-01. Retrieved 2018-02-16.
  6. ^ "DODGE, Augustus Caesar". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved 2022-06-07.
  7. ^ "The Political Graveyard: Dodge family of Missouri and Iowa". politicalgraveyard.com. Archived from the original on 2008-12-03.
  8. ^ "Dodge County". Nebraska Association of County Officials. Archived from the original on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  9. ^ "Street Names 4". Douglas County Historical Society. Archived from the original on 21 October 2007. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
  10. ^ M.H. Bowers. "Augustus Caesar Dodge House" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 2015-12-07.

Archival collections

U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives
from the Iowa Territory's at-large congressional district
1840–1846 		Succeeded byas U.S. Representative
U.S. Senate
New seat U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Iowa
1848–1855
Served alongside: George Wallace Jones 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chair of the Senate Expenses Committee
1849–1853 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chair of the Senate Public Lands Committee
1853–1855 		Succeeded by
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by United States Ambassador to Spain
1855–1859 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by
Ben Samuels
 Democratic nominee for Governor of Iowa
1859 		Succeeded by
William Merritt
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