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883d Bombardment Squadron

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883d Bombardment Squadron
883rd Bombardment Squadron B-29A Superfortress[note 1]
Active1943-1946
Country United States
Branch United States Air Force
Roleheavy bomber
EngagementsPacific Ocean Theater of World War II
DecorationsDistinguished Unit Citation

The 883d Bombardment Squadron is a former United States Army Air Forces unit. It was organized in November 1943 and, after training in the United States, deployed to the Pacific Ocean Theater of World War II, where it participated in the strategic bombing campaign against Japan. It earned two Distinguished Unit Citations before the end of the war. It returned to the United States in the fall of 1945 and was inactivated at March Field, California in January 1946.

History

The 883d Bombardment Squadron was activated at Gowen Field, Idaho on 20 November 1943 as one of the four original squadrons of the 500th Bombardment Group. It initially flew Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress bombers in New Mexico, then trained in Kansas with early model Boeing B-29 Superfortresses, with frequent delays in training due to modifications of the aircraft correcting production deficiencies.[citation needed]. It departed for its combat station in the Pacific in July 1944 after completing training.[1][2]

The squadron arrived at its combat station, Isely Field, on Saipan in the Mariana Islands in September 1944. It flew its first combat mission against a submarine base in the Truk Islands on 11 November. Thirteen days later it participated in the first attack on the Japanese homeland from the Marianas. Initially, the squadron flew high altitude daylight raids against industrial targets in Japan. In January 1945, it carried out an attack on the Mitsubishi engine manufacturing plant in Nagoya, for which it was awarded a Distinguished Unit Citation (DUC).[2]

The squadron was briefly diverted from its strategic mission when it struck airfields in Kyushu to support Operation Iceberg, the landings on Okinawa in April 1945. Beginning in March 1945, Twentieth Air Force changed both its tactics and strategy and the squadron began carrying out nighttime attacks with incendiaries against area targets. It received its second DUC for attacks on the urban and industrial section of Osaka, feeder industries at Hamamatsu and shipping and rail targets on Kyushu in June 1945. During the closing days of the war, the squadron also dropped propaganda leaflets over the Japanese home islands.[2]

Following V-J Day, the squadron dropped food and supply to prisoners of war in Japan, Korea, China and Taiwan. The squadron returned to the United States in the fall of 1945 and was inactivated at March Field, California on 17 January 1946.[1][2]

Lineage

  • Constituted as the 883d Bombardment Squadron, Very Heavy on 19 November 1943
Activated on 20 November 1943
Inactivated on 17 January 1946[1]

Assignments

  • 500th Bombardment Group, 20 November 1943-17 January 1946[1]

Stations

  • Gowen Field, Idaho, 20 November 1943
  • Clovis Army Air Field, New Mexico, c. 16 December 1943
  • Walker Army Air Field, Kansas, 16 April–23 July 1944
  • Isely Field, Saipan, Mariana Islands, 19 September 1944 – 15 November 1945
  • March Field, California, 29 November 1945 – 17 January 1946[1]

Aircraft

  • Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, 1944
  • Boeing B-29 Superfortress, 1944–1945[1]

Awards and campaigns

Award streamer Award Dates Notes
Distinguished Unit Citation 23 January 1945 Nagoya, Japan 883d Bombardment Squadron[1]
Distinguished Unit Citation 15–20 June 1945 Japan 883d Bombardment Squadron[1]
Campaign Streamer Campaign Dates Notes
Air Offensive, Japan 19 September 1944–2 September 1945 883d Bombardment Squadron[1]
Eastern Mandates 19 September 1944–14 April 1944 883d Bombardment Squadron[1]
Western Pacific 17 April 1945–2 September 1945 883d Bombardment Squadron[1]
China Offensive 5 May 1945–2 September 1945 883d Bombardment Squadron[1]

See also

References

Notes

Explanatory notes
  1. ^ Aircraft is Boeing B-29A Superfortress, serial 44-61669, Number 49, "Three Feathers" at the March Field Air Museum, California in 2007.
Citations
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 797
  2. ^ a b c d Maurer, Combat Units, p. 366

Bibliography

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

  • Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-02-1. LCCN 61060979.
  • Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-405-12194-6. LCCN 70605402. OCLC 72556. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
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