Hondita Formation
Hondita Formation | |
---|---|
Stratigraphic range: Turonian ~ | |
Type | Geological formation |
Unit of | Güagüaquí Group |
Underlies | Loma Gorda Formation |
Overlies | not observed |
Thickness | up to 90 m (300 ft) |
Lithology | |
Primary | Sandy limestone, shale |
Other | Calcareous concretions |
Location | |
Coordinates | 4°30′47″N 74°52′32″W / 4.51306°N 74.87556°W |
Approximate paleocoordinates | 3°00′S 52°00′W / 3.0°S 52.0°W |
Region | Upper Magdalena Valley, Central & Eastern Ranges, Andes |
Country | ![]() |
Type section | |
Named for | Quebrada Hondita |
Named by | De Porta |
Location | Piedras, Tolima |
Year defined | 1966 |
Coordinates | 4°30′47″N 74°52′32″W / 4.51306°N 74.87556°W |
Region | Cundinamarca, Huila, Tolima |
Country | ![]() |
![]() Paleogeography of Northern South America 90 Ma, by Ron Blakey |
The Hondita Formation (Spanish: Formación Hondita, Ksh) is a fossiliferous geological formation of the Upper Magdalena Valley (VSM) and surrounding Central and Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes, extending from Cundinamarca in the north to Huila and easternmost Tolima in the south. The lowermost unit of the Güagüaquí Group, a sequence of sandy limestones and shales, dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Turonian epoch, and has a maximum thickness of 90 metres (300 ft).
Fossils of Yaguarasaurus columbianus, said to be found in the time-equivalent La Frontera Formation (listed as "La Frontera Member"), were actually recovered from the Hondita Formation as the stratigraphic unit present in the Quebradas El Ocal and Itaibe, Huila.
Etymology
The formation was named in 1966 by De Porta, named after Quebrada Hondita in Piedras, Tolima.[1]
Description
Lithologies
The Hondita Formation is characterised by a sequence of sandy limestones and shales with calcareous concretions up to 2 metres (6.6 ft) in diameter.[2] The formation has provided fossils of Acanthoceras sp., Rhynchostreon sp. near Aipe, Huila.[3]
Stratigraphy and depositional environment
The Hondita Formation is the lowermost unit of the Güagüaquí Group.[1] It is overlain by the Loma Gorda Formation and its base has not been observed. The age has been estimated on the basis of ammonites to be Turonian.[2] Stratigraphically, the formation is time equivalent with the lower parts of the Chipaque, La Luna and La Frontera Formations.[4] The formation was deposited in a relative highstand sequence with an oceanic oxygen depletion event, sharply marked in Colombia and characterised by the appearance of calcareous concretions with a thick pyrite rim.[5]
Yaguarasaurus
Fossils of Yaguarasaurus columbianus were described as coming from the "La Frontera Member", part of the "Villeta Formation", in the Quebrada El Ocal, 26 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Neiva, Huila,[6][7] and in the Quebrada Itaibe 78 kilometres (48 mi) southwest of Neiva,[8] although in these areas the Hondita Formation is mapped.[9][10]
Outcrops
The type locality of the Hondita Formation is located in Piedras, Tolima.[1] Other outcrops of the Hondita Formation have been noted east of the Magdalena River northeast of Honda,[11] west of Nariño,[12] west across the Magdalena River in San Luis, Tolima,[13] between the Tetuán and Saldaña Rivers west of Coyaima and east and west of Ataco,[14] to the east of the Prado River reservoir,[15] north and west of Aipe,[16] surrounding Alpujarra, Tolima,[17] south of Palermo, Huila, displaced by the Baché Fault,[18] east of Iquira,[9] north of Yaguará,[10] south of La Plata where the formation is cut by the Itaibe Fault,[19] a small patch east of Gigante, Huila,[20] northwest and northeast of San Agustín,[21] and north of Timaná surrounding the Magdalena River.[22]
Regional correlations
See also
Geology of the Eastern Hills
Geology of the Ocetá Páramo
Geology of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense
Geology of the Middle Magdalena Valley
References
- ^ a b c Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.23
- ^ a b Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.24
- ^ Patarroyo, 2011
- ^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.22
- ^ Villamil, 2012, p.173
- ^ 'Yaguarasaurus columbianus' in the Paleobiology Database
- ^ Yaguarasaurus columbianus at Fossilworks.org
- ^ Páramo Fonseca, 2000, p.124
- ^ a b Plancha 344, 1999
- ^ a b Plancha 345, 1999
- ^ Plancha 207, 2010
- ^ Plancha 245, 1999
- ^ Plancha 264, 2002
- ^ Plancha 282, 1993
- ^ Plancha 283, 2009
- ^ Plancha 302, 1993
- ^ Plancha 303, 2002
- ^ Plancha 323, 1998
- ^ Plancha 366, 1998
- ^ Plancha 367, 2003
- ^ Plancha 388, 2002
- ^ Plancha 389, 2003
Bibliography
Maps
- Template:Cite LSA
- Template:Cite LSA
- Template:Cite LSA
- Template:Cite LSA
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External links
- Geologic formations of Colombia
- Cretaceous Colombia
- Upper Cretaceous Series of South America
- Turonian Stage
- Limestone formations
- Shale formations
- Open marine deposits
- Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of South America
- Paleontology in Colombia
- Geography of Cundinamarca Department
- Geography of Huila Department
- Geography of Tolima Department
- Magdalena River