Orders of magnitude (luminance)
This page lists examples of luminances, measured in candelas per square metre and grouped by order of magnitude.
| Factor (cd/m2) |
Multiple | Value | Item |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | Ideal black body[1] | ||
| 10−6 | µcd/m2 | 1 µcd/m2 | Absolute threshold of vision[1] |
| 10−5 | |||
| 10−4 | 400 µcd/m2 | Darkest sky[2] | |
| 10−3 | mcd/m2 | 1 mcd/m2 | Night sky[3] |
| 1.4 mcd/m2 | Typical photographic scene lit by full moon[4] | ||
| 5 mcd/m2 | Approximate scotopic/mesopic threshold[5] | ||
| 10−2 | 40 mcd/m2 | Phosphorescent markings on a watch dial after 1 h in the dark[6][7] | |
| 10−1 | |||
| 100 | cd/m2 | 2 cd/m2 | Floodlit buildings, monuments, and fountains[8] |
| 5 cd/m2 | Approximate mesopic/photopic threshold[5] | ||
| 101 | 25 cd/m2 | Typical photographic scene at sunrise or sunset[4] | |
| 30 cd/m2 | Green electroluminescent source[2] | ||
| 55 cd/m2 | Standard SMPTE cinema screen luminance[9] | ||
| 80 cd/m2 | Monitor white in the sRGB reference viewing environment | ||
| 102 | 250 cd/m2 | Peak luminance of a typical LCD monitor[10][11] | |
| 700 cd/m2 | Typical photographic scene on overcast day[4][8][11] | ||
| 103 | kcd/m2 | 2 kcd/m2 | Average cloudy sky[2] |
| 2.5 kcd/m2 | Moon surface[2][3] | ||
| 5 kcd/m2 | Typical photographic scene in full sunlight[4][8] | ||
| 7 kcd/m2 | Average clear sky[1][2][3][11] | ||
| 104 | 10 kcd/m2 | White illuminated cloud[3] | |
| 12 kcd/m2 | Fluorescent lamp[2][3] | ||
| 75 kcd/m2 | Low pressure sodium-vapor lamp[3] | ||
| 105 | 130 kcd/m2 | Frosted incandescent light bulb[2][3][11] | |
| 600 kcd/m2 | Solar disk at horizon[2] | ||
| 106 | Mcd/m2 | 7 Mcd/m2 | Filament of a clear incandescent lamp[12] |
| 107 | |||
| 108 | 100 Mcd/m2 | Possible retinal damage[1] | |
| 109 | Gcd/m2 | 1.6 Gcd/m2 | Solar disk at noon[2][3] |
See also
Notes and references
- ^ a b c d Hahn, Lance (1996). "Photometric Units". University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Department of Neuroscience. Retina Reference. Robert G. Smith. Retrieved 2013-10-10. (see http://retina.anatomy.upenn.edu/~rob/lance/articles.html for the references within)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Mischler, Georg. "Lighting Design Glossary – Luminance". schorsch.com. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Lighting Application". NVC Lighting Technology Corporation. Archived from the original on 2012-05-19. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
- ^ a b c d based on Orders of magnitude (illuminance), assuming a typical photographic scene has the same reflectance as an 18% gray card
- ^ a b Halonen, Liisa; Bizjak, Grega. "CIE Mesopic photometry – implementation for outdoor lighting" (PDF). University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, laboratory of Lighting and Photometry. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
- ^ "Luminosity in Watches". 2011-09-29. first decay graph of section 3.4 – The Afterglow. Retrieved 2013-10-11.
- ^ "Characteristic and comparison between LumiNova G Series and conventional pigment" (PDF). Nemoto Lumi-Materials. 2011-11-09. afterglow graph on p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-28. Retrieved 2013-10-11.
- ^ a b c based on this table of exposure values, assuming a reflected-light meter calibration constant of 12.5 cd·s/m2
- ^ "Screen Luminance Data Sheet" (PDF). Harkness Screens International. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-27. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
- ^ "Brightness and Contrast Ratio". Screen Tek. Archived from the original on 2013-08-26. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
- ^ a b c d when sources quote wide ranges of possible values, a (rounded) geometric mean of those values is reported here
- ^ "Basics of light and lighting" (PDF). Philips Lighting Academy. 2008. p. 29. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
