Vanadium(II) sulfate

Vanadium(II) sulfate
Identifiers
CAS Number	22364-10-9;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ECHA InfoCard	100.233.281
PubChem CID	166848 anhydrous; 22613976 heptahydrate;
UNII	IO5B4EXJYI;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID60929102 ;
	SMILES [O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[V+2];
Properties
Chemical formula	H12O10SV
Molar mass	255.09 g·mol−1
Appearance	violet solid
Density	1.910 g/cm3
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Vanadium(II) sulfate describes a family of inorganic compounds with the formula VSO₄(H₂O)_x where 0 ≤ x ≤ 7. The hexahydrate is most commonly encountered. It is a violet solid that dissolves in water to give air-sensitive solutions of the aquo complex. The salt is isomorphous with [Mg(H₂O)₆]SO₄. Compared to the V–O bond length of 191 pm in [V(H₂O)₆]³⁺, the V–O distance is 212 pm in the [V(H₂O)₆]SO₄. This nearly 10% elongation reflects the effect of the lower charge, hence weakened electrostatic attraction.^[1]

The heptahydrate has also been crystallized. The compound is prepared by electrolytic reduction of vanadyl sulfate in sulfuric acid.^[2] The crystals also feature [V(H₂O)₆]²⁺ centers but with an extra water of crystallization. The salt is isomorphous with ferrous sulfate heptahydrate.^[3] A related salt is vanadous ammonium sulfate, (NH₄)₂V(SO₄)₂·6H₂O, a Tutton's salt isomorphous with ferrous ammonium sulfate.^[4]

References

^ Cotton, F. A.; Falvello, L. R.; Llusar, R.; Libby, E.; Murillo, C. A.; Schwotzer, W. (1986). "Synthesis and Characterization of Four Vanadium(II) Compounds, Including Vanadium(II) Sulfate Hexahydrate and Vanadium(II) Saccharinates". Inorganic Chemistry. 25 (19): 3423–3428. doi:10.1021/ic00239a021.
^ Kranz, M. (1963). "Vanadium(II) Sulfate". Inorganic Syntheses. 7: 94–96. doi:10.1002/9780470132388.ch29.
^ Cotton, F. A.; Falvello, L. R.; Murillo, C. A.; Pascual, I.; Schultz, A. J.; Tomas, M. (1994). "Neutron and X-Ray Structural Characterization of the Hexaaquavanadium(II) Compound V(SO₄)·7H₂O". Inorganic Chemistry. 33 (24): 5391–5395. doi:10.1021/ic00102a009.
^ Montgomery, H.; Morosin, B.; Natt, J. J.; Witkowska, A. M.; Lingafelter, E. C. (1967). "The crystal structure of Tutton's salts. VI. Vanadium(II), iron(II) and cobalt(II) ammonium sulfate hexahydrates". Acta Crystallographica. 22 (6): 775–780. doi:10.1107/S0365110X67001550.

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[FAC1-1] Cotton, F. A.; Falvello, L. R.; Llusar, R.; Libby, E.; Murillo, C. A.; Schwotzer, W. (1986). "Synthesis and Characterization of Four Vanadium(II) Compounds, Including Vanadium(II) Sulfate Hexahydrate and Vanadium(II) Saccharinates". Inorganic Chemistry. 25 (19): 3423–3428. doi:10.1021/ic00239a021.

[2] Kranz, M. (1963). "Vanadium(II) Sulfate". Inorganic Syntheses. 7: 94–96. doi:10.1002/9780470132388.ch29.

[3] Cotton, F. A.; Falvello, L. R.; Murillo, C. A.; Pascual, I.; Schultz, A. J.; Tomas, M. (1994). "Neutron and X-Ray Structural Characterization of the Hexaaquavanadium(II) Compound V(SO₄)·7H₂O". Inorganic Chemistry. 33 (24): 5391–5395. doi:10.1021/ic00102a009.

[4] Montgomery, H.; Morosin, B.; Natt, J. J.; Witkowska, A. M.; Lingafelter, E. C. (1967). "The crystal structure of Tutton's salts. VI. Vanadium(II), iron(II) and cobalt(II) ammonium sulfate hexahydrates". Acta Crystallographica. 22 (6): 775–780. doi:10.1107/S0365110X67001550.

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