1912 in poetry
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Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).
Events
- March - The Poetry Review, edited by Harold Monro, supersedes the Poetical Gazette as the journal of the Poetry Society, just renamed from the Poetry Recital Society.
- April 14–15 - Sinking of the RMS Titanic: The ocean liner RMS Titanic strikes an iceberg and sinks on her maiden voyage from the United Kingdom to the United States.[1] This leads to a flood of poems, including Thomas Hardy's "The Convergence of the Twain".
- Indian poet Rabindranath Tagore takes a sheaf of his translated works to England, where they impress W. B. Yeats, Ezra Pound, Robert Bridges, Ernest Rhys, Thomas Sturge Moore and others.[2] Yeats writes the preface to the English translation of Tagore's Gitanjali
- Harriet Munroe founds Poetry: A Magazine of Verse in Chicago (with Ezra Pound as foreign editor); this year she describes its policy this way:
The Open Door will be the policy of this magazine—may the great poet we are looking for never find it shut, or half-shut, against his ample genius! To this end the editors hope to keep free from entangling alliances with any single class or school. They desire to print the best English verse which is being written today, regardless of where, by whom, or under what theory of art it is written. Nor will the magazine promise to limit its editorial comments to one set of opinions.
Imagist poets
- Three poets meet and work out the principles of Imagist poetry. The most prominent of the poets, Ezra Pound, later writes about the formulation in 1954:[3]
In the spring or early summer of 1912, 'H.D.' [Hilda Doolittle], Richard Aldington and myself decided that we were agreed upon the three principles following:
- 1. Direct treatment of the 'thing' whether subjective or objective.
- 2. To use absolutely no word that does not contribute to the presentation.
- 3. As regarding rhythm: to compose in the sequence of the musical phrase, not in the sequence of a metronome.
- At a meeting with Doolittle and Aldington in the British Museum tea room, Pound appends the signature H.D. Imagiste to Doolittle's poetry, creating a label that was to stick to the poet for most of her writing life
- October — Pound submits to Poetry: A Magazine of Verse three poems each by Doolittle and Aldington under the label Imagiste. Aldington's poems are printed in the November issue, and H.D.'s appear in the January 1913 issue. The March 1913 issue of Poetry also contains Pound's A Few Don'ts by an Imagiste and F. S. Flint's essay Imagisme. This publication history means that Imagism, although London-based, has its first readership in the United States.
Works published in English
- William Henry Drummond, The Poetical Works of William Henry Drummond. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons. posthumous.[4]
- Pauline Johnson, also known as "Tekahionwake", Flint and Feather, with an introduction by Theodore Watts-Dunton, an English critic[5]
- Seranus, In Northern Skies and Other Poems[6]
- Robert W. Service, Rhymes of a Rolling Stone, Canada[7]
- Sarojini Naidu, The Bird of Time, London; Indian poet writing in English, published in the United Kingdom[8]
- Bharati Sarabhai, The Well of the People, Calcutta: Visva-Bharati[9]
- Rabindranath Tagore, Gitanjali, Indian poet writing in English, published in the United Kingdom
- Robert Bridges, Poetical Works Excluding the Eight Dramas[10]
- Walter de la Mare, The Listeners, and Other Poems[10]
- John Drinkwater, Poems of Love and Earth[10]
- Wilfrid Gibson, Fires[10]
- T. E. Hulme, The Complete Poetical Works, five poems[10]
- Rudyard Kipling, Collected Verse[10]
- Edward Marsh (ed.), Georgian Poetry 1911-12, the first Georgian Poetry anthology
- Claude McKay, Constab Ballads; along with Songs of Jamaica (published in Jamaica), constitute the first published collections of English-language, Creole dialect poetry; Jamaican poet published in the United Kingdom[11]
- Sarojini Naidu, The Golden Threshold, Indian poet writing in English, published in Britain[12]
- Ezra Pound, American poet published in the United Kingdom:
- Isaac Rosenberg, Night and Day[10]
- Dora Sigerson, New Poems[10]
- James Stephens, The Hill of Vision[10]
- Rabindranath Tagore, Gitanjali, Indian poet writing in English, published in Britain
- Florence Earle Coates (1850–1927), The Unconquered Air, and Other Poems
- Robinson Jeffers, Flagons and Apples[14]
- William Ellery Leonard, The Vaunt of Man[14]
- Vachel Lindsay, Rhymes to be Traded for Bread[14]
- Amy Lowell, A Dome of Many-Coloured Glass[14]
- Edna St. Vincent Millay, "Renascence"
- Ezra Pound, American poet published in the United Kingdom:
- Ripostes, London[13]
- Translator, The Sonnets and Ballate of Guido Cavalcanti, London[13]
- John Hall Wheelock, The Beloved Adventure[14]
- Charles Williams, The Silver Stair[10]
- Elinor Wylie, Incidental Numbers[14]
Other in English
- Adam Lindsay Gordon, The Poems of Adam Lindsay Gordon, Australia
- Claude McKay of Jamaica, publishes the first collections of English-language, Creole dialect poetry:[11]
- Songs of Jamaica, Kingston, Jamaica
- Constab Ballads, London, England
Works published in other languages
- Paul Claudel, L'Annonce faite à Marie[15]
- Jean Cocteau, La Danse de Sophocle[16]
- Léon-Paul Fargue, Poemes, suivi de Pour la musique[17]
- Francis Jammes, Les Géorgiques chrétiennes ("Christian Georgics"), three volumes, published from (1911 to this year)[18]
- Pierre Jean Jouve, Présences[16]
- Max Jacob, Les Oeuvres Burlesques et Mystiques de Frère Matorel[17]
- René Maran, La Vie Intérieure, Guyanese writer
- Charles Péguy, Le Porche du mystère de la deuxième vertu[15]
- Saint-John Perse, pen name of Marie-René Alexis Saint-Léger, Eloges
- Victor Segalen, Stèles, an edition of 81 copies (see also Stèles, Peintures, Équipée 1955, and Stelae 1969, a translation into English by Nathaniel Tarn)[17]
Indian subcontinent
Including all of the British colonies that later became India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. Listed alphabetically by first name, regardless of surname:
Telugu language
- Gurajada Appa Rao (surname: Gurajada), narrative poems written in a four-line, stanzaic form, new for Telugu poetry:
Other languages of the Indian subcontinent
- Akshay Kumar Baral, Esa, Indian, Bengali-language
- Maithilisharan Gupta, "Bharat Bharati" ("The Voice of India"), Hindi poem glorifying the nation's past, deploring its contemporary social and political condition and calling for good relations between Hindus and Muslims at a time when animosity between the two groups was rising[20]
- Sumatiben Mehta, Hridayjharnan, a poem conveying her anguish during an extended illness (posthumous), written in the Gujarati language[21]
Other
- Anna Akhmatova, Vecher ("Evening"), her first collection, Russia
- Gottfried Benn, Morgue und andere Gedichte ("Morgue and other Poems") (Berlin), Germany
- David Burliuk, Aleksei Kruchenykh, Vladimir Mayakovsky and Velimir Khlebnikov, A Slap in the Face of Public Taste (Пощёчина общественному вкусу), Russian Futurist anthology
- Takuboku Ishikawa, Kanashiki gangu ("Sad Toys") published posthumously, Japan
- Antonio Machado, Campos de Castilla ("Fields of Castile"), first edition (revised edition 1917); Spain[22]
- Patrick Pearse, Mise Éire ("I am Ireland"), Ireland
Awards and honors
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Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
- January 1 – Nikiforos Vrettakos (died 1991), Greek
- February 11 – Roy Fuller (died 1991), English poet and novelist
- February 27 – Lawrence Durrell (died 1990), Indian-born English novelist, poet, dramatist and travel writer
- May 3 – May Sarton (died 1995), American poet, novelist and memoirist
- May 8 – George Woodcock (died 1995), Canadian poet, biographer, academic and prominent anarchist
- May 25 – Meeraji (died 1949), Indian, Urdu-language[23]
- June 12 – Roland Robinson (died 1992), Australian[24]
- June 13 – Hector de Saint-Denys Garneau (died 1943), Canadian poet, considered "Quebec's first truly modern poet"
- June 16 – Enoch Powell (died 1998), English MP from 1950 to 1987, classical scholar and poet
- June 29 – John Gawsworth, born Terence Ian Fytton Armstrong (died 1970), English poet and anthologist
- July 14 – Northrop Frye (died 1991), Canadian critic
- August 29 – Kenneth Allott (died 1973) Welsh-born Anglo-Irish poet and academic
- September 10 – William Everson, also known as "Brother Antoninus" (died 1994), American poet, author, literary critic and small-press printer
- September 12 – J. F. Hendry (died 1986), Scottish poet later living in Canada
- September 13 – F. T. Prince (died 2003) South African–British poet and academic
- September 16 – John Jefferson Bray (died 1995), Australian
- September 24 – Ian Serraillier (died 1994), English children's writer
- November 12 – Donagh MacDonagh (died 1968), Irish poet, playwright and judge
- December 9 – Denis Glover (died 1980), New Zealand poet and publisher
- December 11 – Micky Burn (died 2010), English writer, journalist, World War II commando and prize-winning poet[25]
- Also:
- Ali Jafri, Indian, Urdu-language poet[23]
- P. R. Kaikini, Indian, writing Indian poetry in English[23]
- Nityananda Mahapatra, Indian, Oriya-language novelist, short-story writer, poet and politician[23]
- Prahlad Parekh (died 1962), Indian, Gujarati-language [23]
- Bharati Sarabhai, Indian English- and Gujarati-language playwright, including verse drama[23]
- Konduru Viraraghavacaryulu, Indian, Telugu-language poet, novelist and scholar[23]
Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
- January 16 – Georg Heym (born 1887), German poet
- April 13 – Takuboku Ishikawa 石川 啄木 (born 1886), Japanese poet (surname: Ishikawa)
- November 28 – Lorentzos Mavilis (born 1860), Greek
- December 18 – Will Carleton (born 1845), American poet
See also
- Poetry
- List of years in poetry
- Acmeist poetry movement in Russian poetry
- Dymock poets
- Ego-Futurism movement in Russian poetry
- Expressionism movement in German poetry
- Russian Futurism
- Silver Age of Russian Poetry
- Young Poland (Polish: Młoda Polska) modernist period in Polish arts and literature
Notes
- ^ Lord, Walter (1955). A Night to Remember. New York: Holt.
- ^ Dutta, Krishna; Robinson, Andrew (1995). Rabindranath Tagore: the myriad-minded man. London: Bloomsbury. pp. 178–179. ISBN 9780747520047.
- ^ Pound, Ezra, "A Retrospect" (Literary Essays of Ezra Pound. London: Faber & Faber, 1954)
- ^ Mary Jane Edwards, "Drummond, William Henry," Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online, Web, Apr. 15, 2011.
- ^ Garvin, John William, editor, Canadian Poets (anthology), published by McClelland, Goodchild & Stewart, 1916, retrieved via Google Books, June 5, 2009
- ^ Wanda Campbell, "Susan Frances Harrison," Hidden Rooms: Early Canadian Women Poets, Canadian Poetry P, 2002, Canadian Poetry, UWO, Web, May 4, 2010.
- ^ Keith, W. J., "Poetry in English: 1867–1918", article in The Canadian Encyclopedia, retrieved February 8, 2009
- ^ Vinayak Krishna Gokak, The Golden Treasury Of Indo-Anglian Poetry (1828-1965), p 313, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint), ISBN 81-260-1196-3, retrieved August 6, 2010
- ^ Vinayak Krishna Gokak, The Golden Treasury Of Indo-Anglian Poetry (1828-1965), p 322, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint), ISBN 81-260-1196-3, retrieved August 6, 2010
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.
- ^ a b Brenier, Laurence A., An Introduction to West Indian Poetry, p 62, Cambridge University Press, 1998, ISBN 978-0-521-58712-9, retrieved via Google Books, February 7, 2009
- ^ Knippling, Alpana Sharma, "Chapter 3: Twentieth-Century Indian Literature in English", in Natarajan, Nalini, and Emanuel Sampath Nelson, editors, Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India (Google books link), Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996, ISBN 978-0-313-28778-7, retrieved December 10, 2008
- ^ a b c d Ackroyd, Peter, Ezra Pound, Thames and Hudson Ltd., London, 1980, "Bibliography" chapter, p 121
- ^ a b c d e f Ludwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr., Annals of American Literature: 1602–1983, 1986, New York: Oxford University Press ("If the title page is one year later than the copyright date, we used the latter since publishers frequently postdate books published near the end of the calendar year." — from the Preface, p vi)
- ^ a b Hartley, Anthony, editor, The Penguin Book of French Verse: 4: The Twentieth Century, Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1967
- ^ a b Brée, Germaine, Twentieth-Century French Literature, translated by Louise Guiney, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1983
- ^ a b c Auster, Paul, editor, The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry: with Translations by American and British Poets, New York: Random House, 1982 ISBN 0-394-52197-8
- ^ Web page titled "POET Francis Jammes (1868 - 1938)", at The Poetry Foundation website, retrieved August 30, 2009
- ^ a b Natarajan, Nalini and Emmanuel Sampath Nelson, editors, Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India, Chapter 11: "Twentieth-Century Telugu Literature" by G. K. Subbarayudu and C. Vijayasree' ', pp 306–328, retrieved via Google Books, January 4, 2008
- ^ Natarajan, Nalini, and Emmanuel Sampath Nelson, Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India, Westport, Connecticut, United States: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996, ISBN 0-313-28778-3, ISBN 978-0-313-28778-7, retrieved via Google Books on June 17, 2009
- ^ Mohan, Sarala Jag, Chapter 4: "Twentieth-Century Gujarati Literature" (Google books link), in Natarajan, Nalini, and Emanuel Sampath Nelson, editors, Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996, ISBN 978-0-313-28778-7, retrieved December 10, 2008
- ^ Debicki, Andrew P., Spanish Poetry of the Twentieth Century: Modernity and Beyond, p 11, University Press of Kentucky, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8131-0835-3, retrieved via Google Books, November 21, 2009
- ^ a b c d e f g Das, Sisir Kumar; et al. (1995). History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956: struggle for freedom: triumph and tragedy. Vol. 2. Sahitya Akademi. ISBN 978-81-7201-798-9. Retrieved 2008-12-23.
- ^ "Robinson, Roland (1912–1992)". Australia Dancing. Archived from the original on 2007-08-29. Retrieved 2007-10-03.
- ^ Davison, Phil, [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/captain-micky-burn-soldier-who-led-the-commandos-in-the-operation-chariot-raid-on-saint-nazaire-in-1942-2072090.html "Captain Micky Burn: Soldier who led the commandos in the 'Operation Chariot' raid on Saint Nazaire in 1942", obituary, The Independent, September 7, 2010, retrieved October 20, 2010