Nifuroxazide
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| AHFS/Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
| Routes of administration | Oral |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.012.293 |
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| Formula | C12H9N3O5 |
| Molar mass | 275.220 g·mol−1 |
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Nifuroxazide (INN) is an oral nitrofuran antibiotic, patented since 1966[1] and used to treat colitis and diarrhoea in humans and non-humans.[2] It is sold under the brand names Ambatrol, Antinal, Bacifurane, Diafuryl (Turkey), Pérabacticel (France), Antinal, Diax (Egypt), Nifrozid, Ercefuryl (Romania, Czech Republic, Russia), Erfuzide (Thailand), Endiex (Slovakia), Enterofuryl (Russia), Pentofuryl (Germany), Topron, Enterovid (Latin America), Eskapar (Mexico), Enterocolin,TERRACOLIN 100Mg./200Mg.(Bolivia), Apazid (Morocco), Nifural (Indonesia) and Septidiaryl. It is sold in capsule form and also as a suspension. A 2016 clinical trial showed Nifuroxazide to be more effective compared to probiotics in treating acute diarrhea in adults.[3]
History
Maurice Claude Ernest Carron patented the drug in the United States in 1966.[1] Subsequent patents issued to Germano Cagliero of Marxer S.p.A describe the use of nifuroxazide as an antibiotic used to treat livestock.[2]
Effectiveness in humans
In 1997, in an Ivory Coast promotional leaflet, GlaxoSmithKline claimed that nifuroxazide (under the brand name "Ambatrol") is an anti-dehydration treatment, "neutralise[s] microbacterials" in diarrhoea, and has "a spectrum which covers most enteropathogenic microbacterials, Shigella, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococci, Klebsiella, Yersinia".[4] The international non-profit organization Healthy Skepticism, at the time using their former name, Medical Lobby for Appropriate Marketing (MaLAM), disagreed, stating "We have not found any scientific evidence to support these claims."[4] A 2016 clinical trial showed Nifuroxazide to treat diarrhea in an average of 2 days compared to 5 days with probiotics.[3]
Notes
- ^ a b US 3290213, Carron MC, "Antibacterial nitrofurfurylidene derivatives and methods of using same", issued 6 December 1966, assigned to Laboratories Robert et Carriere SA
- ^ a b US 4093746, Cagliero G, "Method of and fodder for rearing white-meat calves for slaughter", issued 6 June 1978, assigned to Marxer SpA
- ^ a b Begovic B, Ahmedtagic S, Calkic L, Vehabović M, Kovacevic SB, Catic T, Mehic M (December 2016). "Open Clinical Trial on Using Nifuroxazide Compared to Probiotics in Treating Acute Diarrhoeas in Adults". Materia Socio-Medica. 28 (6): 454–458. doi:10.5455/msm.2016.28.454-458. PMC 5239654. PMID 28144199.
- ^ a b "SmithKline Beecham Ambatrol (nifuroxazide)". Healthy Skepticism. June 1997. Archived from the original on 2010-12-21. Retrieved 2010-12-21.
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