Ka (Javanese)
- For a more general overview encompassing other Indic scripts, see Ka (Indic)
| ka | |
|---|---|
 Aksara nglegena | |
 Aksara pasangan | |
| Javanese script | |
| Latin orthography | ka |
| Phoneme | [k] |
| Unicode | A98F |
ꦏ is a syllable in the Javanese script that represents the sound /kɔ/, /ka/. It is transliterated to Latin as "ka", and sometimes in Indonesian orthography as "ko". It has two other forms (pasangan), which are ◌꧀ꦏ and ◌꧀ꦏꦸ (if followed by 'ꦸ' and several other glyphs), but are represented by a single Unicode code point, U+A98F.[1][2][3]
Pasangan
It's pasangan form ◌꧀ꦏ, is located on the bottom side of the previous syllable. For example, ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ꦏꦺ - anake (his/her child), which, although transliterated with a single 'k', is written using double 'ꦏ' because the rootword ('anak', child) ends in 'ꦏ'.
The pasangan has two forms, the other is used when the pasangan is followed by 'ꦸ', 'ꦹ', 'ꦿ', 'ꦽ', or 'ꦾ'. For example, ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ꦏꦸ - anakku (my child)
Extended form
The letter ꦏ has a murda form, which is ꦑ.
Using cecak telu (ꦏ꦳), the syllable represents Arabic ح (/ħ/ or /x/).
ꦏ with a cerek (ꦐ) is called Ka sasak.
Glyphs
| Nglegena forms | Pasangan forms | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ꦏ ka | ꦏꦃ kah | ꦏꦁ kang | ꦏꦂ kar | ◌꧀ꦏ -ka | ◌꧀ꦏꦃ -kah | ◌꧀ꦏꦁ -kang | ◌꧀ꦏꦂ -kar |
| ꦏꦺ ke | ꦏꦺꦃ keh | ꦏꦺꦁ keng | ꦏꦺꦂ ker | ◌꧀ꦏꦺ -ke | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦃ -keh | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦁ -keng | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦂ -ker |
| ꦏꦼ kê | ꦏꦼꦃ kêh | ꦏꦼꦁ kêng | ꦏꦼꦂ kêr | ◌꧀ꦏꦼ -kê | ◌꧀ꦏꦼꦃ -kêh | ◌꧀ꦏꦼꦁ -kêng | ◌꧀ꦏꦼꦂ -kêr |
| ꦏꦶ ki | ꦏꦶꦃ kih | ꦏꦶꦁ king | ꦏꦶꦂ kir | ◌꧀ꦏꦶ -ki | ◌꧀ꦏꦶꦃ -kih | ◌꧀ꦏꦶꦁ -king | ◌꧀ꦏꦶꦂ -kir |
| ꦏꦺꦴ ko | ꦏꦺꦴꦃ koh | ꦏꦺꦴꦁ kong | ꦏꦺꦴꦂ kor | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴ -ko | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴꦃ -koh | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴꦁ -kong | ◌꧀ꦏꦺꦴꦂ -kor |
| ꦏꦸ ku | ꦏꦸꦃ kuh | ꦏꦸꦁ kung | ꦏꦸꦂ kur | ◌꧀ꦏꦸ -ku | ◌꧀ꦏꦸꦃ -kuh | ◌꧀ꦏꦸꦁ -kung | ◌꧀ꦏꦸꦂ -kur |
| ꦏꦿ kra | ꦏꦿꦃ krah | ꦏꦿꦁ krang | ꦏꦿꦂ krar | ◌꧀ꦏꦿ -kra | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦃ -krah | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦁ -krang | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦂ -krar |
| ꦏꦿꦺ kre | ꦏꦿꦺꦃ kreh | ꦏꦿꦺꦁ kreng | ꦏꦿꦺꦂ krer | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺ -kre | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦃ -kreh | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦁ -kreng | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦂ -krer |
| ꦏꦽ krê | ꦏꦽꦃ krêh | ꦏꦽꦁ krêng | ꦏꦽꦂ krêr | ◌꧀ꦏꦽ -krê | ◌꧀ꦏꦽꦃ -krêh | ◌꧀ꦏꦽꦁ -krêng | ◌꧀ꦏꦽꦂ -krêr |
| ꦏꦿꦶ kri | ꦏꦿꦶꦃ krih | ꦏꦿꦶꦁ kring | ꦏꦿꦶꦂ krir | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶ -kri | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶꦃ -krih | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶꦁ -kring | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦶꦂ -krir |
| ꦏꦿꦺꦴ kro | ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦃ kroh | ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦁ krong | ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦂ kror | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴ -kro | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦃ -kroh | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦁ -krong | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦺꦴꦂ -kror |
| ꦏꦿꦸ kru | ꦏꦿꦸꦃ kruh | ꦏꦿꦸꦁ krung | ꦏꦿꦸꦂ krur | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸ -kru | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸꦃ -kruh | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸꦁ -krung | ◌꧀ꦏꦿꦸꦂ -krur |
| ꦏꦾ kya | ꦏꦾꦃ kyah | ꦏꦾꦁ kyang | ꦏꦾꦂ kyar | ◌꧀ꦏꦾ -kya | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦃ -kyah | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦁ -kyang | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦂ -kyar |
| ꦏꦾꦺ kye | ꦏꦾꦺꦃ kyeh | ꦏꦾꦺꦁ kyeng | ꦏꦾꦺꦂ kyer | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺ -kye | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦃ -kyeh | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦁ -kyeng | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦂ -kyer |
| ꦏꦾꦼ kyê | ꦏꦾꦼꦃ kyêh | ꦏꦾꦼꦁ kyêng | ꦏꦾꦼꦂ kyêr | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼ -kyê | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼꦃ -kyêh | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼꦁ -kyêng | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦼꦂ -kyêr |
| ꦏꦾꦶ kyi | ꦏꦾꦶꦃ kyih | ꦏꦾꦶꦁ kying | ꦏꦾꦶꦂ kyir | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶ -kyi | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶꦃ -kyih | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶꦁ -kying | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦶꦂ -kyir |
| ꦏꦾꦺꦴ kyo | ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦃ kyoh | ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦁ kyong | ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦂ kyor | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴ -kyo | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦃ -kyoh | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦁ -kyong | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦺꦴꦂ -kyor |
| ꦏꦾꦸ kyu | ꦏꦾꦸꦃ kyuh | ꦏꦾꦸꦁ kyung | ꦏꦾꦸꦂ kyur | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸ -kyu | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸꦃ -kyuh | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸꦁ -kyung | ◌꧀ꦏꦾꦸꦂ -kyur |
| Nglegena forms | Pasangan forms | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ꦏ꦳ kha | ꦏ꦳ꦃ khah | ꦏ꦳ꦁ khang | ꦏ꦳ꦂ khar | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ -kha | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦃ -khah | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦁ -khang | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦂ -khar |
| ꦏ꦳ꦺ khe | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦃ kheh | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦁ kheng | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦂ kher | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺ -khe | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦃ -kheh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦁ -kheng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦂ -kher |
| ꦏ꦳ꦼ khê | ꦏ꦳ꦼꦃ khêh | ꦏ꦳ꦼꦁ khêng | ꦏ꦳ꦼꦂ khêr | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼ -khê | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼꦃ -khêh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼꦁ -khêng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦼꦂ -khêr |
| ꦏ꦳ꦶ khi | ꦏ꦳ꦶꦃ khih | ꦏ꦳ꦶꦁ khing | ꦏ꦳ꦶꦂ khir | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶ -khi | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶꦃ -khih | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶꦁ -khing | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦶꦂ -khir |
| ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴ kho | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ khoh | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ khong | ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ khor | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴ -kho | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ -khoh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ -khong | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ -khor |
| ꦏ꦳ꦸ khu | ꦏ꦳ꦸꦃ khuh | ꦏ꦳ꦸꦁ khung | ꦏ꦳ꦸꦂ khur | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸ -khu | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸꦃ -khuh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸꦁ -khung | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦸꦂ -khur |
| ꦏ꦳ꦿ khra | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦃ khrah | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦁ khrang | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦂ khrar | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿ -khra | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦃ -khrah | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦁ -khrang | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦂ -khrar |
| ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺ khre | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ khreh | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ khreng | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ khrer | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺ -khre | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ -khreh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ -khreng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ -khrer |
| ꦏ꦳ꦽ khrê | ꦏ꦳ꦽꦃ khrêh | ꦏ꦳ꦽꦁ khrêng | ꦏ꦳ꦽꦂ khrêr | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽ -khrê | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽꦃ -khrêh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽꦁ -khrêng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦽꦂ -khrêr |
| ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶ khri | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ khrih | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ khring | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ khrir | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶ -khri | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ -khrih | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ -khring | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ -khrir |
| ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ khro | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ khroh | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ khrong | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ khror | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ -khro | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ -khroh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ -khrong | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ -khror |
| ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸ khru | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ khruh | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ khrung | ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ khrur | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸ -khru | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ -khruh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ -khrung | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ -khrur |
| ꦏ꦳ꦾ khya | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦃ khyah | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦁ khyang | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦂ khyar | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾ -khya | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦃ -khyah | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦁ -khyang | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦂ -khyar |
| ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺ khye | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ khyeh | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ khyeng | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ khyer | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺ -khye | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ -khyeh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ -khyeng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ -khyer |
| ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼ khyê | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ khyêh | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ khyêng | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ khyêr | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼ -khyê | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ -khyêh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ -khyêng | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ -khyêr |
| ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶ khyi | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ khyih | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ khying | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ khyir | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶ -khyi | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ -khyih | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ -khying | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ -khyir |
| ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ khyo | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ khyoh | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ khyong | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ khyor | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ -khyo | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ -khyoh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ -khyong | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ -khyor |
| ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸ khyu | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ khyuh | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ khyung | ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ khyur | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸ -khyu | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ -khyuh | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ -khyung | ◌꧀ꦏ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ -khyur |
Unicode block
Javanese script was added to the Unicode Standard in October, 2009 with the release of version 5.2.
| Javanese[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+A98x | ꦀ | ꦁ | ꦂ | ꦃ | ꦄ | ꦅ | ꦆ | ꦇ | ꦈ | ꦉ | ꦊ | ꦋ | ꦌ | ꦍ | ꦎ | ꦏ |
| U+A99x | ꦐ | ꦑ | ꦒ | ꦓ | ꦔ | ꦕ | ꦖ | ꦗ | ꦘ | ꦙ | ꦚ | ꦛ | ꦜ | ꦝ | ꦞ | ꦟ |
| U+A9Ax | ꦠ | ꦡ | ꦢ | ꦣ | ꦤ | ꦥ | ꦦ | ꦧ | ꦨ | ꦩ | ꦪ | ꦫ | ꦬ | ꦭ | ꦮ | ꦯ |
| U+A9Bx | ꦰ | ꦱ | ꦲ | ꦳ | ꦴ | ꦵ | ꦶ | ꦷ | ꦸ | ꦹ | ꦺ | ꦻ | ꦼ | ꦽ | ꦾ | ꦿ |
| U+A9Cx | ꧀ | ꧁ | ꧂ | ꧃ | ꧄ | ꧅ | ꧆ | ꧇ | ꧈ | ꧉ | ꧊ | ꧋ | ꧌ | ꧍ | ꧏ | |
| U+A9Dx | ꧐ | ꧑ | ꧒ | ꧓ | ꧔ | ꧕ | ꧖ | ꧗ | ꧘ | ꧙ | ꧞ | ꧟ | ||||
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||
See also
References
- ^ Campbell, George L. Compendium of the World's Languages. Vol. 1. New York: Routledge, 2000.
- ^ Soemarmo, Marmo. "Javanese Script." Ohio Working Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching 14.Winter (1995): 69-103.
- ^ Daniels, Peter T and William Bright. The World's Writing Systems. Ed. Peter T Daniels and William Bright. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.